Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Anniversar Next Year By DEW JAMES Gamecock Feature Editor C;arolina's literary societies will be 150 years old next year and the presidents announce that tenative plans for a joint celebra tion are being made to mark the anniversary. Flynn Harrell, president of the Euphradian Society says commit tees are at work making plans for the affair tentatively scheduled for February. The plans call for invibing alumni of the societies and for obtaining some outstand ing individual to speak. The almost unique literary societies are almost as old as the institution itself. A few weeks after the doors opened in 1805, and the first students began their studies at infant South Carolina College, the first literary society was founded. This was the Philomathic Society and the name of nearly every student at the new college was on the roll. In part, because of the large mem bership, and in order to stimulate interest the group was divided under the leadership of the Lowry brothers of the Chester district. The story goes that James and Joseph Lowry met on the campus and tossed a coin for the first choice and chose by name the students who were to become the charter members of the Clario sophic and Euphradian Societies. In the old South, no accomplish ment was more highly respected than that of oratory. Many of the youth in the new societies were destined to 'become politicians. Often visiting dignitaries spoke to the societies. In May, 1847, Daniel Webster addressed the stu dents. He spoke in such a lacka daisical manner that some of his listeners declared the youth who University Pr Life Story of A long-forgotten South Caro lina justice, whose opinions are being studied by the modern Supreme Court, received overdue recognition with the publication of Donald G. Morgan's "Justice William Johnson, the First Dis senter" by the University Press recently. The book. is the story of the life and constitutional philosophy of a great Jeffq-sonian Supreme Court justice. It is also an analysis of American constitu tional structure. Justice Johnson is important not only to South Carolina but also tc the university, in whose founding he was instrumental, becoming president of the board of trustees in 1802. He played a large part in the planning and financing of the original college buildings. William Johnson was the son of a Charleston blacksmith, who was a leader in the Revolutionary War. He was educated at Princeton. After his graduation, he studied in the law offices of Charles Cotes worth Pinckney, was elected tc the state legislature, became speaker of the House of Represen tatives and a state judge. In 1804 President Jefferson ap. ~'~pointed him associate justice of the Supreme Court, a positior which he held .tor over 30 years. As a Supreme Court justice he was the only member who dis sented consistently and frequently with John Marshall, the chief justice. Outstanding ROTC Students Chosen Four members of the university Air Force ROTC h'ave been design~ated Distinguished Air .Force Students. Colonel Raymond F. Wiseheart, USAF, professor of Air Science, announced the ap. pointments of the four as Donald R. Lewis, Arcade, N, Y.; John E. Johnston, Greenville; Melton D. Cauthen, West Columbia, and I,aring C. Covington, Birmingham, Ala. The selections were based on .ability, initiative and other leader ship qualifications essential to the successful performance and duty as an Air Force ROTC Cadet Of ficer. If the distinguished cadnta maintain the present standards and complete the requirements for a baccalauroats degree, they will be eligible for designations is a distinguished Air Force graduate. . Celebratioir By Literary introduced the renowned speaker made a better speech than "Black Dan" himself. According to Professor Dan Hollis' first volume of the history of USC, slavery was a frequent topic of debate and discussion In the halls of both societies. The Clariosophics voted twice in dis favor of the institution In 1809. However, this stand was not con stant until 1849, when they be lieved the issue to be settled. It was believed that slavery would never be abolished and the topic was no longer suitable for dis cussion. On the issue of slave education, opinion was about equally divided over the years On the eve of the Confederate conflict in 1860, the Clariosophics advocated the pas sage of a law by the South Caro lina legislature requiring all free Negroes to leave the state or become re-enslaved. The Euphradlans were in gen eral less liberal in their outlook in regard to slavery. Emancipa tion was usually unfavored and s,lave education considered unwise. The right of a state to nullify a federal act was generally upheld by both societies. Both also op posed the enactment of a protec tive tariff. The subject for debate in the societies had considerable variety. In 1844, the Clariosophics debated "Which Is the Greater Villian, J. Q. Adams or Joe Smith." Adam's anti-slave activities in congress made him a very close contender for the honor which by a narrow majority went to the despised Mormon leader. In 1836, the Euphradians thought it unlikely that the union could exist 50 years longer without war. Prior to the War Between the .ss Publishes S. C. Justice His way of loIa'ing at the Con stitution was similar to that adopted by the Supreme Court in late New Deal times. Tihis similarity accounts for the Su preme Court's studying his opi nions in recent years after ignor ing them for over 200 years. Dr. Morgan became interested in Johnson when as a graduate student at Harvard he heard Justice Louis D. Brandeis say in a speech that Johnson's mind was one of the best in the early Su preme Court. He then began his study of Johnson which he con tinuedi for 15 years. Press Releases Books At Rate Of Mile A Year Ten miles of books in 10 years have been published by the Uni versity of South Carolina Press which issued its first book in 1945. There have been 60 separate titles and more than 100,000 individual copies. If they were all laid side by side, they would stretch for 10 miles. One copy of each title will make a pile five feet high, -md if all of them were stacked up they would tower 850 feet in the air. Nearly half of these books have been sold in South Caro line, a state which does not compare favorably in reading statistics compiled by the public libraries of the nation. The most recent report of the num ber of books in public libraries put South Carolina fifth from the bottom with an average of little more than half a book per person. Below South Carolina are Mis siss,ippi, North Carolina, Ala bama and Tennessee, the latter state averaging about one third of a book per resident. Vermont, with 4.3 public library books per capita .is highest. Of the 60 titles published by the USC Press, eight are out of print and four have been reprinted. The most popular titles have been the historical picture books which present the state as a whole or portray various sec tions of the state through ex pert photography and descrip tion. USC Press books are pur chased all over the United States, and It is safe to say t1lat many of the libraries reporting had South Carolina volumes on their shelves. i Planned Societies States, both societies agreed that woman's proper place was in the kitchen and nursery. Both reached the conclusion that the fairer sex had not been so smiled on by Prov idence in mental capacity as the male. The Clariosophic Society debated seriously in 1811, "Is Highway Robbery or Seduction the Greater Crime." Highway robbery was favored by a margin of one vote. Early in their history the so cieties began to chose honorary members from the ranks of mili tary heroes, statesmen, and liter ary figures. On the Euphradian roll of honorary members are to be found such famous names as D a n i e 1 Webster, Washington Irving, Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, J. Rion McKissick, and James F. Byrnes. The Clariosophics slate Andrew Jackson, John C. Calhoun, Wade Hampton, William Gilmore Simms, Bernard Baruch, and J. Strom Thu mond as honor ary members. On the Carolina campus are contributions of the societies. The Maxcy Monument, to the memory of Carolina's first president, Jonathan Maxey, was erected by Clariosophic. Both societies were instrumental in the establishment of The Gamecock. Each year on awards day both societies present awards for ora tory, debate, and declamation to winner of contests conducted with in each society. Membership in the societies is open to all male students at the pniversity. No organization on campus offers greater opportun ity for the student to express him self on current world problems and to gain for himself a genuine knowledge of the art of oratory, debate and declamation. Journalism School Gets Old Papers The university school of journal ism is assembling a collection of rare and unusual newspapers, ac cording to Dean Ross P. Schla bach, Jr. Among the original journals now on display is an issue of the "Massachusetts Spy" dated Sept. 23, 1790. Founded in Boston in 1770 by Isaiah Thomas, who earlier worked for a Charleston printer, it was moved to Wor chester during the Revolution. Other early examples include a 1791 edition of the "Gazette of the United States" and a 1794 issue of the "Boston Chronicle." Oldest Newspaper The oldest original newspaper in the collection is a copy of the "Leipziger Post And Ordinar Zeitung" published in Leipzig in 1689. The collection also has facsim iles of "The Boston News-Letter," America's first continuous news paper (1704-1760); "Publick Oc currences," America's first news paper, founded at Boston in 1690; afi the "South Carolina Gazette," this state's fairst paper (1732 1775). Printed on Wallpaper An interesting copy of "The Daily Citizen," of Vicksburg, Va., the last issue of which was printed on wallpaper, contains these descriptions of Lee's defeat of General Hooker at Hagerstown, Md.: "Today the mongrel admini stration of Lincoln, like Japhet, are in search of a father-for their old Abe has departed for parts unknown." Another excerpt describing Lee's approach to Washington, D. C., states: "Lee is to the left of them, the right of them, in front of them, and at any moment we ex pect him to be down on them." Recent Papers More recent newspapers in the collection include the Russian paper "Pravda's" announcement of Joseph Stalin's death, copies of "The Chicago Tribune" describing the sinking of the Maine, Peary reaching the North Polo, the declaration of World War I, and the German surrender; and Issues of... "The Philadelphia Inquirer" featuring all important presiden tial elections from Jackson (1832) to Truman (1948). The majority of the papers on display were obtained through the membership of the journalism de partme~nt in the International Newapaper Collector's Club. 'They are used for classroom and extra eurricular study by journalism students and are exhtbited for the beneft of visitor. USC Professors Attend Meetings During December A number of representatives of bhe university attended profes sional meetings last month, accord ing to Dr.'W. H. Patterson, dean of administration. Prof. B. L. Baker of the engi neering department represented the university at the annual meet ing of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers in New York. Mrs. David D. Strebe, Stephen Kulik, and W. L. Williams of the mathematics department attended a joint annual meeting of the Americ.--i Mathematical Society and the 14athematical Association of Ar -ca in Pittsburgh, Pa., Dec. 271:.-30th. I'.story Department Dr. IP. H. Wienefeld, Dr. George Curry, Dr. Robert D. Ochs and Dr. RicV.ird N. Chowen of the his tory department were present at a meeting of the American Histor ical Association in New York City on Dec. 28th-80th. Dr. J. W. Hassell of the foreign languages department attended a meeting of the Modern Language Association of America in New York Dec. 27th-30th. Dr. W. H. Callcott, dean of the graduate school, Dr. R. H. Wiene feld, dean of arts and science, and H. 0. Strohecker, registrar, have attended meetings of the Southern Association of Colleges and Sec ondary Schools in Louisville, Ky. College Stores Meet B. E. Fowler, manager of the University Book Store, was pre sent at the National Association of College Stores regional meeting in Greensboro, N. C. F. E. McEachern, Jr., assistant director of the extension division, participated in the Southeastern Adult Education Association Con ference held in Atlanta, Ga. Dr. Erland Nelson, professor of psychology, met with the Board of Education of the United Luth eran Church in America at Wash ington, D. C., on Dec. 6th-8th. Dr. Nelson was elected to the board at the convention of the United Lutheran Church held in Toronto in October, 1954. Bill Zartman Whal would ar degree my op for adva at Dt Dr. Sheldon Usokoff re Chemical Engineering in 1952, doing his grad problem of heat tranui graduation he's been a search work at the Du Wilmington, Delaware, search Project Engined search Laboratory. Ar. ye intereste About 2000 Du P< rently engaged in re 3500 other employei of the highest qual Du Pont Experima mnington, and elses country. Full infor work at Du Pont is i Research." Write to 28-page booklet to mousu & Co. (Inc.), ing, Wilmington, D) aul SETTlE THINOS U ..HEOU,' WA'ICH "CAVAILCAnR nw Transport Co. Offers $500 Scholarship An annual scholarship to aseist a student who has selected motor freight transportation or in dustrial traffic management as a future career has been established at the university. Dr. Samuel M. Derrick, dean of the School of Business Admini stration, has announced that the university is one of eight insti tutions of higher learning granted scholarships by the Pilot Freight Carriers, Inc., of Winston-Salem, N. C. Recipient of the scholarship will be a member of the senior class selected by a university faculty committee. The scholar ship is valued at $500 annually, paid in two installments. The Pilot Freight Carriers, Inc., a commercial transportation firm, has also established scholarships at the Universities of Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, Ten nessee, Virginia, Pennsylvania State University, and Syracuse University. The YMCA and YWCA are the onl.v two organizations on the cimpus that have special groups for freshmen. N yo..ass Pi"e Medico tars flal with al with fi 4- AchWe pipe Im wants to know: ; effect t advanced have on artunities mcement L Pont? Unive -Du P selecta ofque Sheldo: L An adv nived his Ph.D. degree in in tech rrom Columbia University In my< uate research work on the er in liquid metals. Since ered to agaged in fundamental re- origina 'ont Experimental Station, Dr. Isakogf Is now a Re- helpful tr In the Engineering tke- that sk a head i inreserch work? .It's I nt scientist, are cur search, aided by some human s. Laboratory facilities teChnic ty are available at the stal Station near Wil.. or salei rhere throughout the tration nation about research.. given in '"I'he Story of traing r your copy of thisfree E. I. duPont de No- But ] 2521 Nemours Build- he plaware. advano ~college in scien OR SITTER tIVIMG vanced 4 cMuMUstaV AMRRICA" ON TRL.RVISiona demona Book by Quii Mention In ( "The Forging of American Socialism: Origins of the Modern Movement," by Dr. Howard H. Quint, professor of history at the university, is the second publica tion of the University of South Carolina Press to receive honor able mention in the John H. Dun ning competition of the American Historical Association. Announce ment of this "honor of note" was made at the annual dinner of the association in New York on the evening of December 29th. Honor able mention is equivalent to "second place" in this fward. This contest is held in alternate years and in the 1952 competition the USC Press volume, "South Carolina Negroes, 1877-1900" by George Brown Tindall received honorable mention. Dr. Quint's book, which was published in the spring of 1953, has been reviewed both in Amer ica and abroad by eminent scholars in the fields of history and po litical sciepce, and for the most part the reviews have been excep tionally favorable. At present the author has a leave of absence from the uni versity and is doing research for a biography of H. Gaylord Wil shire who was a resident of Los Angeles and an international NYLON SIT Guaranteed BIte-Proof. MEDICO AhuaMater FILTER PIPE S3- & $5- F 's filter strains smoke of nicotine, juices, ces.When filter turns brown, throw it away I the impurities it has trapped. Replace esh filter for mild, mellow smoking. Syewr wn cUelege eWr on bowl i N. Zerman is studying for a B.S. in rsity of Illinois. Last mummer he worked i1 ont's Chambers Works to gain industria ,cd a permninent employer, however; andr stions which will help him select the right j< z Isakoff answers: anced degree would undoubtedly I nical work, Bill, but let me enlargE >wn field-chemical engineering-i be evidence of demonstrated ab I research. An advanced technica in obtaining work in research and ill is definitely important. You mig start in proving his ability in thos 3es important in some other areas,i uction or sales work a manifest relationships is just as important al competence. If an engineer is solt , a graduate degree in marketing might be more helpful to him thal -in getting started. 've noticed this at Du Pont. Once sen field and actually begins to o ament depends more on demonstr degrees. That's true throughout ti tific work, administration, or wha i advanced degree is not a royal it, Bill. But when coupled with pn~ technical degree is unquestionabla and development work. It often trate his abilitie morapidl. it Receives ompetition figure with iuch correspondents as George Bernard Shaw and H. G. Wells. Dr. Quint was awarded grarts to do this 'work by the Ford Foundation and by the Social Science Research Council. Dr. Tindall's book on South Carolina Negroes was also very well received by reviewers and scholars. In The Catholic Histor ical Review, it was described as "a valuable survey, a fact which was publicly attested to when the volume was given second place in the competition for the John H. Dunning award of the American Historical Association." Dr. Tindall was teaching his tory at the Woman's College of the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, N. C., when his book was published and is now at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. He is working on a biography of Wade Hampton and has spent two summers in South Carolina doing research. Cramming , for Exams? 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