The gamecock. (Columbia, S.C.) 1908-2006, August 26, 1991, WELCOME BACK ISSUE, Page 4A, Image 4
Gorba
By The Associated Press
Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as Communist
Party chief Saturday and urged its
central leadership to disband the institution
that has ruled Soviet life through intimidation
and force for seven decades.
The resignation culminates a stunning
Kremlin shakeup that followed this past
week's failed coup and indicates the scope
of the anti-Communist groundswell
headed by Russian Federation President
Boris Yeltsin, who led the coup
resistance.
Moments before the announcement was
read to millions of Soviet television
viewers, Gorbachev appointed a new committee
to select new members of the discredited
Cabinet of Ministers who failed
to fight the hard-line coup.
Expert pre<
USSR attempts to refo
government, economy
By GORDON MANTLER
Assistant News Editor
Five days after the end of an attempted Sovi
Soviet scholars across the globe are predicting
President Mikhail Gorbachev's fate.
Gordon Smith, a Soviet expert and a USC (
ment and International Studies professor, ex
his thoughts on the recent events and their ef
the Soviet Union.
'There is no doubt that Boris Yeltsin (presi
the Russian republic) came out stronger (than
chev)," Smith said. "The people blame Gorbac
appointing people to his cabinet that he c
trust."
After being restored to power, Gorbachev r
the coup leaders in his cabinet with other cc
tives. However, Yeltsin vetoed these appoin
making it clear that he will dictate the appoii
himself.
Current Soviet Foreign Minister Alexande
mertnykh is also in danger of being fired bee
his failure to join the coup resistance.
"Gorbachev could have come out a lot bette
eyes of the people if he had appointed more
minded leaders to his cabinet," Smith said,
surprised if he lasts a year."
He added Gorbachev has no choice but to cc
with Yeltsin.
"Yeltsin has all the cards in his hands," he sz
Gorbachev and Yeltsin will meet to negotiate
union treaty, where the former is expected
heavy concessions.
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chev 1
Gorbachev, who remains Soviet pres
dent and a party member, staunchly d<
fended Communism while leading si
years of sweeping reforms. He shed th
troubled party as he struggled to preserv
his personal power and prevent the disii
tegration of the 15 republics that make u
the Soviet Union.
The Ukraine on Saturday became th
latest Soviet republic to declare indeper
dence, and jubilant crowds around the ni
tion continued to topple symbols of th
Communist Party, which has ruled nearl
every aspect of Soviet life since the 191
Bolshevik Revolution.
Yeltsin, meanwhile, continued to fie
his muscle over the Kremlin by orderin
the seizure of Communist Party and KG]
archives. Yeltsin suspended the activitie
urn /"x *
licts ISovic
"Expect a direct popular e
'1111 and most of the power to be !
Smith said. "The presidency
head position, only dealing wi
One possible candidate in a
tion is former foreign ministe
not Yeltsin or Gorbachev, Smi
etcoup, "If Gorbachev lasts, he w
I USSR will not run in a direct electioi
Yeltsin will push for each
3overn- their own secret police and an
;plained Smith pointed out Yeltsin 1
fects in himself, and individual repub)
that danger,
ident of 'This new treaty will haste
Gorba- and secession of republics inc
:hev for Georgia, and Armenia," he sa
ouldn't will be controlled by Yeltsin."
He said there is a possibilil
eplaced ving of the union, but the repi
nserva- cally interdependent. Some
tments, looked at the European Com
ntments economic reform.
Smith also said the privatis
r Bess- try could be completed withii
ause of more fast-paced transition to
taken.
r in the Speaking on the attempted <
"T'lThe as "an amateurish attempt to
They badly miscalculated th(
and the division within the Cc
operate and KqB
lid. "Anyone who collaborated
j a new fired or criminallv rharoAH
to make though some outraged people
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i- of the hard-line Russian faction of i
j- Communist Party, banned the party fr<
x the KGB and temporarily shut down I
le party newspapers Friday.
'e Party archives and documents also w<
i- sealed at the Smolny Institute in Len
p grad, Lenin's headquarters during the B
shevik Revolution.
ie Earlier Saturday, hundreds of thousar
l- of Muscovites gave a martyrs' funeral
i- three men killed in battles against t
e coup. Yeltsin and Gorbachev, wearing i
y arm bands, attended the ceremony.
7
Gorbachev charged that the party le<
ership did not stop the coup and said pa
x leaders and mass media supported I
g conspiracy.
B "In this situation, the Communist Pa
s of the Soviet Union must make a diffic
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shifted to the republics,"
will be mostly a figureth
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direct presidential elec- \ TlA/
r Eduard Shevardnadze,
ith said. By PATRICK
ill know his status and Assistant News
' "Smithsaid. With this p
of the republics to have CQup and crisls
j . a cj ion, many US(
tad no means o defend counl .s' tun
lie armies would reduce cracy as a Km
n the process of reform ^overthrow*
fading the Baluc sates, Mlkhail Gorb
id. "The pace of reform perestroika>
.... . nounced that i
ty of a comp ete dissol- wl|, ive more
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Soviet officials have ^ shift
mumty as a model for democratic ^
"I think it's
ahon of land and indus- ness administI
? five to 10 years as a Uon major De
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1115 nainga
"(The change
:oup, Smith described it were too rapi
topple the government. but it will tu
j power of the people, out for the best
unmunist Party, military
with the coup will be FITN
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wanted the coup lead- 1*01116 1
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the but honest decision about dissolving it- 1
am self," he said.
the Gorbachev also ordered all the vast <
holdings of the Communist Party be i
ztc turned over to the parliament,
in- Although the Communist Party ap- 1
ol- peared doomed, Gorbachev indicated he *
supports a reformed vision of the party. 1
,(*s "I believe that democratic-minded "
t0 Communists loyal to constitutional lawfulhe
ness, to the course of renewal of society,
6(1 will call for the setting up of a party on a j
new foundation," Gorbachev said. r
id- The party, which officially has about 15
rty million members, for decades ruled all t
be sectors of the nation ? from defense policy,
to agriculture, to pensions. Under
rty Gorbachev's reforms, opposition groups {
ult were first allowed this past year and the f
langes
lents react to So?i
VILLEGAS Finance major Hunter Asht
Editor said/Tm glad the coup was di
~ ~ , ven from the Soviet Union,
ast week s failed .. ., ? .
. .. c .it thought there would be a ci\
m the Soviet Un- waf ?
2 students see the *.. . . .
i towards demo-' With the iron grip the con
irkable event. m"mst hardlinc,rs had on Gorh
Jdy coup attempt some s?"<lems felt C01
Soviet President !eaders w0?ld nev,er rehn(iul!
achev-s reign of ?s g"P on the people.
Gorbachev an- "I thou8ht there would be
the Soviet Union definlte takeover (by the Con
power to its peo- munist Party),
s communist ties, saic* Chris Spear- wW^. .B
gears to a more man, a political H y|
cy. science major.
good," said busi- "II. J3** me par*j
n- too powerful Spearmai
n PTs? with the traitors and the tanks."
s) L f IB With questions arising aboi
d, /f^| the United States involvement i
rn Soviet affairs, Spearman believi
Halligan the best thing America can c
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%
inism
nost influential officials left the party.
At the funeral, both Yeltsin and Gorbachev
gave emotional eulogies, calling the
nen crusaders for freedom.
"We say goodbye to our heroes, our defenders,
our saviors. Of course, we are not
saying goodbye to their names ? because
Heir names will become sacred to Rus:ia,"
said Yeltsin, who led the resistance
o the hard-line coup plotters.
"This is a difficult day for us, a hard
lay, but it could have been even worse,
jecause the enemies are already like cockoaches
in a bottle, trying to eat each
>ther," added Yeltsin, standing behind a
>ulletproof shield.
Black-bordered photographs of the
hree victims ? Vladimir Usov, Dmitri
Comar and Ilya Krichevsky ? were caried
through the streets.
viet situation
now to help the troubled nation
j is to send over economic advij
sors, instead of aid, to help in the
til rebuilding of a new Soviet
economy.
As for the future of the Soviet
Union, some USC students feel a
solid democracy is within reach,
[P but only after upcoming trials.
' "There is going to be a lot of
trouble, perhaps, another cona
flict," Halligan said. "But give it
j1" a decade, and (the democracy)
will start forming."
But with this past week's crisis,
all students agree, the turmoil
and triumph
in Moscow will /w
* have a profound *r *
effect in the his- '%> IMH
tory books. ' *
11 "It was defi- Best
n nitely a landmark and historic
M event," said journalism freshman
1? Mason Best.
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