Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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"I 1 "" ? 2 Indifferent neglect 01 Rotation and Diversification tion if Success is to be Att Progress Made in Spite To the Editor of The State: There are perhaps no topics on which agricultural writers have exnonilml mnro parno?lnp<i? than rota tion and diversification of crops, it is also possibly true that there is nothing to which farmers as a rule are more'indifferent than those principles ot good farming. Ancient Roman agricultural writers discussed them with wisdom and urged their general adoption, but the critical and complaining tone which prevails in their writing shows that Roman farmers were as indifferent to the ad\ ice given them in those days as are modern farmers. The tremendous efforts put forth for at least a generation ly our national k-partinent of agriculture show both the value ol rotation and diversification and the slow progress that is being made in persuading ?he farmers to abandon the one-crop system which prevails more or le.-s thr igl out the Unite 1 States. In no section ; re the disastrous results of the one-crop system more apparent than ir. the South, el- ..f . portion of the soil and the hot summers with their irregular rainfall, render rotation and diversification more essentially necessary to successful farming than in other sections. The desirability of adopting those principles has been so often and so ably discussed by those who are entirely capable of presenting their advantages and advisability that very little remains unsaid on the subject. It may be worth while to present a view, however. which is generallv overlooked but which furnishes additional ground for earnestly urging the abandonment of the one-crop system. It. all plans tor !iversifying. ii\< stock l:- a necessity. There are several r?-a.- for this. t<diversification r? i 1 .;. and it re r that r . :i may t p.- i a 1 -. i i ' to ! sto' i to v. i.i< h tnav be t: 1 : hguit.inots crop i: . :r? ? sary j rt o ?* I':. av? fan. r : -v- i: : at ing 1 land ' 1m- ni- rt ,y ? he t.gc-s ' .? crop OV' rlo. >k it; - entirclv ha' red a: ion .!. order to be bene;. ill nr ombrac some crop that can be turned under In order that vegetable matter ma> be left in the soil. In following anv plan of rotation, route food crop iprodueed. which will be wasted unless there is stock on the farm to eat it. I;v feeding this crop to stock a market can be found for it. otherwise it must be lost. Agricultural writers demonstrate the wisdom of these suggestions by directing attention to the middle West, where the farmers sell wheat, corn, oats, hay and live stock as well as other crops. The prosperity of the farmers of the middle West is proverbial. There it is a demonstrated fact that rotation and diversification produce prosperity by giving the farmer a greater va, riety of crops; so that a failure in one may be compensated tor h\ a success in another. Tin-re is a reason for this, which I will attempt to present, in the hope that it may as tiusi mi some aegree towards convincing on * farmers of the* ad vantage of adopting those great principles oi scientific agriculture. ""There can be no doubt that those who are most familiar with farming know that it is the most hazardous occupation in which men are onegaged. Insurance figures show that theproportion of personal injuries on farms is larger than that of other occupations. This doubtless will surprise everyone who does not know the fact, but in states where such records are kept this statement seems Bof.urely established. Not only is the hazard ;.reat in the manner referred to , but the farmer can in advance tell neither ow much ho will have to sell nor what he will get for it. In this particular the farmer stands fllnilP for in all At'nor aoch r,n t I either the output or the price to he obtained is known within reasonable limits. The manufacturer knows exactly how much of his products he will have to sell; he is uncertain only as to the price he will get. Ho speculates as to the price of his wares only. The merchant knows exactly what his profit will he and he'takes a chance only on selling his goods. Ho speculates on the quantity bf his sales only. The day laborer and the salaried man know exactly what they will get and they take a chance only on finding employment. They speculate only with respect to the quantity of the services they can sell. The farmer, however, takes a chance boih FARMERS PPORTUNITIES of Crops Must Claim Attenained in the South?Slow of Tremendous Effort. on the quantity he will have to sell and the price he will get for it. If the price of cloth is unsatisfactory, the manufacturer can with mathematical certainty reduce his output, for he knows the exact capacity of every machine in his mill. If the merchant considers it inadvisable to buy as usual, he will buy a smaller Stock of EOOds. If times imnrnvo however, the manufacturer can immediately increase the capacity of his mill and the merchant can immediately increase his stock of goods. If, however, the price of cotton is low and the tanner concludes that it ;s desirable to reduce his acreage 25 per cent, he may nevertheless, through fortuitous seasons produce the same quantity that he "cad grown the year before; and h - may on the other hand, plant the same number of acres, work it in the same v.u'-et; I manner and yet produce only half of his previous year's crop. The tanner can not change his plans to ^uit the demand for his produce, as the demand and prices change, lie is always tied up for a year and lie must make his preparations months in advance of the time when he will have something to sell. Others can meet conditions as they arise. After reducing his acreage to meet low prices, the far mer can make no change until the following year although prices may become most inviting in the meantime. It is. therefore, plain that if the farmer can by any method minimize the speculative character of his occupation, lie will be greatly benefited. The nearer he can approach the condition of the .manufacturer, the merchant or the laborer, who speculate only in one way. the better off he will be; because, under ordinary circumstances the farmer specula *es In two ways. Live stock offers a wa> out of tins double speculation which confronts the farmer. The increase of live stock i- not dependent on favorable - a iii- ?'a 11 ;e, p gs t nd hot's' s w , 11 increase regularly w thoui regard to oxcessivi rain- or to excessive !r night, rhey a ill require th- a me quantity jf forxistuf.s, but tlx farm r :naK 'S .1 -irpii crop o! si>ch produ , one year and a short crop tin- nest. It he lias live stock his surplus can be carried over, and an average quantity can be maintained front year to year. In this wa\ the farmer will be, so far as live stock and feedstuff* are concerned, practically in the position of the manufacturer. His out-! put will be certain within reasonablel limits and be will speculate only on the price he will get for his stock, for the quantity he will produce for' the market will be fixed. This system will put the farm on an entirely different basis from that it is now on. It will be self-sustaining and will consume all of its raw produce and will sell only the finished product, towit: live stock. A farm operated on this system will enable the farmer to regard his cotton as practically a surplus crop anrl return a largi quantlty of vegetable matter to ik sail. As it is at present the soil is denuded year after year of vegetable t*ier. Having no live stock, the farm . n not afford to plant lcgumino tr for the sake of the fertilizers in then., as the expense is almost prohibitive. With stock to consume his clover, vetch and peas, he can grow them for feeding purposes and for the wealth of nitrogen they leave in the soil, as well as for the large amount of vegetable matter that can be turned under. Humus not only provides fertilizer, bu talso improves the mechanical condition of the soil and enables it to withstand drought. While Southern farmers admit that our soils need great quantities of humus or vegetable matter, it is perhaps not generally known that we are more in need of it than other sections. We are so accustomed to hear on the stump and elsewhere that we have the finest climate and the best soil in the world that it reijuires considerable courage to doubt the fine phrases that reach our ears. There are serious defects in both soil and climate, which our people ought to know. No good can be accomplished by concealing the facts. It is true ('olds Need Attention. Internal throat and cheat troubles produce inflammation, irritation, swelling or soreness and unless -becked at once, are likely to lead to serious trouble. Caught in time Dr. Hell's Pine-Tar-Honoy loosens the phlegm and destroys the germs which have settled in the throat or nose. It is soothing and healing. Pine is antiseptic; honey is soothing ?both together possess excellent medicinal qualities for fighting cold germs. Insist on Dr. Bell's PineTar-Honey. 25c all druggists. 1 THE LANCASTER NEW thai we have a flue climate and flu soil, but lucre are climates and soi! that are just as good and some tbs .are better. The weather bureau ca demonstrate from its records tha I while the annual rainfall of the Sout is very great, most of it comes in th winter time, when there are no grov ing crops to use it, and that our se< ' tion suffers more from drought tha | any other section of the Unite j States, the arid and partly arid r< gions being, of course, exceptet ' | When these facts are considered 1 i connection with the heat of our sun mers, when our crops are grcwinj c.nd in connection with our large are of sandy soil., the desirability c adopting a system that will aid u ! j in overcoming the effects produce I iiennnla IK- .nil. ?... .1 v.. v?FwiM.?; vu sntiu.v ovno u? ui UU^Ill! which come during the crop-growin season, needs no further arguiueni Live stock will help us in meetin these unfavorable conditions and wil serve to reduce tlie speculative an hazardous elements in Southern agri culture. The present approach of th boll weevil compels changes. Wh not prepare for him? W. T. AYCOCK. ('olutubia. The Ideal Newspaper. Waldo P. Warren, in \ssociated Ad vertising. Tiie Ideal newspaper is the lionn newspaper. It is a paper which is si filled with good thoughts tor ever; member of the family that it finds \ warm welcome and ai. eager read ing whereaver it boos. It is fret- fron crime and scandal and unwholesome tilings. It takes more pride in the quality of its circulation than in tin mere quantity. It is not boastful 1101 too much given to finding fault. 1 wins the confidence of the people l>> its simplicity, honesty, purity anc! progressiveness. It handles the newt of today in a manner which appeal: to the better class of people and tc the better nature of all people. It em phasizes the hopeful features of tin news rather than the discordant ones. It has a permanent location foi its special features. It is an authority on whatever it undertakes to exploit. It has a reputation for cor rcetness. It regulates its advertising pages ;>y reasonable requirements recarding display and illustration, -> that the page represents a pleasing whole. The (ii'Ciit JJli--?iu^. Iv\ Walt Mason. We have much iv.i-ji: : . ??? ri m :i 1. iiicc heri s no v.artare. prim unci imtetul. within tins smiling country's border v slay not at some mar dial's orders. In Kuropc men an now preparing for months of freezing tincl despairing; they'll spend the winter in the trenches, while foes, with guns and monkey wrenches, make daily efforts to dislodge them, and they'll be too blamed cold to lodge- them. Olt. when you're seated in your rocker, with trusty pipe and shilling shocker, with peace and comfort all around you, and not a peril to confound you, think hov. your trans-Atlantic cousins are be lug shot up by the dozens. There are no comforts in the trenches; no rocking chairs or padded benches; there are no sprightly evening papers to t"ll the latest football capers. The :>o?: n. ml stand in muddy water, and ield the musket and the swatter end h'.\er in the biting blizzard, wli! 1 : rec zes them from nose to gizzard. )h, think of that while you are ro< ' ing before the fire and blithely talking of White House brides and in ine taxes think of the swords an I v ,l t le-e VPs' p/,WVU,WjrU*'U%>-v / 111 1 Li. rr?nrr- war i 0W?/3$Qrr Rod Cross Seals 01 Bank of Lancaster. First National Bank. Farmers Bank & Trust Co. Standard Drug Co. J. B. M DECEMBER 28, 1915. r a ?, r - ? ?- ? m m m m.. m m rT VTT T crTTT i ' ' ^ "lT^xrv ~ I 1 b + ? WHAT IS RELIGION? " + n I II t. ^ Columbia Record. e A beautiful incident, illustrating r- "What is religion," has been related to us by one of the older citizens of n Columbia. James Woodrow, the great scientist, who 20 years ago was at the head of the State University, ' had been abroad and was returning n to America. Incidentally, it may be l" said of Dr, Woodrow that his learning was so profound, and at the same a time so accurate, that he was during his lifetime the only American v. ho IS had ever been offered a professorship in a great German university and 5* head of an entire department. He 8 was complimented by many unlvcrsi l- ties with honorary degrees in addl? tiou to those which he had achieved " for himself in the lecture rooms Upon the occasion of this returin l" trip to America, Dr. Wcodrow was ' discussing with a friend the beauties * of Christianity. The man was an agnostic. "If Christianity is so good." lie interprosed, "why are thor * so many sects? Why is it that one sect differs so from another and some 1 believe that their own offers the onlvj - plan of salvation?" Dr. Woodrow's reply was charac3 teristic. "My friend, can you con? ceive of two religious sects furthet J apart than the Roman Catholics an; i the Presbyterians? i am a Presby terian and I judge, from his garb 1 that yon passenger Is a Roman 1 church priest. Let us speak with! i him." They engaged in conversation - with the priest and Dr. Woo.lrowj r sa'd, "I wish to discover the difteri ence in the fundamentals of our he-1 liefs." He then stated five funda-, I mental points in the doctrin^ of tlie 5 Calvinlflta. The nriesf ti?tene.l i attentively. "If those a-e voir, > fundamentals, they are the same as[ mine," lie replied, "and I consider t that nothing else is essential and that t those beliefs will save." I?r. Wood row's manner of replying to his friend made a profound ini pression, and the latter, upon his r? turn to the European continent, pro- j fessed conversion and joined a l'rot-| estant church. He learned that there are many sects, tut there H hut one Christ: :iitv. and Christianity is the onlv re . ligion. The others are superstiti ons or fail to satisfy. T<*n yours ago there 1 ved in this ? i y a man who was universally bolo\ed His powerful intellect and his . simple, childlike faith, combined in a remarkable way to point him out a* a man of piety. None doubted his sincerity, none questioned his w is-1 ilotn. When ite died there was pul:-j lished a symposium of tributes as re-1 markable as were ever paid to any] citizen of this state, and some came: from the clergy of the Roman ('nth-1 oik church. For they loved him asj n man. admired him as a scholar, and were impressed with the depth of his' real religion.?Sam M. Smith. It was but the afterglow of his own noble life. He loved the Catholic i priests in a personal and a religious way and was interested in their work. Yet. so deep were his convictions, so true his sense of duty, that no force or power in this world would havei led him to declare his own churtv | and its beliefs to be any but the best.! He had a compassion for souls, a' love of all mankind, a respect for al.j forms of Christianity, a true faith in God. And what is true religion out the great ethical tenet laid down by the Great Teacher? Unselfishness. Uikvrv iisl \ s llll i Sale in Lancaster at r ?r>i iianw>Bi,ci r uaruiucy. Lancaster Drug Co. Lancaster Mercantile Co. B. C. Hough, ackorell. I I Use Your Whole I House this Winter I T^VON'T let cold weather o I lock you up in one room. I A Perfection Smokeless Oil I Heater will bring glowing I warmth and cheer to every I room of the house. With the Perfection Heater near, vou I can dress in comfort, clean in com- j fort, set the table in comfort, and live in comfort generally. The Perfection gives 10 hours of glowing warmth on one gallon of oil. Clean ? quick?convenient Use Aladdin Security Oil or Diamond ^ White Oil to obtain best results in Oil Stoves, Lamps and Heaters. STANDARD OIL COMPANY (New Jersey) SB BALTIMORE i?? B Washington. I). C. Charlotte. N. C. WB Norfolk. Va. Charleaton, W. Va. Richmond, Va Charleaton, S. C. Ij H Look for the Tri- 91 I angle Trademark. BHPS? B fl In many styles and ? B sizes at hardware / fi and general stores /] \ B everywhere. S Hlgknt OKard^ ^ 1 Subscribe to The News U TELEGRAM I * ] i o o i i a > > ???^? J !' To the People of Lancaster County: $ *" \\T~ 1 J-.JJ-J i. ii ait\u ueciueu 10 inrow our entire Five Thousand 'I + Dollar Stock of Furniture on the market during the month of December at $ PRICES CUT TO PIECES. i; I We went after these goods during the summer months T with the HARD CASH, when a great many of the fac- I tories were badly in need of money and we got f BETTER DISCOUNTS THAN EVER BEFORE, i I ' ? a I f Now, we have decided to give the people the benefit of i? ? those good discounts and of our good fortune in buying \l when we did. 2 5 ;; Our line of CAMERON Ranges and Cook Stoves is the ?? best made and \ j ABSOLUTELY FOOL PROOF. jj ;; We do our own work and have no clerk-hire to \\ ;; pay; we do our own hauling; we are out of the 4. high-rent district and we give you the saving on \ \ all these. j \ i? \ Knight Bros, j j t We are just opposite the ticket office of the Southern i Railway. Look for our name over our door.