Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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k.v ' C* 4 ' "*J* 0 / THE FEW ^5^ SOFTS Vol. 3, No. 34- *5?rt R?Ya1' *-"> Saturday, June 3, 1865. Whole No. 133. ?hc Jlero ?outh. I? rUlUJKUKD every ratucp.VT morsinu by ( J. H. SEARS, Editor and Proprietor. ( - ,'i 1' It 1 C E : I One Copy Five Cents. 1'kh huxdkku $3 i'u. '' tIiukk Months 0 " ?'. ' One Year 2 on. , in advance. r i (] advertisements.?Twenty cents a lino for first insertion ; fifteen cents for second,ten cciitST^ tor each sub&ijueut insertion. * tek.ms' casii. 1 ... OjKc, Pho' uix Hui'ding, Uni^i Square w uniiiff a Fnsl Otoe" ; ; ? SOUTH C\\i:OLl\A. s 10 Its JSoiJ, Climate, Diseiisos Arc. The following interesting and v;il liable extract^from 44 Ramsey's Sketch of the tl Soil, Weather, and Diseases of South t! Carolina," a pamphlet published at v Charleston in 17%, were furnished us by 44 D. A. R.," of Beaufort, S. 0., who 1ms our thinks. 44 South Carolina ne.r.iy resembles ah triangle. It is bounded on the east by!if the Atlantic Ocean and extends thereon je about two hundred miles: on the south s and partly on the west, by the liver Sa- a vaunah: and on the north and ) a tly on o the west, by North Carolina. 1 hesc two \ s last mentioned boundary lines npproxi-; b mate to each otlicr auoui mree iiuimnu j .. miles from the sea coast, ami in the \i- < ti cinity of the Alleghany Mountains." ; n ? ? * Ic " In treating of South Carolina, the a philosopher, as well as the politician, S must consider it as divided into n and /orer country. Nature has maiKcd it this distinction in many paiticulais.-- n Along the sea-coast, and for one hundred h miles westward, the country is generally v low and flat: from thence, to its western n extremity, it is diversified with hills, lis- s< ing higher and higher, till they terminate f1 in the Alleghany Mountains, which are h the partage ground of the eastern ami J1 western wateis. In the vallits between ' these hills a black and deep loumisfound. > This h:is l?een formed by abrasion I'miu the hills and from rotten trees and other vegetables which have been collecting lbr centuries. ; The Itivers < f the upper country origi- (i nate in the m >untains and are an ossein- e blagc of streams. After these have passed into the low country they move slowly S( and in a serpentine eon: s.- ti.l they em]>ty s, into the o. can. The rivers of the low j( country nr.*. properly, arms of the sea, extern ling but a few miles till tin/head in swamps and marsh* s.'* \ * ? * ? "The Climate of South Carolina is in }v a medium lietwccn that of t.-opieal countries and of cold temperate latitudes. It ivM-mbles the former in tie decree and duration of its summer heat, and the latter in its variableness. In t oj?ieal conn- 'l. tries the wannest and coolest days do 1 not, in the course of a twelve-month, vary " more from each other than sixteen de- \ gves of Fahrenheit; then is, rouse- 1 ijiieutly, but little distinction between ineir summer and winter. ]tut a variation of S.'t degrees between the lnat and it eold of different days in the same year, S1 and of 1(5 degrees in the different hours si .?? llu* untie ilnv. in Sontli C.irolina. is to u be found in its historical records. The 'l difference between our coolest and warm- m est summers, range between t-'d and '.Hi : 9:1-1 the difference between out mildest and severest winters range s between tl SI and 2S . Our greatest heat is some-j o: ij.nes less, and never much more, tlnn 11 Wlut ta'jes rlaee in tiie Kara% season in*o Jaltimore, Philadelphia and New lorl ; ?ut their warm weather docs not on an ; .vernge, continue above six weeks, while airs lasts from three to four months. >ur nights are also warmer than theirs, rhe days in Charleston are moderated iv two causes which do not ex just in an oual decree to the northward of it.; )nr situation, open and near tlie sea, alia s^surrounde# by water,* and not far listant from the torrid zone, gives ns a ! mall pro^rfjtm of |he #rade %ituls S Hii<Ji, bhAvin^ from flTe^outh-e^st, are^ Icafru.Uyxofl. "Idiosd^teiifcilfy setiii bonUln A. m. and^lfitf'infoVir Ae re-i nainocr?o& tl^rlny. " A second reason say lie assigned from tin #nlmost daily bowers of rain that fall* in the hottest of nr summer months." * * * * "April, May and June arc, in common, nr healthiest months; August and Scppniher the most sickly; April and May be driest; June, July and August tlio : rctte.-t; Xov^uhev the pleasantest. In omc years January, and in others Fe'ouary is the coldest month." * * * * "In the spring, when the sun begins > be powt rfnl, a languor nud drowsiness j gen. rally felt, respitation is acceleratd, and the pulse becomes quicker and ofter. Strangers are apt to be alarmed t these feelings and ant icq ate an increase f them with the increasing heat of the rason, but they find themselves r.glcealy disappointed. The human ffame so i?adily accommodates itfcelf to its sitnaion that the heat of June and July is, tof lost people, less distressing than tbo a nmmpfliirplr milder of Anvil L I " v " v""iv' I M nd May. On the other hand, thougW eptember is cooler than the proceeding! lontbs, it is more sickly awl the heat oi\ : more oppressive. Inspiration is dilinislicd and frequently interrupted; once the system, debilitated by the so-: ere weather of July and August, feds ; lore sensibly, and more frequently, a use of languor and lassitude. Jtcsides, lie coolness of the evenings in Seplenier, and the heavy dews that then full, j uiltiply ihe chances of getting cold. It on the whole, tlie most disagreeable i i.onth in the year.'' * * ? * l; 1 be evils that every year take place,; lore or less, in IMiiladelnhiii from drink lg cold water, are unknown in this city. :ir water lies so near the snrfuce of the ; arth that the difference of its tcmperaire from that of the common air is not j j gieat as o create danger. Instead of ichleii deaths fioin cold water, we liavej ) lame nt the same event from the ink mi-rate nse of spirituous liquor. The timulus of ardent spirits, added to tue imnlus of excessive heat, drives the !ood forcibly to the hrain and produces ltd consequences " Tt is a glorious exploit m a country lose maladies cliicily aiisc from lieat J :al moisture t > redeem its metropolis nin ,i}ninhr.,P. f;f the two. is the tost plentiful source of disease. Wlior?r nurds a house, fills a pond, or ra.'m a deserve well of a country." ? + ? ' It is no small advantage to th'e inhale J ants of Charleston, that they can. in the >aee of two hours, pany the heat of iiuiner, l?y going t<> Sullivan's Island, i here m my invalids, ospei ially children, 1 ave found a speedy restoration to health ml strength." * * * * i( Intermittent fevers arc common to osc who inhal.it in or near to the hanks i t' our rivers. <m tin* other hand. l?y re-j i 'vino into the lii;rli ami dry land, three j ivl'iMtr nul. s from the rivers, ponds. andj mill-dams, fevers may, for the most part l>c avoided. Of tins a reinnthah'c instance has lately occurred (1703) in St. Stephens, the inhabitants of which by quitting the swamps in summer and fixing themselves in a new settlement, called by theai l'ine-Ville, have, for two years past, in a great measure, escaped thrt diseases wl.ieh mv? rdnimnti in <hr? mofit sickly season of the year."' i * * * 4 14 TIic swamps of %mth Carolina terminate about one bur tired and ten miles from the sea-coast; fioin thence westward the country becomes more hilly : the inhabitants aie more ruddy and, in general, more healthy.'' * * " "Were it possible exactly to contrast the consuwptionx of New England with the fevers of South Carolina, the inhabitants of both would have nearly equal reason to be satisfied with the place of their nativity. As to long life our Eastern brethren have the advantage of us.? In pro|H>rtion to numbers, as lar as history and observation warrant a comparison, there are as many of their inhabi tans roach as of ours attain to 70. Extreme old ago, though not common, is sometimes attained by our citizens, especially b}' those who, in middle or early life, have migrated from the cold northern latitudes of Europe. A native of Charleston now (1700) resides in it, who is supposed by herself and acquaintances to be a hundred years old. I have been well informed of seven V>r eight others in different parts of the 6tnto who have reached, and in some pases exceeded that period. A particular census of the a ;ed inhabitants of this city was taken by Captain Jacob Alillif?au. in the year 1700. at the request cf a worthy citizen, since dead, from which it appeared that there were then in Charleston 108 white persons who were sixty years of age. 100 of these were upwards of 70, and one I OS. The white population, at that period, was about S,<km.i." * * <r * The Kfoexebatkd South.?Onr renders will have observed that since the return of the Editor and Proprietor of this paper from the North, we have expressed very decided opinions on the questions of re-construction, the treatment of traitors, the policy to be pursued with the freedmen, and other subjects of cqnal and messine importance. Alt lion eh Tug New South is hut u small ami apparently insignificant sheet, the standpoint from which we Vrrite gives us, we think, a clear, m s- of view and facilities to arrive at ju>t conclusions which our coteniporarics at Savannali, on the one side, and Charleston on the other, do not possess in an equal degree ; or, it nny be tli it, under the pressure of present surroundings?a medley of Cnion sol-.liers an.l civilians, and Confederates, some repentant, others still unsubdued, our neighbors lindit diiUcnlt to suit all their customers by enunciating a clearly defined policy to be pnrsu -d towards this Southern country. This has not escaped the observation of many thinking men among our uumer. ous readei s, and we are therefore in con stunt receipt of communications from prominent ami influential citizens both N*(ntli ami Smith. Oar limits arc too narrow t) notice many of these us we have determined to devote oir.s-!ve; , more to matters ?;f directly local interest, ! such as the building rip of The Xew Citv ! of the South on the shores of this magnificent bay of Port Royal. In order, however, to show the great advance in the right direction already made by some of the most influential former resi1 dents of this section we propose from ! time to time to give extracts from the host letters we receive. The following indicates the change of sentiment and disposition to yield quickly to the altered condition of society here. It is a sure step in the right direction. It cannot he long before harmonious action between North and South must he the result of such sentiments : " '\Ve arc now at the beginning of anew ! era. Society, after the subversion of , many of its former princ ipal elements, is just commencing to mould itself in new forms, and to assume new phases. Nothing hereafter, either politically or socially, can be exclusively Southern, while i at the same time 110 moral forces, set in motion by mere conquest, can so cntire: ly obliterate ancient prejudices as to make everything exclusively Northern." ****** 1 We will boldly ami honestly recognize the fixed political laet ?.i tne uoomion cu , slavery, together with its numerous trains of important consequences, such as the destruction of the preponderance of th.> large planters, while, on the other hand, we will consistently avoid and oppose the extreme radicalism of that class who would elevate the negro, to his own | detriment and the ruin of the country, above his normal condition as the working class under the new system of hired labor. We will consider the extreme Calhoun doctrine of fctate liiglits, with its logical consequences?Xullilrcation and Secession, rs forever decided against by the i.- me of the present conllict. We will avoid the bitter ami malignant spirI it which at present distinguishes the press in dealing with errors whose magnitude at least should make them rcsp? cfable; and we will assume a tone of kindness and moderation, so as to heal as soon as possible the wounds which have been inflicted in the long and terrible . , ...* i i? ?? SIMIV HOW SO lllil.UMUn ( iiimi. . * '* * ? ; A r. rival or the Otii Conn. lira.?A \ portion of t hi<; regiment arrived hero a lew days since from Savannah, v. hero tliey have been doing guard duty for a long time, bnt were recently relieved by the i.th liegnlars. The t?th Conn, is ;t fine regiment, under command of I.t. Col. Iloaly?a gallant and dashing young , officer. It was very popular at Savannah with all classes, and is distinguished for its soldiery bearing and discipline. It i; procaine mat uns rcgum-m \\m IOM-uu | here permanently. One or two other companies are expected to an ire soon. The following is a list of the o:ihvrs already here: I Lieut. Col. John G. Hea'y. ' Surgeon 11. MeXeiil. Captain G. '1'. Scott, C'onnl'g Co. A. Captain Win. A. Lee, " C. Lieut. J. IL Liwlor, Ael'g ()f. M ss. Lieut. John ILlgcr, AeCg Adj t. 2nd Lieut. William (Ilei son, Co. A. J;w ij? it. Liiinoud o>. L. 2:j I Li?mir. Siivit. Itaml.