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i
Reggae lovers unite to mark late Marley’s 60th birthday
By HOWARD CAMPBELL
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
KINGSTON, Jamaica — Bob
Marley’s potent music promoting “one
love” and social justice roared Sunday
as reggae lovers from around the globe
gathered in his birthplace of Jamaica
and the Rastafarian holy land of
Ethiopia to celebrate the late star’s 60th
birthday.
Huge speakers thumped the bass
lines of Marley songs as dozens of
tourists bobbed their heads and swayed
along outside the singer’s home-turned
shrine in Kingston, the Jamaican
capital.
Prime Minister P.J. Patterson has
declared an official yearlong celebration
to mark Marley’s birthday, while
thousands are expected to attend tribute
concerts to honor the singer, who died
of cancer in 1981 at age 36.
At Marley’s former home, now a
museum, tourists took turns getting
their photographs taken with a bronze
statue of the dreadlocked singer holding
his Gibson guitar and pointing a finger
skyward.
Chris Kern, of Austin, Texas, said the
social commentary in songs like “No
Woman, No Cry” drew him to Marley’s
music at a young age.
“As I got older I started to
understand the message even more
because it came from the heart,” Kern
said as a group of Rastafarians swayed to
the beat while puffing on long marijuana
“spliffs.
Born Feb. 6, 1945, in rural St. Ann
parish, Marley rose from the gritty
shantytowns of Kingston to
international stardom and remains one
of Jamaica’s most beloved sons. His
poignant lyrics calling for peace, love
and justice made him an icon around
the globe.
“He literally introduced Jamaica to
millions worldwide, no matter where
they lived, what language they spoke and
despite their lot in life,” Marley
photographer Howard Moo Young
wrote in Sunday’s Jamaica Gleaner
newspaper.
In East Africa, revelers jammed the
main square in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
the first time a mass celebration for
COLLIN REID/THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Paul Alliman carries out final preparations on the Statue of Bob Marley .Sunday in Kingston, Jamaica. Jamaicans celebrate the 60th
birthday of the late reggae superstar Sunday, which will be highlighted by a massive concert in New Kingston involving a number of reggae
artists.
Marley’s birthday has been held outside
Jamaica.
Tens of thousands attended the free
event, dubbed “Africa Unite” after one
of Marley’s songs. African stars paid
tribute by performing at the concert,
including Youssou N’dour and Baaba
Maal of Senegal and Angelique Kidjo of
Benin. Marley’s five sons, his widow
Rita and other former “Wailers* also
performed.
This year’s celebration was somewhat
overshadowed by a surprise
announcement from Rita Marley that
she planned to exhume the singers
remains in northern‘Jamaica and rebury
them in his “spiritual homeland” of
Ethiopia.
Enraged Jamaicans said she would be
robbing Jamaica of its national heritage
and the singer’s widow appeared to
rethink, claiming she had been
misquoted.
Marley’s lyrics were laden with
references to his faith, in which followers
worship Ethiopia’s last emperor, Haile
Selassie, as a living god, preach a strict
oneness with nature and smoke
marijuana as a sacrament.
In the volatile Trenchtown slum
where Marley was raised, residents had
soccer matches, a foot race, craft shows
and other events in tribute of their
favorite son.
The densely populated tenement area
is still mired in the social troubles that
informed his lyrics: it has been the site of
frequent gunbattles between rival gangs,
contributing to Jamaica’s record 1,445
homicides in 2004. More than 130
people have been slain on the island of
2.6 million so far this year.
The gangs are allied with Jamaica’s
two main political parties. In 1978,
Marley famously united warring
political leaders Michael Manley and
Edward Seaga in a solidarity handshake
during his One Love Peace Concert in
Kingston.
Looking for more such inspiration,
Jamaican Gov. Gen. Sir Howard Cooke
declared the singer’s anniversary a
“violence-free” day across the island.
“We as individuals need to answer
this call. Jamaica as a country needs to
answer this call,” American reggae
historian Robert Roskind wrote in a
letter published in Sunday’s Jamaica
Gleaner. “And the world needs this
example of healing through one love.”
Pre-schoolers’ weight gain might be caused by sugary drinks
NAM y. HUH/THE -
Lizbeth DeLoya, 2, licks her lips after a glass of milk during
breakfast at Howard Area Family Center, Friday in Chicago. The
Head Start preschool banned juices last year as part of an anti
obesity effort after finding that one on five of its students was obese.
By CARLA K. JOHNSON
Ti IE ASSOCIATED PRESS
CHICAGO — Sweet drinks —
whether Kool-Aid with sugar or all
natural apple juice — seem to raise the
risk of pudgy preschoolers getting fatter,
new research suggests.
That may come as a surprise to
parents who pride themselves on seeking
out fruit drinks with no added sugar.
“Juice is definitely a part of this,” said
lead researcher Jean Welsh of the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.
While fruit juice does have vitamins,
nutritionists say it’s inferior to fresh
fruit. The new U.S. dietary guidelines,
for example, urge consumers away from
juice, suggesting they eat whole fruit
instead.
The bottom line, though, is that
“children need very few calories in their
day,” Welsh said.
She said preschoolers were better off
snacking on fruit or drinking water or
milk.
Welsh’s research, published in the
February issue of Pediatrics, found that
for 3- and 4-year-olds already on the
heavy side, drinking something sweet
once or twice a day doubled their risk of
becoming seriously overweight a year
later.
The sweet drinks seemed to have
little effect, however, on children of
normal weight.
The American Academy of Pediatrics
recommends limiting preschoolers to 4
to 6 ounces of juice per day. Some
parents and schools are paying attention.
One Chicago Head Stan program
banned juice last year as pan of an anti
obesity effort after finding that one out
of five of its students was obese.
Monica Dillion, community health
nurse for the Howard Area Family
Center, said the preschool also added
more fruits and vegetables to meals and
more exercise to the daily schedule. The
preschool .has never served soft drinks.
The juice ban drew no complaints,
Dillion said. “The kids didn’t notice at
all.”
The Pediatrics study followed 10,904
Missouri children in a nutrition
program for low-income families.
Researchers looked at the effect of sweet
drinks in three groups: normal and
underweight children, those at risk of
becoming overweight, and those who
already were overweight.
The researchers compared the
children’s heights and weights,
approximately one year apart. They also
looked at parents’ reports of what their
children ate and drank during a four
week period at the beginning of the first
year. Fruit drinks like Kool-Aid and Hi
C were included as sweet drinks, along
with juice and soda.
The link between sweet drinks and
being overweight showed up for all three
weight categories, although it wasn’t
statistically significant for the normal
and underweight children.
Taking into account other
differences, such as ethnicity, birth
weight and a high-fat diet, didn’t erase
the effect of sweet drinks.
The children in the study drank, on
average, more fruit juice than soft drinks
or sweetened fruit drinks.
Sweet drinks are high in calories and ^
low in fiber. Nutritionists believe that
calorie-dense, low-fiber foods may lead
to overeating because those foods are
quickly consumed but less filling than
foods higher in fiber.
Richard H. Adamson, vice president
for scientific and technical affairs at the
American Beverage Association,
questioned the study’s methods, saying
it didn’t take into account television
viewing, overweight parents and the
children’s activity levels.
But Dr. Rebecca Unger, who
evaluates overweight children in private
practice and at Children’s Memorial
Hospital in Chicago, said the study
backs up what she sees in the real
world.
“We do see kids do well when we cut
out juice,” she said. “Sometimes that’s
all they need to do.”
Bush proposes $2.5 trillion budget, would cut programs
By MARTIN CRUTSINGER
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
WASHINGTON — President Bush’s
$2.5 trillion budget is shaping up as his
most austere, trying to restrain spending
across a wide swath of government from
popular farm subsidies to poor people’s
health programs.
Vice President Dick Cheney on
Sunday defended the plan against
Democratic criticism that Bush had to
seek steep cuts in scores of federal
programs because he is unwilling to roll
back first-term tax cuts that opponents
contend primarily benefited the wealthy.
The budget’s submission to Congress
on Monday will set off months of
intense debate. Lawmakers from both
parties can be expected to vigorously
fight to protect their favorite programs.
“This is the tightest budget that has
been submitted since we got here,”
Cheney told “Fox News Sunday.”
“It is a fair, reasonable, responsible,
serious piece of effort. It’s not something
we have done with a meat ax, nor are we
suddenly burning our backs on the most
needy people in our society.”
The president, who campaigned for
re-election on a pledge to cut the deficit
in half by 2009, is targeting 150
government programs for either outright
elimination or sharp cutbacks.
Bush will propose spending $2.5
trillion in the budget year that begins
Oct. 1. For the current year, he is
estimating the budget deficit will reach a
record $427 billion. That compares with
last year’s $412 billion deficit and is the
third straight year the Bush
administration will have set, in dollar
terms, a deficit high.
The five-year projections in the
budget will show the deficit declining to
about $230 billion in 2009, when a new
president takes office.
Those projections do not take into
account some big-ticket items: the
military costs incurred in Iraq and
Afghanistan, the price of making Bush’s
first term tax cuts permanent, or the
transition costs for his No. 1 domestic
priority, overhauling Social Security.
Sen. Kent Conrad, the top Democrat
on the Senate Budget Committee, said
Bush’s budget “talks about the next five
years of reducing deficits, but what that
hides is what happens after that five-year
—
CHARLES DHARAPAK/THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
President Bush and first lady Laura Bush arrive for morning services
at St. John’s Episcopal Church in Washington on Sunday.
window. The cost of everything he
advocates explodes.”
Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., praised
the administration’s willingness to tackle
the deficit. “I’m glad the president is
coming over with a very austiere budget.
I hope we in Congress will have the
courage to support it,” he told ABC’s
“This Week.”
Joshua Bolten, Bush’s budget
director, told The Associated Press that
when the budget is released, the
administration will provide some
estimates of the cost in increased
government borrowing for the
president’s proposal to allow younger
workers to set up private savings
accounts.
But he said the administration
cannot provide total cost figures for the
Social Security overhaul because all the
elements of the plan have yet to be
decided upon.
Cheney would not confirm estimates
the overhaul could cost $4.5 trillion in
additional government borrowing over
20 years.
Bush’s budget will restrain the
growth in discretionary programs to less
than 2.3 percent. But because defense
and homeland security are set for
increases above that amount, the rest of
government programs will see outright
cuts or tiny gains far below the rate of
inflation.
One of the biggest battles is certain to
occur in the area of payments and other
assistance to farmers, which the
administration wants to trim by $587
million in 2006 and by $5.7 billion over
the next decade.
Those payments go to farmers growing
a wide range of crops from cotton, rice
and corn to soybeans and wheat.