Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1828-1839, June 10, 1837, Image 2
tfeireprobation oCthe humane ami'just of all j
eiriftzad nations. - Qnr abhorrence to it, is
cleeriy expressed^ <rtirco|pt>tu?#n and laws.
x ffor has it rested alone upon t4ti declaration
t <jf our poli||^ buftfias long sincere en a subject
of representation to tiio Government of the
United- States, our ministers appr sing it of
ev? ry fact Jyhich would enable it to devise
sucti ; meang^s woujd prevent either the iand
oF^ricaos into our coun
try. . / A
. ^Phe navtl "force of Texas, not being in a
sitiratjo^-lo be diverted from our immediate
defcnq^ sufficient reason why the
Goverynqp t of the United States and England,
j>rrt^i^?tDpIoy such a portion of their force in
the Gulf, as will'at-Once arrest the accursed
trtiftf redeem this republic from the sus
picion of connivance, which would be as detri
mental to its cl aracter, as the practice is
repugnant to the feeling* of its citizent. ?
Sqcwd the traffic continue, the odium cannot
rest upon us, but will rerrain a blot upon the
C^cotch" oft of nations who have power, and
witfrtold their hand from the work of hurnanU
^._Tr
It* will be proper to remark that our attitude
m reUtion to the subject of annexation to the
&. bt America, has undergone no important
change since the adjournment of the last s es?
; wdn of TJongress. Our ministers at Wash*
ingtoo City gave to tlie subject of our national
(JorfCerna^cir able, zealous and untiring, at teri
ikm,andmach credit is due to them for the char
acterwhiph they sustained in advocating our in
at a foreign court. The period at which
the Congress of the United States was com
Detledlo adjourn, prevented any action of that
^vegnfoent, relative to annexation. It will it
is hoped, bo referred to the action of the next
sefs.Oh, and receive its early determination.
" lathe mean time it will be proper for Texas
to pursue a course of f olicy which will be ben
eficial lo her 1a a character substantive, and to
settire her existence and her rights, without
reference to contingencies. For it is not pos
ishle to determine what are to be her future rela
tions tothe civilized nations of the globe. Bles
aed|with a soil the most fertile,and climate the
most delightful and salubrious, Texas must
attract the attention of the whole commercial
and manufacturing nations of the world.
t Her cotton, sugar, indigo, wines, peltries,
Ifye . stock and the precious minerals will all
become objects of mercantile enterprise and
acuity.
.Nor can we lose sight of the important pro.
duction of the live oak. It is but reasonable
to say thai four fifths of all that species of lim
ber, now in the world, is to be found growing
ia Texas, while many millions worth of it is
daily decaying on oar cultivated fields.
To establish such intercourse with nation
friendly to us, as will induce them to seek our
market with their manufactures and common
(Hties, and receive from us in exchange our
productions, will become our most imperative
. . ,
Texas with her superior natural advantages
must become a point of attraction, and the
policy of establishing with her the earliest re
atiocs at friendship and commerce will not
esdtpe theeyeof statesmen.
jfftgland has not disregarded our situation
thus far, nor can we believe from the indica
ti^ps already manifested by her, that she is to
regard our prosperity with unkind feelings of
susptctoaor indifference.
Should our resources be regulated by a wise
and politic system of legislation, we must
" independent and become a prosper
Obr relations to Mexico since the last ses
sion of Cpogressjiave undergone no important
change* have over. ures been made by eith
er nation. ..
Texas, confident that she can sustain the
rights for which she has contended, is not
willing to invoke the mediation of other pow
ers; while Mexico, blind to her interest and
her future existence, seems determined on
protecting the war, without regard to her
internal commotions. Revolution is stalking
abroad throughout her land, while she is una.
b!e to defend her frontier against the incursions
of the bands of predatory Indians on the fron
tier o? the &io Grande fiom Santa Fe to
Matamoros* Earl} in last winter a correspon
dence was opened by the Secretary of State
with the Mexican Consul at ^Jew Orleans,
containing propositions to exchange prisoners,
sa &r as the number of Texians would extend,
and- then to release the excess of Mexican
prisoners on parole.
?Notwithstanding the humanity and liberali
ty of this oiFer, it has met no official response
f rom that government, it seemed to me, that
it wod^bn in accordance with the civilization
oftht age, to. release ail the prisoners, and to
permit them to leave our shores so soon as
they- can do so. In the meantime I have
learned that our citizens, as well as the prison
ers, at Matamoras, (amounting to thirteen in
number,) have been liberated. - It is impossible
for me to account for the apathy with which
Mexico treated the subje;t^nu her willingness
lo permit a portion of the bravest troops of the
nation to remain prisoners in exile, when a just
policy would at once have restored them to
their country and their homes.
Congress will no doubt find it necessary to
revise the laws of the Republic, and to direct
ibat a digest be made of those of Coahuaia
and Texas so far as they may be useful to the
establishment of rights acquired, under them.
It will be seen that the adoption of the com
mon law of England, with modifications adapt
ed to owr situation, is required by the provisions
of the constitution. . . , .
Nothing can conduce more to the order and
stability of a government than the simplicity
?flaws, the proper definition of rights, and
their impartial and consistent administration.
1 will not close th s communication to your
honorable body, without presenting to your
consideration, the c'aims of citizens of the
United Slates who acquired, as they conceive
ed, boaa fide titles to lands in Texas.
It iff due to many of those individuals, to
suggest, that their gen rous and manly efforts
in behalf of our cause, will entitle them to the
most favorable decisions of congress.
Their means have aided us in the darkest
Sours of our probation, and recently have aid
ed rn dispelling our embarrasments. Such
men deserve the gratitude, as well as the jus
tice of our country.
While reflecting upon the dispensations of
an Almighty Being, who has conducted our |
Uiiough scenes of unparaleiled priva
;ion, massacre and* suffering, it is but gratitude
and sensibility v to- render to him our most de
vout thanks, and invoke his- kind benignity and
foiu/e paseidenee, that he wiH preserve and
I'overn us as a chosen people.
SAM. HOUSTON.
Houston, May 5, 1837.
?? - i
Tfce Globe wonders why the immense quan- j
tity of speete aw this country cannot circulate
in seasous of pressure like the present, *w
stead of circulating" m prosperous times when
;{?*re is less* occasion for it. The Globe is
.iboot as wise as the negro who broke his shin
against a post in a dark nighU *4 wonder,1*
V*d Sambo, "why de sun no shine dis dark
ng?*nd not always keep shining in de day
t nie do need bim:" ? Louis
iiile Sow
From the Charleston Mercury.
LOUISVILLE, CINCINNATI AND CHARLES
TON RAIL ROAD.
In answer to a call for information through
the columns of the Mercury , signed ''Many
Stock holders*" the President, and such of'the
Directors as are now in this city, have the
honor to state for the information of the Stock- I
| holders generally.
1st. That Major McNeill, a. id CapL Wil
! the Chief, and Associate Engineers,
\ were appointed, not by the President and Di
' rectors, but by th?- unanimous vote of the Com
pany, at the meeting of the Stockholders, held
| at Knoxvilie, in January last.
2d. It has nor been decided, that the Chief
| Engineer "is to receive $20,000 per annum
! for occasional services ? his Associate about
one half that sum ? and the President and Di
? vision Subordinates, in proportion ?" The
j compensation of the Chief and Associate En
! gineers is to be fixed by the company at their
' meeting at Flat Hook in October next, when
the services to be performed by these officers
will be defined, and prescribed, and their sa
laries established. Tiie Board in directing the
Chief Engineer to make the proper organiza>
t:on of the Corps, directed, "that in fixing the
grade and compensation of the Assistants, lie
will use a sound discretion, and observe as
much economy as is consistent with securing
the services of the persons fully competent to
the task.** It was furshec resolved, "tbat the
Board of Directors do not feel themselves au*?
thorized to fix definitively the compensation of
any of the officers until the meeting of the
Company on the 3d Monday in October next,
out that the Chief engineer in concurrence
with the President, may agree on a reasonable
compensation, subject to the approval of the
Company, and that with respect to the com
pensation of the Chief Engineer, no final ar>
rangement can be made until ihe meeting of
the Company,"
The President receives no salary , and his
services to the Company, whether important or
otherwise, have so far not cost the Company one
cent .
As to "the Assistants/' Major McNeill is
now engaged in organizing and arranging 1 hem
into a Corps, and assigning them suitable I
compensation, subject to the approval in the
fcrst instance of the President and Directors,
and finally to the Company, as above mention
ed. Major McNeill has been expressly in
structed to perform this duty with the strictest
regard to economy , consistent with the efficient
performance of the important duties required
of these officers, and no doubt is entertained,
that the arrangements which will be made in
this respect will be satisfactory to the Stock
holders.
These answers embrace, it is believed* all
the information called for by "Many Stock*,
holders.' The truth is, that nothing has been
done, which was not expressly ordered by the
Company, at their meetiog last October, when
a large majority of the Stock was represented,
and almost every question was decided by an
unanimous vote. At that meeting it was de
cided, that no call for any instalment should
be made, and that nothing further should be
done,until the meeting in October next, except
to organize the several Brigades of Engineers,
and to cause all the routes to he surveyed, "so
as to be ready to report on the final location
of the road, at the next meeting of the Com
pany,"
To these duties, the President and Direc
tors have strictly confined their attention. ?
Instruments have been procured,the surveying
parties have been for some time in the field, and
the work is going on industriously and satis
factorily.
The President wil here further state, that
while lit has felt himself constrained to accept
the office, from, an assurance that no other ar
rangement satisfactory to the Stockholders
generally, could be made, he shall be ready to
surrender his trust on the slightest iitfimation
that he does not enjoy their entire confidence.
With regard to compensation, he is perfect
ly willing to leave it to the Company to say.
whether he shall serve them gratuitously , or
otherwise?and he should certainly not ex >ect
or requite what any "Stockholders" could" pos
sibly regard as unreasonably. The President
is free to confess, however, that in porta nt as
he deems the great enterprize, of connecting
the city of Charleston with the West by a Rail
Road to be, he would abandon it at once in
despair, if he .could be induced to believe that
the President and Directors, instead of being
upheld and supported by the Stock holders, were
to be watched with a jealous spirit and looked
upon with suspicion. If instead of beingsustain
ed by that generous confidence, which is essen
tial to the succes of all great enterprises, they
are to encounter distrust* it is easy to foretel
the result. In the present circumstances of
the country, nothing can be easier than to
shake public confidence in any great work. ?
It is not to be concealed, that tne difficulties
before us, are well calculated to paralize the
energies ofthe community. Many Rail Roads
have been already suspended, others it is
known cannot he much longer carried on. It
may therefore happen, that our great Rail
Road may share the fate of others. We have
so far, however, advanced prosperously, and
our present condition is peculiarly fortunate!
The objectionable provisions introduced by
Kentucky into the charter, have been repealed
by her Legislature, and the amendment pro
posed by South-Carolina adopted!
The Act passed by the Legislature of
South Carolina, conferring Banking Privi
leges on the Company, has been concurred
in by North -Carolina, and wants but the as
sent, either of Tennessee or Kentucky to be
carried into effect. Such a Bank if now es
tablished. would furnish the means for an
extensive commercial intercourse between the
South and West. Indeed, it is not easy to
perceive how this trade can be carried on
otherwise than by means of Bills of Exchange
and Bank Notes, drawn and issued by an In
stitution having corporate existence in several
States.
In the mean time, our Brigades of Engineers
are ail organized, and in active and successful
i operation along the whole line, executing sur
veys directed by the Stockholdors. At their
| meeting in Knoxvilie, the Company informed
the D.rectors that on these surveys "too much
attention could hardly be bestowed;" that "a
hasty and inconsiderate decision may save
present expenses, but it may be followed by
the expenditure of millions to overcome diffi
culties which might at first have been avoided;
they regard it therefore as a true economy , to
incur in the first instance all the expense
which may be necessary to a complete exa
mination and survey of the whole ground,
bf the most skilful and experienced Engi
neers*"
The-time that must necessarily elapse before
these surveys can be properly executed; will,
we trust,, enable- the country to> revive from its
present embarrasments* No fucthe* instal
ments will be called ibr;, until this chaoge shall
be produced in Che condition of the country,
and: the practicability and cost of the Road
shall be clearly ascertained, In that event,
with a subscription ot one million of dollars on
! the pant of South-Carolina, and two-thirds ot
the expense ofthe Road within her own limi ts,
assumed by the State of Tennessee, for which
she fctanda pledged with a B?.uk having a
coporate existence in three or more States,
we should certainly have a reasonable prospect
of success. At all events, it is to bo hoped
that no premature abandonment of the enter
prise?no jealoud spirit of distrust? no *iespon ?
dency ? but above all no groundless-^ijputntion
of unworthy motives, will be allowed to disturb
that hannonv, defeat those efforts, and paralize
tiiose energies on which the success of the
work entirely depends. Let us not too soon
despair of the country, nor the true means of
restoring the prosperity and securing the hap*
pinees of' the people.. . ' I
ROBERT Y. HAYNE,
President Louisville, Cincinnati and
? Charleston Rail Road Company.
Charleston, May 31, 1837.
FREE SCHOOL OF SCULPTURE.
To the State Authorities.
F. PETTR1CH, Sculptor, being perma
nently established in the City of Washington,
would inform the constituted authorities of the
several States of the Union, that it is his ins
tentiou to open a Free School of Sculpture
and Statuary in the Metropolis of the United
States. With a view, therefore, to the crea
t on of a Seminary of native artists on the na?
tive soil, he invites the selection of one youth
from each State of the Union, to be designated
by the Governors respectively, it will be
required, in every instance, that the candidate
be a native American, of good natural abilities,
between the ages of fifteen and seventeen. ?
It is also desirable that he shall have received,
at least, as such education as is usually given
in the ordinary schools ot the country.
F. Pettrich engages thoroughly to instruct
twenty-six pupils, without any remuneration, in
the art of Sculpture and its adjuncts. The
only care of the student will be to provide for
his personal maintenance, during the term of
six years: this period will be amply sufficient
to give him a theoretical anJ practical know
ledge of the noble art of Phidias and Michael
Angeio.
It is within the range of possibility that
some youth may be found, richly gifted by
Nature, but precluded, by the force of circum
stances, from availing himself of this offer,
such F. Pettrich would recommend to the gen
erous and enlightened assistance of the patrons
of genius and the friends of the arts, barely
suggesting that their munificent aid m ght
foster some high, but unfriended intellect ?
some latent, but commanding mind ? in the
mastery of an art, which, in the rapid advan
ces of this country, is distined to constitute a
| marked feature ix> the intellectual character of
the nation. Republics ? and history warrants
the assertion ? have ever given the proudest
specimens of proficiency in the arts. Next to
the examples of lofty virtue and the memory
of patriotic deeds, the b-*st legacy which a
nation may hand down to their posterity is the
living features of those whose lives have been
a series of triumphs in the cause of freedom
and patriotism.
For the purpose, therefore, of givinga new
direction to the quick and creative genius of
America, the mature consideration and friend
ly aid of the lovers ofthfe country are earnestly
solicited. All communications, or calls for
information, postpaid , will meet with prompt
attention. ?
Direct ? Washington City, to Ferdimand
Pettrich, Sculptor.
0^7" The School will be opened irl the be
ginning of October next.
Editors throughout the Union, favorably in
clined to the arts, are requested to give the
above a few uisejtions.
New York, May 31.
The Remedy. ? We begin to dispair of the
Republic. VVith all our confidence in the en
ergies, the enterprise and resources of . our
countrymen, we fear that the four years reign
of corruption, empiricism and ignorance which
is yet before us, will suffice to sink us to the
lowest depth of national misery, as we are al
ready at the lowest point of national degrada
tion. So far from shrinking back from the
frightful spectacle of the ruin their evecrable
policy has brought upon the country; the ad
ministration is assuming a tone ot dictatorial
lecklessness, in the midst of the agonizing
struggles of their victims, which it is absolute
intolerable to contemplate. That precious by
organ of the government, the Globe, is daily
growing more insolent in proportion as the dif
ficulties of the people increase, and instead of
the subdued tone which it manifested when the
catastrophe first took place, and it invited a
suspension of parly ho tilities in the common
calamity, ? it now urges an eternal war upon
the commerce and industry of the nation. ?
Delenda est Carlhagot is its motto. The mer
cantile community must be utterly prostrated
and annihilated before the principles of the
administration can be said to have fully tri
umphed. The "rag barons," as the court
phrase is, meaning thereby all who own bank
stock or trade in bank bills, it declares must
be exterminated, before the golden age which
its masters have promised us, can be expeeted.
Its ravings upon this subject are so purely
absurd that if it were not for the diabolical
and fiendish malignity by which it is actuated,
which is not attempted to be concealed, we
should regard it as a favorable omen to the
country that such miserable dri veilings, such
contemptible and sickening fooleries, were
patronized by the administration, ? confident
that it must end in their entire and irretrieva
ble overthrow. But alas! for poor human na
ture ? aud the fickle tenure of human liberty.
Backed by the det stable malignity which is
constantly appealing in the name of democra
cy to the worst passions and the lowest igno??
ance, it is evident that the contest is still to
be carried on as fiercely as ever against all
i the pursuits of enterprise and industry. The
me. ting of Congress, compulsory as the call
was, is to be the signal for new "experiments."
Already we are told by this official expositor of
the intentions and views of tin; cabinet, that
the Government -can manure its own collec
4 o
: t ons and disbursements, without any recourse
to the banks of all. That it can by means of
the collectors of the revenue, compel the re
sumption of payments h the ''constitutional
currency" ? that its "drafts" on the collectors
will answer all the purpose of remittance; and
that in short it will be its own banker, in spite
of the "rang barons" and "Biddle's bank "the
fraudulent merchants" and all the other ene
mies of the "hard money system." And this
is the hopeful "remedy" which thegovemment
offers to a suffering, insulted, derided and de
luded p;ople, for the ruin it has brought upon
them.
Now, if upon the appearance of that most
wicked and fatal 'specie circular' ? we predict
ed in the strongest language, the perturbations
and the catastrophe which followed ? if we
then entreated and conjured the Executive to
retrace that Step ? we do now with even more
confidence prophesy that the 'remedy' here
announced by the official organ, will, if a ma
jprity of Congress can be servile and ignorant
euough to pass such a bill, overturn the whole
financial system and currency of the country,
and in less than six months after the first at
tempt to enforce it, bury the Government in the
ruins it has itself made. Of all the insane
projects .that- have ye! been started by our cur
rency doctors at Washington, this is the most
insane ant}: destructive. Sureiy they have one
and all eatened of the insane root,todare to pro- ;
pose such a 8chem to an impoverished ? in a \
few montbir, we fear we shall have t.? add ? a
desperate- people. Yes ? at the very moment j
when tiie wretched authors of all our calami- j
ties ou?ht to-fly to the wilderness, and hide ,
themselves from the popular contempt and i
indignation that has overtaken them, they are <
proposing new and more cruel tortures for the j
community. This attempt to insulate the j
Government from the common lot of the citi- '
zens, by compelling payment to them in gold
and silver, is so much worse than any and all j
the other schemes that they have heretofore
engendered, that we shall but feebly characte- |
rize its tendency, when we say that if it shall j
be carried into effect by a subservient House of ?
Representatives, and a self degraded majority j
in the Senate, the last knell of our national
prosperity will have been sounded. That will
indeed be a triumph of the hard money system,
which will prostrate all other systems and in*
terests, except the system of corruption and
unbounded despotism. The effects of it, if
submitted to, will be to reduce our country tc
the level of Spanish poverty and degradation.
Why, even Spain. would revolt at such op
pression. We shall, hereafter, point out more
particularly in detail, the inevitable conse
quence of the daring innovation winch it is
proposed to introduce into our system of Gov
ernment. If it is persisted in, the blood be
upon the heads of tne inventors. We shall
then have left but one other 'remedy,' which,
think God, has once proved effectual, and may
again, if we are not slaves fit to be bought and
sold? (Jour. Enq.
From the Richmond Whig.
O^T Every brainless parasite in the land
echoes and re-echoes the cry of the knavish
leaders of the Administration party, that "over
trading is the cause of the evils which now af
flict the country." This charge of overtrad
ing cannot apply to every business tnan in the
community ? yet ev< ry one feels the pressure.
Even if it were admitted that the spirit of spe
culation had been carried to an extraordinary
and unjustifiable length, is it not reasonably [
and just to trace this spirit to its legitimate
origin] Is it not proper to inquire how that
spirit was engendered, stimulated and madden
ed? Cannot the unnatural stimulus be readily
traced to the measures of the Government. ?
A brief review will show.
The Administration in its zeal to prostrate
the United States Bank, deranged the monied
concerns of the country, and destroyed com
mercial confidence, by placing the public funds
in the State Banks, most of which institu ions
have proved themselves irresponsible, if not
utterly insolvent. Upon the funds thus destri
buted; the Pet Banks made large ioans to
favorites, who desired to get fortunes by short
cuts. When the United Slates Bank charter
expired, the Legislature of almost every State
in the Union from which capital was with
drawn by the winding upofthe national insti
tution, increased the local Banking Capital to
a fourfold, and in some cases, to a tenfold
amount. These, too, were mostly Jackson
Legislatures.
Here, then, was a strong temptation to the
ever-trading now so pathetically deprecated.
Wherever a local Bank was created, money
was loaned to speculators as w?-ll as regular
i traders? and the Pits, (as recent events have
fully proved,) exceeded all reasonable limits
in their dispensation to the worshippers of
power. The funds of the Government were
profusely let out to land speculators; and to aid
them in their operations, the famous specie
' order was issued, by which the precious metals
were diverted from the ordinary ai;d proper
cbfltonels of trade. This, too under the guise
of repressing speculations.
During these opv;rations, whilst the Admin
istration demagogues were boa? ting that the
local Banks could conduct the exchanges of
the country, even better than the U. S. Bank,
the humbug about hard money was gotton up.
"Rag money" was decried, and the time was
pronounced near at hand tvhen every man
would have his silken purse bursting with the
weight of Benton's "yellow jackets" A few
of these glittering coins were passed about on
election days, but rarely could one of them be
seen in the ordinary transactions of business.
The very hard money which the Jackson pol
icy had vanished, was impudently dubbed the
"Jackson currency," and a universal distrust
was excited towards the|very Banks which were
to have carried on all the operations of trade
and exchange, until every Banking house in
the country was compelled to shut its vaults.
Can a commnnity of even ordinary discern
ment, fail to distinguish the remote, the im
mediate, and, we fear, the enduring cause of the
evils which we suffer? Those who cannot
discern the true cause, deserve to be pitied for
their stupidity, or despised tor thfir knavery. ?
There is no escape from the consequences of
a just deduction.
From the Charleston Courier.
Alabama. ? We have been favored with the
following extract of a letter, recently received
in this city, from a highly respectable Alaba
ma Planter : ?
"The pecuniary embarrassments of the peo
p'e of the whole South-west are without
parallel or example ; not greater than I had
expected however, for I have been fully aware
of the rcckless spirit of speculation which
pervaded every interest in 'he country. ?
There is such an entire want of confidence in
the soundness of individuals, that money
cannot be procured on loan, but at an interest
so usurious, that the borrower would seem
un4er the singular delusion, of voluntarily
exhausting his resources, with a view of pre
serving them entirely. Our money institu
tions ?are on the verge of bankruptcy ?
Every substantial mercantile house in Mobile
has suspended payment ? few of thein having
th ; means of averting entire failure. The
farmers (with few exceptions) are so deeply
involved, that no probable change of circum
stances, can prevent the sacrifice of property,
to the ruin of a large portion of them. ?
What aggravates the evil, is that the necessa
ries of life are scarce and dear. Cotton has
been the sole object heretofore ; and the con
sequence is, that the country is without corn.
Those who have it will not sell^without imme
diate payment ; hundreds, thousands, who
want it, have not tne money. On some plan
tations, nothing is given cut to the negroes,
or so scanty an allowance, that they are
allowed time to procure what they can, and as
they can. Farmers will purchase cotton at
18 cents, on a credit, payable out of the grow
ing crop, to sell the same at 9 cent* , for no
other purpose than to procure tin} means of
purchasing orovisions.
"It is very common throughout the country
^o meet with farmers who, within two years
past, have doubled or trebled the number of
their negroes by purchases at from ?1,200 to
$1,600 each, who yet owe for them.
"Our Legislature will convene on the l?Jth
of June to adopt measures for the relief of the
citizens The plan which will probobly be
adopted, is that of issuing State bonds, by
which the State will incur an immense debt,
with a view of affording immediate facilities to
those who are under-embarrassments. I
think the Le^islaiuro should not interfere
at present but leave it to time and circum
stances to devclope the proper remedies."
F-iori the Boston Atlas.
what has brought us to our pre
sent SUFFERING.
"Hurrah for Jackson!"
"D n the Bank!"
"All who do business on borrowed capital
ought to break."
"Perish Credit ! Perish Commerce !"
"The United State* Bank has failed to 1
introduce an uniform currency."
"Crush the monster !"
"Hurrah for Benton Mint Drops, and the
Hard Money Boys."
t4The merchants are the enemies of the*
country."
"When a merchant fails and becomes poor,
we make a good repulican of him."
"Better that a torch wore nppilcd to mil the
AJlantic cities, and that they were burned to
the ground, than that the Depositee should be
restored !"'
"The king can do no wrong*"
"Hurrah for the Hero of'New Orleans !"
"Raze the Bank to the ground and strew
salt upon its ashes."
"Biddle's Bank! No Rags! Gold and
Sliver! D n the Monster!"
"Republicans love Gold."
"All who borrow money are speculators and
gamblers ? and when they fail there is no
pressure that any honest man can regret.
"No one has a right to do business who has
not inherited a good plantation ? well stocked
with negroes ? or has received by the favor of
fortune in some shape or other actual specie
property. All others were born to be hewers
of wood, and drawers of water. The idea of
fighting the rich man's capital with the
poor man's credit ? may have done very
well in the days of other Presidents, but I am
determined to put a stop to it. The poor shall
always remain poor ? and the rich shall do
all the business and make all the money."
"I TAKE THE RESPON8IBILTY !"
Pennsylvania. ? Gov. Ritner has issued a
proclamation, in which he refuses to call the
Legislature together, as he has been request*.
I ed ?
"Because the evils under which thegood peo
ple of this Commonwealth labor, have not been
produced by the action of '.he government ofthie
State, but mainly by the unnecessary and un
authorised interference of the General Gov
ernment, with the currency and moneyed
transactions of the country; and, therefore, the
constituted authorities of Pennsylvania cannot
now, by any active measures, arrest, or ma
terially mitigate the misfortune, relief from
which must come from the same source with
the injury ;
"Because all the measures which have been
proposed to be adopted, by the State Legisla
ture, to meet the emergency, would, in my
opinion, rather increase than diminish the real
difficulties of our condition."
The three objects lor which the Legislature
could be assembled, he sets forth as, 1st ?
" Authority to the Bunks to issue notes of
dtnominalums less than Jive dollars , would be j
the infliction of a great permanent evil to
alleviate a temporary embarrassment, and
would only be the substitution of the lower
denominations of a circulating medium for the
higher denominations of the -<aine, without
withdrawing any of the latter from circulation
or giving to one stronger cla ms on public
confidence than the other, thereby increasing
aggregate amount of bank notes, without in-i
creasing the amount of specie or property re
presented, and thus inevitably^depreciating the
actual value ofthe existing representative cur
rency.
'4 The passage of a law ta save the forfeititre
of the charters , to which the banks will become
subject, by continuing to refuse spscie for their
notes, would only increase and render mere
lasting the mischief. The instant result would
in all probability be a vast and ruinous increase
ofthe bank note circulation ? a correspondent
diminution of its real value ? a dangerous fa?
cility of obtaining bank loins ? a sudden rise
in the nominal value of all kinds of property
? a further increase ofthe mad spirit of specu.
lation ? and finally, tne incurring of a real
amount of debt, which must afterwards be
paid in hard money, dollar for dollar, to the
min of thousands.
" The passage of a law for the stay of execu
tion in case of debt , besides aggravating the
evils just named, would accustom our citizens
to a disregard for the obligations of law and
for punctuality in their dealing, and would
beget a familiarity with the dependence of ;
indebtedness, wholly inconsistent with the
character of Pennsylvania citizens.
For these reasons, 1 deem it inexpedient for
the present to convene the Legislature.''
SEVEN DAYS LATER FROM ENGLAND.
New York, June 2, 2 o'clock.
We have just received by the Pennsylvania,
Captain Smith, from Liverpool, our files of
English papers.
By this arrival we have London dates to the
24th, and Liverpool, to the 25th of april, both
inclusive.
The most important matter is the state of
the money market in England ; we give the
latest articles we have on this subject, from a
Liverpol paper of the 25th, and London of the
24th April. The news is less disastrous by
far than we expected ? great hopes being built
upon the action of the United States Bank. ?
The latest advices from New York were ofthe
3d, when the failure of the Josephs was
known to be complete, and had been follow
ed by that of heavy houses in New Orleans,
but the crisis in New York and the country
generally, had not then been reached by a
long distance. We must still look for
ward. It will be seen that the U. S. Bank
bonds issued for remittances, were in high
credit at Liverpool; their reception in London
had not yet been ascertained. ? Com. Adv.
Liverpool , April 25. ? During the last week,
there has been ?orne extensive failures fLftionTgt
the holders of Cotton and other articles 'of de
preciated produce. The dead loss has been
frightful. All the failures far the last fortnight
have arisen from this cause.
The Sheffield trade suffered considerably, but
not to the extent of ^jany others. The table
! knife trade suffered most. '
1 The plague on the 25th ult. was ceasing at
1 Constantinople.
At Manchester, the pressure had begun to
, pro j uoe serious difficulties. A mob for several
' days paraded the streets, and demanded bread
! ofthe shopkeepers, which in most cases was
given th?'in.
' The Veil ce Gazette of the 13th says, news
i dated the 12th had been received from Trieste,
! that m i he night of the 11th a terrible fire
j broke out in one of the richest warehouses at
: Trieste; when the Aviso, which brought the
I news, left tf. was said that the value of goods
1 already burnt was two millions of Austrian
I livres. So ??e lives f ad been lost, and the fire
| was still burning. We must hope that the
i statements are exagerated. ? Jourdu Cowmerce
j April 21.
From the Liverpool Time*.
j The particulars of the most gratifying ar
rangements made by the Bank of the United
States, equally for the accommodation of the
American mei chants and the trade of this
country, will be found in another column.-r
This bold substitution of the undoubted credit
of the Bank of the United States, in ihe L urO
pean markets, for the doubtful credit of ytfoate
firms, has already had a wonderful eftect in
Liverpool, and no donbt in London. The reN
mittancea in these bills are as good as cas bf
minus the interest, and as they must, at the
end of the periods for which the bills are drawn,
be paid in cash, tliey will have the effect of
bringing specie back to this country, and of
enabling the Americans to pay thrfr de&ta in
the easiest manner.
Had not the managers of that ** never auffi-'
ciently to be villified monster" of the Jackson
men, the United States Bank, bit upon thia ptan
of payment, all persons indebted to this coun
try would either hare been compelled to remit
gold immediately or to have felled* In tbtf
ruinous craeh produced by this stale of things/
out of every ten hooves possibly one might
have been abfc to aenqje together grid in time/
while the remaining oineyeveo tbouff b solvent,
had failed. The arrrtng'e^DUbereforefthough
a great advantage to (Be Amencmt^ u^i iaf
great to the merchants and manufacturers of
England, a targe portion of whom will now
obtain their debt at once.
The United States bills tmwfgfel 6y tho
Shakespeare and the Orpheus on Saturday are'
principally, if not entirely, payable Ml tW
house of Baring Brothers, in London/ Cotf-'
aderable quantities o! them have beeo aold
to some of the principal Liverpool bankers*
at the rate of ?95 for the- ?100, that it, at
their full nominal value, deducting five per
cent per annum or interest. It is not impro-'
bable, from the very iqfjroving state: of the'
money, that they wHl shortly be sold for ?96'
10s. the ?100 or even ?96. They were
bought in New York at seven per cent, pre
mium, and adding to that premium five per
cent, for interest, it gives a coarse of ex*
change or JtilZ. on this country.
It would be a great error to suppose that
the immediate consequences of this arrange*
ment are the only beneficial ones likely to
result from it. By saving the merchants of
America from ruin, it will save thousands of'
the working classes of England from poverty
and misery. Had the Bank of the United
States allowed tin; most extensive market for*
English goods to go to ruin, and all the
established commercial relations between the
two countries to be broken up, the manufto
turers of England would have received-a bloar
from which they would not have recovered'
tor several years. Under this arrangement
the demand for British goods will continue*
steady, if not brisk, and in a very moderate
time will regain a considerable part of it?*
former activity.
Upon the whole we may congratulate our
readers on a considerable improvement in the
state and prospects of trade, and though many
difficulties have still to be encountered, yet
they are less formidable than they were
few days ago, and there is increased strength
to meet them. V
From the Morning Herald of April S4.
City ? Saturday Evening, April 22. ? The :
greatest anxiety continues to prevail iu the
commercial interests connected with the trade
to the United Slates, and the commercial
advices received by the packet of the 24th
ultimo, have not tended to relieve that feeling.
The particulars ot those advice's were fully
detailed in this journal this morning, and they
have been corroborated by .the private letters
which were received by that packet. Late, .
however, this evening, an express was receive} !'?
at the North and South American Coffee
House, announcing the arrival ofthe Orpheus,
at Liverpool, which sailed from New York on
the 1st instant, and it may readily be im^?
gined that no small degree of anxiety., pie*
vailed for some time to ascertain the nature
of the commercial intelligence brought by her.
No commercial letters or papers have been,
received here, but it is understood that, since
the sailing of the packet of the 24th ultraxv
several failures had taken place in New York,
New Orleans, and other citietr. It isestima-*
ted t lat the commercial failures in the United
States hive already to amounted 20^000,000 of"
dollars ; but the actual state of affairs on the
other side of the Atlantic, cannot be rigfrtfy
estimated until the nature of the commercial:
correspondence, brought by this packet and
her succcssora transpires. ? t. .
The state ol commercial credit in the city
has not retrogaded to day ; in fact there are
symptoms of greater confidence, which, w& '
trust, will daily incre se ; aud we believe that
the cautious conduct and prudential arrange
ments of some of the American bovses, have
tended much to the present improvement in
the commercial money market. There can
not, however, be any doubt, but that eventu
ally the state of affairs of American merch
ants will have the wholesome effect of destroy*
ing many of the overwhelming monopoly* in
connection with the trade, not only of the
United States, but also with British Nortli
America. As we stated some few days ago,,
it is apprehended that the opening pf the
trade to China and the East Indies, which has
been so freely entered into by the Americans,,
likely to create disasters even greater than
those which have already* taken place. A*
very considerable poition of time must there
fore elapse ere the trade between this country
and the United States can be resolved into a.
healthy condition. ' ' j '
The accounts from the manufacturing dis
tricts are any thing nut favorable. The inter*- ;
ruption of our trade with America appear*
already to be seriously felt, and the letter*
state that thousands of people have been ,
thrown out of work, and placed, by the re?afe >
of an artificial system of trade, upon the
der mercies of the new po^r iawsk -
In the British tiou^ef Commons on the-'
19th, a motion for an addiesatolhe King*
praying aim not to renew the order in council
authoring British subjects to engage in the *
serv,ce of the Queen of Spaift, was negatived '*
t?y a majority of 36, the vote being 242 and
287.
The application ofthe French ministry to
the Chambers for an appanage for the Duke ?
de Nemours has been withdrawn, at the re-'
quest ot the Duke and his royal father. ?
The preparatio is for the marriage of the*
Duke of Orleans were gointr on very actively '
Thechanbi?r of deputies had passed, by. a <
majority of 258, the act, establishing his -aU*
lowaoce, 2,000,000 francs per annumy l.UOCV*'
000 for wedd ng presents, and 300,000 per
annum for the princess, in case of widojrhood.'
The distress of tl:e operatives- was very
great iu France.
The trial of Meunier was in progress.
FROM FRANCE.
We have received this morning, by - the
packet ship Charlemagne, Havre papers to the
17th of April, inclusive.
The Moniteutof April 16 giveaa list of tho
new French Ministry. Four of die minister
ofthe 6th of September, remain in the cabin#,
to wit; M. Moie, President of the Councifc
and Minister of Foreign Affaires; Roeamefe,
Minister of Marine ; Bernard, of War jft?n<fcx
Martin du Nord; of Commerce.'1 tfc place of
Gasparin, Guizot, Dnchatel 'and Penrilv the
following have been appointed; M. Montali>
vet, Minister of the interior^ Sal van dy, of
Public Instruction ; Barthe, of ajfcU
Lacave-Lapal^ne, of Finance. " > E '
This formation ot the Cabinet wan unexpeefc.
ed. toth'e French public. Wc a private