The Lancaster news. (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, December 10, 1915, SECTION TWO, Image 9
US The Lancaster Newsc^T
k VOL. 11, NO. 19, SEM 1-\VEEKLY. LANCASTER, S. C. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 10. l!lir> " ... ... .
STRONGER ARMY AND
NAVY IS WILSON'S PLEA
Continued from Page Two.)
which now ranks very high Indeed
among the navies of the maritime nations.
We should now definitely determine
how we shall complete what
we have begun, and how soon.
The program to bo laid before you
contemplates the construction within
five years of ten battleships, six bat*
tie cruisers, ten scout cruisers, fifty
destroyers, fifteen fleet submarines,
eighty-fiye coast submarines, four gunboats,
one hospital ship, two ammuniif
tion ships, two fuel oil ships, and one
regular repair ship. It is proposed
that of this number we shall the first
year provide for the construction of
two battleships, two battle cruisers,
three scout cruisers, llften destroyers,
five fleet submarines, twentv-llve coast
submarines, two gunboats, and one
hospital ship; the second year, two
battleships, one scout cruiser, ten deBtroyers,
four fleet submarines, fifteen
coast submarines, one gunboat, and
one fuel oil ship; the third year, two
battleships, one battle cruiser, two
scout cruisers, Ave destroyers, two
fleet, submarines, and fifteen const
p submarines; the fourth year, two battleships,
two battle cruisers, two scout
cruisers, ten destroyers, two fleet sub
marines, fifteen coast submarines, one
ammunition ship, and one fuel oil
ship; and the fifth year, two battleships,
one battle cruiser, two scout
cruisers, ten destroyers, two fleet submarines,
fifteen coast submarines, one
gunboat, one ammunition ship, and
one repair ship.
More Men for the Navy.
The secretary of the navy is asking
also for the immediate addition to the
personnel of the navy of 7,500 sailors.
1,200 apprentice seamen, and
1,500 marines. This increase would
be suflicient to care for the ships
which are to be completed withIn
the fiscal year 1917 and also for the
number of men which must be put in
training to man the ships which will
be completed early in 1918. It is also
necessary that the number of midshipmen
at the Naval academy at Annapolis
should be increased by at least
three hundred
If this full program should be carried
out we should have built or building
in 1921, according to the estimates
of survival and standards of classification
followed by the general board
of the department, an effective navy
consisting of 27 battleships, of the first
lino. 6 battle cruisers. 25 battleships
of the second line, 10 armored cruisers,
13 scout cruisers, 5 first-class
cruisers. 3 second-class cruisers, 10
third-class crulsors, 10S destroyers, 18
fleet submarines, 157 coast submarines.
6 monitors , 20 gunboats. 4 supply
ships. 15 fuel ships. 4 transDorts
3 tenders to torpedo vessels, 8 vessels.of
special types, and 2 ammunition
ships. This would be a navy fitted
to our needs and worthy of our
traditions.
Rut armies and Instruments of war
are only part of what has to bo considered
If we are to consoler the supreme
matter of national self sufficiency
and security In all Its aspects.
There are other great matters which
will be thrust upon our attention
^ whether we will or not There Is. for
example, a very pressing question of
trade and shipping involved in this
great problem of national adequacy.
It Is necessary for many weighty reasons
of national oflciency and development
that we should have -a great
merchant marine. The great merchant
fleet wo once used to make us rich,
that great body of sturdy sailors who
used to carry our flag Into every sea.
and who were the pride and often the
bulwark of the nation, we have almost
driven out of existence by Inexcusable
neglect and Indifference and by a
hopelessly blind and provincial policy
of so-called economic protection It
Is high time we repaired our mistake
and resumed our commercial Independence
on the seas.
Need of Merchant Marine.
For It Is n question of Independ- |
ence. If other nations go to war ot
seek to hamper ogch other's com- j
merce, our merchants. It seems, are
at their mercy, to do with as they
please. We must use their ships, and
uso them as they determine. Wo have
not ships enough of our own. We
cannot handle our own commerce on
the seas. Our Independence Is provln- j
eial, and Is only on land and within
our own borders. We are not likely j
to be permitted to use even the ship*
of other nations In rivalry of their
own trade, and are without meane to
extend our commerce even where the
doors are wide open and our goods
desired. Such a situation Is not to t
be endured. It Is of capital importance
not only that the United 8tates
*1 should be its own carrier on the seas
and enjoy the economic Independence
which only an adequate merchant marine
would give it, but also that the
American hemisphere as a whole
should enjoy a like Independence and
self-sufficiency, If It Is not to be drawn
Into the tangle of European affairs, i
Without such Independence the whole
' 'r '*' " f ' :
~ "
1 question of our political unity and
self-determination is very seriously
clouded and complicated Indeed.
Moreover, we can develop no true
or effective American policy without
ships of our own?not ships of war,
but ships of peace, carrying goods and
carrying much more; creating friend- ]
ships and rendering indispensable
services to all Interests on this side
the water.
The task of building up an adequate i
merchant murine for America private
capital must ultimately undertake and
achieve, as it has undertaken and
achieved every other like task amongst
us in the past, with admirable enterprise,
intelligence and vigor; and it
seems to me a manifest dictate of wis
dom that we should promptly remove
every Je^al obstacle that may stand
in the way of this much to be desired
revival of our old independence und
should facilitate in every possible way I
the building, purchase and American ;
registration of ships Rut capital can- j
not accompliBh this groat task of a '
sudden. It must embark upon it by
degrees, as the opportunities of trade ,
develop. Something must be done at
once; Jono to open routes and develop
opportunities where they are as
yet undeveloped; done to open the ar- i
terles of trade where the currents
have not yet learned to run?special- ]
ly between the two American contl- I
nents. where they are, singular j
enough, yet to bo created and quickened;
and It Is evident that only the
government can undertake such beginnings
and assumn the Initial financial
risks When the risk has passed
and private capital begins to find Its
way in sufficient abundance into these
new channels, the government may
withdraw. Rut It cannot omit to be- j
gin. It should take the first steps,
and should take them at once. Our
goods must not lie piled up at our
ports, and stored upon side tracks In
freight cars which arc daily needed ;
on the roads; must not be left with- j
out means of transport to any foreign
quarter. We must not await the permission
of foreign ship-owners and
foreign governments to send them
where we will.
Must Provide Ships.
With a view to meeting the^e
pressing necessities of our commerce
and availing ourselves at the earliest
possible moment of the present unparalleled
opportunity of linking the
I two Americas together in bonds of muI
tual interest and service, an oppor1
tunity which may never return again
I if we miss It now. proposals will be
| made to the present congress for the
1 nurehase or cnnstriiclinn of nhtna to
be owned and directed by the government
similar to those made to the last
congress, but modided in some essential
particulars. 1 recommend these
proposals to you for your prompt acI
ceptance with the more contidence
bocause every month that has elapsed
sinse the former proposals were made
has made the necessity for such action
more and more manifestly imperative.
That need was then foreseen; it is
now acutely felt and everywhere realized
by those for whom trade is waiting
but who can find no conveyance
for their goods. I am not so much interested
in the particulars of the program
as I am in taking immediate advantage
of the great opportunity which
awaits us if we will but act in this
emergency.
There is another matter which
seems to me to be very intimately as1
sociutcd with the question of national
safety and preparation for defense.
I That is our policy towards the Philippines
and the people of Porto Rico.
Our treatment of them and their atti1
tude towards us are manifestly of the
! first consequence in the development |
of our duties in the world and in getting
a free hand to perform those duties.
We must be free from every unnecessary
burden or embarrassment;
and there is no bettor way to be clear
of embarrassment than to fulfill our
promises and promote the interests of
thoso dependent on us to the utmost.
Bills for the alteration and reform of
the government of the Philippines and
for rendoring fuller political Justice to
the peoplo of Porto Rico were submitted
to the Sixty-third congress. They
will be submitted also to you. I need
not Dartieularlzo fholr dotnila Vrwn
are most of you already .familiar with
them. Uut I do recommend them to'l
your early adoption with the sincere j
conviction that there are few measures"
you could adopt which wowid
more serviceably clear the way for
the great policies by which we wish to
make good, now and always, our right
to lead In enterprises of peace and
good will and economic and political i'
freedom.
The plans for the armed forces of
the nation which I have outlined, and
1 or the general policy of adequate'
preparation for mobilization and defense.
involve of course very large additional
expenditures of money?ex- .
pendltures which will considerably exceed
the estimated revenues of the
government. It Is made my duty by
law, whenever the estimates of expenditure
exceed the estimates of
revenue, to call the attention of the
congress to the fact and suggest any *
means of meeting the deficiency that
it may be wise or possible for me to '
suggest. I am ready to believe that It 1
would be my duty to do so In any case; 1
and I feel particularly bound to speak
of the matter when it appears that the
deficiency will arise directly out of
the adoption by the congress of mens- i
ures which 1 myself urge it to adopt. !
Allow me, therefore, to speak briefly 1
of the present state of the treasury ,
and of the fiscal problems which the
next year will probably disclose. )
State of the Finances.
On the thirtieth of June last there
was an available balance in the general
fund of tho treasury of $104,170,105.78.
The total estimated receipts
for the year 1916, on the assumption j
that the emergency revenue measure
passed by the last congress will not be \
extended beyond its present limit, the J v
thirty-lirst of December, 1916, and a
that the present duty of one cent per | (
pound on sugar will be discontinued j '
after the first of May, 1316, will be 1
$670,365,600. The balance of June last 1
and these estimated revenues come,
therefore, to a grand total of $774.- s
436,605.78. The total estimated dls- r
bursementa for the present fiscal year. ^
including $25,000,000 for the Panama
canal, $12,000,000 for probable de- '
flcieticy appropriations. and $50,- K
000 for miscellaneous debt rederap- *
tions, will be $753,891,000; and
the balance in the general fund of the 1
treasury *vill be reduced to $20,644,- '
005.7". i'he emmgency revenue art, if "
continued beyond its present time lira 1
itation, would pioducc, during the half 1
year then remaining, about $41,000,- "
COO. The duty of one cent per pound a
on sugar, if continued, would produce c
during the two months of the fiscal "
year remaining after the first of May, ''
about $15,-0(10 ono. Theso two sums, a
amounting together to $56,000,000. If c
added to the revenues of the second 0
half o> the fiscal year, would yiold the '
treasury at the end of the year an
available balance of $76,644,605.78.
The additional revenues required H
to carry out the program of military ?
and naval preparation of which I have ll
spoken, would, as at present estimated, u
be for the fiscal yeas 1917, $93,800,000. r
Those figures, taken with the figures *
for the present fiscal year which I
have already given, disclose our finuu- ^
cial problem for the year 1917. As a
suming that the taxes imposed by the a
emergency revenue act and the pres n
ent duty on sugar are to he dlscontiuued.
and that the balance at the close ri
of the present fiscal year will be only '
$20,6-14.605.78, that the disbursements K
for the Panama canal will again be
about twenty-five millions, and that Sl
the additional expenditures for the ''
iinuy una navy aro authorized by the
congress, the deficit in the general
fund of the treasury on the thirtieth
of June, 1917, wllj be nearly two hun- I
dred and thirty-live millions To thia
sum at least fifty millions should bo
added to represent a safe working bal- I
ance for the treasury, and twelve mil- ,
lions to Include the usual deficiency
estimates in 1917'; and these additions I
would make a total deficit of some two <
hundred and ninety-seven millions, if
the present taxes should be continued (
throughout this year and the next. <
however, there would bo a balance in
the treasury ?t some seventy-six and (
a half millions at the end of the pros I
ent liscal year, and a deficit at the
end of the next year of only some fifty '
millions, or, reckoning in sixty-two
millions for deficiency appropriations
and a sate treasury balance at the end t
of the year, a total deficit of some
one hundr d and twelve millions. The
obvious moral of the figures is that it
is a plain counsel of prudence to continue
all of the preesnt taxes or their
equivalents, and confine ourselves to
tlie problem of providing $112,000,000
of new revenue rather than $297,000,000.
New Sources of Revenue.
How shall we obtain the new revenue?
We nre frequently reminded
that there are many millions of bonds
which the treasury Is authorized under
existing law to sell to reimburse
the sums paid out of current revenues
for the construction of the Panama
canal; and it is true that bonds to the
amount of $22,422,000 are now avail*
ablo for that purpose. Prior to 1911
$128,000,000-of these bonds had actually
been sold to recoup the expenditures
at the isthmus; and now constitute a
considerable Item of the public debt.
Hut I, for one, do not believe that the
people of this country approve of
postponing the payment of their bills
Uorrowing money is shortsighted
finance It cun be Justified only when
permanent things nre to be accom
plished which many generations will
certainly benefit bv and whteh If
seems hardly fair that a single genera (
tlon should pay for. The objects we *
are now proposing to Bpend money "
for cannot he so classified, except in N
the sense that everything wisely done (
may he said to be done in the interest x
of posterity aB well as In our own. I "
seems to me a clear dictate of pruden; (
statesmanship and frank finance thut /
In what we are now. I hope, to undertake
we should pay as we go. The (
peoplo of the country are ontitled to t
know Just what burdens of taxation
they are to carry, and to know from (
the outset, now. The new bills should i
he paid by internal taxation.
To what sources, then, shall we f
turn? This Is so peculiarly a question I
which the gentlemen of the house of
representatives are expected under \
the Constitution to propose an answor m
to that you will hardly expect me to
, . V- ?r ,
lo more than discuss It In very goniral
terms. We should be following 1
in almost universal example of mod-1
;rn government if wo were to draw \
he greater part or even the whole of |
he revenues we need from the in-1
ome taxes. By somewhat lowering the ,
resent limits of exemption and the
lgure at which the surtax shall begin '
o be imposed, and by increasing, stop ,
>y step throughout the present gradu-1
ition. the surtax Itself, the income
axes as at present apportioned j
vouhl yield sums sutlictent to balance J
lie books of the treasury at the end '
if the tisral vear 1SH7 without nn?. I
vhore making the burden unreasonibly
or oppressively heavy. The preise
reckonings are fully and accuratey
set out in the report of tho secreary
of the treasury which will bo Imuedlately
laid before you
And there are many additional
ources of revenue which can justly be
osorted to without hampering tho inlustries
of the country or putting any
oo great charge upon individual exKMuliture.
A one per cent tax per
;allon on gasoline and naptlia would
dcld. at the present estimated prolucliou.
$10,000,000; a tux of 50 cents
ler horse power on automobiles and
eternal explosion engines. $15,000,ad;
a stamp tax on bank checks,
irobably $18,000,000; a tax of 25 cents
icr ton on pig iron, $10,000,000; a tax
if 50 cents per ton on fabricated iron
ml steel, probably $10,000,000 In a
ountry of great industries like this It
ught to be easy to distribute the burens
of taxation without making them
.nywhere bear too heavily or too oxlusively
upon any one set of persons j
r undertakings. What Is cloar Is, !
hat the industry of thlB generation
hould pay the bills of this generation. I
I have spoken to you today, gentle- i
aen, upon a single theme, the thorugh
preparation of the nation to care
or its own security and to make sure
f entire freedom p'ay the impartial
Die In this hemisphere and in the
rorld which we all believe to have
een providentially assigned to It. I
ave had in my mind no thought of
ny immediate or particular danger
rising out of our relations with other
ations. We are at peace with all
le nations of the world, and there is
eason to hope that no question in
ontroversy between this and other
overnments will lead to any serious
reach of amicable relations, grave as
Dino differences of attitude and policy
ave I), . a an.l may yet turn out to be.
WHY PUZ
: CHRIS!
: BECon
W H 1
I The Lai
ft Where selectic
\ GIFT!
ft Father, Mother, Sistei
ft
ft Parisian Ivory Toilet Art
^ (luccd, and we have some
p tides. Exquisite Perfur
g utmost refinement.
^ Fountain Pens?being
^ generally for gifts, and 1
^ sell are absolutely guai
? feet.
ft
p Cigars in Gift Pac
^ tliem here and see the rea
? that Father or Brother v
^ them. Joy with every pi
? ?>
% -7TTV- , _ . . .
I am sorry to Bay that the gravest
threats against our national peace and
safety have been uttered within our
own borders. Thsre are citizens of
the United StateB, I blush to admit,
born under other flags but welcomed
under our generous naturalization
laws to the full freedom and opportunity
of America, who have poured
the poison of disloyalty Into the very
arteries of our national lfe; who have
sought to bring the authority and
good name of our government Into
contempt, to destroy our Industries
wherever they thought It effective for
their vindictive purposes to strike at
them, and to debase our politics to
the uses of foreign Intrigue. Their
number Is not great as compared with
the whole number of those sturdy
hosts by which our nation has been
enriched In recent generations out
of virile foreign stocks; but it is great
enough to have brought deep disgrace
upon us and to have made It necessary
that we should promptly make
use of processes of law by which we
may be purged of their corrupt distempers.
America never witnessed
anything like this bofore. It never
dreamed it possible that men sworn
Into Its own citizenship, men drawn
out of great free stocks such as suppiled
somo of the best and strongest j
elements of that little, but how heroic, j
nation that in a high day of old staked
Its very life to free Itself from every
entanglement that had darkened the
fortunes of the older nations and set
up a new standard here?that men
of such origins and such free choices
of allegiance would ever turn In
malign reaction against the government
and people who had welcomed
and nurtured them and seek to make
this proud country once more a hotbed
of European passion. A little
while ago such a thing would bavo
seemed incredible. Because it was
incredible wo mado no preparation
for it. We would have been almost
ashamed to preparo for It, as If we
were suspicious of ourselves, our own
comrades and neighbors! But the
ugly and incredible thing has actually
come about and we are without
adequate federal laws to deal with it.
I urge you to enact such laws at the
earliest possible moment and feel that
in doing so I am urging you to do
nothing less than save the honor and
self-respect of the nation. Such creatures
of passion, disloyalty, and anarchy
must bo crushed out. They are
not many, but they are inlinitelv
!$ ?>?
j T
Jgj , V7I1 I
doini
?L* LANCAS'
:ZLE YOUR
rMAS SHO
1ES A PLEJ
EN YO U VI:
i caster Ph
>ns are good. Here
S FOR
\ Brother or Sweetheart?He
.icles?This is one of the most I
thing suitable for everyone i
aery?the kinds that mark tli
NO CHRISTMAS
, , OUT CANDII
used most We have prepa
the pens we of these and olFe
antrod per "theVrEAM f
Maillard's of New
kages Bin The Sweetest
I enjoyment Van Lindley's <
I ' ; - orders and have
'ill get from with your card er
llff. Make This i
?<
yi.PU A YEAR.
malignant. and the hand of our pov. er
should close over them at once. Thny
have formed plots to destroy property,
they have entered into consplrat i< s
against the neutrality of the government,
they have sought to pry into
every confidential transaction of the
government In order to servo interests
alien to our own. It is possible to
deal with these things very effectually.
' need not suggest the terms in which
they may be dealt with.
Are Disgrace to the Nation.
1 wish that it could be said that
ui?*y n iew men, misled uy mistaken
Hentiment8 of allegiance to the gove; jments
under which they were be...,
had been guilty of disturbing the selfpossession
and misrepresenting the
temper and principles of the country
during these days of terrible war,
when It would seem that every nuin
who was truly an American would
instinctively make it his duty and his
pride to keep the scales of Judgment
even and prove himself a partisan of
no nation hut his own. Hut it cannot.
There are some men among us, and
many resident abroad who, though
born and bred in the United States
and calling themselves Americans,
have so forgotten themselves and
their honor as citizens as to put their
passionate sympathy with one or the
other side in the great European conflict
above their regard for the peace
and dignity of the United States. They
also preach and practice disloyalty.
No laws, I suppose, can reach corruptions
of the mind and heart; but 1
should not speak of others without
also speaking of these and expressing
the even deeper humiliation and scorn
which every self-possessed and
thoughtfully patriotic American must
feel when ho thinks of them and of
the discredit they are dally bringing
upon us.
While we speak of the preparation
of the nation to make sure of her
security and her effective power wo
mutt not fall into the patent error of
supposing that her real strength
comes from armaments and mere safeguards
of written law. It conies, of
course, from her people, their energy,
their success in their undertakings,
their free opportunity to use the natural
resources of our great home land
and of the lands outside our continental
borders which look to us for
protection, for encouragement, and for
assistance in their development; frotn
the organization and freedom and vitality
of our economic life. The
ARE |
he Corner"
w
I business
"he Square" |
rER PHARMACY ?
1 BRAIN?:
pping :
I SURE I
SIT
mrmacy 1
you will find 0
; A R *1 ?
ire are a Few Items. O
?
beautiful lines ever pro- Q
11 these up-to-date ar ^
le user as a woman of ?
?___
IS COMPLETE WITH- O
SS AND FLOWERS. Q
red for the bijr demands ^
r only the REST on the
o
)F CONFECTIONERY. (J
' York. a*
Jacobs* of New Orleans
?
Flowers That (irow.
:>f Greensboro. We take
Flowers shipped direct ?
iclosed if you wish. o
i Sweet ( hnstmas. ^
tr-*? * ?(**" *