Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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rAM f P? XlC ELLO, Henry, I am going to leave you today. I've Bold my ham Mcarcass again." This remark by a big sailor to a friend on the San Francisco - water-front caused a landsman to turn around and regard the pair curiously. It was the tenth time that ho had hoard that re mark in the courso of an hour -as he loitered about the wharves watching the whalers preparing for their season in northern seas. Hie had seen big, hard A sted men boarding the vessels or sitting about on ixes on the docks chatting wvith friends until dhey should be tiummuoned on board for the cruise. LAnd always, as the sailors would greot a now comn sanion, camne that remark, "I've sold my carcass." ,It puzzled tho landsmnan. lie did not under tstand, but fIgured out that it was seome rough Opleasantry. lie did not know that every man who iails out of an American port in a deep-sea vessel ;andor the stami and stripes must literally sell his body and soul into a servitude as abject and as 'debasing as that of the black man on the southern iantation before the 10mancipation Proclamation was 1issuod. 'For the American wbo sails the high seas 'under the stars and stripes is a slave. Hio is a taiavo under the law. True, ho cannot be put upon (the auction block by his master and sold to the Whighiest bidder. llut lhe must surrender his Amer lican birthrlght--.freedom of contract; lie must seign away his right to his pay when it falls due. ~A.nd ho cannot be a sailor without signing themi away. And lie cinnot run away fromn his bargain land his master. If ho tries it, he 'is arrestedl and ~ken back, no matter in what quarter of thu ~globo his vessel is anchored. For, by the opera ioen of treaties with all the mnaritirno powers of ~o world, the United States agi eens to arrest and ~returni foreign sailor-slaves, in return, for which thle foreign countries have agremil to ar-rest andi tiiturn to AUlmorican ships America's, chattel slaves. No man is ever a slavo unditer theo law unless ceondlitions are such that it is necessary for his tastors to hold him legally in serviudo in order ~r?etain his services. Every hand Is full of indus /1-lai slaves who cannot desert their mnaster's if ithcey would, because there is nothing else for themi fio do but to submit or starve. Hlut the occupation 'ef a sailor carries him to foreign lands where the IUhre of untried conditions is forever bockoniing, aind It would he comparatively easy for htim to lesert his master. But here the law steps in, anid m' ofear of tho foreign dungeon and the certain lieturn to his ship in irons holds im to his coni hiract. And even wvith the fear of certain re-en ialavemnent staring him in the face, the sailor un kler the stars and stripes is far too of ten a de serter. It is Idle to argue that it is in the nature hlf the sailor to wander, to desert one master for aenother, and that therefore laws are necessary to j)revent the disorganization of the merchant ma jue, Every occupation has its devotee. to whom ~calls in an insistent voice, and there are thou ands of men who follow the sea from choice. The swer to the question, why is the sailor legally a ~aae, must be found in an inquiry into the condi ans from which he seeks to run away. if he kes to follow the sea there is no reason why he hwould forever try to leave it or to leave his aster and his flag except that the conditions Sndecr which he is forced to work are intolerable. nid here lies the answer. ) o earliest kcnowni facts about the condition ztthe laborer at sea take us back to the ancient kws of the Norseman and to the code that gov srned the sailors of the ancient cities on the hores of the Mediterraniean. In the north the ~borer en land and at sea wasn a free man. Trhe pallor had the same status aboard his vessel that sbd brother had in the Norse towns. He had the Isame freedom of contract and the same voice in Rihe laws regulating the conduct of his companions iand himself. The laborer of the south was a chat tel slave on land and on sea. Hie was usually a prisoner of war and his body and soul belonged to Ihis master. He was chained to his seat in the gal. t toy andi larhed to his task. Manual labor of all Ikinds was considered to be ddbasing and per Rormedl only by slaves. The Island of Rhodes gave to the Meditor iranean its maritime law, and the Roman cede was |patterned after that of Rhodes. When Rome con quercyl tihe countries of the porth, she gave them ker laws for the regulation of labor on the sea as twell as on land. The all-pervading idea of Roman civilization was that labor is Oebaaing, and the mal arer on land was a serf and on the sea he was a s'avo. The maritime power of medieval Europe, !Whic~h was expressed through the laws of flarce Riona anid later through the all-powerful Hianneatic iLeaguie of cities, was maintained through Roman anaritime law. It gradually overpowered and ob lterated the law of the north, and the free sailor eased to exist. Since that day the sailor has bieen a chattel slave. When sailing vessels replaced the galley, it be leamo necessary that thle sailor'e status as a slave ~o maintained by rigid laws against desertion. ~neediom of aotion was necessary for the operation haf a sailing vessel, but it was still necessary to Acp the sailor bound to the ship because injury might come to the vessel through his desertion. (And so his status as a slave was maintained by paw on the "principle of common hazard." All the Rlaw. of the Hlansoatic League stipulate that if any harm come to a vessel, while any sailor is absent from shipboard, the absent sailor shall pay the damage, The safety of the vessel and her cargo was in the hands of every man on board while he vessel was at sea or in foreign ports. ~The progress of civilizati has relieved the shiXp-owner and the master of the hazard of the sea. Maritime insurance has been devised to pay S- Gor lose through acts of God- If a ship sinks at A IIIP~ sea, o on lose butthe ilorand is io n chlden ThKrpryi ai o ytecm suranoe one p~idf but the st and iowandie cAlrn. soTheol prinple 18 comoazad frthasom beeniy abynoe yo ar by th o ire shif-wnrsn cere thofgh f the atouofdmrifte inu anciduand tothsuderslawf Bth o munti. te fethowticigo e has wokdtnrese thhaabne tubathes re paForery the statesownr locldintie lAd hs vso the arnpero comin hazarud hat been abandoneg sofarled tme shitoower salorn, cernue through nt opanton ofs aitiroety.sNow ane d odcrn; lasrance wi itak careth the hortis a wredeai to increale the hazard bone Loed his veooelatoittle dangr cloeint o woue odt risk eoythe skils ocuptin ortfw hailorsn ecauveh did ot athi oe-kodge opeawy, aNoen hendoent cAe; inane will tae veryeclearhy howsts, ondtidea afes otk ol the sainor pbut Ltusn loo a livery orclsyinother mrcncndi biefcaon of the ocupations tha hsibard andmernAd thercnfa wit canse ver clel flags of other nations will explain why the Anmeri can boy does not go to sea, and why it Is neces sary to keep the American sailor a chattel slave by law of congress. Tio begin with, the American sailor wvho would ship over the high seas is com pelled to seek his employment through a "crimp." The crimp is the runner for the notorious sailor's "boarding-houses" which furnish crews for all deep-sea-going vessels, lHe is the absolute master of the sailor's employment. All deep-sea captains ship their crews through the crimp. The crimp Is paid out of the unearned wages of the sailor. It is called "advance money" which the law per mits the sailor to sign away and which the system compels him to sign away. The sailors call it "blood money." The money is paid by the captain directly to the crimp. In fact all the negotiations are carried on directly bdtween the captain and the crimp. The sailor is not consulted at all. More often than not, he Is taken on board after having bee~n liberally treated to "third rail" or "doctor," a erfkik that robs him of all conscious ness. The pu1-ctice smacks very much of the old practice ed 'Wianghaing." The act of December 21, 1898, prevents the payment of this blood money, called "allotment to original creditor" in the domestic trade (coastwise shipping and the trade to nearby foreign countries). But it is per mitted in the deep-sea trade, and no sailor ever obtains employment on a deep-sea-going vessel without having visited the crimp. The crimp exists because the law permits him to exist, by permitting the assignment of "advance money." One stat., oregon, actually recognized the system by a statute limiting the amount of blood-money to thirty dollars. The crimp ceased to exist in the domestic trade when congress aboliehed the "allotment to original creditor" in 1898. When the sailor gets aboard he is compelled to live in a space 6i feet long by 8 feet high and 2 feet wide. This is the legal forecastle space (72 cubic feet) except in setiling vessels built or re built after June 30, 1898. The sailors call it the "dog hole," to distinguish it from the "fire hole" (ifemen's quarters). and the "gllory hole" (tew-m MIAN ard's quarters). Here the men must live, cat, sleep and keep their clothing. It has been de scribed as "too large for a colln and too smnall for a grave." It is unsanitary, dark, and dirty. The American sailor L9 compelled to sign away in the foreign trade his right to part of the wages due him at ports of call. Consular agents have de clared this to be the most prolific cause of deser tions from American ships. The act of December 21, 1898, gives the sailor a right to half the wages that may be due him at any port of call, but add "'unless the contrary be expressly stipulated In the contract." The ship-owners see to it that this stipulation Is always made. The sailor must compete with the unskilled stadd e001o, f skil insae.- No . stnar hf il cinyha ensupid ylw Tesiponr ard's hequartris Hre ltfe becausthe lveseats underm and andp uhkirullotig.I ad because inti opeiinwt the foreignerad his rgtt ato h wages due ai mal aors th cal. Consular chaest have de clared tfhis tovese mosd hercannot caue eog deer tiosarom Anrianora ships. TeActo eembegr 21,r189, iv hes to ailrn a decet ovelfhood gow thtmaber. m i tayprto al u d conrat. Buseshipones seep to it thar ths stpulaose if malways mae.,ntfrteproeo carryilgordst ompetewt tohae unskiledr apostfiuteng all niidns an rater beauthe lawense th ciienpws arepeledup ino64 mandtea opeatiost o ate ioruorntoyouandume. t wodtanar o wa cargoi seae No proviadeo deent ivengy quars fo suppiedoryslan heoad ahponerss mayrgmeanho hey dpvleasndTooa as me seo anspetor ilzet them Thnerei from sitandargo guide theispcoroas. Andsote foodlore musnd theduskilled mn' alorcost moea beae there foret be dosnesan, there is not conepelsed to doakt Often hecaust is hrpris ibese theuss se ofthis. compeitosmuh theapreer, oiru wesl wit ofhsvess l therefoe Bcga sn ess eot mlarrvne lvs.ora ie.A esesgo largeryhis Aeorn comerce lieiodgrcon can over-sess coeceinvAesi ships being th prpe ao oakny hameica fowr hepurose oha arngte natoon fom thlace tof plae; glore the r poechantpmin are diiend o tteratnsen eteejrteo divieriandsme are piespn atterg at theat on. to then salo orusto ouie and me.ur woudo tke away earspe tus prvem toeren livin quatesfrios onder-manndes, adlessn cadr conians ss dives Torloadn Amesseln from ase sea.iTiaize that cnernfro ushiftndgi con-o means ls arg ls.lttrfodyor.e asiplsed alcs morte mntey, tadtero fiorer ofg usnesavicionot opllto every hrisk beAuserican proertyiinsuedeusfe tone thindred tns fore, t seven chear, torn averae every hunde; thfore egig siemes employr o hunlye ios Americane omeeod, ng averag dute bny 1.8hvel flyng foreignu fas butr hundri cAnmer-nseagcoingmee Amera sity ios bein anthertin oer n eae of 4.13 globe btenh grsteach ymajrydu of the amte numbercan mrchnt meaine sare mpse of oher fnfty ons And thes majority ol America seamer. esiinb coende the flags the situatonais othan toherabw. STheUnte Strut oriessoner or ngodson the hihreport weerust899 tge 20, foe seae: "lves o urmane sesp living Japnde conippedn thatfore drvAmericannus fro foreintiors pulhed the Uslnted Sads car. Anmise conaitionshgownta woue onftedeoy bof t 2,n24 h ate ltacyeranthtotf W&LB1R a N ......... MY pa he took me fishin' sesterday 'Cause when I got my bran' now pole an' line IHe'll take me to the river soon. he say, When it look like the fishin' will be fine. So yesterday we start, an' pa he let Me carry my now pole, an' say 'at we Will show folks what a snap it Is to get As big a flsh as there is in the sea. An' we clumb over Mister Timmons's gate With my pole anl' my line an' my bait. Non when we're at th' river pa he take My pole an' line an' he fix up the hook An' tell mie that I imiusn't even make Th' leastes' noise, but just to sit an' look While he would show me how to catch some fish; An' non ho throw the line in. an' I stand Right there beside him, an' just wish an' wish That I could hold my fnshpole in my hand; An' pa lie stand an' wait an' wait an' wait With my pole an' my line an' my bait. Non party soon my pa he get a bite. An' yanked real quick, an' somepin whizzed up high That shined like silver 'eause it was so white An' plitinked down 'fore you'd ever wink youw eye, An' pa lie hollered that I must keep still (When I ain't sayin' not a thing at all!) An' pa he shake just like he has a chill. An' purty soon he slip an' in he fall! An' non I think it's lost as sure as fate Is Iny line an' my pole an' my bait. Nen he clumb out an' lie was wet as wet! An' lie says we must go home now at once, An' when I want to stay, why, lie won't let Me by myself, an' say that I'm a dunce! So we go home, an' pa he says if he Couldit just go nshin' like he used to do Vithout no boy to bother him like-e * He'd catch a string o' (18h, he's tellin' you! I'll go my'self, an' nen It will be great With my pole an' my line an' miy bait! An Estimate. "Hlow's ye' all feel dis mawnin'?" asks 'Lipalet Green of 'Rastus Wash ington, the day after the celebration of something or other in the rooms of the Bllacktown Social and Goodfellow ship Uplifting club. "How's I reel ?" moans Rastus. "Say, man, I feel as if ma head 'uz all wool an' a yahd wide." Base Deceiver. "Hear about that literary club pass. ing a set of resolutions denouncing Migglesbury?" asks the man with the maroon whiskers. "No. What did Migglesbury do?" asks the man with the undecided eye brows. "He copies some stanzas off of comic valentines, had them printed in sequence, signedl them 'Alfred Aus tin' and sent thenm to the secretary of the club for discussion at their poets' evening. They analyzed and dissected the poem and five of the members had written magazine ar ticles praising or denouncing it be fore they discovered the hoax." Economical Decoration. "Did you hear about the unique way In which old Titespuds decorated his new home?" asks our friend. We confess ignorance as well as a ~. thirst for information. "Instead of spending monley for pic tures and bric-a-brae he wrote checks for the amount that each thing would cost him, stopped payment on the checks, and put them on1 the walls and mantelpieces." Same With Him. "I'll sell you de dog for fiye dollars." "But I wouldn't keep the dog haifa day." "An' I wouldn't keep do five dat lngr sport" CARDUI CURED Mrs. Chapman, of Bra-chiland, Tells About Her Serious Troubles and How Cardui Helped Her. Branchland, W. Va.-In a letter from this place, Mrs. Elizabeth Chap man says: "I suffered from womanly trouble for nearly five years. I tried all the doctors in the country, but they did me no good. I can say that I certainly do believe that Cardul saved my life. I took Cardul, and now I am entirely well. I have gained 15 pounds, and feel like a now woman. I am thankful for what this medicine has done for me. I hope all who suffer from any kind of womanly trouble will give Cardul a fair trial. I will continue to recommend this great remedy to all friends, for I can not praise Cardul half as highly as It deserves." You may be sure, that if Cardui will relieve and cure such serious cases as Mrs. Chapman's-and it is doing this every day-it will certainly help those women who have no serious symp toms, but are Just weak and ailing. Whether seriously sick, or simply weak, try Cardul. It will help you. In the past fifty years, Cardul has benefited more than a million women. Why not test it for your troubles? N. D.-Write tot Ladies' Advisory Dept., Chattanoogn Meldicine Co., Chat tanoogn, Tenn., for Special Instructions and 0-page book, "Home Trentuent for Wonen," sent in plain wrapper, on request. Saving Trouble. The husband of a fashionable wom an, whose gowns are at once the ad miration and despair of her feminine acquaintances, was discussing the cost of living with a friend at the Union League the other night. "By the way," ventured the friend, "f-er--don't you have a good deal of trouble keeping your wife dressed in the height of style?" The woman's husband smiled and then shook his head, emphatically. "Oh, no," he said, "nothing to speak of. Nothing-nothing to the trouble I'd have if I didn't." It is a great thing to be trusted, but it is a far higher thing to be worthy of trust.-Henry Lee. For COLDS anid GRIP Flicks' CArtDIxa is the best remedy-re. lieves the aching aid feverishness-cures the Cold and restores normal conditions. It's liquid-efrects immediately. 10c., 25c., and We. At drug stores. Nothing chloroforms a church quicker than a minister dosed with C(onstipation cause: and seriously aggra vntecs ma ny d iseases. it ~is thoroughlymi cured by Dr1,. Piersce's Pellets. Tiny sugar~-coated granules. Keeps Horseshoers Busy. There are used in the British army 2S,500 horsesihoes every month. To restore a normal action to liver, kid neys, stomach' and bowels, take Garfieldl Tea, the mild Herb laxative. All druggists. Seone sermons come near being demonstrations of eternal punishment. Headache "My father has been a sufferer from sick headache for the last twenty-five years and never found any relief until he began taking your Cascareta. Since he has begun taking Cascarets he has never had the headache. They have entirely cured him. Cascarets do what you recommend them to do., I will give you the privilege of using his name."-E. M. Dickson, 1120 Resiner St., W. Indianapolis, Ind' Pleasant. Palatable, Potent, Taste Good. Do Good. Never SickenjAeakt~n or Gripe. 30c, 25c. 50c. Never sold In bulk. The gen uine tablet stamped C C C. Guar~anteed to cure or your money back. 925 Atlanta Directory KODIUAK K'LM "EVELOPED FREE Mail rour roll and writer fr caera caalfor to nh conego "co-op," Shelley Ivey, Mgr, ktian ta AQ AK O |I Unfom WhllotoTeamNs l"astuman, Anc nin Ms.Aailed pstpa d. Mall ors iven promo attn THE___ GIBS N KOD)Ai STORE rySt.,JacksonvmileFia. RUBBER STAMPS promptly and properly made. Write Trade checksha pcialetypec Dixie Seal & Stam p o.. Atlanta cial Attention. All klri oef Photo Supplies, send for Catalogue. BLENN PhT TOCK CO., 117 Pehtree, Atlanta, Ga. for LIQUOR and DRUG USING KEEULRT INsTTlg 9 oward Are., Atlants, as. TYPEWRITERS of any standard makce at fac tory prices. L. C. Smiths, Underwoods, Rte ming ons, Smith Premiers. Oii v er s. Agents for "Standard Folding Typewriter" .5% lbs. Write for catalogtue. Atlanta Typewritat Exehangs, Y.M.C.A. Bldg., Ailania, Ga,