Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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~ ~ ~ ~ -? ^ ^~~" -1 ~" f' 1 " ?',, ' by cavis & tbimmieb. DtvoUtf to Southern Uigljts, Politics, Agriculture, unit iitiscellaug. t2 per aniojm. vol. xiv. spartanburg, s. c., thursday, march 19, 1857. no^t THE CAROLINA SPARTAN. BY CAVIS T1UMMIER. T- 0. P. VE&NOtf, Aisooiate Editor, ^r*o#J?WO -POLLAM per annum In advanco, or 9*.50 at too and of the year. If not paid until *?'?? the year expires $3.00. Payment will be eonaidered in advance if made within three months. No subscription taken for less than six months. Money may be remitted through postmasters at eur risk. Advertisements inserted at the usual rates, and eeatraota made on reasonable terms. The Spartan circulates largely over this and aljoiaing districts, and oilers nil admirable medium k to our friends to reach customers. Job work of all kinds promptly executed. Blanks, Law and Equity, continually on hand or printed to order. CAROLINA SPARTAN. MR. BUCHANAN'S INAUGURAL. Fellow-Citizens: I appear before you this J S-t_- A I. I .1 .1 - T u?y iu vwnj ma solemn OAlll Ui.ll 1 Will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United Slates. In entering upon this great office, I must humbly invoke the Ood of our Fathers for wisdom and firmness to execute its high and responsible duties in such a manner ns to restore harmony and the ancient friendship among the poople of the several Slates, and to preserve our free institutions throughout many generations. Convinced that 1 owe 1 my election to the inherent love for the ' Constitution and the Union which still ani- 1 mates the hearts of the American poople, let me earnestly a-k their poweiful support in sustaining all just measures calculated to I perpetuate these, the richest political bless- < rugs which Lleaven hns ever bestowed upon any nation. I Having determined not to become a can- ' didato for ro-elccliou, 1 shall have no niu 1 tivo to influence my conduct in administer- 1 ing the government, except tho desire nbly I and faithfully to servo my country, and to ' live in the grateful memory of my country I men. We have recently passed through a > Presidential contest in which the passions ' of aur fellow-citizens were excited to the | highest degree by questions of deep and vi- < tal importance; but when tho people pro- ' claimed their will, the tempest at once sub aided, and all was calm. < The voice of the majority, speaking In < the manner prescribed by the Constitution, i was heard, and instant submission followed, t Our own country could alone hnve exhibit- 1 - ? J J I ? ., . , eu SO graiiu nnu aiming A spectac.u oi u<u | Capacity of man for self government. 1 What a happy conception then was it for g Congress to apply this simple rule, that tho * will of the majority shall govern, to the ? settlement of llio question of domestic sla- 1 very in the territories. Congress is neither < to legislate slavery into any tenitoiy or l Ktnto nnr \n. ..vs.lt,.1.. 1? !... 1 1 > ? %vr VAViiiMO lb IHUICIIIMIJ, UUl lO leave the people thereof perfectly free to t form and regulate their domestic institutions -k in their own way. subject only to the Con- 4 titution of the United States. As a natural ' consequence Congress has also prescribed I that when the Territory of Kansas shall be | admitted as a Sta'e, it shall he admitted in ' to the Union with or without slavery ns t their Constitution may prescribe at the lime ( of their admission. * A difference of opinion has arisen in re- r gard to the time when the people of a terri- I tory shall decide this question for thetn 1 elves. This is happily a matter of bill lit- ( tie practical importance, and, besides, it is 1 a judicial question which legitimately be- 1 longs to the Supreme Court of the United 1 States, before whom it is now pending, and ' will, it is understood, ho speedily and final- * ly settled. To their decision, in common 1 with all good citizens, 1 shall cheerfully suh- 4 mil, whatever this may he; though it has been my individual opinion that under the I Nebraska Kansas act. the appropriate period ' will be when the number of actual residents in the territory aliail justify the foimation of a constitution with a view to its admission as a Slato into the Union, lint he this as it may, it is the imperative and indispensable duty of the government o( the United Slates to secure to eveiy resident inhabitant the free and independent expression of his opinion by his vote. This sacred right of each individual must bo preserved. This being accomplished, I nothing can be fairer than to leave the people of a territory free from all foreign interference to decide their own destiny for themselves, subject only to the Constitution of the United States. The whole territorial question being thus settled upon the principle of popular sovereignty?a principle a* ancient as free government itself?every thing of a practical nature has been decided, and no other question remains for adjustment, because all agree that under the Constitution slavery in tbo Slates is beyond the reach of any human power, except that of the respective States themselves wherein it exists. May we not then hope that the long agitation on this subject is approaching its end, and that the goographic.M par ties to which it has given birth, so much f dreaded by the Father of his Country, will | j speedily become extinct. Most happy will it be for the country t" when the public mind aha!1 be divertcJ 1 from this question to others of prossing t and more practical importance. Through- ' out the whole progress of this agitation, j r which hat scarcely known any intermission ? for more than twenty years, whilst it has ' been productive of no positive good to any I human being, it has been the prolific source 6 of great evils to the master, to the slave and II to the whole country; it has alienated and estranged,the people of the sister States from v each other, and has even seriously endan-! t gered the very existence of the Union?nor b has the danger yet entirely ceased. b Under our system there is a remedy for 8 all mere political evils in the sound sense and sober judgment of the people. Time ( t is a great corrective. The political subjects P whicu but a few years ago excited and ex-1 a asperated the public mind, have passed' n away, and aro now nearly forgotten?but the ibis question or domestic slavery is ot far nrgt greater importance than any mere political men question, because, should the agitation con rien< tinue, it may eventually endanger, tho per- that souul safety of a large portion of our coun- tho j trymen where the iu*titution exists. In the that event, no form of government, however Win admirable in itself, however productive of powi material benefits, can compensate for the they loss of peaco and domestic security around and the family altar. Let every Union-loving instn man therefore exert his best influence to prop suppress this agitation, which, since tho re- for t cent legislation of Congress, is without any of th legitimate object. usefi It is an evil of the times that men have mini undertaken to calculate the mere material penci value of the Union. Reasoned estimates ther have boen presented of the pecuniary profits plica and local advantag e which would result to W different Slates and sections from its disso- I yet lulion and of the comparative injuries rnaki which such an event would inflict on other mom Stales and sections. Even descending to ry ro this low and narrow view of tho mighty for tl question, all such calculations are at fault, the I The bare reference to a single consideration der t will be conclusive on this point. dccla Wo at present enjoy a free trade through- provi out our exletrsivo and expansive country forth such as tho world never witnossed. This endo trade is conducted on railroads and canals, maki on noble rivers and arms of the sea, which requi bind together the North and the South, the tecl ( East and West, of our confederacy. Anui- sion. hi into this trade, arrest its freo progress by tectic the geographical linesof jealous anil hostile sions States, and you destroy the prosperity and throt onwaid march of tho whole and every part, over nnd involve all in one common tuin. be sp Rut such considerations, important as Slate they aro in themselves, sink into insigniti- caso ? canoe when wo reflect on the terrific evils slion which would result from disunion to every no ot nortion of ilia < \ll> fa/loro^n 1" !?" 1 , -- ? ..U.vuvinv; iu wiw Uei'Ill not moro than to the South?to the Kast dm r not more tlian to the West. These I shall Atnci not attempt to portray, because 1 feel tin It iiumble confidence that the kind Providence the < which inspired our fathers with wisdom to Cong Vaino the most perfect form of government Vet d tnd union ever devised by man, will not the o tutfer it to perish until it shall havo been these neacefullv instrumental, by its example, in Gove he extension of civil and religious liberty jn di< broughoul the world. tary i Next in importance to the maintenance aider >f the Constitution and the Union, is the now ; luty of preset ving the government Irec fioin Cilic c lie taint or even the suspicion of eon up- negle ion. l'ublic virtue is the vital spirit of their tepublics, and histoiy proves that when i |v mc I'.'.j has decayed and the love of money has ! oll t), isurped its place, although tho forms of free reach government may remain fur a season, the again ultstahce has departed forever, Our pros- f(ull1 nt financial condition is without a parallel aud u n history. No nation has ever befotebeen Govei mibanassed from too large a surplus in the jng tl reasury. lieve This almost necessarily gives hiith to wbicL xlravagant legislation. It produces wild great clictues of expenditures, and begets a race ,uid L if speculators and jobbers, w hose ingenuity |y asc s exerted in contuving and promoting ex- this o ledients to obtain the public money. The marks arty llnough its official agents, whether l>Cr 0| ightfully or wrongfully, is suspected, and In ha character of the Government sutlers in some he estimation of the people. This is in it j exper elf a very great evil. The natural mode ot part, elief from this embarrassment is to appro- merc? iriate the surplus in the Treasury to great (his n latiotial objects, for which a clear warrant ling i ran be found in tho Constitution. Among spirit hese, I might mention tho extinguishment low n if the public debt; a reasonable increase of Our t he Navy, which is at present inadequate neitlx o the protection of our vast tonnage atlual jng It ? now greater than that of any other 11a clierii ion, as well as tho defence of our extend deuce ;d sen coast. inteif it is beyond all question the true princi unlesi ?le that no more revenue ought to ho col- by tb ected froin the people than tlio amount To lecessnry to defray the expenses of a wise, niaxii iconoinical, and ellicieiil administration of Wand he Government. To reach this point it j tempi vas necessary to resort to a modification of ; jusiici he tariff, and this has been accomplished requi n sucli a manner as to do as little injury as our g nay have been practicable to o.ir domestic lendc nanufactures, especially lliose necessary for j have lie defence of the country. Any disciimi- fair p lalion against a particular branch for llic the v< lurpose of benefitting favored corporations, dred , ulividuaU or interests, would have been destin injust to the rest of tho community, and sition nconsistent with that spirit of fairness and Unwi ^quality which ought to govern in the ad- of wa ustment of a revenue taritf; but tlie squalid* cliasei rring of the public money sinks into coin- ' peace curative insignificance, as a temptation to tbe li iorruption, when compared with the squand ; (,u iring of the public land. No nation in the f( ide of tii/je has ever been bless"] with so . ..... icli and noble an inheritance as wo enjoy or' ' n the public lands. i bavo In administering this important trust, jn tjlt vhilst it may bo wise to grant portions of f I _ _ * . " nem ior me improvement ol llio remain- ; n|| ol| ler, vet we should never forget that it is our ^mor ordinal policy to leservelliese lands as much jous is may ho for actual settlers, and this at ^nj j, noderato prices. We shall thus not only |,app. test promote the prosperity of the new Wor|j State# by furnishing them a hardy and co| ndependent race of honest and iidus- tj)ejr , rious citizens, but shall secure homes ceej ( or our children, and our children's child- Qongl en, as well as for those exiles from foreign hores who may seek in this country to neODi mprovo their condition, and to enjoy die ileasings of civil and religious liberty. Such e|cc( ( migrants have dono much to promote the wj(5 f ;rowth and prosperity of the country. They WHrtja lave proved faithful both in peace and in af rar. After becoming citizens they are on- | Bl;lul; illed, under the Constitution and laws, to * ,.y >e placed on perfect equality with native- f-un *>rn citizens, and in this character they ' hould ever be kindly recognised. ability The Fedeial Constitution is a grant from ttitui he Stales to Congress of certain specific L)U eweri, and the question whether this grant don t hall be liberally or strictly construed has, Hn(i t| oore or less, dinded political parties from \ ?arn? beginning. Without entering into the and iraent, t desire to state at the commence- Chit t of my Administration, that long expe- dent L-e nnd observation have convinced mo spec n strict construction of the powers of of a| government is the only true as well as doze only 6afe theory of the constitution, noui ijnever in our past history doubtful coin ers have been exercised by Congress, augi linvo never failed to produce injuries Unit unhappy consequences. Many such A inces might be adduced if this were tho thos< er occasion. Neither is it necessary turn* he public service to strain the language sub* e constitution, because all the great and raitti il powers required for a successful adstralion of the government, both in u and in war, have been granted ei- qq in express terms or by the plainest im- jo lion. hilst deeply convinced of tlieso truths, recer consider it clear, that under the war- ?ur ' ing power Congress may appropriate noon :y towards the construction of a milita- qq ad, when this is absolutely necessary sible le defence of any State or Territory of 8Ubsi Jnion against foreign invasion. Un- \jr. ] ho Constitution Congress has power to qqie to war, to raise and support aimies, to we ti do and maintain a navy, and to call gjVe* the militia to repel invasion. Thus temp wed iu an ample manner with the war- cjty , ng power, the coiresponding duty is \y0 red that tho United States shall pro- qq sach of them (the Slates) against inva- j,,g t How is it possible to afford this pro rang til to California and our l'acific posses- Mexi , except by means of a military road to h< igh the teriitory of tlio United Slates, front which men and munitions of war may activ eedily transported froiu tho Atlantic Ma, s to meet and repel the invader! In each of a war with a ft aval power much qq ,rnr ? - -1. ? I 1 .1? 1 - ....... V,... ?<l?ll?uiu II1CU Il.iVC me?( her available access lo the Pacific coast; Df aj| iso such a power would instantly close ij^ . oute across tho Isthmus of Central COpti rica. bv M is impossible to conceivo that whilst dalg< Constitution has expressly required XI ress to defend all tho States, it should Uio I ony lo them by any fair construction depn nly possible means by which one of mabl Slates can bo defended, besides, the Guai rnmcnt, ever since its origin, has been iweei 3 constant practice of consli tiding mili- to th roads. It might also be wise to con- From whether the love for the Union, which i Mexi animates our fellow-citizens on the l'u- the r toast, may not bo impaired by our XI, ct or reins*! 12 ??roviJe for tliein, in mem remote and isolated conu??.'Cn> two { :Hits by which the power of the Stales to tN is side of tho Rocky Mountains can tratoi them in sulKcient lime to protect tliein upon st iuvasion. I forbear, for the present, Th expressing an opinion to the wisest inblis iiosl economical mode in which the j tides ntheul can lend its aid in accomplish itor\ lis great and necessary woik. 1 he- lies? that many difficulties in tho way, the c< i now appear formidable, will in a princ degree vanish, as soon as tho nearest the I iosi route shall have been satisfactory I Th ertained. It may be light that on the e, ccasion 1 should make some biief re- steair i as to our rights and duties as a mem- the t< f tho great family of nations. ports our intercourse with thcin there are Mcxii plain principle* approved by our own Th ienco from which we should never de- ) geiu-i Wo ought to cultivate jieace, coin 1 other ) and fiiendship with all nations, and ' of ct ot merely as the best means of promo- j in la >ur own national interest, but in a ! Th of christian benevolence towards fel- fifteei len wherever their lot may bo cast, govci liplomacy should bo direct and frank, Sevei sr seeking lo obtain moie, nor accept- of tli iss than is our due. Wo ought to State ill ft sacred regard for the indepen- cipal of all nations, and never attempt to Th ciu in me uomesuc concerns 01 any, | ] reas i this shall be imperatively required metit e great law of self preservation. I comn avoid entangling alliances has been a suflic ii of our policy ever since the days of ( |,e p? lington, and its wisdom no one w ill at- i for t . to dispute. In short, wo ought to do can a in a kindly spiiit to all nations, and This re justice from thein in return. It is the t lory, that while other nations have ex- whetl d their dominions by the sword, we j Ko never acquired any teriilory except by tincti urchase, or, as in llie case of Texas, by Tl, jlunlary determination of a brave, kin- paid and independent people to blend their 1 tehdt lies with our own. Even our acqui- nues s from Mexico form no exception. | with Iling to take advantage of the fortune lies, r against a sister ltepublic, wo pur- ships J the possessions under the treaty of the c , for a sum which was considered at the c itle a fair equivalent. ted ? r past history forbids that wo shall in lions iture acquire territory unless this be contii oned by the laws of justice and lion- the v. /\cting on this principle, no nation will f It a right to inteifere, or to complain, if, Charj ! progress of events, wo shall still fur- name ixlend our possessions. Hitherto in \ r acquisitions, the people under the 1 A iean Hag have enjoyed civil and reli- mcl 1 liberty, as well as equal and just laws, K)1*10 ave been contented, prosperous, and ''*H '' r. Their trade with the rest of the Wrtlc' has rapidly increased, and thus evo acro<' nmercial nation has shared largely in successful progress. I shall now pro- vv o take the oath prescribed by the!1'"00 itution, whilst humbly invoking the iig oi i-Mvine 1 rorulence on tins groat y ' s. James Hcciiacan. 1J**? concluding his address tlio President l'un'i turned towards Chief Justice Taney, l0llu rdranced and extended the Biblo to- ' r^? HV i Mr. Buchanan, administered the oath ,,ot ce in the terms presented by the Con- "ear0 on, as follows: excla do solemnly swear that I xeill faith brigh execute the Office of President 'of the *amo ?l States, and will to the best of my "dig / preserve, protect and defend the Con } ion of the United States." remii ring tbo taking of this solemn attesta- room he deepest interest was manifested, tcnt 1 he raultitudo wero stilled in the most A it attention. When it was conlude J, I small those upon the platform followed the :f Justice in cohgfatulatibg the Presi, elect upon his accession to office, the tators joined in an enthusiastic acclaim iplause, whilst the swelling inusic of a n hands and the roar of cannon aniced that the important ceremony was pleted, nnd James Buchanan duly iniratcd as the fifteenth President of the ed States. fter receiving the congratulations of 3 surrounding him, the President reed to the Senate chamber, and was equently conducted by the Senate Coulee to the Presidential Mansion. New Treaties with Mexico. 10 New Orleans Pirayune gives the folng particulars in relation to the trenties illy concluded between Mr. Forsyth, minister in Mexico, and President Cofort: le Mexican Extraordinary, the best posauthoritv, lias given publicity to the lance of the new treaties negotiated by Forsyth, and biought by the Guerrero. Extraordinary not being itself at band, ranslale from the Trait d'Uniori, which i full credit to the statements ol its co orn.-y. The treaties were signed at the of Mexico, on Wednesday, the 5th ult. translate: te tieaties are live in number, dependipun each other, and all complete an areinent, the object of which is to relieve co of her financial difficulties, to biing >r coasts a commercial Heel, and to her iers a tnide which will give new life and itv to her commerce by land and by Wo give iu order the substanco of treaty. io first treaty provides for the establish. of a commission for the examination I claims of the citizens of both ItepnbAgainst the government of either, ex- j ng die American claims provided for lexieo by tbo treaty of Guadalupe Hi io question of Mexican claims against Jailed States, by reason of the Indian Nations upon the frontier, and comfory to tho lltli article of the treaty of lalupe, being a point in discussion bell the two Kepubiics, will be submitted e arbitration ol the Emperor of the ch. If the decision be favorable to co, the claims wiil bo brought before tmimission. io commission will f,... bers mh1 two secretaries, untried by tho rot'?rnIIIents, who will have the power ct a tifihineui!'"'. who will act as arlrir, and who >G!I decide 5.'! questions which tho four first members dither, e second treaty, one of reciprocity, hes tho freedom of trade in certain ar of commerce enumerated, on tho ter and fior.tier rivers of tho two repub-L>iiL to the exclusion of the lines on oast. This treaty is based upon tho iples of the reciprocity treaty between Tiiteil Slates and Canada, e third treaty is a postal treaty, for stabiishment of a weekly line of rna'l lers. This lino will be supported by 1 wo governments, and will touch all the of tho two countries in the (iulf of j r.o from Mobile to Sisal, c fourth treaty has tho character of a al convention, and stipulates, among things for the renewal of tho treaty ' xumerce between the two Kepubiic* '31, which has expired by limitation. 1 e fifth treaty provides for the loan of i millions of dollars to the Mexican ninent, at four per cent, per annum. i millions are secured by the surrender le Mexican revenues to tho United , s, to the perfect satisfaction of the prii - J and interest. ice millions will be retained in tho iliry of tho United Stales for tho pay- ' of claims recognised by tho mixed I ni&sion. If this firm be more than ienl for that purpose, the balance will | lid to Mexico; and if it be not sufficient ho payment of these claims, the Mexi- j Government will pay tho difference. j sum will bear interest till drawn fioni reasury for the benefit of the creditors, her Mexican or American, ur millions aie designed for the ex on of the debt due to England, e remaining eight millions are to be in cash to Mexico, secured l?v the bur- ! >r ot* 20 per cent, of the Mexican reve on all kinds of imports and exports, tlio exception of European cotton fab whether l>v Mexican or American The 20 per cent, will l?e curiied to j redit of the exporter or importer, as I nse may be, and to the debit of the Uni- : states, to tho amount of the eight mil- ' of dollars. This arrangement will nut in i-llcct till the reimbursement of hole biiin with interest, is said in Mexico that the British go des Alfairos has protested in tho i of his government. .suoBtruT on llooi'S.?Canroberl's bon ' iport the subject is recorded with gient One of the numerous assailants of cart, tho Marquise de T .had been ting w ith evident anxiety his approach s the hall room to where she was seat- j After a few of those little miiiauderiet liich the Marquise is remarkablo, and r two killing glances in the (Jeneral'o seeing (hat his altonlion was attracted sr toilette, sho exclaimed with an olfec- , lisp; "Well, Maroehal, what do you ..( ..... i .i" i.\i..a..I . my uii^s III^IIII iiinuniur! ned Can robot t with a smile of gnllant lie surveyed its vast expanse, "I can-1 mt admire it, for it recalls to mind the st souvenir of my soul." "Indeed!" imed the Marquise, her countenance tening, and her oyes expressing at the lime all llio varied emotions of hope, ht and surprise, to which tho remaik ?iven rise; "and how 6ol" "Why, it ided mo tho moment I entered the , both in its extent and shapo, of my In the Crimea,/" narrow fillet or bsnd is tapo, but a | wax candle is a taper. ' John PhcBiiix in Boston. The Knickerbocker for February contair the following letter from John Pboeni written in Boston: It is Sunday in Boston. I Lave bee sitting in my room, No. 78 Tremont Hous by the window, which commands a chee ful view of a giavo yard, musing oil varioi matters and things in a solemn state < mind well befitting the place and the occi sioti. Seventeen inches of snow fell la1 night, and Boston looks white, like the I land of Ichabod, and to the full as desolat Through the hollow and reverberating pa sages of this ancient building, around ill corners of the sinuous streets, from eac door and window, in every private Hiid pul lie building, and from the houses of Go* resound the peculiar sharp hacking coug of the population of Boston. Every soul < thern ha* it. It is the disease of the coui try. When I meet an acquaintance in th street, I abstain from the usual greeting and invariably say, "How is your cough! and the reply invariably is, "About lb same." Coughing, and the ancient paslitn of hawking (followed by expectoration) ar the principal amusements in this cold city In the graveyard beneath my window, o a slate tombstone, may be found, 1 am ii: formed, the following touching iuscriplioc "Here I lie, berth of brcnlh, Because it cough carried me off, Then a cuflin, tlicy cairicd me offin;" which I doubt not describes the case of tb majority of the silent incumbents of th;i place of rest. The Tremont House is, in many re.->pccti a good institution; it is peifectly clean an well arranged; the attendance is good, an the fodder excellent; but there is an iddei cribablu air of gloom and solemnity pel vading the entire establishment well suite to Boston, but chilling to a stranger to th last degree. The waiters, dressed in blael with white neck cloths, move silently am sadly about the tables, looking like s many ministers with thirteen children, fou bundled a year, and two donation parties tlm limn 5.i 11*~ -'l;? ? ^ IllilO??, llltf VI II tiling watchfulness wi;|? which she hunj o\cr his pillow, the unwearying anil sell saciificing spirit with which she hoped or hoped ever, till, in despite of her care, he love, he sank forever, and her agonize* shriek tang in my car, as with hands clasp ed and tip turned eye, she felt that lie wa dead?her dieatn of life was over?ho sticngth was gone?her heart was broker The young widow had been regatdinj me earnestly duiing this time, and probabl; imagined what was passing in my mind for, throwing her veil over hor hat, sh turned partly around toward inc. and look ing steadfastly in my face, she winked ho eye! Yes. sir, sho winked her eye at me? the moral Phoenix?and I rose from in; a-hos, and left the Metropolitan car and re turned to thoTreinont Home. And is i possible, thought I, as I gazed from rn window up Tremout street, and observed sanctimonious gentleman in n long, blue] overcoat, looking hastily up and down th ... me uiuic ueier smiles, ID an point ot view; a largo Bible, with the nam of iho liouao stamped upon it in gill letters (to prevent loligious strangers from botllinj it.) lies on every table; and the chamber maids attend family prayers in the basement All is "graud, gloomy," and, it must b confessed, exceedingly peculiar. 1 have at templed but two jokes in this solemn place and they fell like the Hakes of snow, silen and unnoticed. An unfortunateindividun in the reading room Inst evening was seizei with at; unusually violent fit of coughing which, if n tuan could by any potsibilil; have been turned inside out, would hav done it; and as a partial cessation of it oc cur fed, with his hair standing on end, (h had coughed l'is hat oil*,) his face glowiitj with exertion, and tho tear* standing in hi unhappy cies, he very naturally gave ven to a profane execration. Kverybody looker shocked! 1 remarked in an audible torn to my companion, that the exclamatioi w as a cotler dam?an admirable contrivanci for raising obstructions froin lite bottom o streams, and probably adopted by tho gen llematt to clear his throat; but no on< laughed, and I incontinently went to bed This morning, on arising, I discoverer that my boots, left outside tho door to b? embellished with blacking, had. like thosi of Horn bastes, not been displaced; so I sail to the porter, a man of grave and soletnt aspect: "\ou have a very honest set o people about this house." "Why?" said tin porter, with a somewhat startled expression "Because," 1 rejoined, "1 left my hoots out side my door last night, and find this morn ing no one Ims touched them." That mat walked otV slow and stately, and neve know thru 1 had been humorous. Disap poiiitrnents have been my lot in lite, remember in early childhood going to tin theatre to see Mrs. W. 11. Smith nppen in two new pieces; the bills said she weuh do it, and she came upon the stage perfect ly whole and entire like any other lady Lpon 'lie whole, it is my impression th ? Boston is a dull, gloomy, precise, and sol emn city, which 1 take to he owing entire ly to the intense cold that prevails there ii the winter, which chills and freezes up tin warmer nature of the inhabitants, win don't have time to get thawed out befori the cold comes back again. I have me many Bostoniaus in more genial climate* who appeared to be very hearty and agreea bio fellows. 1 took a abort ride jesterdai in the Metropolitan Railroad cars, whicl ate Unigged by horse power from the Tre nioni House to Roxburv. The only othe occupant of iny car was a young and loveh female in deep mourning. She wore i heavy black veil, and her thick and beauli ful auburn hair was gathered up on cncl side of her face, beneath a spotless cap?i wviow'a cap of snowy muslin. I had a! ways a feeling for widows; young am pretty widows paiticularly always excil my deepest interest and sympathy. I gazet with moistened eye on the sweet speciinei befoio me, so young, so beautiful, I thought and, alas! what suffering she has expeiien cod. 1 pictured to myself her devotion l< her husband dtirinr* lii? street, and then dodge up a email aMey i u great haste?is it possible that this lilt widow in the (Mr is at all typical of tl *' great city to which she belongs! A most respectable, staid, and solemn ou n ward appearance?covering a very stron e, disposition to that deviltry which is define r- by the Bible as *'the lust of the flesh, tl is Inst of the eye, and the pride of life." Bt jf Boston, clothed in its robe of snow, looke i too pure, bride-like, and I dismissed thesuj si position from niy mind. They don't have thoatrical performance e. in Boston on Saturday evenings; the tliei s- tres open at three o'clock p. m., and tli ic performance is over at six. Thalberg was a h lowed to give a concert here last cveninj > however. He was practising a little th 1, morning, also, on the piano, when a me h sage came from a serious family in the net jf room, begsing him uot to play dancin 1 tunes. lie didn't. e I had intended to have written to yo ;, more at length, but am off to New Orleati "' directly, and must pack my trunk. Boslo e is a great place. 1 am sorry I hadn't tint e to go and see the Monastery, presided ov? e by Abbott Lawrence, that was burned b the Orangemen, u Yours, truly aud respectfully, i- JOHN PHOENIX. i: * "I m Wonders of Science. Tbo often quoted correspondent of th Newark Daily Advertiser, in one of his 1; H tost letters from Italy, Bays: u Stethoscopic auscultation established piiuciple ? thanks to M. Laeuuec?wbic lias at length produced the Dynainotcop 1 perhaps its greatest service. Other French 1 men bad inade some approaches in tbci efforts to find a mechanical gauge for tli '* animal economy?M. Oonnet. for exnmrd. u | with Lis age telling Spirornelre, nud N 0 i Guiilct with his l'neumatonsetre?but M k' i Colleagues appears to have won all ih honors of discovery by his liltle steel eai ? trumpet, which reports to the practiced ea r the organic action and actual condition c the entire body at arty given moment? gauges its vital force, its ago, health am 0 j temperature?indicates the course and th '' ! event of diseases, ?kc. The marvellous lil tie instrument, which would seein to leav "clairvoyance'' without an apology, is sail to be the tinal result of a series of experi * menu in auscultation which led to the dir covery that all vital organization gives ou ' an audible sound?a low burn, accomps 1 tiied by very distinct crepitation or cract 1 linfJ* Tlieso sounds may be discerned, we ar ' told, by an acute cur, but more dislincti v with the aid of n steel or cork conductoi e and they are said to vary in n measurabl manner with the age, temperament, healtl | and seasons, to indicate the difference b? ' tween the effects of fatigue and disease, ap ^ ??nu re?i ueato, etc. I it compleu parnlysy, epilepsy, And the like, they en tirely dimpnear, lliougli they continue fo 1 ten or fifteen minutes after the cessation c ' pulsation and respiration in death. The; \ are also heaid in amputated limbs for sour minutes after the oj>eration?as some crea tuies appear to be alive after losing thei 2 heads. The humming (bourdonncment) ap ' pears in every part of the body to whicl lite instrument may be applied, but th crepitation only ai the extremities of tin 1 fingers and tocx?when one of them i placed in its bowl. I am not awaie tha I any theory has been deduced from the?< singular results o! this new course of phv siological inquiry. Science and Industrial Arts* , An unpickable and changeable lock ha r long been a desideratum, and such a on< j it is now thought lias been contrived. Tin j | key is so constructed that it is capable o e an inexhaustible number of changes. Thi r !s efi'ected bv providing it with slides, whicl ] j work in grooves, in such a manner tha . ! each slide may be moved with the nail | When the required arrangement is mad t the whole is tightened by a screw, am . j whatever form the sciew is thus made ti . assume the lock adjusts itself to that forti 1 i in the act of locking, and only that form o , arrangement of the kev will then unlocl y iU e The gutta porcha slioes lately introduce* t ! are made in this way: The inner sole an< upper portion, wlun stietched over the last is tiist punctured by a punch. The gutt > porcha, in a soft shape, is then pressed , by mechanical means, upon this inner sole the material is forced through the puncl r holes, and the shoe is then held together a y if it had been pegged, though much mot lt i securely, for the gutta porcha fills entirel the punch holes, and even forms a sort c , rivet head on the inside of tho shoo. It Two eminent European savaiis, MM ^enormont and Becquere', have obiaisc ] surprising results in the m?tificirtl formality B of crystals and minerals. Some among thei 1 specimens of crystallite and crysoberjI at j described as hard enough to cut glass. The have also found that glass containing arse nic, though at fust transparent, become (J cloudy and opaque, then waxv, and final! . i crystalline, Another discovery made b . them is, that pounded loaf sugar inixe wiiu suiptiunc lieul tonus h glutinous sul stance, which when dry detonates like gu r | colloli. Good Descent.?li u a question win ther being called "the son of a gun" sltoul ' , not rather he taken as a compliment lha as a term of abuse, as it is well known tlm ! i . no gun is good for anything unless it dt % sccnds in a utraight line /rem a good stocl y1 < > i. # v To Clarity Cider.?The following i b an old but good rccipet Put newly-mad - cider into a clean barrel, and leave it I ' ferment a few days; and then put in it si ounces of ground mustard, "ied Up in a ia? v i the cider will become sweet and clear, an " : remain so until exposed to the air. >' Somebody has written a Imok on "Th H , art of making people happy without money k ! We are in excellent condition to t>? oxpor c 1 merited upon. in Romance and Revolver*. The Emperor of Russia has lately per* ie formed au act of justice to a much injured and honorable American family, which refleets the highest credit on l is Government. 8 Tho facts were given me by Mr. Sala, the principal writer for Dickens' Household >e Words, with whom I bad the pleasure to '! dine at London, nnd who was an actor io the history I am going to give you. P" About eighteen months ago, a Miss Ward, from one of the Southern States, was ?s married at Florence, after a short courtship, to a Polish Count, whose unpronouocabie ie name escapes me at this moment. They were married before the American Consul, ? I believe. After living with Miss Ward ,s partially for three weeks, the Count took R* French leave one flue morniug, carrying off cl his wife's jewelry as booty. A letter left beS hind informed Miss Ward of a fact to which she had been till that moment entirely u ignorant, to wit; that any Russian subject '* not married according to the service recogn nised by the Greek Church and the Rut* siau Governtueut, was invalid and not bind* r ing, and that the service which had united )' them, resembling in nowise the one required, they were as free as if no rervice had been performed. The consternation of Miss Ward and her family at this delectable piece of villainy may well be imagined; for on inquiry they found that the Count's e statement was but too true. i Miss Ward and her mother remained a short lime in Italy, endeavoring to obtaiu a some kind of redress for the base iinposih lion which had been practiced on them, r, b-it their efforts were fruitless. They thin i- camo to Paris, and spent the winter, where ir thev were geuerally known to the Amerie cans resident in the place. #, At the period of the corronation of the I. Emperor of Russia, they went to St. PetersI. burg. It was here '.hat Mr. Sala made tho e acquaintance of tho fainilv, by a letter of r- introduction from Paris. The family were ir going to demand justice of the Emperor of >f Russia against Iris scoundrelly subject. Mr. - Sala drew up the petition to the Rusvian d Minister, and in this petition Miss Ward e demanded of ibe Russian Government "the I- re-habilitation ol Iter honor by a lawful e marriage with the Count." The document d w*s handed to Mr. Seymour, the American i Minister, and ho handed it to the Russian ? Minister of State. t The moment the case was laid before the i- Emperor, an order was issued to the Russian > Minister at Naples (where the Count was then living) to confer with the Neapolitan e Government, with a view to his arrest. The y Neapolitan Government, which was just r; then in great favor with Russia, yielded at e once to the request. The Count was seized ti by the Neapolitan police, and at Russia's - expense was conducted to the Russian fron> tier; there he was leceived by the Russian police, and cairied to Warsaw. The Wards i- were already there awaiting his arrival, r The Count was inarched into the church T by a posse of policemen, and was compelled y to stand up before the altar and marry Mita e Ward in due forin. When the ceremony was concluded, his wife, now legally the r Countess of , made him a formal bow, > and bade him adieu forever. And Sala, i who was prosent, exclaimed, "Young e America forever!" The Count, who was e an exile, was sent to Siberia, his property s was confiscated, the Countess retaining by t law one third. The family immediately e left again for Italy, where they are spend ing lite winter. The father and brother of Miss Ward were present at the marriage at Warsaw, with revolvers in their pockets, determined, if there was any flinching s on the part of the Count, to blow his e brains out; for in view of the fact that he e was destined for Siberia under any circuraf | stances, it was feared that he might not h at the last moment pronounce the necessaj ! ry word. And thus was a high act of justice porI I formed by the Russian Government in a 0 1 bold and rapid manner, and an act which j does her lite greatest honor.?Pari? Cor 0 rtspondence of the New York Timet. 1 Sargko Sucre?How to make Sugar. The introduction of this article into our country has called for an exercise of our j j mechanical talent to Uiing forward someI thing to meet the experimenting demand ; for new sugar mills. In pacing through the Institute Fair my attention was attractI ed to a singularly constructed revolving ; machine running upon three rollers; but, l! { upon close examination, I found it to ho a s Chinese sugar cane mill, invented by Mr. fc Hedges, of Cincinnati, Ohio, who has been y > so successful in improving the famous little tf' giant corn mill, and has nWo lately inventi el a most complete agricultural steam boil[ er, one of which is also in operation at the - fair This suga* mill ' * certainly of a most n j novel construction. It consists of three r vertical cast-iron rollers, supportedbetween t, strong cast plates, resting upon a triangu! lar wood frame about eight feet on its sides. ; ; Under each coiner is a largo truck wheel t9 so adjusted when working as to revolve in y a circle, the shaft of one of the rollers occu? v P)'n? ventre of the frame and clutchj ed f?*t to a timber below, preventing its h t iming, while the other two, being geared ? I into u hi me top, hto made to revolve | .trouncl it n? tho whole frame is turned by lb? horse. On one corner is a feed table, .. from which a man feeds tho cane, which, ,] having been acted upon by the two rollers, ,, passes out upon a table on the other cortl ner, which is removed as often as a suffi.. cient quantity accumulates. The juice passt. oh down through tho bed plate and is received in a vessel made for that purpoae. j< In a few minutes the truck wheels can b? ' changed and tlie clutch removed, and tho o whole i-* ready to travel. There being no v heavy beams to raise, post* to set, or overr; I lead sweep* to provide, and at the same ,| time so easily transported from place to place, it will prove to be just the thing needed bv our farmers at this particular e time, and from the cheapness of the article it must ineet with ready *ale. AH interest* j. ei iu this line are advised to give it an examination.?Xal. tnteHigmrr.