Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SUGGESTS COl FOR RURAL Si Educator Offers Suggestions for Sti l Schools?Paper Filled With V; The following paper giving some the soil: tl "'Suggestions for a Course of Study germinatio for County Schools" was written by growth tin Mrs. Hetty S. Brown, director of the ter and hot experimental farm school at Winth- proper cul rop college: the diseasi For a little over two yecrs now I and the ec< have been thinking and working on insects, bit this problem. I have had exception- the garden all opportunities in being allowed to ing the he work out my experiments untram- work will nielled and with the same nuiterlnlvs nhle ethiea and limitations that the average reliance rei country teacher has to face. All that others acul I shall tell you this morning has come ciseness of from this experience and is 110 theory sympathy, of mine or of any one else. I ap- tience, just preciate the breadth and importance formal woi of this subject so fully that even gardening though I have worked fatlifully on should ha' it for two years, I feel presumtuous of the sut n trying to handle in the short time love with I allotted to me a subject that calls for child in si t the thought of our wisest and best comes an a educators. I shall try, however, to tion of km give a general outline of what I think gresses, th such a course of study should in- consult bo< elude, hence my subject had better high schoo be culled, "Some Suggettons for a on agricult Course of Study for Country Schools, hands of tl In making out a course of study no right t there is great danger of making our only with < teaching too formal. Much as I de- tainly no t plore South Carolina's position in the younger cl scale of Illiteracy, the lack of funds Kvery /a for schools, the carelessness of her tain amou citizens to t.iKe advantage of the op- school can portunlties offered by the schools and ing the pu the inability of the schools themselve tools such to meet the demands of the hour, 1 house the think South Carolina's opportunity at school, for getting a suitable course of study boxes, labi is much more hopeful than that of garden, shi some of our more prosperous states cooking nn who have worked out a formal course and looms of study of which they nre very prud simple te and to which they are now busily things too employed in fitting teacher and pu- Cooking pll. It would defeat the real aim of part of th education if such an iron clad course school. Ev ui siuu> siiuuiu ue pui lino me learn to d< schools of South Carolina. Every kitchen an teacher confronts a problem of her may do th own and should be allowed to work preparatioi out that problem in her own way. orate eeui However, there are a few general spent in tl principles that apply to all country subject wt schools. I do not wish to confine this improved ] V term to schools in the open country people In ( alone, but to those in villages and wholesome towns as well. In fuct, that I ad- money to vocate is suited to almost any com- uries thro munity in the state. Of coure, where and ecorjo the pupils are to be taught "en mas- a greater i e" there will have to be decided voted to pi adptatlon, but the general principles tlirought t will hold good. methods o Now let us consider what we wish Sewing to accomplish through this course of hand as 1 study. Mr. EggleBton, in his excel- lessons mi lent books, "The "Work of the Rural from the School," which came form the press younget tc in the autumn, gives in a few terso greater sk sentences the goal for which we pie things should aim. He says: made such "The opportunity of the rural aprons, cai school in the building of our clvillza- In connect tion is summed up in the fact that It, manual ti more than any other one Instrument, should be controls the food-supply of the nation nishing an ?the foundation of our spiritual as But sot well as of our physical life. From leave out the point of view of the nation, the an u ?t work of the public school Is to get|t:nie In th a maximum product In efficient citi- in* -zenshlp out of the community to dle.Gspecii which it is assigned, and the disting- herself of i utshing mark of efficient citizenship be got fr in the rural community is skill in the gardening, production of food. From the point nection wi of view of the local community by den plots, which the individual school is main- in the sti tallied, the work of the school is to zatton I organize the community life, to in- p ants, hi spire It with national and social ideals are put. to increase its social economic well- o? portun being, and to bring to the community o* accouri the benefits of modern invention, the given in i most recent achievements in science ous mater! and art. From the point of view of taking frai the children the work of the school urea. In s is to conserve their health to lead measuriug them into an understanding of civlll- tering the ration, and so to train their faculties portunity that they may advance their Individ- arithmetic ual welfare through efficient work in- amount of the service of their homo, their coin- purpose a munity, nnd the nation " sary. Now if the rural school controls Mending the food supply of the nation to such a nee and an extent it must not only make for the tench more efficiency in the production of degenerati farm products, but must create an There is a atmosphere of country life optimism ical work, and respect nnd esteem of those who taught am till the soil. Agriculture in its broad- precede tli est senso must bo the central theme become a of the school. There must bo a gar- be used m den with Individual lots. Through short sent his work here, at first hand not sec- in which / end hAitd from books, he will learn reading m the seasonal changes and the weuther piny instl conditions the kinds of soil and the board sho effects of weather and moisture on the work 'I'll K I.ANCASTKIt NEW r t tlon cards and perception strips ar. I lull <*H on r\ aiwl Aoollif ? -? -1 ~ i 1?.. unvt can11J UlUUU uy LIU teacher. One primer or even tw< ^ are not enough for the child to rea*. I before he attempts to road a firs ^ 1 1V^ Vy JLlkJ reader. Mr. Tate mak.cB an excel lent uggestlon that we have sets o! readers in our chool libraries to sup idies in the Country plement the reader owned by the pu pil. This leads me to say that bj tillable Matter. 1 the proper selectlou of books for th< chool library pupils may learn to reai for themselves by reading during le plants, their manner of their spare minutes at school and bj n from seed and their taking books home. We teachers nee. to encourage silent reading more thai ?lr tieed of food and wa" we do at present. I have found thh v these are supplied by the pjau valuable. Encourage the pupi tivatiou and fertilization; wj1Q can reai} farlly well to read louc es that infect the plants a group of other pupils. As tin >nomic value of the worms nsterners have no books, the on* ds and animals that visit reading relazes that 'he must giv< i. In addition to conserve ^jiern the story and this desire wil talth of the children, this an expresion to hio reading thai give opportunity for valu- teacher never dreamed was then 1 lessous. These are self- j,efore> The teacher should havt spect for the rights of higher ideals for reading. Leness of observation, con- gjie 8hould see that the pupil get* statement, well-balanced on|y ^he hest of literature. She inus honesty, persistence, pa- jearn to tell a story to the pupils en ice and courage. All of the courage them to tell it back to hei k should grow out of the an(j then dramatize it. Poems suit activities. The teachers e(j the child should be memorized *.e a thorough knowledge The futher use of language wil ?jects and be so much in taught by allowing the pupils t* It that she may direct the write simple statements of work don* ich a manner that he be- an(j observations made, account ictlve agent in the acquisl-^y trips to the farm to study til* >w ledge. As the work pro- > farm animals, to the corn mill, t< ie pupil is encouraged to the Cotton gin and to the cotton mil )ks for information. In the an(j the stores. A good text booi 1 a well-written text book fnt. i ? .u,.bu<*BT7 auu nmraiure is essen :ure might bo put into the t|ai when pupils can use it intelli tie pupil but of this I have RPntiy but should only systematiz. o speak as I am deal'n; the Work being done never take th< jlomentary schools and cer p|ace Qf it, ext book is needed for the Geography begins with the firs illdren. lesson gardening. Let it extend grad ,rmer needs to know a cer- uauy from the study of the phys'o nt of carpentering. The1 graphic features of the play-grounc easily teach this by allow -' t othose of the neighborhood. Thej ipils to make with simple! wben the neighborhood is learaei as are found in every farm with this as a unit, study the stati things needed for wor't ,and then the section of states, thei These may Include lies, \ the country as a whole and final): sis, etc., for work in the the continents. At first, all of thi elves, hooks and covers for moral Instruction, then later whei iterials kept in the kitchen the pupii reads well enough and feel for weaving soil testers, the need of maps, charts, etc., lv rariums and many other1 may be given a text book on geog numerous to mention. raphy. Oral instruction must alway must form an importnat accompany this work in the tex e instruction given in the book however. en the very youngest can Part of the work of the rural sclio j the simplest work of the j jS to the pupils into an "under d the older boys and girls standing of civilization." This ma e work requiring more he accomplished through the stud 11. There need he no elab- 0f history. It must begin with th n 111 P nt Hnu'Avor . ? j smile torms of human life when fooi lie proper teaching of this wa8 (jle only problem of existence 11 yield rich returns in the when to this problem was add health and tempers of the ,Mj that of shelter and so on up t the community through |)0ok may be used from the bcginnin !, well-cooked food, in more |)Ut the pupil should be encourage be spent for seeming lux- tD engage in the activities in whic ugh the practice of thrift the people of whom he is studyin my In the kitchen and in , engaged to make the crude weapons imount of leisure to be de- the simple cooking utensils and wea leasure and recreation the rude hammocks, mats, etc. H he use of more efficient should try to represent on the san f housekeeping. table or tho blackboard, or with pa and cooking go hand In per an,i pencils the hunting scenei louehold arts. A series of i etc. \y be planned progressing Drawing is a valuable mode of ei simpler stitches for the pression of which we country teach ? tho ones that require eers do not take enough advantage ill for older pupils. Sim- it should not degenerate into themer for use at school may be copying of the things the pupil see l as towels. work-bags, around him. Important as represer ps. bean bags, balls, etc tation is the best way for the pupil :ion with the drawing and to become conscious of the beaut -alnlng simple Instruction about him is to first learn to creat given in the proper fur- beauty of line, space and color, d care of the home. do not recommend that any drawin if ."ine is nfr.i'.t ?ln? I i''"11 ' * . books ne put into the hands of th the three it's entirely, hut pupils, but that a generous supply c They have be-sn ill all the paints, crayons, and drawing pape e work of the garden, the be supplied with them, kitchen a*"*, with the nee- School should not only be a plac illy must the teacher avail to prepare for work, but should als the amount of arithmetic to teach the pupil how to use his lois om these activities. In | ure moments.' Therefore, an import problems will arise tn con- ant part of our program should b th the laying off of the gar- i the learning of good songs. Thes in She planting of the seed, nhould be so suited to the child's e> idy of soil, in the fertili- perience that he will unconsciousl , -.o- h.. ??ii:g of the; sing them wjth expression. Alon s the ?? j ,o which they with the work for proper tone quallt If ?n?> i ? . ' t: i-> give- ? should draw the pupil's attentio Y f r ICS'Ilia* the k'.opln;; to the elements of rhythm, duratio .' i c.. ?.: * drill will be, and pitch. This will lead naturall lit :ii.m <; of the ?.irl- to notation so that the older child re lals used in cooking and In can use a book intelligently, ctional parts of these meas- \ great deal has ucen made of th ewing, there will be*fnuch teaching of physiology and hygiene i and drafting. In carpen- our elementary schools. This instriu re will be Lhe greatest op- Hon Is best given incidentally whil to work nut problems in gradening. working in the shop, ant There mut be a certain best of all, when cooking or sewin drill, however, and for this ,\ book may be found helpful for th good arithmetic is neces- children who can read well cnoug to use it intelligently. ; Is of the utmost import- Spelling Is last, but not least. ] great care must be paid to hould form a part of every lessoi Ing of it. It must never The child should learn to spell tli 9 into mere word calling, names of the tools he uses, the m; certain amount of median- tennis with which he works, and tli i>uuiiivBa en*., iurn must Delict Ions which he performs. In add I taught well, but thla must tlon, there should be work In a spel io reading lesson and never lug book but thla work ahould nev? rt of It. Tho matter to ike the place of the worda wil uat be simple, and direct, In which he comes In dally cntact. ences and about things Rut the value of the school Is sma a child Is Interested. The If It stops at the school house. iust take advantages of the should touch the life of every huinr net. Work on the blai-k- being In the community. The lnflt uld precede and supplement ence of the school must he folt. for tl In the book. Charts Dercep- entire twelve months of the year an ....... ? - ... a S, JUNE 19, 1914. the school plant mut not only be in f|| n Tfl| I/O Clklf use (luring the morning of five days UUI lULIlO I I 111 ) in the week, but in the afternoon All li j and evenings as well of six or seven I 01 I r t days iu the week. The school thus 1 . becomes the center for the entire DriTe?Weumatic Pai r community. The farmers of the neigh , flat kirKr borhood gather here for instruction D^^deraAr from the government expert or the Few Doses Aj r extension workers In agriculture from Taken / j j Clemson or Wlnthrop college. There I I ; are demonstrations and informed Sleep disturbing blsfii . m? etlngs in which the farmers them- hesses, backache, rheum ' , . ? . ,. , . . the many other kindre , selves tell of some line of work in which so Commonly comc I which they have been successful. Per- jng years, need no longer ( haps one will tell how to grow alfalfa of dread and misery to th< another how to raise pigs, and so on. Pa4? m'dd'e age of life .p, , * * . - .. .. The new discovery, Crc , The school is also a center for the dis comes aU ?uch disonJers b j semination of literature on subject moves the very cause of the ^ of farming, such au farm journals, soaks right into the kidnc government bulletins and books on the walls and linings; cle 1 agriculture and kindred subjects. The L^tle g,ands ant gives me Kiancys new str ! farmer's wife comes to the school too their work properly. It t for instruction and inspiration in th - and dissolves the poisono art of home-making. Here she re- substances that lodge in j | celves instruction from the govern- Vhe ?*dniy? fi', ment demonstrfation and the exten- out all the poisonous w sion worker in domestic science from ??????????? t Winthrop college. Then there are the Hoys' Corn Club" and the "Girls' Tomato Club." Thus, through agriculture. cooking and sewing the work Q | of the school is projected into that of ^ J the home and the work of the home , } i into that of the school. A course of Durill"' M study would be inadequate if it did . . ' not give the school the opportunity to SIIloKO lUf L make this vital .connection with the *IfiU'Vis ( Ml 1.1 II 5 home. and oneVml , . To summarize briefly: Hear Kci'sha { The work of the farm and the farm wol't, home must form the central theme of ' ( any course of study designed for the K M ^ ailG rural schools. It must provide for V\ INI) aild i the bringing of the home and school 1 into a closer relationship. The child t?-ei a n ! must be an active agent in the gain- R. T. BEAT ing of knowledge for himself he must Bank be given the opportunity to express Qj? D. 1 j his own individuality through the use of both oral and written language, ^m^? j and by means of drawing, clay model- __________________ R ing and manual training. Greater em ;that might not have a fai j phasis must be placed on the teaching graded school within ea ^ of reading. The child must be able, consolidating the dlstrlci s to get the thought readily from the , in aome iocalitles a wag. printed page. The reading matter in the country children is 8 given to the child must be suited to ; part of the educational e( p his needs, simple direct and possess- lhe traditional blackboar ing literary value. The books in the , ..yke some other poor b; school library should be selected for , the little red sch0ol hoi .the younger as well as the older ehii-, . - t - - - ? ? ; mainly on prejudice and n dren, and all should be encouraged 1 If educating children Is w j to read them. The problem in arith- effort, to give them toleru , metic arising from work In garden, teaching is worth just a kitchen and carpenter shop hould ,,ffort " form the important work In this sub- _____ jet. Geography and history should KKI?KK.AI- < HII.D LAI 11 lead him to an understanding of the world in which he lives and of the b people that inhabit it. Drawing int.- 1>r' > < Keluay Claims tie sic and gymnastics are not to he re- s ^Hciicilt l-'r o garded as accessories but as vital sub New York, June 1 d jects in our course of study. McKelway, Southern se h With such a course of study, our Uu> National chiId Lftbor R country school could well say in the has Jwi fi,e(, with the h() ,, ,vord9 of Dr- B H Bailey: tee on labor a written . v * teach statements of the three l c The earth and soil jlna mm owners> who spo d, tbem toil> ington recently, against i- and '(:n Owen federal child labo s, To common men McKelway quotes their o1 That live just here; ,9how thal they would t :- I such legislation. i- "The P,ants that Krow I He remind the commit >. The wlnd9 that b,ow mill president said at t a The streams that run l were today to cong is' *n rain and 8Un immediate selfish interes i- , Throughout the year, plovment, I would be gla< s j to have a child in my I "The shop and mart, .. j uuuur it years 01 age; 11 The craft and art labor.- and Dr. McKelwa j h< men today, that If this statement g The Part they P,ay stand, the Congress of e In humble sphere; States wl? rea?y be d()in >f ' manufacturers of South r "And then 1 Iead service by forbidding I Through wood and mead. ment of dear ,abor e ' Through moid and sod. The 8amft mil, pres,de Q Out unto God tQ a qUestion from the i-1 * teach. had congratulated .Califor t-i high age limit and said: ,e llurul Education. lieve that in South Carol e Saturday Evening Post. as conditions justify s c-' "It ought to bo pretty well under- !sentiment, the people thei y stood by this time that the one-room provision also for the e g rural district school, beloved of our the children and for the y grandfathers is mostly a scandalous the children." Again Dr n j institution. The typical teacher is a comments: "If Mr. Par u girl Just out of normal, much under- fellow manufacturers will y paid, sometimes overworked and opposition to child laboi n sometimes with only half a dozen by the state of South Cai pupils of assorted ages. will be little left to over e "A Vermont report coverning thir- way of securing other co n ty-two such schools shows that in child welfare, and if th ;- three years there were one hundred been resisting such leg < and seventeen different teacher, of the past decade and m 1, whort?on an average?more than [Carolina would not now g half served less than two years. in any way by the pas ie "A great majority of these schools I bodied in tate laws the stj 1; are poorly housed and hardly euqip posed In this bill. ped at all, just a bare little room with Palmor bill." It a desk, a rostrum, a blackboard and ,Jr- MeKelway reviews l. a poisonous cast iron stove. That n efficient instruction can be had under R ^5 i- mil conditions is out of the ques VlllwIlEO I Ell % ie ,io"' DIAMOND 1- "And there is less and less excuse 1- for the typical one-room, ungraded sr rural district school. Our grandfathh ers could have that or nothing. In 9 their day the nearest toton was ten I . Iadirs i , iak yoar for ClTI-CH 11 miles or more awav and thn rnnrt nil wamonii hwavti i>n\c It but impossible half the year. no n m "Now. all over the middle west at oiTd*bba*o pi"*** n- least, there are few rural districts years regarded ?? Be?t.safeat, a le that are not within easy haul of a , SOLD BY ALL DR id village graded school; still fewer jiuJtu EVERYWHF. 7 ) NEW REMEDY REUEVES HONEY AND BLADDER MISERIES Ins Away, from the blood and drive it out of nd BlacU thc systcml a I* matters not how old you are olf I?" how long you have suffered, Croxone F? is so prepared that it is practically; impossible to take it into the human? system without results. You will tint! Ui>r it different from all other remedies, latism,an^ ^There is nothing else on earth like d ailments ML It starts to work immediately with declin- aad more than a few doses are selbe a source dora^equircd to relieve even the ose who arc most crmmi^. obstinate cases. It is ther^ost wonderful remedy ixonc, over- ever made foi^cestoring the lifeless ecause it re- organs to hcaltn^nd strength and ; trouble. It ridding thc systemoS^very particle ys, through of uric acid, and you cantake with ans out the the utmost confidence that nothing 1 cells, and on earth will so quickly cure such crgth to da conditions. neutralize.^ You can obtain an original packus uric acid age of Croxone at trifling cost from the joints any first-class druggist. All druggists heumatism; are authorized to personally return ter and sift the purchase price if Croxone should aste matter fail in n vin^l.? e Costs Money ay, two fine mules went up in lUiieaster County?one on Mr. inirham's place near Lancaster Pennington's place h /whji**-yto {nsure your Live luvtnTngiyftgainsTTlks bv F1RK, LIGHTNING? I r; See \ FY, Jr., Agent at the Farmers & Trust Co., Lancaster, 3. BONEY, Manager, Yorkville. rily eqipped miliar arguments in favor of the bill sy haul by and gives the census figures for L. Already various states to show how large a an to bring majority of the populatiou have era* i as much a luipment as There is little hope for the man d itself. who believes that every man who is inetituHnno successful is crooked, institutions . while radium cot $3.000.000 au lse subsists oujice even our mosi vivid millionalriere inertia i ps will not thuir loDth eiio.i wi?v. orth all this ibly efficient m little more Jf D I 1 floney Uiven Back, 1 ..AW p-^Not Effective? I If you are seeking relief from i? Mill Own- I Eczema, Erysipelas, Pimples, .tin It. Blotches, Scabies, Salt _I)r j Rheum, Ringworm, Itching Piles, Dandruff, l\y Poison, Barber's Itch, or any similiar < ommittee, skin disorder, do not waste use commit- time on pastes and ointments, eply to the Try at once this infallible, South t'aro- guaranteed remedy, ke at Wash- _ ? the Palmer- t,X - Ze/Ha " t O r bill. Dr. is a clear, colorless, odorless scienwn wor.ls to tific preparation, put up aolely for lenefit from the relief and eradication of akin disease*. It does not ttai* the ... clothing, it doea not harm anything, but it is emollient and healhe hearing: ing jn jt3 action upon the akin, ult my own If it does not afford you the relief k_ _ __ A i rliiine.i tb? ! 1 uj us to t'in- *Y%"" 7*1" ICI",IU , the purchase price. 50c aim SI a 1 indeed not bo|tfe employment pok sale by is not cheap THK STANDARD DRUG CO., y comments Successor* to is meant to Crawford Bros, the United 1<AN( ASTKR, S. C. g the cotton -? Carolina a mfn nt. replying If 1 I ii ^ committee. f* nia upon its CUREB FOREVER "I also be- By a tru I ina, as soon specialist \ uch public who posses e will make sea the ex- \ . ?l|$. duration of ^earftUCeThe t* ?* WSj i support of right kind/g'W ', McKelway of expert* is ker and^hls d ^ tlfc |' come in the dreds and editions for D ? r ^ aJ> 9 . /. ... , thousands ofAtmes, with unfailing ey had not permanent results. Don't you [islation for think it timelo get the right treatore, South ment? If you deRiro to consult a be affected reliable longJtatablishod specialist of vast expew'nee, come to rie and sago ot the learn what/can be accomplished indards pro- with skillful, sclentitlc treatment. I hold t^-of medicnl diplomas and j certificates! by examination and .. .. . other requirements from the i an tue ra- boards of medical examiners of 4 4 ' Clntn. I*. >V.a 4 1 ?< ?. Miui\ o in i.iixz tui'Mi, v?? :finr*l WILI1 k H|? I A over years' experience in specl^ 1 ILLv nlty practice. I sucoos full\ treat Rlood Poison. Varicose Veins, BRAND Uleers, Kidney and Rladder Dls~ eases. Rheumatism, Gall Stones, Paralysis, Discharges, Piles and * */! Rectal Trouble, Stricture and all Nervdus, Chronic and private diseases of Men and Women. rstkrs A Examination free and strictly kr*:n ?mi/\ confidential. Hours: 9 a. m. to 7 with Biu?\V/ P- m- Sundays, 9 to 2. V Call or Write. iwr.irRcir?bS Dr. Register, Specialist, linniCTC 50A rnion National Rank Bid*., or- wtiuTH Cor. Main and Gervals Sta. RE T?8T80 COLUMBIA, 8. O.