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'Cht 0aniccock
SRS uses Mother Nature to help clean up nuclear waste
Associated Press
AIKEN — The Savannah River Site’s op
erators are steam cleaning contaminated
soil and letting Mother Nature evaporate
radioactive material from ground water
in an innovative effort to clean up the nu
clear complex.
Westinghouse Savannah River Site
Co., which runs SRS for the Energy De
partment, showed off its efforts on Wednes
day. That includes injecting steam deep
into the ground to flush out industrial sol
vents used to clean the equipment that
once produced weapons at the site.
The intense heat and oxygen force the
solvents to an extraction well, which
destroys the contaminants.
“The big advantage of this system is
that overall cleanup times can be reduced
by decades compared with that for tradi
tional pump-and-treat methods,” said Jim
Kupar, project engineer.
The project is in one of the most con
taminated areas. But the site is expected
to be cleaned within a year and with no
lasting damage to the environment, he
said.
Westinghouse has been searching for
cost effective ways to clean up
SRS was established in 1950 to pro
duce isotopes — mainly plutonium and
tritium — used in nuclear bombs. But left
behind was a toxic environmental cock
tail and Westinghouse has been looking
for ways to clean it up since the 1980s.
Engineers have found one of the
easiest resources to clean tritium-tainted
ground water is Mother Nature. The
water is caught a shallow pond near an old
radioactive waste burial basin, then spread
across a three-quarter acre pine forest.
The idea is to have the trees suck up
the water, along with the traces of tritium,
and evaporate it. Tritium is a radioactive
form of hydrogen used to increase the
power of nuclear bombs.
This $1.3 million pilot project is de
signed to reduce the amount of tritium
seeping into nearby Four Mile Creek,
which runs into the Savannah River five
miles away, and cut the time it would take
the tritium to disappear,,
SRS hopes to save $ 19 million during
five years when compared with the con
ventional method of extracting the water,
processing it and releasing it back into the
ground, project manager Edward Mc
Namee said
The amounts of tritium involved are
so small that they neither threaten the
trees nor the drinking water supply of sev
eral downstream cities that take their wa
ter from the river, 5RS officials say.
The tritium “would fit into a teacup,”
but it’s spread over a half billion gallons
of ground water across 50 acres of land,
McNamee said.
Yet another project mixes 10,000 cu
bic yards of contaminated soil with a ce
ment-based grout to solidify and hold any
radioactive materials from reaching ground
water. A cover that does not allow seep
age will go over the basin, and in the fu
ture the site could be used for industrial
operations, said Brad Davis, manager of
the $11 million project.
Surgeon general says state missing opportunity with tobacco money
Associated Press
GREENVILLE — South Carolina is
squandering a chance to protect chil
dren by spending too much tobacco set
tlement money on public works, tobacco
growers and economic development and
not enough on smoking prevention, Sur
geon General David Satcher says.
“A lot of young people addicted to
smoking before 18 will spend the rest of
their lives regretting it and trying to quit,”
Satcher told The Greenville News for a
story Wednesday.
“Taking advantage of the settlements
would save a lot of unnecessary pain and
suffering and would be one of the best in
vestments we can make, like a polio vac
cine,” he said.
Satcher has criticized how states plan
to spend billions of dollars from a 1998
settlement with tobacco companies. On
average, 10 percent will go to smoking
prevention, he said.
States sued tobacco companies to
recoup health care costs associated with
smoking.
A group of 44 states settled in 1998
for $206 billion. Four other states set
tled separately for an additional $40 bil
lion.
South Carolina was to receive $3.2
billion over 30 years but officials decided
to sell bonds guaranteeing $800 million
immediately so the money could be used
to help tobacco farmers and others who
have depended on the industry for their
livelihoods.
Beginning next year, 73 percent of
the money will go for health care while
15 percent will go to tobacco farmers. Ten
percent will be used for rural develop
ment and 2 percent for water and sewer
projects.
The state received $ 165 million in the
first two years of the settlement and last
session lawmakers voted to spent $1.75
million, about 2 percent, on smoking pre
vention.
Gov. Jim Hodges had requested $11
million, said his spokesman, Morton Bril
liant.
Anti-smoking activists say too little
is being spent in a state where one in four
adults and nearly 40 percent of high school
students smoke.
“We got this money because tobacco
was causing a tremendous health prob
lem,” said Thomas Gillette, director of
tobacco control for the state Department
of Health and Environmental Control.
“We should use it for health, not as a wind
fall for other areas.”
“The legislators will decide which ini
tiatives to fund, and my biggest fear is how
far can we stretch the term health care?”
said Greg White of the state chapter of
the American Lung Association. “The
money needs to go to important health
care needs for South Carolina, not be used
as a political opportunity.”
The legislative process was a “mon
ey grab,” said Carol Reeves, director of
the Greenville Family Partnership, a pri
vate nonprofit alcohol and drug preven
tion agency.
“Our state looked at this as a wind
fall,” she said. “The legislators are mak
ing irresponsible decisions at the only op
portunity we really had to make a
difference.”
But the final legislation, like most
laws, was a compromise, said state Sen.
Warren Giese, R-Columbia.
“It takes an entire legislature to pass
a bill,” he said. “Legislatorsirom the
tobacco growing areas fought to keep mon
ey for growers and those of us with health
objectives felt that all money should go
to the health care of people injured by
smoking tobacco.”
Taking advantage of the settlements would save a lot of
unnecessary pain and suffering and would be one of the
best investments we can make, like a polio vaccine.’
David Satcherg
Surgeon General
To Every Generation
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