TIMOTHY HUBLEY, Editor. First the blade, then the e^r, after that the full corn in the e.ar."-Pani FOUR D&LLARS PEE. AKNUM. Vol. I, CHARLESTON, 8?TUEDAY, MAY 12, 1866. No. 32, PUBLISHED ON SATURDAYS. [it 430 King-street, Charleston, S.C., BY T. HURLEY & CO. Subscription Price:-Four Dollars a year, inva Itjtbfc fn advance. .\o ADVERTISERS.-The LEADER has the largest df any weekly paper in the Southern ^.^-circulating extensivcry in South Carolina, Carolina, Georgia, and Florida; thereby ren ?eria? ita valuable medium for those having {roods Kates of Advertising: j jo: otic Square of Ten Lines, one insertion, $2 00; : .breach subsequent insertion, $1.00. | ~v^l thue?2 t j 0Vs i 4 t's]2mosl SjnJ Srnl l yr. | ? j $?" V'S? j $4 Y $5 Y' "S9 ? $12 i SIS j $o0 \ j iuch I 3 j 5 ! 7 |_9 fjj J JS 124 1 40 j j ;;:chV .4 Kl ? t ? 1 33| 50 1 rCol ! TT~9 !' 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T" any one st-udtng us seventy-five subscribers, with c:tslj, we will pres? nt one of LeavUt's Sewing Machines, selling in T?'. .n ft?r I ?ty fn the vicinity of Campobello Island ha*r ing" aroused the fears of the New Brunswick authorities, reinforcements of ships and men lave been hastily forwarded to the Bay of Fundy and St. Croix river, in order, to defend Campobello Island, and to watch the Fenian privateers in the harbor of Eastpork In spite of the watchfulness of the British vessels,, which have established a sort of blockade of the port ! of Eastport, one of the Fenian vessels managed j to escape and put to sea, bound for some U?? ? known destination, Gen. Meade arrived* at Eastport on the 17th ultimo, and at a pub?c reception there on the 20th, he stated that he< was simply there for* the enforcement of Wk laws. Two companies of United States re^F lars have arrived at Calais, and others were ex pected, a portion of the. first artillery* and the twelfth infantry at Fort ?aniilton being al ready under orders. The Fenian arrivals are not so numerous as they were. Those now in, Calais are orderly and quiet. The authorities at Washington have for varded instructions to Enstport to enforce strictly the neutrality laws. A schooner, with arms aboard for Killian, was seized by the Custom-IIouse officers there, but immediately released. COMMUNICATED. Articles inserted under this head are written by correspondent*. Y\Te ?hall be glad to publish com? nmnfrarions of mepii^ but do not hold ourselves re sponsible lor their sentiments. VERACITY A NATIONAL BUL WARK. MR EDITOR--In the columns of your very worthly journal praiseworthy for its fearless advocacy of right and approval of truth will you be pleased to give space to the following. That truth is the only enduring pil'ar upon which national prosperity can be. secured, its peace preserved and justice he equally meted, is r fact so generally conceived by all who in this enlight ened day hesitates not to acknowledge a belief in the existence of an Omnipotent Being of truth who directs and governs^'universally. That we shall Hot tire the patience, of our readers by adducing any further vindicatio? of the bare fact than the assertion made, and \impiy refer as examples of the correctness of our posi tion to ?he-destruction of nations in thc ages past, when to every exterior appearance tiley were in a position that hid fair, if only in thier'own estimation, of long periods of ruling power ami ages Of prosperity. This was prominently the fate of R?mt; and a more minute perusal of her history than probably is practised by some of the present age would doubtless be somewhat advantageous, as they may then percieve that the cause of her sudden collapse and destruction, can be eusily comprehended when our assump tion is taken as a' criterion. Industry, energy, and activity in the various avocation of life when it is characteristic nf a people, is doutless a motive means of national prosperity, but the maintenance of a ovations prosperous condition is based upon a principle far above physicial skill ar.d mental genius alone. Hence the great dificuUy in experience adulating the affairs of narions. generally and especially this nation, for it must be admitted thai many among the holders of prominent positions in the council of the nation either wilfully discard truth in con structing methods for their country's repose or bein?* blinded by the effects of years of prejudice suffe* themselves to overlook plain thuths and thus cause themselves to be in wandering maz es lost, for n one who have attentively watched the progress of events but observes the. mighty work of an Omnipotent Agency in the changes that have so rapidly taken place in our race.. In God's word are written truths that it were well for those upon whose counsel the peace of the Republic in a good measure will ?depend to. ponder and endeavor to systemise efforts for their country's quiet and harmony. For Gocfc governs the nations upon earth by certain fixed moral principles, the conforming to the which peace and plenty ace .guaranteed, while the re verse is the result of a heedless deviation there fro n ; example of which is illustrated 4o Tyre's fall and utter destruction finally, lt.were wis-, dom to search God's word carefully and submit to his decree cheerfully than "endeavor, Hume-, like, to falsify his pla'n truths. His word is un changeable, his truth eternal, the only secure fulcrum upon which the lever of national pros-, perky can securely rest. W. IL B. Rosemond, S. C., May 10th, 1866. S Correspondence between Gov. Perry and Horace Greeley, addressed to the judgment and good sense of intelligent men of ali sections. Sir: My purpose in requesting you to give this communicator, a place in the Tribune was, that your readers might have correct information in regard to the feelings and wishes of the people of South Carolina. I ?snow that manv of vour cor respondents have grossly misrepresented public opinion in the ?Southern States. Ti^se misrep sentatioHs go uncontradicted, and do great injus tice to the honest and patriotic people of the North, as well as the South, and deception and misinformation must always work injustice to the deceived and misinformed. I think I know ihe feelings and wishes of the peopje of South Carolina as well as any one in the State. My recent position,- as Provisional Governor brought me in contact with all the prom inent and influential men of the State, and I have no hesitatiou in saying, as an did Union man, whose political life has been spent in defense of the Federal Union, that they are now all sincere ly and truly loyal to the United States, and will faithfully sustain and^defend the Government. This your readers do npt believe, and have HQ right to believe, from the gross misrepresenta tions H-hich are constantly made to them bv cot ton agents and other employes of the Govern? ment in the Southern States. Ali hope or ex pectation of living separately from the North was given up with the surrender of the southern army; and the people are anxious to renew once more their social, commercial, and politiqal rela tions with the North I state what I know to he the fact, that there is no feeling of unkindness on-- the part of the for mer slave-owners towards their freedmen. On the contrary, there is an earnest disposition, al most universal among them, to protect and assist their former slaves. This they would do more 'cheerfully and more effectually if the Freedmen's Bureau did not interpose awi assume the gnardia ship cf these freedmen. Thx; negro has received much more abuse a suffered much greater wrongs at the hands of t Federal troops in this section of thc country th from his former owner. The other night, a neg man was murdered in cold blood by a drunk soldier near this place. The soldier has been se off, tnd no farther notice taken of the murder. T garrisou, at this place, I?avc lx*eu in the habit knocking down and kicking off t{Ue sidewalks ? the negroes they met of nights in she streets ! No one- blames the North for wishing to protc the negro in the enjoyment of life, liberty and pro erty. This-has already been done in most of tl Southern States, by law. lu South Carolina, he] allowd to sue and he sued, to give his testimony our Courts, inherit and purchase property, sell ai divise the same. He is allowd to make contraej own real estate and bc educated. Thc young n groes who are apprenticed are required to; be se to school, if there be any school in the neigh bo liood, by their masters. Pretty much at?tiiaf tl Civil Rights:, bill proposes has been done br tl State, except making them citizens of the S(&f There are. rery few offenses in our criminal co< which do not apply to the white mun as well as tl negro. You say that I am mistaken in my assertfca.thi the ne?rro does not desire thc right suffrage, a?d'i order to show my mistake you sa)*. " I beg \en\ to remind you that the laws of most southern stat( allow negro testimony to be taken in issues to wilie they ?ire parties, an-d ot! this point they arc at lea: 1,000 to 1 against you-" I do not comprehend yoi reasoning. It docs not follow thy.t, because a negi is ailowcJ to give testimony, thai therefore he dc sires to vote. I am confident there, is not one nt gjo in 100 who would care to voter or, would von i 3. any election, if not prompted to do so by his em ployer. Then he would* always vote as directed b his employer. This would be giving undue in?iu euee to wealth, and establishing an odious politic? aristocracy, which would destroy or swallow upa the political influence of the pour white naen. That, thc employe will v?te as his employe wishes is proven by all experience. In manu lac turing companies, thc operatives arc general; Whigs or Democrats, according to the politics e thc .?waters of the establishment. How much mor is this' likely to bc thc case with ignorant negroe who are incapable of,--comprchending any pol?tica question? In severa) o?'the Southern States, ire negroes were formerly entitled to vote, but thc.1 never thought of exercising tJiis privilege, unies urged to do so by some white.person. The four years' war through which the sonthen people have passed has gre;.fc'y demoralized tin country, and there are frequent acts of violence Iris?me instances, thc freedmen are actors, ant again they ure the victims. Generally, tjienegroei have behaved well. The acts of violence have beer mostly committed by ouUaws and refugees fton other states, who are wandering over thc country, Everywhere, there is a disposition on thc part OJ the citizens to suppress all conduct of this kind. The framers of the, Federal Constitution wisely determined to give each state, whethei large or small, rich or poor, the same vote in the senate. They likewise determined, with equal wisdom, that representation in the oth?ei house should be in proportion tc* the free popu lation and three-fifths of all others? They.k?new that the slaves of the south excluded: that free population which cultivated the soil in the Northern states, and decided that three fifths*.of them should be counted. Now that these slaves have been emancipated, they must be counted free persons in apportioning the Representation of the House. There is no more injustice in counting them although they are not voters, than there is in counting the children and women &nd foreigners not allowed to vote in New York. They may contribute as much to the defea/je-and prosperity of the United States as any other non-voters,s Ic would perhaps be difficult to establish a more equitable basis of represen, talion than that of population. A very small psopotion of the people of any State are voters. The women and children are exclnded; foreign ers are excluded; persons convicted ?^infamous ?rimes are excluded; soldiers in the regular army ire generally excluded ; and, in many of the States, persons paying no taxes, and unable to read and write are excluded. Who shall be al lowed to exercise the right of suffrage, has been, rery properly, left for each State to determine for herself, as shs makes her own laws, and reg ulates her judiciary and police. Bufyou contend :hat the Southern States should be . forced to illow th? negro to vote wether he is capable of prudently exercising this paivilege or no. For ile same reason, women and children should not be excluded from the right of suffrage. They ire citizens of the states, have to obey their laws ind are punished even with death for their dis Dbedience. Tltey have to pay taxes on thefc^prop ?rty, and are' counted in representation. The poung men from 18 t?:?21 are called upon to go forth in defence of their country, and sacrifice their j [ives for a Goverment over which they have no control. The same may be said of the foreigner till he is naturalized. No one will deny that a young man, 18 or 20 years old, and who has just completed his col legiate course is not as capable of exercising the right of suffrage as well as aaany old men who have been veting all their lifetime. You cannot mete out equal justice to.all. Some are much more capable of exercising political rights than others. We must have some general rule. in all of the northern states, except six, the ne gro is not allowed an unqaJinsd vote. This*' too? wfrere they hate been free/op- mor* than half a century. Why, then, should northern men in sist that all the negroes of the.south, who have been just relieved from slavery, should be al lowed an important political right winch is de lied* thc free anet intelligent negr?in the Northern States9 In the northern states there aie corar para?ively very lew negroes, ?nu xgeir mjuui cious; voting would do very little mischief. This: government has bees, the white man's govern-, ra?at-both federa* and state. ?t was formed by waiie men and for waite men.* exclusively. In Hcyti the black men have a government ol? their, own ; and hayey very properly, eaeiuded white men from all participation in it. Na; white.man is there permitted re vote or fill any office of profit or trust under the Government^ Why sbould we be more tolerant to the black, man than he is to the white man ? The history of the world shows, for the last 6,000 years tha& thenegr;e<.is inferior to the white man. Ia Afri ca there has been no progress or advancement in civilization, while all the Caucasian nations-, of the earth have been making the rnos? won derful strides nv ail the arts, sciences, literature,, and improvements of the world. In hi* forma tion and structure, physical and intellectual, the negro is inferior to the white man. God haa made him so ; and you cannot chango hia nature by legislation. In regard to civil rigfc<*r. all should be equal; so far as the protection of life, liberty, and the property are concerned whether male or female, old or young*, rich or poor, white or black. AU should should bo al* lowed to sue and be sued, sell and purchase?, inherit and devise, give testimony in. coures, &c. In a great measure, as I have already, said, this has been dons in South Carolina. You say "it is quite possible that a restorations may bc effected whick wlil give one white man itt* South Carolina equal power in bur common.- gov ernment, with two white men equally capable and intelligent and certainly not iess loyal in. Ni'\* York." You knov/ very well that our Federal Gov . edment is a compromise of political pow<>r be ? tween small states and large states, between states fe having a large black population and states having a very small population ot that charaetc-r. Ouc? white mail in Ithode Island or Delaware had guar anteed to him, in the senate, as mtreh political pow er under the Federal constitution, as ten or perhaps weary white menin Virginia. New-York or Penn sylvania, One white voter in Connecticut or ilas.-.. sachusetts has twice as much political power in tho House of Representatives as one white mau in Cali fornia-the population of California, being mostly; voters^ w?iile a very large proportion of the pop-, ulation of Connecticut and MassaehueeUs-are wo men and children who arc not allowah to vote Representationen proportion to voters would de prive all the 2?ew-England States o? several members of congress and transfersthe same num ber of representatives io the new States-. How unreasonable it is iu you Northern meit to suppose that we have less sincere* regard for the negro than you iKtve. lt is against nature and contrary, to all reason and experience, the. ' negroes have been our slaves and property, the objects of our care and attention. They are know? to us, and have lived with us for ye MTS past. They haye decended to us from?our ancestors, ?nd were the objects of their care and solicitude. In many instances, they and thier progenitors have been in our families for more than a century. There are others who have been rubed-by us,or have, grown up with us as companions, faithfully ser ving us through life. Is it not most likely that; we should, under these circumstances, feel a dee per interest in thc ii- welfare than strangers? The Southern people are not less humane, or less affectionate,- or less influenced by sentiments of" honor, than thc Northern people are. They are ass?nerons and as !un?> t> persons i:t> distr3ss. I think their history and character as a people show this. V?hy, then, need you trouble your selves so much about the protection of the negrot You will say that you have caused theemanci-. pation of the negro against our wishes, and this proves that you feel more interest for fcbem than-, we do. I have no doubt that you yourself will? acknowledge, in less than tv.n. years, that the., negro race has not been benefit ted by freedom. [?stead of ablessing, emancipation will prove surse to them. The next census will prove Lhat they have diminished in numbers, instead; sf; increasing, as they heretofore have done,N with great rapidity. The old. and young, the feebje and sick, will no longer have that care, ind attention they alwaj-s had in slivery. What has emancipation already done for the-, negroes in- tire .southern states ; It is said that nore than 000,000 of them have perished-died? )f diseases contracted by leading, thier homes,, )r been slaughterd in battle. The next ceuans, t is supposed by others will swell this frightful lestruction of the African race to 1,000.000 of rictims. When the war commenced, there wera 1,000,000 af negroes in thc United States. I do . mt believe that the next census will show 3,000 )00*.of tirem left. This is a blessing with a ven-. ?. ?eance. Those still remaining here are destined, ;o dwindle away, as the Indian has, ia juxtapo- . ?ition to the white map... They are disposed to . juit field work and flock in to. the, towns and Glinges, where they must necssariiy su/?er from-. ;be want of food a ad contract diseases which wilHerminate their lives. It is-jrery doubtful whether love for, the negro had anything to do with his emancipation. ?.bitter feeling of jeal ousy and hatred toward the southern slaveholder . prompted this. Abolition movement in the . first instance, and it was finally sejzed hold of for the purpos?-of conquering thc^south and putting, an end; to rne Rebellion, By it your armies, were recruited with our slasaesy aiufc your own citizens permitted to remar?-at home instead of . going forth to do battle themselves. This bribe . of freedom turned the southern slavcsagainst the * masters and they were slaughtered Oy thousands* and tens of thousands. In tlris way, you showed jour love for the poor, si* ve and made him jw victim.