University of South Carolina Libraries
if \ " _. J 4 :. r V i . V . : ' h VOL LIV " " WINNSBORO. S. C., WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 10, 1900. NO. 21 ; jj-4^ '? JpfR GALLANT DEM)] The Men South Carolina Sent Into the Civil War. TUF I IVFS THAT WERE GIVEN Valuable Historical Facts and Figures From the State Hisitorian's Annual Report to the Legislature. The annual report of the State historian of public records has been prea-nA tn fj-nc- MftSvreenev f.. for transmission to the genera! assemr b!y. The report covers 89 printed pages of as valuable matter-as has ever i gone into a report to the general as3emjjg scmbly. It is fall of information that * - * it * _ 5 jj |S has Deen couectea aurmg many >eai? |P and put in condensed form now for F the first time. Col. Thomas' prelimi nary report reads as follows: To His Excellency, M. B. MeS xci&c'y, (Governor of South Carol i u a. " '% Sir: I have the honor to submit through you to the general assembly" S my annual report for the jear 1899. J. The last general assembly having l made no provision for the continuance \ of the important work of this office, it was in view of mucli unfinished dusiLiess connected therewith, outside of the completion of the rolls, that i deemed it my duty to keep the office upen and'to prosecute my labprs on^rny own responsibility, as a voluntary 'contribution to the Confederate history of the State, and especially to the cause of the rank and fi!e of a noble soldiery. To this end I have addressed myself chiefly to the further collection of war papers and to such data as -would illuminate the Confederate rolls I placed | myself as far as practicable in commute uication with the leading surviving representatives of each organization, infantry, cavalry and artillery. Of the' 64 communicated with, about one-half only made ^response. The- result of my year's work appears in the following elaborate pap&. IV rrill cson frhat fhA aftttftMQt. of the raising of troops in South Carolina for State and Confederate service? 4 1S61-65?which is herewith presentedas the joint work of Mr. W. J Rivers : and myself, is an iajportabt 'contribu-" tion to the.history of the part taken by the State in the Confederate War, and that taken by the troops furnished by the State to the southern Confederacy. Much credit is due to Mr. Rivers, the eminent historian and educator, for his share in the "account."' This paper tnrowa a flood of light upon the Con federate rolls, 2nd lays broad and deep the foundation of the sketch which has been designed by legislative action to > accompany the publication thereof, when this publication shall be ordered by the general assembly. If ? As a further rc.-u'r of my seryices , P"the year ending I report the llection of muchaddir.ooaldata from-.; South Carolina in the war for southern independence and consatutianarUber-^ : ty?such as the following:*.,.s.y. VThe upveiling of the.mural tablet*.., OA 1OQQ Bro'wnfield's sketch of Uicttfer -JR*?/ ; Anderson. * McMasterls sketch of Kliioit's bn#aiie% at Crater. Hadson's-skelch of the Twenty'.MXtOrJs* regiment.'-.. " .'\ '}y Simons' sketch of the..Twenty-sev-"!" enth regiment.. ' XJ' ' " . j Mattison's sketch.of-.tKcr-sTiliffes. Tributes to the lat<r:;OoU.<?.- $IcD.,' Miller. ,. V^UV:.. (Joker's- History?Co ''E^'Sixth'S O" V mantry; Uo "br," i\i:;tn a>, v =.y. ia-j fantry, C S A. A. Barron Sol mes* sketch of Bdlm?fc--"to Guard. Colcock's account of the bat-tie of - II oney.Hill. Wells' paper on the causes of the war. Courtenay's fragments of war his5* tory. v : ?< vr 2 n : (i?? jcws auu vuuiict a w?i yuycis?vvufederate reunion, May, 1899. Unveiling shaft to unknown deadOctober, 1S99. Our dead at Point Lookout. The following additional rolls have been received: Co A, Twentieth regiment, S C V. Co K. Seventh regiment, S C V. Co E, Second regiment, S C V. Oo A (Richland Volunteer Riile Co) First regiment, S C V, Gregg's. * Co A (Calhoun G: -.id- Twenty Seventh regiment, S o V Darlington Guards, 1861. The roll of ''individual records' has been augmented by the addition of eight names. The rolls having been practically completed, I would regard my duty/not fully done, if I did not repeat the 'recommendation, heretofore made, that they be published* duly edited, and accompanied, agreeably to ihe original i-oheme of the general assembly, approved Dec. 20, 1893, by such a sketch ;ts that contained in the one herewith v.ibmitted in the ' account," supplemented by a concise statemcLt of the uar record of each of tlu- orgauizitions Irom South Carolina that participated in our heroic struggle. As to the approximate com o* ihe | 1 ublicatioa of the rolls,. X submit herewith the estimates furnished, at my .re- . ^.Maest. by a reputable printing house iu ESTIMATE NO. 1. With reference to the publication of i he rolls, I have looked carefully over the matter, and believe that the best >hape would be to set in nonpariel type, >ize of page 7 3-8 inches by 11. The width of the column is such' that we would put tne neaa ct eae& page on the eleven inch side?that is. the side (,f the book,, and read do*n one page: and then down the other. -.Allowing for 106 pages of introductoryma'.terj,, title pages, indexes, etc., aided to.the. rolls as per specifications which jou." s:ave me, the book will make three volumes, -about 800 pages each.' I pronose to put them on thin, stroDg paper, that they will not be too bulky, and bind the volumes in c-'otb. In this ttvle they would, cost as follows - 1,000 copies, about $5,000. 2,000 copies, about $7,000. 5,000 copies, about $12,000. 4 > slkr - ESTIMATE NO 2. .Referring to toe publication of the rolls, we shall be pleased to furnish the same, with the names only, without the record, and allowing about 120 pages for roll of general field staff officers and the narcfktjve matter, bound in paper. ]J set in small pica type: 1,000 copies, $l,2ik). ii,vuu copies, ouw. 5,000 copies, $2,$75. We could set in % little smaller type than the above (brevier,) it and would reduce the cost somewhat, say: 1,000 copies, $1,100. 2,000 copies, $1,300. 5,000 copies, $2,35U. They could be bound in a very fair quality of cloth cases for about $180 per 1,000 copies. You twild try the edition in paper, and that would ensure the publication, and parties desiring to get them could have them bound more substantially afterwards. These estimates are submitted to the judgementof the general assembly. I desire only to add. that the publication of the names alone, leaving out the descriptive ^part on each roll, while respecting economical conditions, would in my view meet the requirements of the proposed publication. This whole mUter, however, is a question for the general assembly to determine upon its responsibility to therfteo^e; of - . South Carolina, and there -I alri ^conteifr to leave it., Having fulfilled to the full measure of my ability and my opportunity ihe tru3t mommftted to mo, October, 1897, by-the late lioveraor Ellerbe, and the general assembly having shown no disposition to consummate the work as originally oudictfd and designed, I now submit to \ou the resignation of my office, with a high appreciation of the interest that your excellency:has shown in my labors. I have the honor to be, yours respcctfulljirf^^;. Jno. P. Thomas. The ; account"-'"S^vCTrng South Caro lioajs part ia the Civil Was is entitled 'The liaising of Tr*ops in South Carolina focState and.(JOnfederaterService" and Paft, One deals with l*Tne beginning^ the War between the States -in South Carolina." It makes interesting reading. The namesfof the, officers of all the commands a^e-giv.efr^' Pan Two deals wi&4ibe' ''"volunteers for Oonfederate^seiyice "itfd State service to the* close of tbe'^ear 1861." Part Three is entitlcd^.'Volunteering continued?conscription*-reenliating of 12 months' trobps,.- ant! .reorganization in the spring. oHS62,':... . ^ ; The "account" concludes thus: *? v*'It"ias been seen that'up to August, 1862, 45.000 were computed toentered the Confederate service from this State." . : This is the revelation of the rolls at this time: : The official records in the office of the .Scate historian- of Confederate "> 'i -< * * n 1? X recoros snow ixiav ooum uarouna put iD the armies of the Confederate States 3i rcgiue'nts and four battalions of infantry?371 companies, seven regiments, one squadron and one company of cavalry?73 companies; and three regiments, two battalions and 19 unattached batteries of artillery ?55CO?PEanies?^Wtabulation of the roib;' including the field and staff, regimental sn'd/ttairstfoif, |ftTdg the following reagltrC * t '* ' * ~ .'I ?*'?; JSlirolil^lr Uffecti^ Infantry . v"? *v". 'f. ^,328 * 38,31# Cayalfy!"-".*. 3,014 -W:: -I-ai?a<? caaa-j-tii'e .?^u^pe.cord sshow ire-.: server,, fe!d and* , t.t> :. there were organizS;<?. J ea$?%2 f%imenis of rosett^B ^titiOp^ .ott^r.-; troops...-: wfc* i It. thus appe2r$7 from the'- figures of the folU 'id the State historian's custody and duly -fikfk, that South Carolina furrn^bcd for C ">nfederate service 61,608 officers and men - total enrolled,or 53.965 total effective, and for State service 4,944officers and men. total:. rolled, or'4,9ir total effective.Making.now the :moderate' estimate, . and the estimate that the truth of history warraats that 5 per cent, of Con federate ana zo per per cent.. Uf btate troops are not carried on. Xhe^r^lls;. ,it> farther appears that ^South.., Carolina gave to the Southern Confederacy a total of 71;0S3 officers and men'enrolled or 62,833 effective, .as follows: ? Enrolled- Eifec^Lve. Infantry 46,544 40', 229 Cava-tv ; r . 9.520 - 8,414 Artillery ...... r. 8,839- 9,018 Total 56,661 State troops enrolled or- effective 6,177, aggregating^ asabove stated, 71 Affl^aro onrT man onrAllo^ e\t . I ijVW UUVA UIVU V/U1V14VU) Vi VWj 838 efective. : ~~ iS ' * ; v The magDiffcent-.way and--the -rare: unanimity with which South Carolina btcod ^y her .c.olors and redeemed.Jthev plejige'of lSKO'oFlife acdliojio^la'bost illustrated by the simple fact *tlia"t the voting population of the State fcas but 60,000 i^J^-; ; $*'* I\ .Biit'thi^qb^ not limit the confiribir- ;' lion of the' State. Entitled to" equal honor with the officers and men-i>? ihe line are those'self-sacrificing "and skilful meo who -eempesed the engineer : corps, the med;cal stafi^and.'the band of chaplains, as well as'the'quartermaster and commissary department. - Nor sho-uld we overlook the services of the :s ieo a I cojfcpS;" ~ Captains Courageous-' .??. the"Bfo6^a(ig nmners, ind; th& officers and men that -SbuthCarolina gave to tlj.e iron-.clads.in the harbor of Charleston aiid'to'the' Con feaerate-.-Svaies navy, the-feefoism ofwhich is matter of ^history. Id reviewing further the contribution of this State to the cause of~ secession and State rights, must be---feken inVaC'* r count the military.skill-cf the geVetfci" office rs-fomi sonth GaroIina4ri th"6 uoit- ' federate-armies,'of whom,* appointed from South Carolina ^..or from'^tHar ct. , ' ^*j-_ .h_' "l'r " ..i. 3iaies, ice r?curas ^owjaye lieutenant generals, besides a ,1qq2 array; of brigadier*generals, colonels and "majors^ Of other comtnis^iqr^dr'nbn-cominissioned officers and privates- comftig under.-this he?.d thews Is no record. ^ S? much,; concisely "stated; ?or South Carolina's contribution/to.thr :aise to which she was ple'dled" by the ordinance of ..secession, -passed December 20, .1S60. _ " * ThATA ih r>TV?apnfrp<3 ncrt fViA f.nstlv acrifice laid upoa the altar of country ? by South Carolina in the war she precipitated and then grandly breasted, receiving her full share of the liery bolts of battle from 1861 to the end. | The report of the State historian, laid j before the general assembly, shows the i deaths in battle or from wounds, the deaths from disease and in prison, and the wounded to be as follows: Infantry 17,918 Cavalry 1,467 Arhillprv 710 making a total of such casualties to be 20.101. But this, owing to the imperfection of some of the rolls reported, does not give the full showing. As to the 371 infantry company rolls, 26 contain no report of ./'died in battle or from wounds"; 43 no report of "died fromdisease"; 167 no report of "died in prison," and 45 no report of "wounded." As ?o the 56 artillery company rolls, 22 contain so report of "died in battle or from wounds"; 25 no report of "died from disciase"; 49 no report of "died in prison," and 27 no report of "wounded." Applying now the rule of averages to 1 a. i f onnoora that XU^UUi|avW 1 V14J-J AV VM-the infaDtrv casualties may fairly be put at-21,146; the civalry at 1,739, and the artillery at 1,363, making a total of 24,245, ilastified as follows: Infantry. Died in battle or from wounds... 0,705 Died fror.i disease 5,746 Died-in prison 1.182 Wounded 7,513 Total . .2U46 cavalry. Died in battle or from wounds 528 Died from disease 457 j Died .in prison 86 | Wounded 66S Total . .1.729 ARTILLERY. , :! * ' Died in battle or fioin wounds.. .. 350 Died from disease '. 404 Died in prison - * 37 Wounded : .... :572 / i wn i vjiai w v To sum up: Basing the percentage of casualties upon the "total.enroled" in each arm of the service, .fRe- rssolt would be: Infantry, 45? 'per!cent.: cavalry, 18 2-10 per C?nt.;__artillery, 15 4-10 per cent. ' . Making the "total effective'' ia each arm of tfce service the basis of said percentage, the result wouhi-be: Infantry, 52 7-10. per cent.; cavalry, 20 7-10 per oenti That is. the casualties of the in" fantry in war were more than one-fialf of <he total effective; of the cavalry more than one-fifth,'and of the artillery more than one-sixth. , Truly, a costly sacntice, ana one freely made, of the best blood of the commonwealth! So much, concisely presented* for the personal sacrifice of South Carolina-- in the field of arms 1861-65. More eloquent than words are the. figures here given?figures based upon records and the logical inferences deducible therefrom. " The-patriot arc- X)f'- the contribution and ' the cathos of the self-sacrifice make up the story of the fame of this commonwealth. And when, further, there are added to this military heritage South Carolina's contribution* of statesmanship and the fidelity &f her noble womanhood in the. years of the war, there is exhibited a demonstration of devotion to principle in scorn of con sequence, and in obedience to duty, that challenges the world's admiration. The part enacted by South Carolina in the war between the States is her gfory ?n.d her complete vindication. -.Part four deals exclusively with the $State troops." "*r.A. _ m 4, . xnofc a |-;-After fully investigating the matter $k; Spartanburg Herald has corce to the conclusion that the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company is not a-"trust, but a lagitimate business enterprise. The Heraltka^***: 'It is a joint stock corporationffwfciripiiias bought and ^aid for a number of fertilizer factories. It owns the,poverty and the stock in the company is owned by tttouands of Individuals all over the -south. The stockholers manage the affairs, through a board: of'directors.-' We have taken the trouble_.t? lo$c3nto this matter and to inquire into the rise in the price of fertilizers.4 We find that the prices of commercial. fe4ili^eis have incraaed about 20 .per centr over last year, while the cost of most "of 'the material that enters into-the manufacture of fertilizers has increased much more than this in price. A-s-a ma&epo??act there is less profit to t?ie companies making fertilizers just now even at the in _.j? j.i? i?i _i? " creased prxue iuau jaai/ yuai, wjjcu iuc> were sold far 20 per _ cent. less. A Trust is ..au organisation of ^manufacturers id w;hicSi?e Taterests^of several concerns aje^jigpled .for the purpose of. limiting ^?.putput of the factories w-ith.avje#:to-controlling price?. Severalconceanis come together and agsee tfcat & cethin-:.number of them shall suspeikb^p.ei'ations for a stated time, and- that all^ stalP share in the profits of thbsfe^w-hich continue to oper ate. It is strictly an organization to limit production and to raise prices, and i^annot.b^on any 'ground. It'is an organ jp;tioQ : in . restraint of trade, and measure! by the definition of a Trust, we find that the VirginiaCarolina Chemical Co., is, in fact, the opposite of a trust. .This company, with ample means,'..has. bought up a number of struggling, mill's, ..making fertilizers. ^keV"'plant's ' iha re been ond nnt in raftrtd renair. Many of them have been enlarged, and,instead of having the- force of men at wo& in the factories reduced, as is the case with Trusts, -there has been an actual increase." ' * . A Preacher Murdered. - ' The Rev. Mr: Brooks, of the Church MissionaryVooiety,-siatiooed at Piug _Y:n, in thevprovmcre,'o! SHan Tung, .Chipa wfls^afiturgj^-in that vicinity ancumurderedTjecember 3 by members of-a sediti&ti^fjbr^y'called.."boxers," who'have t^efc^afetive lately destroying m o r> rr T-S11 a ?TA<J OT><^ Villinsr nftti VPi Chri ? tians. The government,, of.the. province had despa^iad j 'a f5rcfirof^cavalry-(o tho sceneofc the* disturbances, bat "the soldiers - aifrfred: -fco^'kte' to save Mr. JBrooks.:--'-*^'" i .AlyDeej) Eiaiifire. * -Lz >liss May Hudson of Walden, Ga., while lookingfinto- a.7(Moot well,-lost her balance yoafig man wl^vfaawithnfcr at the time -succeededftf--res'catng- h&r. ^ Bejond a few scratches, she was unin jured. I FRAUD ANDBRIBERY The Goebel People Promise to Shake Social Kentucky TO HER BOURBON CENTRE. They Make Nine Charges in Their Contest. The Goebel Democrats Have the Legislature. It begins to look as if there was considerable ?ronnd for the charges made by the Goebei Democrats that the Republicans of Kentucky were determined to steal the State. The legislature is now in session at Frankfoit and the Goebel Democrats have, submitted their notice of contest against Governor Taylor and-Lieut. Gov. Marshall ha? been ; served./ Nice different grounds of cpn-\ tpst are embraced in the notice^ the substance of which is as-follows: ' ?' First. Alleged use ol tissue "ballots ' in 40 fiDunties. ' ' Second. Military interference with the election and intimidation, of voters in Jefferson county by troops under or-, ders and personal command of Gov. Braajey., . Third. Alleged, unlawful .issuance of itfaridatory - injunctions by-Judge Toncy, . in Louisviikvon election day, by which election officers were 'compelled to sign false returns. -Fourth. ' Intimidation of: railroad ciu jv'ojees by.chief officers of the Louis ni I. v) V*aV*vilL> i* i-!! r.i jr? in SAtreral counties; . F??th. .That the leaders of the Republican part}* coriuptly entered into a conspiracy with the Louisville anid Xashville'railroad, the American Book Trust and.other corporations and trustsby which-these corporations furnished:, large sums of money for the purpose of" defeating the contest. Si^th. Alleged unlawful issuance of mandatory Injunctions in Knox and Lewfe counties compelling county election boards to certify to false returns. Seventh.- Alleged interference ot United States marshals in the elections which was the result of a conspiracy betwpen the marshals and the Republican'leaders to intimidate the voters. 'Eighth. That before the meeting of the S:ate election commissioners Dec. 4, the Louisville and Nashville railroad through its paid agent, John H. Whallen, entered into a conspiracy with the Republican leaders to bring to the State capital large bodies of deperadoes to intimidate and overawe the election commissioners 'into giving-the certificates of election to Republican candidates; t'hat-Go v. Bradley had here for. like purposes, soldicr3 in citizens clothing, etc. Xinth. That the election commissioners were forced threugh threats of personal violence and incendiarism .in spirea ny me Juguisv-Mie auu i^aauyuic railroad, to sign returns which were net true. * In addition to the above it was charged at the Democratic caucus by Senator Harrell that he had: been approached by Whallen and paid $4,500 to remain out of the caucus. The money, he said, had been placed in a box with the Louisville Trust Company, the key to which he passed up to Senator Gcebel, who was presiding over the J- -L; t. J_ : caucus, ending ms speecu Dy ueuiarmg that he had entered into the deal for the purpose of exposing WhalleD, and, further, that there was not money ccough in the world to make him disloyal to his party and his State. WHALLE.V ARRAIGNED. Col Wballen was arraigned on the attempted bribery charge before Magis trate Thompson and held over to the Fr?nklin county grand jury, his bond being fixed at'$10,00G^- In the circuijT court President H. V'.-Loving of th? Louisville Trust compaoy was. before Judge Cantrill, charged with contempt for disobeying the order of the court to turn over the vault box.alleged to hold the $4,500 wbTSh it-^fs "claimed was to 1 J _ TT 11 : _ il U ue paiu lu nan"ii ill iuc event 11c vutcu agaijst Goebel in the contest. Loving stated that ha merely -d^ired to protect the customers 'of his company, and his attorney mSved to quash the summons against him.7'" This the court overruled. Thereupon a response was filed to the rule for contempt and in this it is stated thit. Whallen," "Harrell and Charles Ryan rented the-box in ques/JAnAcifA/1 in i f CIVU ttUU U.(-jJVS01lfVA OViUg.WUiUft *li *v, VMV box being sealed up ^nd covered over with white paper.' The trust company officials were notified not- to allow the box opened except in the presence or by the consent of all three parties. Judge Cantrill adjudged the response insufficient and ordered the box to be produced in court. It is said that an attompt will be made to have Senator Harreil indicted in Louisville, where VVhallen's attorneys claim the prosecution should have been instituted if any offense has been committed. The ? TT 1 ^ ^ _ 1_ _ 1_ 1 _ cnarge against narrei wouig prodadjy be conspiracy, or accepting a bribe. Both houses of the legislature organized at noon by electing the nominees of last night's caucus. In the house South Trimble, .for speaker, received the full 58 Democratic votes and J. P. H^swell, all of the 42 Republicans. For president pro tem of the senate^ Ciroebel was elected. The four Democratic senators who bolted the caucus Tuesday night, voted or the caucus nominees Wednesday. Making Them New. The advertisement of Ortmao's Steam Dye Works, of Columbia, S. C. touches a subject of interest to lots of people?because so many people have clothes that' they want renewed by cleansing or dveine or both. At Ortnian's Steam Dye Works, only the best materials are used and only skilled workmen are employed. Satisfaction is guaranteed. I Eight Enndred Bodies. ; Tifiis, Russian .Transcaucasia, has .been visited1 by a terrific earthquake. Altogether i3 villages in the Achalk-. alak districfrof' this government have experiencecfilrthquakeshocks. : Six of' t'tpfiA .have been comoletelv de stroyed and 800 dead bodies have already been recovered. -* ^ .^^PL. OUR STATE SCHOOLS. j i - J \ Facts and Figures About Them Hard < to Get At. The superintendent of education, after a yery ninute study of conditions in the country, has prepared a system 1 of registers for the teachers and trustees in the country schools. Mr. McMahan has made most strenuous efforts I to simplify the keeping of the records I in *the schools, while at the same time j having each item of interest about the { school carefully kept. In making out < Viis annual rpnnrf. ho Tias frmrtti t^ah \ --x-V- -j ? ~ ?? - . the data about the schools in the coun- , try are very hard to get, bccause of the , meagerness of the reports from the teachers and trustees. The county superintendents have ^ been unable to make their reports full, J bewise of there being no records in the ' county offices. Whether or not it is 1 too much to expect that the district | trustees make out the very elaborate ' reports*heretofore asked cf them/it is 1 'proven beyond question true that they 1 haye not made out tiesc reports. The new* record books are very simple in form, and- require, ao Chinese puzzle work to keep straight. To better preserve the records in the schools, and have them so that information can be readily iound out' in time, all records kept by the teachers and the trustees are to turned in to the county superintendent of education at the close of eaoh school year<. Tn thfi trustee' record books. Mr. McMahan gives some ^ery carefully 1 prepared instructions, not only as to the 1 keeping of these 'records, but as to the 1 management of the school generally. These instructions are vr-ry interesting J to all *ho are interested in tbe welfare J of public schools, and are given here in full: * ! . . 1. Mftftfinffis. The hoard can take no ! action except at a regular called meet- ' ing. The proceedings of each meeting should be recorded in this book, and 1 no order for money should be issued 1 except under the authority of a resolu- 1 tion properly adopted, and recorded. 1 Ai its first meeting the board should ] choose for its terms of two years a J chairman and a cterk. The clerk will 1 keep this book. ' 1 2. Warrants. Every order for money shall specify exactly the service or ar- * ---i- -.1 : ] liUie LUCICIU ptiiu lUi. auu cjiu cv/uuui that has received the benefit. The ] stub mast be filled out, and then the j clerk of the board, the county superin tendent and the county treasurer will j each have a complete record of all the ' details of every item of expenditure for 1 each particular school in the district, j The county superintendent will not ' approve a warrant that is not thus J definitely filled out. 3. Overdrafts. The clerk will trai.5- 1 fer U> tlic disCurseurcEt page a'! 1 i- -- -i.,k?- ?;n ( duluuuld uil luc dijKXIJS, auu.tnu jvuvvt . at all time3 how his aceount stands with the treasurer. No warrant should 1 be issued in excess of the money to the J district. If issued, it is void. *-v4. Report. This book properly kept 1 will be delivered at the end of the 1 school year to the county superintend- ( ent as the report of board of trustees. 1 5. Visiting schools. The trustees 1 should manifest an interest in the" ' schools under their charge and acquaint themselves with 'the condition and needs of each" school, so as to be able ] to promote best the educational inter- 1 ests of the district. Each trustee i should visit each school ih his district 1 at least once a year, and observe the j work and the spirit of teacher aod pu pils. 1 G. Contract with teacher. No one < can be elected as a teacher who has not i at the time of a certificate of qualifica- ] tion granted by, the board, of education 1 of the cwi-nty or'by the State b?ard -of '< education. Diplomas and certificates < from other States have no legai effect I in -this Stater "Great hardships may < restilc from attempting to employ a i teacher who has no certificate*.- and is ' consequently legally incapacitated, to < draw the'salary. The-plea of ignorance ] of the law can effect no relief. Before definitely choosing a teacher the board; i ? m - --i xt_ . i.?J-i snouia comuruuicate wiui iae cuuut.&rf>. superintendent &ad obtain his sanctioD. 1 7. Salary.*? j?his is a matter of coil- j tract between the teacher. and the i board of trustees, subject to the super- < .vision of the county board of education. ' There is no law requiripg uniform salaries to grade of certificate. The board*'--3 ifrits discretion should endeavor t) fix ! the salary in every case according to < individual merit and the work of the i school. Especially should the board J observe the evidences of the teacher's i skill and fidelity and regular the sal- ' ary the next year accordingly. _ i 8. Time of choosing tcavher. i?eforc ' the close of a school, or u * soon afterwards as possible, the teu ;Ler for the next year shouid be elected, with salary and number of months definitely ] agreed upon, so that the teacher may < know the prospect of work for the coining year and may plan for it. The chil- ] dren, moreover, have an interest in i knowing if their old teacher is to come ] back, and the parents have a right to ; know at the earliest possible time what i is the outlook for the next year's I school. < The trustees shoald avoid the fre- 1 quent changing of teacher.-, a practice ; whicli is destructive to the progress of 1 the pupils and to the jrofession of i teachers. Refusinz to maintain an un- < necessary number of schools, economizing in all purchases, and seekipg the aid, when posiible, of an extra tax or a neighborhood contribution, the j trustees should pat forth every effort j to find means to pay a living yearly j salary and employ a competent teacher, f CTMfk tlio onr>rtnracrin?r nn^pr^fnndinc . that the position is assured for sue- -j eeediDg years "during good ^ehavior" < and constant evidences of unflagging ] earnestness and effort toward further < improvement. 9. Patrons. The trustees (subject" < only to rthe county and State board) have entire control of the public ( schools of their district, location and ? building of newschool houses, the sale ; of former school-iousss, the employ- 1 ment of teachers, etc. Patrons have no voice except as the trustees may see fit to consult .them. At the same time the trustees should' never lose - sight of i the fact ^hat the confident approval i aiiu vi ^i*i?xv/j-io <*i.xla\ui^~ j pensable to the prosperity of the i school, and are to be obtained by a < wise and firm administration without 1 ^ y/i?' ' ' Ovy. .1- - .. ?avor or fear, with an eye only to the public good. It is often a mistake to :ry too hard to please everybody. John J. McMahan, State Superintendent of Education. TTn?TT7?ST TVrSTHTnT 0L White Republican Will Bun Against the Democrat. A dispatch from Charleston to the Columbia State says ''the contest for Congress from the First District promises to be bitterly fonght, both in Lhe Democratic party and at the general election. It is generally thought -Trjf William Rllintf. anrl \Tai Joseph W. Barnwell will compete done for the honor of the Democratic nomination. It is possible, of course, 'or a Richmond to enter the field, but :his seems doubtful at present, and it looks as if the candidates now before :he public will have the fight all to themselves. The forces have already begun to line up for the fray, but the primary is a loBg time off and there will be many changes between this day md next August. Both candidates have their admirers and supporters at work, who are going about ar using interest in behalf of their favorite -and endeavoring to count the noses. It is appreciated that organization ia the main spriug, and both' sides are endeavoring to put their forces in' order. The Republicans promiss to make a hard fight this year, and it consequently behooves thej^mosralic voters to settle their differences within the party and with as little fricjioji.as possible, I hif o rtAmm^n onrl frAnt m <1T? ho I l*XC*U IA VUUiUUUU 11VUU JUJk*M J KJ \s presented to the enemy. The Republicans will start their campaign early this year. The party realizes that is has not got the voters to put their can iidate ia office and their only hope lies in making the rac?, as a matter of form, and then appealing to a probable Republican house for the seating of its ^audidate on the grounds of the alleged unconstitutional election laws of South Carolina. The Republican convention trill be held in April or May. Chair man Green of Beaufort will soon issue liis call for the election o? the delegates :o the convention, which will probably meet in Charleston. Col. T. Barber Jones stated today :hat he was a candidate and that his aame would be presented to the conrention. He seemed certain of securing the nomination, and said that he aad already assurances from tn9 national congressional committee that if ie was the nominee of the Republican sarty, in the event of the l-.ouse of epresentatives beiDg Republican, that le would be seated over the Democrat. A. prominent Republican was seen and ae said that the party intended to lominate a strong white man. who 1J * J i.L. i. -C Ti wouia commauu iuu support) ui jueiiiusratic voters as well as Republicans. 3e thought. Col. Jones, a very light weight and said that that gentleman rill hardly get the nomination, jreorge Washioton Marray, who Las nonopolized ' the "Republican ' party lomination for years, will probably be iropped this year and a strong white nan nominated for the place, as stated ibove. Blackburn is Chosen. The Democartic members of the Kentucky Legislature in caucus on Wedaesday night at Frankfort, Ky., lamed former Senator J. C. S. BlackDurn as the successor of Senator Wm. Lindsay in the United States Senate. Notwithstanding Blackburn's nomina:ion was a foregone conclusion and his jlection morally certain, the proceed ing3 of the caucus were enacted in the presence of a galaxy of Keatucky beau;y .and a dense throng of Blackburn idmirers The caucus convened at 8 )'ciock aad wascalied to order by Senator Goet.el, chairman of the joint cau ;as. Tucre was a wild demonstration in the galleries when G-oebel came into Lhe hall before calling the caucus to Drder, the cheering continuing several minutes. Senators Alexander and Hays, Democrats, and McConnell, Populist, stayed out of the caucus. * Blackburn yas placed -in nomination by Senator 3-oebel, who said that the longest and bitterest fight ever fought for senator in this State, which began four years igo (when Deboe defeated Blackburn) was about to reach its just termination. The State capitol rang with cheers as he placed Blackburn in nomination. Senator Thomas asked that the roll be called so that every Democratic member might have an opportunity to go on record for Blackburn. Senators Alexander and Hajs failed to respond to their names, otherwise the vote was unanimous. Goebel was applauded when lie voted for Blaokburu. The Whole Truth. While the convention of judges was prescribing rules and regulations for ;ourt attire, why did it not go further? [t might just as well have insisted on patent leather shoes, four-in-hand neckties and kid gloves. It could have restored the wearing of wigs by judges md sitting on the woolsacks. It might Insist on lawyers parting their hair in :he Diiddle,.though such a rule could ;ould not affect some members of the 3ar, particularly in Richland. There ire lots of other useless things it night have done. Justice, not habiliments, will make a court respected.? Columbia Record. A Sensation in Raleigh* la the United States District Court it Raleigh, N. C., Friday, Aquila J. Marshall, of-'Wilmington, jS\ U., was put on trial for .counterfeiting. Marshall is an attorney, well connected, ind up to this time has borne a good reputation. His arrest and trial have :aused a great sensation.- The principal' witnesses, against him are two Greeks, Nicholas Poiitz. and Theodore Darkley, one of them already serving sis year's sentence-in the?penitentiary ind the other under indictmont for jounterfeiting. - They*claim that Marshall acted as their adviser, ordered material and outfit for them in making the sDurious coin. So It Will Be. "The Columb'ia Sute thinks the estimates for the future of cotton manufacturing by Mr." D.. A.- Tompkins aie rer? moderate. - "Tenyears from now," says the State, "the south will control :otton manufacturing as it now controls cotton production." YOUNG CIGARETTE SMOKERS Would Do Well to Read and Heed the Following. T A _ 1_ * _ . _ ^ 1 m answer to ms ltquiry as to wny cigarette smoking applicants for bonds from trust companies are rejected, President Henry S. Hartzog, of Clemaon .College,'bas received ttue following, of deep interest to all young cigarette fiends, from one of the nation's leading trust companies: "To President Hartzog, Clemson College, S. C.: '"Dear Sir:?Your esteemed letter is TY?<*P1VP.H. nnr cr>nnio1 n/iri fidential circular concerning Mr. , and I note your inquiry as to the reasons that led us to inquire if "the applicant was a cigarette smoker. We always affix this question when the appli cant is under twenty-one years of age. I do not know that all the guarantee companies ask for this information, but this branch of our company has been lecf to do so, because the writer in ten years'experience finds that this company in the conduct of its business throughout the Southern States has not paid a claim under a defaulter, who i was less than twenty-one years old, who7? as not a cigarette smoker. "if all tbe defaulter: under twentyone years are cigarette smokers it is only reasonable that we should inquire as to the uabit of applicants in this rerespect. "If a young man 19 or 20 years old should apply to us for bond the mere smokicg of cigarettes alone would cot disqualify him of our indorsement, but if there was aDy other adverse information obtained the company's objection to cigarette smokiDg would be accentuated, and while neither of these objections alone would cause the company to decline the bond, both together would unquestionably do so. ' It is our habit at this branch to require a written promise from a minor who is addicted to the habit of cirgarette smoking to entirely abstain from their use as iong as he serves under our bond or until he has reached his ma! jority. ,;It is not uncommon in these days for a business man to decline to give employment to a young person who is addicted to the cigarette habit. "Yours truly, ' <4* * * ?> Cut this--out, boys, and paste it in your hat, where you can refer to it handily. If you want to succeed you mu^t let cigarettes alone. Objects to His Color. The New -York Herald says there is likely to be trouble m the Brooklyn school board over the election of a Negro man as a teacher in one of the schools. The Herald says: "An effort will be made to have the appointment'revoked. Threats on the part of the corps of white teachers in. the school to resign in a body if the appointment is not recalled complicate the situation. William L Buckley, Ph.' D., is the LLiali iv nuuiu u>cscuujcv;uuusaiciiiauc. A.t the meeting of the school board November 13, Samuel B Scottron, chairman of the local committee of No. 114 school, asked for his appointment as teacher, but said nothing about his color. Scottron is himself a Negro man, and the only representative of his race on the board. There are only a few Negro children in the school, and they have ' never been collected into a separate class. The local committee of this school consists of Scottron, Dr. J K Powell and Edward M Bassett. Dr. Powell, it appears, had been previ ously seen by Scottron with reference to the appointment, and made no objection. There is no doubt as to the qualifications of Buckley. His color is the only objection found to him. The other teachers declare that they will not teach alongside a Negro teacher. Scottron says Buckley is not a stranger in educational circles, as nine months ago he was an applicant for the position of teacher of languages in the Eastern n- rr:_k i rr? 1 ~ j JL/ISiriUt JJLlgil UVJUUUl* JLJ.C WAS 1U1LUC11V vice president ?f the Olaflin University in South Carolina, and a teacher, of languages,' continued Scottron. kHe came to Brooklyn more than a year ago i.nthe interest of the university, and was so favorably impressed that he decided to remain. In September he passed an examination under Maxwell, city superintendent of schools, for the position of assistant principal. ''There was a vacancy in No. 114 school a little later, and I thought Buckley would be a good man to fill it. I sent him to Messrs. Bassett and Powell, who consented to his appointment. Later Bassett withdrew his consent on the ground that he had thought it was a class of Negro children he was to teach, and not white children. Bassett excitedly informed me that he had heard from the 1 .1 _ ? LUtt<JUC13 Ul liiC OViiUUI) Vtuu ucuaiuu that if Buckley was placed in the school they would resign. Oa learning of this Scottron sail he calicd a meeting in the school, at which Powell gave his consent to the appointment, but Bassett refused to give his." Buckley is well known in Orangeburg, having beea a student and a teacher in Claflin Universty for many .years. Moody's Biography. The family of the late D. L. Moody announce that, in accordance with his pzpressed desire, his elderson, William Revell Moody, will write the biography of the evangelist. And it is requested that friends having correspondence or other matters of interest communicate with Mr. Moody at East -Northuela, Mass. Brothers Drowned. New Year's day near .Danwille, Esses county, Va., Joan aad CharlesWheelyj 17 and la yoa: old sons of a leading farmer, went skating on Hobinson mill pond. Oae of the youths" broke through aad his brother tried to rescue him. The result was the drewnlng- of both. . . *;. ^ Slew His jather. ... A specril dispatch from Loureris, S.' C.. to the Columbia State says: "Coot Robertson, a colored youth, vras lodged in jail Thursday for.shooting and killing his father. Henry Robertson, out "at Mr. J. J. Jaek's, the night 'before, j "Coot" claims self-defense, ashisfathe* J was attacking him with an open knife.1' GERMANY AROUSED. She Will Demand Exact and Full ReparationlFrom Englar.d FOR SEIZING HER SHIPS. She Regards the Seizures as High Handed Proceedings and Demands Redress for the Same. The Gorman Imperial, mail steamer General, lias been detained at Aden and occupied by British troops, wifcfc. the object of searching her cargo which is to be discharged. The General is owned by the German East African line, the owners of the Bundesrath; previously captured by the British. cruiser .Magicienne off Delagoa Bay. A dispatch from Berlin says the seizure of the above and other German steamers by the English ha** consider- ? ably aggrevated the situation there, and the indignation against England is intensified. - The governmeat is still earnestly endeavoring to preserve correct official relations, but Eoglani will do well to hasten to make the amende honorable to Germany. Oo absolutely reliable authority the correspondent ot tne Associated. rress learns that Emperor William' is no* thoroughly aroused by the repeated ; seizures of vessels not one of which, he has been assured, has been guilty of carrying contraband. He regards the seizures as hi$h handed proceedings, which E-jgland would not have dared i to undertake if the German navy were more powerful than it is.. His majesty > io f a V> rt /tnl .ultT 1 n/iAnCo/^ . is oaxu lu uc ua? nv/Uiaixjr iuv^uo&u- wv * cause information has reached him showiog that the seizures were not due tc the blundering of British naval officers, but to strict orders from headquarters, which the officers are merely carrying out. He has therefore instructed Count von Bdelow, the foreign sec- . retary, to demand exact and full reparation for the outrage done to the German flag. No answer that is considered satisfactory has yet been received, from London, and according-to advice here, ( : none is to be expected for several days longer. a j: a-T- t rr t 4.1.-4. uiapaiuu iruiii xxamuurg oayo tua* although the maaifests of the German steamers General show there was no war material on board, she wes compelled to discharge her cargo. The German East Africa company publishes a statement in the Hamburger N*chrichtem saying that immediately on the declaration of war the company voluntarily refused to forward to South Africa two consignments of arms already on board their vessels, simply^ to avoid trouble and delay in connection with the other portions of the cargoes. A copy of the manifest of the Bumdesrah has been published showing that hpr cariro c id not oontain contraband. ^ < The owners declare that there is absolutely no foundation for the statement that saddles and other war material have been found amid the cargo of the JBundersrath. The German steamer Kanzler, with the Dutch and Luosian Bed Cross detachments for the Transvaal on board, discharged a quantity of her cargo at Naples Thursday as'it was contraband _i! mL.. ir i._ 1 ? : a - a. oi war. j.tie xvaozier Deiongs w uie same company as the Bandersrath and General. *. - . ' INSURANCE FIGURES. Nearly . Tw.o Million Dollars the AmoiiSt of Gross Premiums. During the pa'k jear the insurance -< companies of all kinds doing business in ^ A:'i o.i 2 1 i : iuis Cx.alo.jja.vu uuue au cuujlujuus uusiness, to judge from the' summariz-xl - - :? statement made up by the comptroller general-Wednesday for his anuual report. Tl:c statement shows tbar the increass has been close to one miil on dollars'as compared with last yi-ar. The statement last year sboxs ihat the gross premiums collected in this Stiiic by accident, lite and fire insurance companies for the three Quarters ending Sept. 28, 1898, amounted $31-2,261.25, and the one-half of one pecceut. taz thereon was $3,561 24. ^ This year's statement covers a full year and shoffs that the gross premiums amounted to $1,948. 824 39?nearly two millions of dollars?and the one- * half of one per cent, thereon to be $9,743.63. . . The statement by quarters is as.fol lows; Premiums. Fourth quarter 1898 $ 500 144 05 ^ First quarter 1890 529 7IU 54 Second quarter isyy abando n . fhird quarter 1S99 453,935 69 . Totals '..$1,943 824 39 The taxes given above are paid direct to the State treasurer under the new act and are exclusive of all the regular State, county and school taxes collected in the several counties by the various cjuatv treasurers. $ The showing is a handsome one *nd indicates that the io&urance business in South Caroliaa has been most profitable to the agents. No statement is vet av:ii!ah)p shn jetnff f h#> Inssps nt the o companies for the corresponding period.?Columbia State. { : Oar Amy in the EastWith the transport Grant, which left San Francisco on the 21st ulL, with the -Forty.eighth volunteer infantry (colored) Gen. Otis wili havecommand - of an effective force of about 65.000 men.. The army-flow in the Philippines aggregates 62.500. of which 31,000 are regular troops and 31,500 are volunteers. With the arrival of the-Grant the entire volunteers serength of 34,000 men will be-in the Philippines. . . C Warm Young Negroes. .. - ^ JdEus-Robinson,'colored, was "hanged Wednesday vat Diowiddie court-bouSe, - Tai, .for murdering. William Jolly, jl .. y meichant and-prominent citizen, in November last. He: ^as taken-from Pet--' ersburg to t&e scene of the hanging ^odl^. ... > a train a*?d ?was the~eooleetman m the-. - crowdl He made a.gpeech. oa the.gal:.. loves,.1 warning young colored" "men ^ against drinking whiskey and carrying - i ?" piston~' :|?8