The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, December 13, 1871, Image 1
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BY W. A. LEE AND HUGH WILSON. ABBEVILLE. S. C., WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 13. 1871. ' VOLIJME XIX?NO. 34/1^ ; >1
< * .-. - ;> \ - , ^ ..;J
FOR THE PR EES AXD BANNER.
LIFE.
"Whatinspiration in the word!
And how we love to dwell
Upon it, for it wreaths around,
* A bright and'magic spell.
The very word doth thrill the soul,
Like some bright fancy dream.
iVnd^eems forever breathing forth,
A pure and sparkling stream.
t
A breeze i3 blowing o'er the hill,
And seems to whisper life!
"iVe list, and turn awhile away.
From darkness, and from strife.
I^fe! bear the birds sing gladly out,
Life! echo's all around.
While nature sweetly adds her voice,
And dearly swells the sound.
But then, this life tho' very bright,
. Will very soon be o'er,
Yet there will be a brighter life,
Upon the other shore.
The flowers live forever there,
The streams forever flow,
And Qn life's river we will glide,
And live forever xnore.
The "pearly gates" and 'golden
streets,"
Will brightly beam as now,
While life, will deeply be eixstamped,
Upon our every brow,
So while thro'life we eren.'lv clido,
In mingled peace and lcve,
Hope sbeds lier brightest beams
around,
The life of joy above.
LULA.
"Williamston, S. C. .
^ GOV.
SCOTrS ANNUAL MESSAGE.
[concluded.]
That this language was used on
that occasion by ibe person referred
to, I have the testimony of gentlemen
of the highest respectabilty who
^ heard it. Scarcoly less incondiary
was the tone of the opposition newspapers
throughout the State, r.s
the following extracts from their editorials
of that perio* clearly demonstrate,
and fasten upon them much of
the responsibility for tho baleful consequence
that ensued:
' Homedbee that wc are tho white
people, and that they aro the Degro;
l?nf f I?nrrA ryvAtm/l
li-JUV HIVJ uacv v uvgvu Vtivii VMIIUJ
and arrayed themselves against us
with a determination and hate which '
are unmistakable, and that#ur policy
is to let them alone and take care of
ourselves. Uut we must have organization,
not politically, bo it remembered,
and the views below are worth |
$ consideration- Let us have a thorough
understanding and a union of tlic i
whole white people of this State for- |
getting, either, the worthy exceptions ,
among tho negroes who have idenii- |
tied themselves with us, or any others .
who-may see fit to east their lines fn .
with us.?ywheny Hero Id, Nov. 3. f
1870. _ ,
"The time for temporizing, argu- j
ment and conciliation, is passed : we t
shall have no more of It, A straight r
and severe line must be drawn be- (
tween the races. The colored people t
havecboscn their ground with thr t
advice of the riugleaders, and they .
must follow it out, without aid or }
sympathy fuom their former white
friends* The white people have the j
power and the brains and the deter- ,
mination to hold their own and pro- ,
.teet themselves, and they will do so. |
The negroes have followed their do- .
vices one time too many, and now let .
them look to others for help, assis- (
tance and sympathy"?l)urli?gton |
Democrat Nov. 3, 1870. (
"We understand, therefore, and ae- ,
cept the solid "black vote cast against t
the nominees ot the Reform party, as (
a declaration of war by the negro \
race against the white race, by ignor- ,
ance against intelligence, by poverty }
against actual or potential wealth. |
This issue we have striven to avoid. |
but tho negroes will have nothing ?ise. .
O O ?
They will not allow us to work with j(
them ; wo must, if nccessarj*, work j (
against them. Conciliation, argu- j
jnent, persuasion?all havo been worse (
than useless. The white people stand .
alone. And they must orgauiz3 themsolves.aod
arm themselves, not as 'a
white man's party,' but because the j
past '-jind present prove that dc- (
cency, purity and political freedom, ,
as well as the preservation of society, ,
ace identical with the interests of the ,
whilft nonnln of tlin Statff." flhnvbs.
ton Daily New*, Nov, 7, 1870.
I shall not multiply these evidences
from the opposition press, but cannot
refrain from uttering a reflection "that
their candid admission forcibly sug- :
gosts.
Tbe two parties in the State daring
-v the campaign to"which theso extracts
relate, ran their respective candidates
upon platforms that were almost identical
in terms, and were alleged by
the opposition to be identical iu principle.
Tbo fact, tbereforo those who
claim to possess all the intelligence,
and who do'possess much of the potential
wealth of the State,, were so
utterly defeated, cannot be referred to
mere party differences. Nor can it
be explained by charging such defeat
to those who are offensively termed
"carpet-baggers" and "scaliawags,"
for to? number of whites who are ac-'
tive .Republicans in this State may al_
most le counted on the fingers of a
man's bands. The canse lies deeper
than this. It is, doubtless, due to the
"negro's" just perception of charaef
r, either intintive or derived fr< m
long experieuco aud close observation,
which enables him to look beneath
the mere planks of a platform, and
discriminate between those who are
loyal and those who are disloyal to
the Government of his countr}r. j
Hence, he wouid unquestionably vote
as he does, even though every white
man in the Republican" party in this
State should go over to the opposition,
doubtless, also pcreeives that these
men bear the same relation to the National
Democratic party, of which
they claim to be members, that the
more guerrilla or bush-whacker,
plundering and murdering on t.he out-,
skirts of a great army, does to the
regular soldier in its ranks.
These appeals were quicklly responded
to. Un many countios of tho up,
country bauds of armed horsemen
thoroughly racked, rode at mid-night
to the houses of peaceable Republicans
and sh't them down in cold
blood. Colled men, Republicans,
charged vvth offences, and iinpris*
oned on ppbable causo, were taken
from the nil and inhumanly butchered,
to e'ade the effect of a writ of
habeas co^ws which had been issued
in their<jchalf Hundreds of Republicans,
vhite as well as colored, lawabidin;
citizens, wcro tied to trees
and wuipped. and their bodies lacerate
with cowhides. On tho dav sue-1
ceedng tho last general clcction,
(Oc-obor 20, 1S70,) an attack was
mjtlo by these men on a number of tbj
State Constabulary, at Laurens i
C&urt House, while the Court was in
icseion, which attack was the signal,
evidently, for the execution of a preconcerted
plan to murder .Republicans
; for the instant it was made, a I
largo number oT tho citizeus of the <
town, all of t-bem of the opposition1 <
formed line of battle and began firing, <
killing several Republicans upon the i
spot, without provocation, aud hnnting
down those that fled, and placing t
them in position, aud then deliberate- ]
ly shooting them to death. They t
then went to the post offico and cfo- 1
manded the hallot-boxcs from the i
postmaster, in whoso custody, they (
supposed t-hem to bo deposited?the i
Republican ticket, as they correctly I
thought, having been elected. In ]
this affair, thirteen Republicans were s
killed and many wounded-. Jsot a .<
man of the opposition was injured. <
In this "and othar Counties man}' I
were compelled to abandon their fam- i
ilies. and growing crops, and fly for i
their lives, and others were required 1
and forced to mako a public recanta- i
tion of their Republican principles I
from tho stoDS of the Countv Court J
Houses, and in open daylight.- In
obcdicnee to the mandates of these
masked murderers, many of tho local
officials resigned, although they
wcrq chargeablo with no malfeasance
in ofileo. In proof that these deeds
of violenco sprang from no * local
grievance, but wer.e a part of a general
political plan,. I refer to tho fact
that they were committed in several
Counties?Union, Spartan burg,'York,
Chester. Chesterfield, Laui'ens, Fairfield
and Newberry?where all the
judicial and other appointees of the
administration were of the opposition.
In view of this condition of affairs,
the State capital was thronged by
refugee Republicans, and in the
months of January and February
last, I was earnestly urged by many
'o}Tal men, ;!vi?diugnumerous mem- \
jcrs-of the Genera! Assembly, to eall i
>ut tho militia and declare martial t
aw over these Couuti s where these t
icts of lawless violence were being
xtrpet rated. This I refused to do. t
or reasons which I then thought, and t
till think, were judicious and proper. r
! had at my disposal but a compara si
ively small militia force, composed f
learly altogether of colored men, ]
is this class alone, with but few ex- c
:xception?. had offered themselves for i
Mirollment and organization, and they
done could be relied on as loyal citizens.
As an evidence of tliis fact, ] [
would state that a captain of a mi- \
litia company, composed of white s
men, in this city, having -applied to i
ne for ammunition, I asked him il 1
le would obey my ord<r> as com- }.
nander-in-cbiel, in the event of an t
irmed collision arising from an at- i
empt to enforce the faws, to which
>e frankly replied: '-In case of diffi- r
:ulty, I will go with my race, lie c
,vas told that it was not a question of t
ace, but a question of enforcement of c
he laws against thoso who proposed e
r-v o n f 4 K/kt-kt I\ f /lnfionnA 'Plw* 1
,\J ijfu itJVlIX aw UWUaiiV;U O. uv Iflilllltl i
>vere, for the most part, undisciplined f
irid unskilled in the use of arms, for c
Lliey were reared under a system of
aw which even forbade their having
i fire-arm in their possession. I was
convinced that if put into the field,
ihey would have been instantly conTouted
and attacked by a largo body
jf veteran soldiery, well organized,
ind equipped with the most improved
arms, and. forming a part of a vast
organization extending through adjacent
States, with which they had
. asy lincH of communication. .In
such a conflict it was evident that t'ue
militia would have been beaten?
either driven back or slaughtered,
[n that event, I feared a general retaliation,
which would have speedily
mado tho entire State a theatre of an
internecino war.
But, supposing the militia successful
in such a conflict, the opposition
papers and tho Associated Press
agents in this State would have proclaimed
to tho country that the administration
had, of a political pur- <
irinnorirjitpd ji "wur of rafKR."
and even loyal men of both parties in ;
the North, who have no sympathy
with the perpetrators of these unnatural
crimes, wouid have been led
to believe that the contcst here was
one between the "negro and the white
man," instead of being, as it is, an is- >
sue between the loyal friends of the
Government and its disloyal enemies.
Such an impression in the country
[would have had a peculiarly disastrous
effect upon the future of the
"colored population throughout the entire
South. In addition to theso con
sideratione, I thought, and still think,
that it was the paramount duty of
the Government of the United States
to pjotcct i's loyal citizens in the enjoyment
of "life, liberty and the pursuit
of happiness."
The negro was a slave by virtue of
the Constitution of the United States.
By the Government of the United
States ho \va* emancipated and made]
a frco, American citizen. The Government
of the United States is, j
therefore, morally bound to protect
him in the-full exercise of his vested
lvi<rhtn htuI if noivl hp tn ftfluCflte
7 - ^
him to exercise those rights uuder8tanditigly,forhe
waskeptin ignorance
pursuant to its laws. If tho Government
of the United States fails, when
necessary to discharge this duty, then
emancipation was a political crime,
i ii... ~ ~ ^ 1 .wt. A ~ i 4i.rt
ailU IUU UVJJIU iUll/ 1<J UUL'UIIIU III IT
obedient tool or wretched victim of
the disloyal enemies of the Governuiept,
and to buffer outrage beeair >
ho is its friend. Moreover, I viewed I
the use of the military for tho execu- ti
tion of tho laws with extreme re pug- i
nancc, and required that tho civil h
authorities should first exhaust their m
powers through the posse comitulua. t!
In the following letter, addressed to fi
the Sheriff of Fairfield County, and n
published for the information and a
guidance of peace officers in other it
Counties, I enjoined tipon the local h
Magistrates and peace officers of that tl
County to act with vigor, and, at all tl
hazards, to bring, these criminals to ei
justice, at least such of them us were a
known, and when there was proper d
evidence on which a warrant could is- d
=s.ue: 01
"Executive Department. r<
"Columbia, May, 2, 1871. it
uTo the Sheriff of Fairfield County?
Sir: I have been credibly informed Hi
by a number of citizens of Fairfield ir
L'ounty, as well as by your own offi- g;
,-ial communication that on the night m
3f the 29th ult, a body of armed men, rc
n disguise, rode iuto tho town of fr
Winnsboro, and left at the houses of ft
several County officers a written pa- ti
ier, in which'they were'commanded oi
.o resign, and threatened with vioeneo
if they failed to obey. As you K
ii. . _ i p i: .r ii .
ire uio. cuiei executive uuicer oi me m
Dountv, it is your duty to take mens- cj
ires to ascertain and bring to justice al
:hcsc masked violators of the. public It
icace, and, for this purpose, you sj
should promptly invoke all die l*e- ci
sources which the law places at your il
Jisposal. In the last resort, should in
;he ordinary, service of process prove di
nadcqnatc to make the necessary ar- tl
ests, by reason of any armed ccmbi- rn
nation, you will call out the posse comi- tc
[atus, 'which call. I have no doubt, will in
je responded to b}'all good citizens oi
Ln all cases of this character, where tl
iritizens are put in terror by armed ni
sands of lawless men, it is expected II
that the local authorities should ox- ui
iiaust all legal resources to give ade- m
piate protection to life and property, fe
Defore the State Executive can prop- ;a
jrly, intervene by extraordinary ex- [
tiibition of force, hither'o unknown N
.0 the administration of the laws in f?
civilized communities, The failure of oi
?ho proper County officers to exert tl
;heir utmost viirihmco to detect, and tr
O" '
<beir most vigorous efforts to bring tc ti
mnishmcnt, all disturbers of the ft
icaco, will be deemed evidence of their tl
lagrant neglect of duty or gross inef- oi
icieney. It is a grave reproach to w
,ho people of Winnsboro, that n band Rj
)f fifty disguised boisemen should pi
iavo been permitted to -enter their ti
own, and occupy it for several hours, di
vith the declared purpose of putting of
11 terror, or intlicting violence upon "I
he sworn public officers of tho Coun- h:
3'- "I
<;In this connection, it is proper t!
hat I should call your attention to il
he recent Act of Congress, which ai
nnkes all citizens who are privy to ar
my acts of organized violence, and
ail to give any information in their rc
>osscssion that may lead to the arrest cc
>f the perpetrators, purticeps criminis to
11 their guilt.. Very respectfully, . jsi
' ROBERT K. SCOTT, Governor." ei;
The officers did not act, being either J3i
)aralvacd by fear vr in sympathy in
villi the criminals. In common with so
nany others, the loyal nion among re
hem seemed to regard this as a pure- ?
y personal govern-mcnt, and to ex- cv
>ect that tho Executive should dis- it.'
barge all tho duties of tho departuent
of the Stale.
At this juncture, I determined to re
mike a final effort to restore public th
irder without military force, and I ti<
hcrcfore invited prominent citizens f0
if the disaffected section tD a confer- in
:ncc with mo at the capital. They tr
vere all racognized leaders of the op- ni
)osilion, and of acknowledged influ- pi
:iiee in their respective Counties. 1 re
ind hoped mneh from their.co-opera- bi
ion "in the interest of law and order w
vhich they professed to advocate, in
cnowing, as I did, that the masses of gi
ho whites in this Stato would", from <r(
he mere force of former discipline, ia
iced their admonitions. The confer- of
:nce was held. All of these gentle- hi
nen denied the existence of tlie Ivu
Ilux organization in South Carolina, vc
vhilo some of them indirectly son'ght te
0 extenuato acts of violenco that e.?
,hey could not well denj7, by referring w
.hem to what they were falsely pleas- cc
;d to term "negro rule." They al- p]
eged numerous acts of incendiarism tl
')' negroes, which allegations, doriv- 2n
id from the opposition press, and of- bi
;en repeated, have been proved base tc
fabrications; in the main, designed to sr
offset or palliate the burning of M
school-houses erected for the instvue- qi
Lion of colored children. These gen- tc
Llemen, however, promised me their p
co-operation to the end in view, and it
1 believed them. I am not advised if fi
any effort was made to fulfill those
promises. Certainly they have effected '
nothing. Having exhausted all the ti
civil power under my control to sup-Ill
press this insurrection against the tl
constituted authorities, I made appli- ft
cation,in accordancc with tho Consti-ie
tutiou of the United States, to the I c
National Government to protect tho ip
Stato ''against domestic violence." jg
The magnitude of this organized system
of crime was made apparent to r
Congress, the evidcnco in tho posses- I
sion of the Goverr-raent showing that i<
the Ku Klux bands in South Carolina ti
were "but ports of a stupendous ti
whojp," h&ving'a broader scopo than a
the redress of a mere local grievance, si
Congress, *'by appropriate legisla- t<
tion,". having granted the necessary i>
powers, his Excellency the President 1
of tho "United States, on. the 17th day b
of October, 1871, suspended tho writ a
of habeas corpus in tho Counties of S
......I,...... V?l- n?:? rw - - . -
u^ai lunuui^, j ui iv, ^jiiriuij, v^uescer, |i
Laurens, Inow berry, Faiifleld, Lan-jv
caster and Chestertield. The County I;
of Mai-jon was subsequently excepted c
from this list, and the County of n
Union substituted therefor?.Marion n
having been originally embraced, in- p
stead of Union, in the first proclama- p
tiou of the President through a cleri- e
cal error. i?
An adequate force of United States li
troops is' now in the State, and, o
under the direction of an energetic p
and discreet commanding officer, they J t
are actively engaged iu arresting the b
Cu Klux criminals, wherever legal
estimony of guile is furnished 1
lany persons of the suspected class '<
avo fled from the uppor counties,
;hilo at the same timo protesting
heir innocence 'of crime. Flight 1
oin arrest by officers of the law. is '
ot generally regarded as furnishing '
very strong legal, presumption of' f
inoconce. It would be far better,
owever, for tho State, that all of 1
his class slionId abandon it forever, 1
lan that oyen one industrious labor- ]
[ should bo murdered or driven '
way from the pursuits of useful in- 1
ustry. Tho former are 'usually (
rones in the human hive, while up- <
n the products of the toiling mass
?posethe whole wealth and prosper- I
y of the State. '
I am officially infoimcd that thus 1
u* about GOO arrests have been made '
i this State, under the Act of Con- I
rcss. The persons arrested, and |
ow for the nios?t part, held for trial, '
jprcsent almost every class in society; *
om the humble laborer and small *
.rmer, to the wealthy planter, pruc- <
cing physician, lawyer and minister 1
i* the Gospel. r
I have endeavored to bo historical- <
r exact in recording what must pass (
ito history as a reproach to Amcri- *
in civilization, and in now known of c
1 men as the shame of. tho State. I
, presents tho most extraordinary t
>ectaclc of a complete relapse from i
vilization into barbarism known in
ie annals of mankind?surpassing, i
i its atrocity, tho ''Thngisra" of In- i
ia, for the Thug spares women and i
ie aged, but the Ku KIux exempts i
one from his vcngeance, in his effort :
> stranglo Republicanism. If any J
apartial man, jealous of the honor t
f his kind, hesitates to believe such s
lings possible in a civilized c-ommfl- j
ity, let him visit tho jail ih this cit}'. t
o will there find scores of the veri- (
iblo actors in these deeds of blood, i
any of whom have voluntarily con- I
ssed their crimes as Ku Klux, these (
at being poor, deluded men, to whom
trust the' utmost clemency of the
ational Executive will be extended, (
ir they are but the blinded victims i
f their cultivated leaders. Somo of I
lem but recently showed, or offered I
show, their scarred backs to a dis- (
nrruished United States Senator f
O ,"t
om Rhode Isl/iiid, (Mr. Sprague.) <
icy having been lashed by order of 1
Beers of their own Ivlan, because, j
hen ordered to shoot men marked i
r murder, they had, out of natural <
ity, "only whipped" the intended viems.
Those'who, with an air of in- f
gnation. and with a we!!-a fleeted i
>ncern for constitutional liberty and <
Staio sovereignty," demand" who i
is caused the military intervention c
the United States in the affairs of J
se State, may be justly referred to c
:e Ku Klu.t and their, organizers \
id aiders and abettors; for their c
iswer. }
In the foregoing remarks, I have .
luctantiy used political designations; \
uitrary to what I deem a propcrcus- t
m in ihe message of the Chief Mag- t
Irate of the.State, who, in his ofli- (
;il capacity, should know no party, c
.it I found this unavoidable, in treat- \
-P -1* L ! it. .1 _
g 01 meso great crimus, uiul sprang i
loly from political tauscs ; nor can I
gard mon loyal to the government c
ho set its laws at defiance, and iise t
cry means in their power to destroy I
?very existeueo. . !
THE TAX^rAYElts' CONVENTION. 1
In the month of May last, a highly
ppectablo body of citizens, styling i
cmselves ''The Tax-Payers' Conven- si
)n," assembled at tho State capital, ?
r the ostensible purpose of making L
quisition into the financial adminis- |
ation of the St .to. tfhey were far- j
shed every facility to prosecute their d
oposed investigation, and the books, $
cords und papers of. tho several c
ireaus in the Executive Department s
ere unreservedly .laid open to their I
spection. The result of this investi- <j
tion, prosecuted with greiit diliMice,
was, that they gave a reluc- i
nt confirmation, in the main, to tho e
fieial debt statement, which they j
id primarily assembled to discredit/, ji
Having boon requested by the con- t
;ntion, through its committee, to ex- c
nd tho tiino for the pa3Tment of tax- ?
i, in the cases of those .to whom it t
as not expedient-to pay, or who (
>uld not make payment within the <
rescribcd period, I informed them s
nit tho tax books would bo open in t
ovember for tho receipt of taxes, i
ill, in cases where parties are unable s
> pa)*, or could not pay without a i
tcrificc, I would extend tho time to (
[arch the first, without tho delin- 1
uent penalty attaching. Pursuant j
) my. protniso, I have directed the i
roper officers to grant an extension ]
i every such ease, that may bo ccrti- j
ed to them by the person asking it. !
MINORITY KWUKSKN'TATrON.
Tne subject of minority reprcsenta- ]
on engaged the .earnest attention of 1
^e 'Tax-payers' Convention," and \
icy presented many cogent reasons \
>r its. immediate adoption into the
loctive system of this State. In ae- ,
ordanco with my promise to them, I i
resent this important matter for your i
ravest consideration. i
I recognize tho principle or minority i
epresentation as both wiso and just
t secures to tho several party divis)ns
in the Slato a direct and proporional
representation in its adminision.
It thus institutes :t flieclc find bxil- i
nee against that injudicious oroppres
ive exercise of power that is too apt
3 ensue where its undivided possession
? held by a large party majority,
'lie advantages of the system have
ecn recently exemplified in practice
t elections in England and in the
tatcs of Pennsylvania and Illinois,
n those States, however, citizens diido
into parties upon questions mcrey
affecting tho State or national poliinci
an/1 enolr nnlv hv lixritimrifn
IW, J ~J ?
[leans to elevate to power the expoents
of their views. There no man's
iarty affiliation furnishes any just
resumption ngaiust his loyalty to his
ouritry, and no citizen who is loyal
*, for that cause, subjected to the
lazards of murder, exile and thola?h,
r the certainty of public and social
iroscription. liere, on the contrary,
he minority aro organized apon a
asis which pra-*' itally calls in qucs
tioa tho very principles, and the fi
damental lavv upon "which tho' Sti
and National Government repo
Tho end Kought by tho proposed s
tem could long since have been pv<
lically accomplished, but for the bitl
spirit of intolerance engendered a
fostered by party leaders of the op]
sition among thoir followers.
i have been at all times ready, as
well known, to co-operate with
moderate men. without rejrard
party afliliations, in /securing the el<
Lion to public office of those only w
ivero worthy and well qualified, i
)wn course in this regard has n
jnly been illustrated by thoExccuti
ippoiitments, but by the personal a
.hut I have invariably extended to e
irate to public position those nati
ivhites who, although classcd, at t
.ime, with the opposition, were gc
;lemcn of character and intclligcni
ind fair and temperate in their pol
cal views. In proof of this, 1 i
itanco, with great gratification, Ch
Fusticc Moses and Circuit Judges c
3ov. J. L. Orr, Green, Melton, Gi
lam and Farmer, (the last an ud in
ini Executive appointment, to whe
ilevation to the bench I gave my c<
lial support.) These gentlemen we
ill trusted and honored under the s
;icnt regime, and will compare favoi
)ly, in point of personal charact
ind capacity, with any citizqn iu t
state.
I submit, however, for your deli'o<
ite consideration, whether tho m
vho now demanding the eslablit
nent by la.w of the system of mini
ty representation, are entitled to.tl
let of magnanimity at your ham
[t is for you to determine whetli
,hc line of policy pursued by tlx
iinec the adjournment of the Ti
>aycrs' convention tends to comme
.he speedy adoption by you of
;Iective system which must large
ncreasc the number of those in t
joneral Assembly who arc hostile
>ur system of free government.
FREE COMMON SCIIOCLS.
Th-a State Superintendent of E(
;ation states that he had hoped to
iblo to submit, in a full and cotnpU
orm, his third annual report, L
ound several of'the annual repoi
)f the County School Commissioo<
so inexcusably defective, that he w
jompelled to return them for corn
.ion, and, on this account, the co
jletion of his report lias been ur
'oidably delayed. The fullowij
general statements arc presented :
Tim Kchnln?lif> nnnuliition of t
itatc, as shown by the census of 18(
5 as follow?: White males 40.95
olorod males 58,776; total m:i!
)9,732. Wlfilc females 41.210;. c
>red females 5G.207; total fenia
)7,447. Total white 82,19G; to
ojorcd 114,983; total scholastic pr
ilation, 1 SCO, 107,179. The vetur
)f this year will show a scholas
jopulation amounting, in the aggi
;ate, to more than 200.000. T
vliole nuinher'of pupils attending I
ree common schools of the State, f
lie scholastic year 1ST 1, is aho
7,008. The whole number of ft
otnmon schools in the State is 1 61
Che whole number of school disirh
n.the State is 4U2. '
The free common schools thron*
>ut the State are kept open about t
nonth^ in the year. The wholo nu
)cr of teachers employed in the pn
ic schools is as follows: Males 1.15
emales 705 ; total 1,855.
The average salary paid to teaclK
s ?33 per month. The following
in exhibit of the school funds of i
State. for the fiscal year ending Ocl
mt 31,1871: Regular legislative 'r
>ropriation $150,000,000; amount
>oll tax collccted, estimated at ?50,0(
IcfiV.ir.iir.tr nntirnnrl.'iI ion S40.000 : tol
>2-10,OoO. A majority of llio schc
lislrlels in the Slate lmve voted
chool tax, but tlio Superintende
uis no moansaof ascertaining the s
jregatc amount.
There is evidently a lack of intcrc
n the cause of lice common schc
iducation, and it is hoped that sor
iractical and simple pia i for raisi
i school revenue, by means of loc
axatlon, will bo speedily dovist
md that the people interested in x
general results of education w
hrough their personal influence, r
>xtonding means. A reasonable t
jrcc of progress, taking into due cc
lidcration the adversities and diflic
,ics encountered, has been aehicv
n the educational work during t
sr.t.olnulir. vnnr. The school filter
,WV,.j
mce for the year 1-S71 moro th
loublcs that of 1S70. The "sch<
aw," though not faultless, wiU 1
mil to produce vnry favorable resul
f it be properly enforced, and the S
pcrintendent testifies that the peoj"
ire gradually acquiring an interest
Jio cause of public schools.
It will bo noticed that $35 per raor
lias been paid to teachers, male a
female throughout tho Sh:te. I i
surprised at the high average of co
pensatiorr paid for this service, as1 it
well known that the qualifications
[i large portiou of these teachers woi
not enable them to earn over one-th
of the now received in any other '
nation they might adopt. It is t
duty of tho General Assembly to
terpose in the expenditure of the :
propriation for this purpose, and wli
advancing the means *of educati
limit the amount paid teachers to sn
a compensation as their services u'Oi
legitimately command. In the higl
grades of schools in our towns a
cities tho teachers who can fill I
situations are entitled to com pun
lion in proportion to their qiuilifi
tions; but iu the country schools, il
a well known fact that the tcachi
generally employed can do but lit
more than impart the rudiments o!
common school education, and ]
the}- rcceive tho pay of first cl,
teachers. This oxtravaganco in <.
bursing ilie appropriations for scho
is one of tho principal causes thate
barrasscs the Superintendent of E<
cation.
In no portion of tho United Stn
are school teachers regarded as be
lieiariesof the State, but they a<h
the vocation as a means of guinin:
livelihood, and in country places i
cust of living is a mere triflle, and I
compensation is proportionally
in- daccd. The sarao rule should be adopile
ted hero that prevails in other 6ecse.
lions of the country, ftnd School Comys-nnissjoners.
should give this their atue
tentfon, for my .personal knowledge,
ter very large and extravagant claims for
nd the services of teachers have been fa
jo- vorably acteci.upon by thejLegislaturo,
whereas the parties making the claims
is could not have earned twenty-five per
all cent, of the compensation demanded,
to thus robbing tho children who.needed
dc- tho benefit of the appropriation for
ho educational purposes. 1 trust this
iy matter will cngago your earnest atot
tention, as it must be patent to every
ve member of tho Legislature that the
lid foregoing is no exaggerated statement
le- of tHo waste- of public school funds,
vo .1 would further recommend tbq.t
he you memorialize Congress, through
sn- our Representatives, on the adoption
:q, of a -national syetom of education, and
itr more especially on the-subject of conin
trihuting means towards tho cducaief
tion of that class of children of the
!X- Southern States who have been hith-'
a- erto total I}'deprived of tho means .of
le- educi.tion, in pursuance of tho Con>se
stitution and laws of tho State and
ar- nation, in me cioso 01 .uiu rcuuub rure
bcllion, thoso held in slavery were
in- turned loose upon the. world with
ra neither education, or even houses to
;ei* shelter.
he them, but were left to tho mercy of
thoso who had but recently h'eld
?r- them in bondage. It could scarcely
en be expected that assistance would
sh- voluntarily bo tendered them by those
3t- who felt that a great wrong had been
lis inflicted on themselves by tho loss of
Js. this class of legal property. They
tor have, therefore, before them years of
in; struggling and hardship, before they
ix- can, unaided, succeed ia educating
nd their children, and prepare them for
ati tho duties of citizenship. A national
fly* system of education, supported , by
ho tho General Government, would seto
cure equal advantages to all classes
of children.
TI1K LUNATIC ASYLUM.
Iu- The report of the Board of Kegents
be of the Lunatic Acylum, including the
;te annual repot t of the Superintendent
ml and' Physician, communicates much
-ts valuablo and interesting lnrormation
>rs in relation to this important institua8
tion. And the valuable suggestions
L>c- of the Superintendent are earnestly
m. recommended to tho attention of the
ia- Legislature. Tho I'events spealc of
Air the Superintendent (.Dr. Ensor) as
having during the past year, effected
he many long needed reforms in tho afj9,
fairs of the Asylum, and by his inG;
telligent and- untiring exertions, made
Ic.s very decided improvements in its
ol- various departments, and thus con*
los tributed largely to the comfort of his
tal charge. ,,
>p. The various statistical tables reus
for ring to tho operations and conditio
tion of the Asylum are full and satis1*0
factory. Tho nu/hber of patients
he admitted during tlie year was 125, of
he which 81 were males and 54 females,
or The number of patients in the Asyut
Ium, October ol, 1STI, was 370?
oc whites, 295; colored, 75; 185 males,
59. and 187 ietuales; of whom 50 were
discharged cured. 10 imnroved. 3 un
improved and 32 died. The supposrh.
cd causes of insanity of tho patients
ix admitted during the year was: heredm.
itary. 12-; epilepsy, 10 ; consumption,
[j}. 5; intemperance, 5; domestic trouble,
0-5: child-birth, 5; congenial, 6; masturbation,
4; typhoid fever, 3; mcrs
nengitis,2; eating opium, 2; injuries
is' to head, 2; uterine disease, 2; soften[)0
ing of the brain, 2; hepatic derango[0.
ment, 2; heart disease,.2; and there
tp_ were one each of syphilis, influence
0f of puberty, exposure in the army,
)0; malarious poisoning, cancer, prcgnantal
CJ'? suspension of menses, bad health,
,ol unknown. Tho form of insanity in
a patients admitted during* the year
nt was: Acute mania, 16; chronic mania
{(f. 11; puerp6r:tl mania, 5 : dementia 20;
imbecility, 11; epilepsy, 11: melan
>st cholia, 14; idiocy, 7; delusional in-1
,o 1 sanity, 20; monomania, 2; hysterical
nc mania, 3; dypomania. 1dw
A larger number of patients have
;:l[ been admitted than in any previous
;d, year, and the whole number under
he treatment during the year was greater
il)j than ever before. The receipts of the
tid Asylum have been, from patients, $9,le
824.78; from tho State Treasurer;
m- 834,000; total &43,S24.7S; ihdebtedul.
ne.5S of the institution, on aec-ount of
c.j this year's transactions, ?21,271.48.
he With this brief resume, I must refer
ul. you to the reports of the Board of Rean
gents and Superintendent for a more
)o] detailed statement of the affairs of the
iot Asylum. Some important suggestions
t.st have.made, which space does not per
3u-1 mit mc to notice at length. 1 must
)!e say, however, in-providing the tiecesin
sitry appropriations to extend gtlie
usefulness of this huniano institution,
itli 113 recomniended by its officers, I feci
nd i it my duly to caution you against
,\m making more liberal appropriations
m- than the income of the State at pros-,
; js' ont justifies.
of i THE SOUTH CAROLINA PENITENTIARY,
ild I The Board of Directors of the South
ifd Carolina Penitentiary furnishes the
i*o- annual report of the Superintendent
he I of the institution, with its accompaxn_|
nying exhibits, showing fully and sat-,
ap jisfactorily its practical workings. 1
lilo i regret.that the lato hour at^which it
furnished nreeltidcs a more ox
uu, I . - t
iI'll1 hauslivc analysis of its contents, which
aid! throw much light on the workings of
)cr this institution, r.o important not only
nd 'to tho material interests of the State,
.he!but 10 'l,c moral and industrial intersa
(!Sts ofll s inmat.es. I can do but litca
tie more*than refer you to this report,
is'and call your attention to its recom3i?s
j mendations.
tie ! The expenditures of the Penitenf
nj'.iary for the year ending October 15, j
,'et! 1S70, for all purposed amounted to
assiS 101,134.02, and tho valuo of work:
lis- done and manufactured articles prools'dueed,
to 008,020 02, which leaves $5,-:
:m-|o58 as the actual cost to the-State of|
Ju-'its Penitentiary, an exhibit which re-j
I fleets much credit upon the Superin-j
tes'tendent and Board of Directors fur
no-itlio efficient management 01 me msu>pt
union, as well as to their subordinates,
a lor tin; >kill and zeal with which they
flic clii'ecteil their labors.
Lho | On the 15th day of October, 1S70,
re- the Penitentiary contained 317 in
mates; received under sentence since
231; recaptured, 9?total during th<
year, 558; from which were discharg
ed by expiration of sentence, 69 ; par
doned, 153; died, 13; escaped 13?248
number now in confinement, 309
whereof 301 are males and 8 females
Two of the latter have each a child
? e ?- i -
vijvj ui ?uii/ii nuo uuin a onviu viun
after the mother's arrival. The evil
adverted to in the Superintendent,'
last report, of imprisoning women ii
a penal institution unprovided will
facilities and conveniences nepessar^
for an absolute separation of the jBexes
are still unabated, and it is earnestly
hoped that tbpy may be provided fo
in some appropriate asylum. *,
< The estimates accompanying th<
Superintendent's report, which h<
claims will admit of no abatement, fo
salaries, materials, clothing &c., ag
^regatos in the neighborhood of $130,
000. In addition to which, there ii
actual deficiency of $17,457, the items
and the necessity for the expenditun
of which are explained. The e'rec
tion of peumanent work-sEops is o
imperative necessity for the wclfar*
and true prosperity of ihe institution
The timo is rapidly approaching whei
tho unskilled labor now utilized mus
be dispensed with, and the force nov
so employed will have to be otherwis
occupied, by gradually instruct^
iiiuill Hi tuv; iiivuiiuiiiv; ai to ttj;p upi jui
to an institution of this kind ; and, i
provision is not mado in time fo
teaching tho inmates theseindustriei
much will bo incurred by the Stat<
and disease and demoralization resul
to the convicts. N . ;
It will bo seen from tho abovo tabl
thrt 153 convicts have been pardonc
during tho past year. Of these, eighty
fivo were pardoned on the recommet
dations-of presiding Junges and th
petitions of numerous gcod citizens c
the Counties in ^hich they were coi
victcd, and sixty-eight, when within
few days of the expiration of.thei
sentences, for god conduct..
Tho whole number of pardon
granted bjv me docs not exceed th
number granted by my predecessor
for the same period when compare
with tho number of conviction
Moreover, unaer previous auraim
trations, the penalties for petty, o
fences were not as severe as they ai
now, there being th?n no penitentii
ry system of imprisonment at bar
labor.
LIBRARY AND CAPITOL BUILDING/
I call your attention to the recon
mcndatiousr of the State Librariai
who has charge of tho capitol an
grounds, many of which are iropc
tant, such as tho required repairs t
tho roof of the capitol and fencing <
tho grounds. I must say, howevc
in all matters that relate to appropr
ations that are of no immediate n<
cessity, tho expenditure of publi
money should bo avoided. .
FERTILIZERS.
Tho report of tho Inspector <
Guanos and Fertilizers shows a largi
Iy increased production of phospha
ic manures, and largely cxp.mde
facilities for collecting them. Th
total productions of the phosphati
beds of South Carolina, for the jTea
both land and river, has been 45,00
J tons, and d'iring the same period 15
000 tons of comrnmercial fertilizer
havo been manufactured in Chai
leston. The demand for phosphati
rock has increased in foreign znai
kets, but at homo, in consequence c
the diminished domestic consumptior
has; at best remained stationary. Th
Inspector states that the advanc
toward a higher standard in qualit
still continues, and his laboratory ha
been equipped with a complcto oui
fit of apparatus, chemicals and spe<
irnens, drawn lrom tho best Europea
and American sources, and suffieien
for investigation in all department
of analytical chemistry.
STATE ORPHAN ASYLUJI,
? i' l!.t 'A- ,
'J. lie luto nour at wnicn uiu rejjui
of tlie Board of Trustees of th
Stato Orphan Asylum, at Gharlesto:
was roceivc?l, renders it impossibli
for mo to do more than call tho al
tention of tho General Assembly t
its recommendations and suggestions
This institution is deserving the fot
teringcaroof the State, ot it shelter
and provides for a large number c
orphan, who would otherwise bo lef
011 tho cold charities of the world, t
bccomo victims of vieo and immoi
lalily.
TI1E BLUE- RUJOE RAILROAD.
. This road, in which both the Stat'
and tho city of Charleston has hai
so largo an interest in stock,has beci
tho subject of anxiety on the parte
both the Legislature and the people
The depreciation in Stato finanoe
has rendered the bonds endorsed b;
the State almost valueless, so jar a
tho State guarantee was concernet
After consulting many prominen
business men, who favored the plar
I recommended to the Sinking Funi
Commission the propriety of dispoi
ing of the State slock to a privat
corporation, which project was cai
ried into effect on the22d day of Jt
jly last, the new company agreeing t
pay all floating debts of the roat
together with one dollar per sharo t
the State for the stock, and ?50,00
to tljc Stato on the completion of th
road, tho whole to bo completed with
in five years. It is a well-establishei
j fact, that the public enterprise can b
managed more economically by a pr
i vate corporation than by a common
j wealth, as, in the latter case, sac!
entcrpri-so are at all times subject t
! the bak'ful influence of politics,
believe this company will complet
1 the road in accordance with thei
j agreement.
ELECTION LAW.
I must urge on the General Aescn
the necessity of making some change
?- ii ? l ^
in iiiu ciuuuuu nitw| iii uruer iu civn
the door against the charge of oft'ei
ing opportunity for tho practice c
'fraud in giving so long a period b(
j tween receiving tho ballots and th
I time for counting them. Tho ballol
[box should be carefully guarded i
I every respect, as*in its purity rests th
(foundation of Republican institution
and the liberties of the people.
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OP TII
INDEPENDENCE OP THE UNITED
STATES.
????????????or.
* < iif tmt '
i, I respectfully Biibmit, for the appro^? J
s priate action, the following document * f'i
f'aora the' Governor of Pennsylvania;,
- in reference to the commemoration / * 3
; ab Philadelphia, in the year 1876>,of
! iha nonfon niftl
, w?w wvuuviiuiai auuiTgioarj Ul HIU iir *f'
dgpendence of ths United States: , m
I, Executive Chamber, *
a Harmsbubg, Penn., March 29, 18yij
s To Hit Excellency Robetrt K. Scott, Gov- . ;.^?|
8 ernor of South Carolina. ? '
i Deaf Sib: Permit me to invito
i your attention to the following joint ?
j resolution of the General Assembly ' 'vr
i, of Pennsylvania, approved March %
j 1871, to wit.: * *' *& ' (' A
r "That Ae Governrr, and three pen 'SA
sods appointed by him, Wm. A. Wal? -\
s lace and James H. Webb, 6peaker of : v.
3 the Senate and House, with threo
?? mAm Knno /n-PuoaU a t- - T ?
- luuuiubiD ui buvu umuvu Ul VUtJ Aitfg* :.;fT
- islatnre, to be appointed by the Speafcy -, /. . *
- ers of the Senate and House respect;
b ieely, shall be a commitee of.the State
3 of Pennsylvania, to co-operate "witn^^
i Committees from other States," and lp-' .u.^
' cal committees, upon the subject # of , lt.
f the centennial celebration, at Philf^
3 delphia, in the year 1876; said com
mittee to stand until that time, and tO V #
n report at each intervehingLegisIature,'
t and make such suggestions and recom- ''
f mendations, from time to time, to tho *
e Legislature, as they may think pro-'r '
? per and expedent in reference to! said 'if*
e J P.Antftnninl ?> .
w.vwiftviVM. *
if CXno of tbo most prominent object?
r oftbis resolution iB to perfect the noc-r^41'
essary preliminary organization at the : . '
earliest practicable date, and to gatb*
t or all necessary information and mar^l >u :
terial to facifitato the operation ofr
e the United States Board of Commis- {>,!> - ""'i
d sioners, to be appointed by the, Presw yfi:A
r- dent of the United States, upon tho< .r
i- recommendation of the Governors x>? -,\i <
o the different State and Territories, in ."^i
>f accordance with an Act of Congress
i- "to provide for celebrating the oj^ v "
a hundredth anniversary of American*
i" independence, by holding an interna*ui#4
tional exhibition of arts, manufactured*1*
3 and products of the soil and'ifiihe^lR.'7"! "I
? the city Philadelphia and Bta|s; of
J 4. cuuo^y i\in vuu joui xqi*
d It is desired and intended ; that 4hi? ;iii!ri
9- centennial celebration, shall be1, tiWj *> ?
s- grandest affair thai , "has ever
place, and it is highly important) that i!lio
'c every possible means shall be employ? \i'p
ed for the attainmont of that object* J.-,ii
d I therefore ffiostrespealtfttlfy ro^ueet <>??
" and recommend that. you direct thte> V
attention of your Legislature* to th.e.j,^*
l' importance of appointing a special, #uii
committee, at its earliest convenienc^;**hr t
d to eo-operate with the committed\ofii'?rt> ?/#|?
)r Pennsylvania, in conformity with ttftr ' V [ ^
0 provisions of the joirtt resolution .<>?''
the General Assembly of this CommpiVi
r> wealth. Yerv resoectfully, owvr
f-( (Signed) " JOHN W.'GBAET. i 3*
I also invito your attention to
c Act of Congress, (statutes at lar&'e,"
volume 16, page 470,) on the above, ^
subject. South Carolina Leloginre ofTjSA X^?t
? the original States, It is my opinion
B* that she shonld represented by .
fc- cial committee,;.. '
P CONCLUSION. , . )[% , j-X .
ie In conclusion, gentlemen of the Gen- J
c ral Assembly, I dare to express my
r> earnest hope that in all your deliberav' I '
0 tipn, you will remember that - the1.
r path of safety is the path of duty. X huii
8 I trust and believe that yoaJroll >Aivt
so legislate in the interests OftttooT
c whole people of the State as toproTS trw
r" to the country at large that Republic; ,*
canism and good government in Sout^ jr
Carolina are not, as is falsely aliege^ K-. v
0 inconsistent with such othor. . . . . <t
e ROBERT IL SCOTT..ntiJ
7 Govornqir.^q
'S 1 .. ,****;.
1 SHERIFFS SALE. , >,
? State of South Carolina^
s ^AJbbeville County. --*
IN THE COURT OF PROBATE: '
, ? . * I ' i . /
t Mary E. Sullivan, against John *C.
e Chiles. .-Ifc.
n. Proceedings in Partition;
3 - i . . ill * ?i'
BY virtue of the order of the Judge .*>
of Probate in the above easel
s. will sell at Abbeville Court House, on
>- ihe FIRST MONDAY in JANUARY, j j,
? next, within the legal hours. The 7 ;;
if real Estate of YW P. Sullivan, dee'd. 0f't
consisting of . , ^ '
300 and Twenty Acres,
of land moro or lesst situated in said
county, on waters of Rocky creek and [ll.'
o Long Cane, bounded by lands of Tyra * *'
d Jav, Jauo -Uavis, r. j. Wiute ana
n others.
>f TERMS?One-half of the purchase
5. money to bo paid in cash. The bal- ''
8 ance on a' credit of Twelve months, '
y with interest from date of sale, tho
,8 purchaser to give Bond with approved
J, 8ecurcty. Titles not to bo delivored
t until the purchaso woney is fully
i, paid. ' d
HENRY S. CASOU",
s- Sheriff Abbeville County. "
Q Sheriff's Office. ") Nov.
30, 1871fc j 33?4t
l- 1 ' >.!;
? - SHERIFFS SALE. ' '
1,1 ?
?0 State of South Carolina, <
0 . uA-bheville County.
'* IN THE COURT- OF PROBATE.
j
? Zylphia E. McCurry, against Sally Mc'
Curry and others,
^ Proceedings in Partition.
-
" T>Y virtne of tbo order of Judge
1 jQ of Probate in the above cas?, I >
e will sell at Abbeville Court House, on
r SALEDAY in JA2*UAKY, next,
within the legal hours, all the real Estate
of Seaborn McCurry, deceased, *
* * f* a _ * _ /
situated iu sum uouniy, consisting 01
o Fifty Acres
> of land, more or less, and bounded by
lands of Thos. J. Hill. Dr. John Bell,
John Dickson and others,
o TERMS?-Cash,
t- HENRY S. CASON
n S. A. C. . ,
/> ou?r\ec ->
~ OIIIM111 o vyrnuo. r
S Nov. 30, 1871J 33?3t.
E If }*oii go to Kaphan
Storo the will sell you goo^
than in any other Store.