Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Exchange Corner New Student Center Nearly all legislative action concerning the Colorado State University student body is now made in the Government Offices Complex. This area is on the first floor in the southeast corner of the new $3 million Student Center. It is one of the features of the building which makes the Student Center unparalleled with comparable facilities on other campuses. Groups which have offices in the complex are the Independent Students Association, Interfra ternity C o u n c i 1, Panhellenic Council, Associated Women Stu dents and the Associated Students of CSU. The principle unit of the area is a feature which is unique to CSU and something few other schools can boast. This i, the Legislature room. The Legislature room is specif ically designed for discussion 1eetings. It is rectangular shaped and dominated by a large "O" shaped table. Although it is called the Legislature room, it is by no means used only for Associated Students Legislature meetings. Twelve to fifteen policy-making groups meet here weekly. Students Expr The Mif What is your reaction to the situation in Mississippi? Warren Johnson. Fine Arts Ma jor, Senior . . . It's a wonderful feeling to know that you are an American citizen - a member of the great est society of free people the world has ever known. It also fills one with awe to know this freedom can he so easily ripped ap)art by the bayonets of Ameri can soldiers. Have the leaders of this country been, so blind as to think that the hardened tradi tional way of life in the South can be shattered by force? It is unfortunate that the customs, be lief-; and feelings of the Ameri .'an )POPullationl are slowly being crushed by e v e r - increasing strength of the central govern ment. If I had been in Mississippi, I would have been on the front row of the rioting students. Not throwing bricks at Meredith or the federal troops, but at that unseen force that is sapping the states of all authority - that force t hat makes the world trenmble in respect *- that force which, if misguided, will destroy event the principles it itself was founded on. We are a minority. What else could I do? Virginia Glymph, Journalism Ma jor. Sophomore... A shame and a disgrace, bo0th to thle State of Mississippi andl (1to the nat ion as a whole! It in crIeases unrest and makes us look had in the eyes of the world. It's a sin that integration - a way of life completely contrary to ours in the South - is being forced upon us by court orders and( federal troops. The invasion of Mississippi is a violation of my interpretation of our Consti tut ion, but I don't think that Barnett and other "hotheads" are doing anything to help the situa tion by defiance and riots. Why get people killed if we're going to be forced into it anywvay? I disagree with integration and with thme Federal government's action, but I think that our views have been expressed, and should continue to he exp)ressedj, in a peaceable manner, not by vio lee, which only brings death and disgrace. Itonald Rotz, Naval Science Ma jor, Freshman... I think Mr. Kennedy should use our troop)s to fight Castro insteadl of our own people. Charlie W. Black, Biology Ma jor, Senior... I cannot agree with depriving aniyone~ of a~ college education. F"or this reason, I cannot go along with Governor Barnett's decisions. But I do think the question remains . . . is James Meredith doing this for an ed ucation ? Judy Shumpert, Pre-Pharmacy Major, Freshman... Opinion ? Who can have an opinion on the situation when the whole U. S. Governmet is forc ing the issue down our throat whether we like it or not. Every LittI THE FALL OF '62 wil henceforth to many mer Family. For this year, I is a marker of mortal segregation system. Sept the bluff that Barnett I promises additional wee lines. AND NOW THE QUEL a recurrence of Missis pending for another sot once again occupy Cuba tion's last stand inevitab OUR STATE'S HISTOR a stubborn people. Many Civil War; others refuse defeat. Sectionalism is al to the point of snuffing WHITE SUPREMACY ) are the sacred beliefs oi ernor Barnett backs hi: interposition," a tenet ti Civil War. He also relies ment's statement regard THE CONSTITUTION versial document durin Amendment, which proi denied "equal protectio legally adopted as a part to historians and official David Lawrence, editor Report," the whole inte. ess Views ssassippi onie haZ to reatson it out for him ,4elf. Michel Shahid, Business Admin istration Major, Sophomore . . The people of Mississippi hav my sympathy toward the racia problem they are now facing. I the Federal government ha, taken Governor Barnett's advic and waited a while, there woul have been neither violence no bloodshed. If the Federal governmen wants to integrate the school of the South, then it could do s very quietly and without th publicity that would antagoniz the people of the South. Larry . Marks, Chemical Eng neering Major, Freshman . . . My reaction is one of concer for the University of Sout Carolina. Since we are the la! University in the United Statt that is segregated, I know %w will be the next. I believe that: we are integrated it won't be ir tegrated long, for I am a Sout Carolinian and I feel as mostc the students do about going t school with a Negro. I say, obe the law and let them enroll, fe I believe that they will dro 'chool of their own will after couple of weeks and there's n lawv against that. Ke'nneth Martin, French Majo .Junior... Governor Barnett has over Stepp)ed his authority, has cause civil dlissension, and shouldl h jailed for dlisobeytng the law c the land. Presidlent Kennedy als has acted irrationally, irresponsi b)ly, and incompetently in th situation. The actions of the Fed ercal government which cause this minor rebellion were unr< st rainedl by intelligence, pri dence, or Constitutional limiti tions of power; b)ut, wvith th future of the United States an the free world in the balance, w must find legal and constitt tional methods to settle the dit pute. Violence and disorder wi only make the situation worse. John A. Vaughn, Business Ai ministration Major, Freshman. There is little doubt that state rights have been violated. Man leaders of the South warne against accepting federal goverr ment money. By taking 111 money of the Federal goveri rnent, we have made our bed There is nothing wve can do bi lie in them. There is more a fet of the unknown than of actui facts. Our sister states have r< (eivedI nothing except bloodsht when they revolted. Kennedy,< course, has allowed his brotho to go too far. The people Mississippi should accept this there will only be more bloodshe if they don't. .James It. Smith, Math Majo Junior... I think that the situation Mississippi is pathetic. Any tin a .state government p)uts itself v ais superior to the Constitutio andl refuses to abide by it, I thir1 it is an error. I think that is unfotuinntae tha ono Rock Repeat: I be an ambiguous p h r a s e ibers of The Grand Southern 'all is more than a season; it blows dealt to the southern ember's demise brought down uilt and now October's entry ,r and tear along integration TION, what comes next? Is ippi's "exercise in futility" ithern state? Will the South s headline space? Is segrega ly set for the Palmetto State? V is a stormy one and we are of us remain bitter about the to acknowledge our historical lame in many southern hearts all sparks of nationalism. LND STATE SOVEREIGNTY countless Southerners. Gov action by the "doctrine of iat many left buried with the heavily on the Tenth Amend ing undelegated powers. as become a highly contro i our time. The Fourteenth ides that no citizen may be n of the laws," was never of the Constitution according testimony. In the opinion of of "U. S. News and World gration - segregation contro Muddle -arnet,t iade force of arms the only method of enforcing the court order. In short, Meredith - h o u Id have been allowed to enter with as little publicity as possible, instead of making it an 1 international scanda". I Hill Thornton, Pharmacy Major, Freshman ... I don't think that the segrega r tionists are going to get, any where by the violence, hevause t tihe same thing has already hap S pened in Arkansas, with no im D portant, results, but I think the e sane thing will happen here e (USC) when they try to inte grate. i- Gene Plaft, P r e- La w Major, Senior . . . n inasmuch as the situation in h Mississippi is many - sided, my t reaction is likewise many-sided. S Firstly, there is a feeling of sor Srov that some people in this *f great nation would dleny eqiuality to any of its citizens; then there h is a feeling of abhorrence for the f willful disregard of duly consti 0 tuted authlority ; there is gr'ati Y tudae for thle President and his r handl1 inig of thle situtat ion; there P is a cert aini feeling of respect for' a a] those who have lawfully stood o' up for' what they believe -- whet her I a gree wit h them or not. I tuard l'ridgen, Senior... The situation in Mississippi to 'I dlay has servedl to e'xemplify an e outstanding trait of the South I which, incidentally, seems t.o have a' been inb)orn. And that is the - South's inability to face the facts e of lawv. As m emi be'r s of the - United States of Ame.rica, wve are bound to the Constitution. T'he dry - comredy of "itnterposi tion," wherein a state has the so calledl right to dlisregard any lawv e of which it doe1s not appirove, was supposedlly r e s o I v e d with the e Civil War . . . or shall we try again? The Fourteenth Amendl ment unequivocally states that n o citizen's rights wvill be abridged by s t a t e legislation. However, the Honorable Olin D. .Johnston has stated that the Amendment "was not really valid because its adloption was forced at the p)oint of hayonets (luring (Ithe occup)ation of the South." This may be true, hut the fact e remains that the Amendment is in the Constitution; if it is so tunfavorable to the South, then rchange the Constitution. In rati 1fication, (edono state ta "'whatever I like, I'll follow, and d wvhat I dlon't, I'll ignore." Even the Orienital, well - k n own for r"face," can "save face grace ~fully." The South cannot; she re is uhires hayonets. T 'he laws are in "'black and white." A re our leaders not well educ'ated (enoughi to re'ad andl to r, comp)reb(hind these laws? Alh, but our1 lead(ers ar'e wise'. TIhey pro a vide( the pulic statements; the C rioting and violence come from p the mob, co(mp)osed of th(t "aver ,, age" citizen, strongly advocating k states' rights. it Impunity from the law is not r a rigrht. By Right Of Might versy of today is rooted in that illegality. In a recent editorial, he commented that ever since the Fourteenth Amendment was allegedly adopted in 1868, the Su preme Court has evaded passing on the legality of that "ratifying" process. S E P A I A T E BUT EQUAL FACILITIES for the Negro in public transportation was the 1896 "law of the land" decision of the Supreme Court. This was subsequently interpreted as including public schools and colleges. However, 58 years later, the Supreme Court decided to overrule the earlier decision in order to modernize the law. But although the Supreme Court in 1954 desired to accommodate the changing times, no legal authority has ever been granted to the execu tive branch of the Federal Government to manage or operate the educational institutions of the States. Ilence, the problem of ascertaining just what is the "law of the land" during the integration controversy. HUT REGARDLESS OF HOW WE FEEL INDIVID JA L,Y, regardless of whether or not Go v e r n o r Barnett was justified in taking a stand, regardless of President Kennedy's action, one fact remains. The Constitution and the Court are the Supreme Law of our nation, and law and order are essential for democ racy as well as survival. Granted, the South was given a raw deal during the Reconstruction Period, and true, history may prove the '54 interpretation and subsequent action a hideous error, but for the present . . . now . . . today, the Supreme Court de cision stands. And regardless of how the masses and higher officials feel about it now, there's no turning back the tide of integration. PROGRESS IS BEING MADE and even a unified South can't stop it. Only three States in the South had no Negroes in their State universities as schools opened this autumn. The segregated three were Ala bana, South Carolina, and Mississippi. Look at us now. The situation is touchy and the pressure is on. How will the Palmetto State measure up? There are many points and countless people to consider. Dissen sion among ourselves and the other individuals com posing the U. S. citizenry will only weaken our country. Divide from within so that we may be more easily destroyed from without. What hope is there if the U. S. is militarily strong, but morally weak? TRUE. WE MUST REWARE letting the national gov ernment get too powerful. Our personal freedoms must be safeguarded against central control, and our rights must not slip between our fingers. Integration in the South has certain sectional peculiarities; the Southern Negro is numerically stronger and environ mentally different from the Northern or Western Negro. Therefore the integration pattern varies in different sections. IT'S UNFORTUNATE THAT INTEGRATION be came a political issue. Perhaps with a little more time, desegregation could have taken place with a limited amount of friction. But in 1957, all eyes turned to Little Rock and its key man, Governor Orval Faubus. Although an armed clash was avoided there, the cur rent State-federal conflict in Mississippi has been termed the most serious one since the Civil War. Today, as five years ago, p)olitical reactions made front page headlines. THllE CONGRESSIONAL CA MPAIGN CURRENTLY IN PROGRESS addecd wordliness to the integration situation. Governor Ernest Hlollings assured Missis sippianis of South Carolina sympathy while Governor nominate Donald Russell remarked on the courage and resolution of Gov.ernor Barnett. While covering the activity at Ole Miss, several newspapers com binied various episodles, producing unusual statements. l"orty-five minutes after Brigadier General Billingslea had dleclaredl, "I now dleclare this (campus) area se cure," the first of the resurgent trouble hit the streets of Oxford, close to the guardedl fringes of the school itself. A 50-CH URCH SOUTH E RN HBAPTIST GROUP urged I sarnett to "stand fatst and( (lie, if necessary, for what you believe to be right." And, meanwhile, many other groups got into the act. Among those endorsing the Mississippi governor's standl were two USC students, who sent a congratulatory telegram of about 700 signatures to Barniett. Aside from the fact that a comfortable profit wvas made from the venture, many studenIts resentedl the use of the University name in the nmessage, indIicating that the telegram expressed the general feeling among Carolina students. VIOLENCE HAS PLAYED A LARGE ROLE in the Mississippi integration episodes and those who have witnessed the Ole Miss campus expressed sorrow and concern for the extensive dainage there. The abrupt halt of classes and the general uneasiness in that area speak p)oignantly for a calmer approach to South erni integration. Chaos is not a desirable state for any camnpus or town. IT IS OUR FERVENT HOPE that if integration comes to the USC campus, it will be met with ration ality and wisdom on the p)art of those concerned. We are not peacemakers but we desire no scars to mar our beautiful campus or to blemish the heart. Urging others to take one stand or another by driving poster dlecorated cars or tacking up signs with messages "written in blood" is not our approach to the prob lem. We want no hotheads stirring up trouble at our state university. With intelligence, faith, and regard for our fellow students, the integration problem can he settled in the spirit of which our Carolina Com munity was founded. THIS ARTICLE EXPRESSES THlE OPINIONS OF THlE ED)ITOR ANI) DOES NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THE VIEWS OF THE "GAMECOCK" ITSELF. Joan Wolcott Walter Lemming . Some Brief Editor's Note: Answers to sev eral of the questions in this coluni were obtained during the week. Due to lengthy commentm on the Mississippi incident, no space was available for a financial article. The following questions with answers will appear in next week's issue. Last week it was stated that the purpose of the "Gamecock" is to "inform . . . the Carolina student body in a comprehensible ... manner." This is a good idea, but one which will undoubtedly prove to be impossible. How can staff writers presume to inform the student body of what is hap pening at the University if they themselves don't know? Let's take a look at just how much we, the students, don't know. For Instance, where is our money going? How much money is the University spending on athletics? How does this figure compare with the amount spent on academic scholarships? And speaking of money, why is it that a student can receive better serv ice off-campus as far as cashing checks is concerned? These are only a few of the questions that we could ask if we thought it would be possible to get any answers. There are others as well that arise from two The Fac( The face of fear is impass and unresponsive. The face tightly over bones. The face c hating mouths. The face of fe may be the worst form of say, "Force is admission of One face is named James University of Mississippi, it efforts ("for America" not Negro in the all-white school shed, and a college-wide guill Student rioting - often I -has at present caused sevei and a cessation of classes. The face of fear stands where one Negro janitor say drink out of that fountain, it His answer: "Water sin Yes, water sinks battlesT come a major incident to a sional racists or misled stude South Carolina is one of 1954 Supreme Court ruling, b prove that education can cor "What happens to a drea Does it dry up like a rais . . . Maybe it just sags 1' Or does it explode ?" We at USC must ask thi and use objectivity in answi Through education, the i face of faith. LIT1TLE MAlN I - ANP Wufl Ougr egggc OF OtNE OF T H FINGST Oacc, 9/ GAA CROWING FC] UJNWERSITY OF ! Member of Assochi Founded January 301 1908, with Edtn "Te(seok is publih cejon holidays and during exam9 necessarily ths f TeOme Letters to the Editor, but all Lette not eontitute an endorsment. Th publieation any letter Is rerved. EDITOR MANAGING; EDITOR BiUSINESS MANAGER AlDRTroIN MNAGER Questions sources: imagination and idle gossip. As a sample of these, we hear that it costs approximately $3,000 to put one football player on the field for one season. Multiply this figure by the number of players on the Carolina team and we would like to ask . . . Is this true? Also, where do the profits Arom the bookstore go? What Is the total intake? And how much higher are the prices there than at competing stores? From these questions, one carr easily see that the job of inform ing the student body is an in volved task-one that may border on impropriety. But do we have any degree of responsibility? Are the students of the University interested in this kind of in formation, or are the information seekers wasting their time? Per haps this is the question that we should ask before all others. As an afterthought, this writer noticed that our editor spoke about centralized control last week. We should remember, when discussing the subject, that the administration of the University will be here when we are gone. And in this context, how informed can anyone become in four years? i Of Fear ive. The face of fear is bland of fear is ebony skin drawn f fear is white with clenched, ar sometimes says, "Equality discrimination." It also may failure of diplomacy." Meredith. After a day at the is evident that Meredith's for himself") to be the first have caused violence, blood complex. ed by adult outside elements 'al deaths, numerous injuries, in the Russell House hall s to another, "Go ahead and won't hurt you." ks battleships." uips and a fountain can be campus inflamed by profes nts. the last. states to fall to the ut in falling, it will rise - to quer mob violence. m deferred ? in in the sun ? ke a heavy load. s qjuestion about integration ~ring it. ace of fear can become the ON CAMPUS 0 6LD4,VOLJ WOUP HAVG gIE F?I ~LC$ANVMEN ON CAMPLZ0. E CCOCIC R A GREATER OUTHI CAROLINA teud Collegiate Press Robert Elott Gonzales as the fint ad brand for the students of the rdas, during the college ya mnist. and letter writers are not ronust besio' Pblish~ does right to e or withhok frosn JOAN WOLCOTT JOANN COKER MURRAY COKER EMI.v REnnING