Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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mm *w riVtiPi ?. ? ? Bryan on trusts, The Plainest and Strongest Presentation of Facts Ever Made. coOME REMEDIES SUGGESTEC Trusts Can 8e Annihilated i the People so Decree. Nebraskan Given Ovation by Chicagoans. The conference on trusts which mc in Chicago closed its sessions on Satur - 11 . ? day, September lt>, in a oiaze ui uxa tory, in which Col. W. J. Bryan am W. Bourke Cochran were the centra figures. Mr. Bryan was introduced-b: Gov. Stantley of Kansas, who acted a chairman of the opening session. Wile applause greeted the Xebraskan. W Bourke Cockran listened intently am joined frequently in the applause. Mr Bryan spoke-in part as follows: "Within two years mere trusts hav< 1 fVion in t Via T>TV>Y?iVn: UWll UJ.ga.LLli buau AU history of the country, and the peopl< now come face to face with this qucs tion: Is the tnist a blessing or , curse? If a curse what remedy can b< applied to the curse? "Monopoly in private hands is inde fensible from any standpoint and in .tolerable. I do not divide monopolies There can be no good monopoly in pri vate hands until the Almightv send us angels to preside over us. "There may be a despot who is bet ter than another despot, but there i no good despotism. The defence of th ?<-. ?%1vttayto -r?l o nn muuv^AJijr 10 cun<yi?wu v- ? ground that if you will allow people t< control the market and fix the pric< they will be good to the people wh< purchase of them. The entire defensi of the trusts rests upon a money argu ment. if the trusts will sell an artici* for a dollar less than the article will cos under other conditions, then in th opinion of some that proves a trust t be a good thing. In the first place deny that under a monopoly the prie will be reduced. In the second place if under a monopoly the price is re duced, the objections to a monopol; from other standpoints far outweigl the financial advantage that the trus would bring. But I protest against set tling every question on the dollar argu ment. ? * nT til "in the early years or JLincom s aa ministration lie sent a message t< congress warning his countrymei against the approach of monarchy. H< said he saw in the attempt to pu oapital even upon an equal footing with labor in the structure of govern ment, the approach of monarchy. Lin coin was right. Whenever you pu capital upon an equal footing witl labor, or above labor in the structur* of government, you are on the road t< ~ ?*AP^O r>Af AT am a guverumcui t-.ua>, uu>. reason but on force. "Nothing is more important thai that we shall, in the beginning rightlj understand the relation between mone] and map. "Man is the creature of God anc money is the servant of man and ] protest against all theories that en throne money and debase mankind. "If you will go about over the coun try you will see where people have subscribed money to establish enter prises, and wheie those enterprises. hnvirnr rwrriA rniderthfi control of th( trusts, have been closed up and stanc now as silent monuments to the Sodoir of the trust system. In any case ol local strikes and fires the ~ork goes on elsewhere, thus preventing serious loss. ""When a branch of industry is found in the hands of one of the great monopolies so that every skilled man must go to the one man for employment, the one man fixes the wages as he pleases and laboring men will then share the suffering of the men who sells the raw material. "I want to warn you that when the monopoly has absolute control, brains will be at a discount. We have not yet had a taste of a complete trust. But Whan flio tmct lira -rif} lfoolf nf nil competitors what is going to be the result? My friends, all you have to know is human nature. God made man selfish. "On the farm we used to protect property from the hugs by pu'tii g rings in their noses. Why? Sf> that while they were getting fat, they w .u>d not destroy more than they were w^rth. "One of the grtat purposes of government is to put rings in the noses of nogs, it l were goiDg to try to nna the root of the monopoly evil I would go back te the Bible for an explanation, and I would find it in the declation that the love of money is the root of all evil. ''Falling prices, caused by a rising dollar, and the high tariff, have contributed the desire to secure the fruits of monopoly. "Some have suggested that to put everything on the free list that trusts make, would destroy trusts. But I clo not believe that you could destroy all trusts Dy puttmg ail trust-maae articles on the free list, because if an article can be produced in this country as cheaply as it can be produced abroad, then the trust conld exist without the benefit of any tariff at all, though it could not extort so much. We cannot destroy monopoly until we lay the axe at the root of the tree, aod make monopoly impossible by law. "Discrimination by railroads has aid cu ciuoLo. jLio.au vau iuj laws which will place producers on equal footing. But the remedy must be complete enough to prevent the organization of a monopoly. We differ more in remedy than we . do in our opinion of the trust. Few people will defend the trust as a principle. As to the remedy both State and nation should have concurrent remedies. In the first place every State has or should have the right to create any private corporation which is conducive to the welfare of the people of that State. I believe that we can safely entrust to the people of a St*te the settlement of a . i ,1 T C , 1 question wmcn concerns tnem. ir tney create a corporation and it becomes destructive of their best interests they can destroy that corporation and we can safely trust them both to create and Jo annihilate if conditions make annihilation necessary. in tne second place tne state nas or should have the right to prohibit any foreign corporation from doing business in the State and it ought to have or has the right to impose such restrictions and limitations as the people of the State may think necessary upon any foreign corporation doing business in the State. I believe in an addition of State remedy but there must be a federal remedy. "Congress has or should have the power to place such restrictions and imitations, even to the point of proiibiton, upon any corporation organhed in one State, that wants to do busi ! Bess out sidii of the 8ts.tS contrary to 1 public good. I ';I believe that these concurrent rcin| edies will reach the dilficulty, that the ! oeoDle of every State shall first decide i whether they want to create a corpora- | | tier.-; that they shall, secondly, decide i whether they want outside corporation ! to do business in the State and if so, i upon what conditions, and thirdly that ' I congress shall exercise the right to place upon every corporation doing business I outside of the State in which it is orf I ganized, such limitations and restricj tions as may be accessary for the proI tection of the public good " Col. liryan at this point read tiie famous circular letter advertising the corporation la*.vs of Delaware. He commented sarcastically on advantages set forth in the letter. ? xv. ?j: . .A person 111 me auuieuts inijuucu. * "Delaware and New Jersey are both - Democratic States are they not?" To 1 which Mr. Brayan replied: "They were 1 in 189G.'' 7 He continued: "I have read this 5 letter to show you that where a State 1 can gain an advantage from the in. corporation of these great aggregations 1 of wealth, it is not safe to place the . people of other States at the tender mercies of the people of such a State 3 as may desire to secure its running ex ~ t <<r si + 1/-V T* /\? S JKSL1SC3 iiULLi LUC caAauL'a ui v/u:^viauvuj e organized to prey upon the people out side. i '"lam ready to adopt any method g | for the annihilation of trusts. Oae that I suggest is this; That congress - should pass a law providing that no - corporation organized in any State . should do business outside of the State I ;?_j ILL WIllUU 10 IS urgaui?cu UUU1 XL icvcus es from some power ereated-by congress a license authorizing it to do business - outside of its own State. Xow. if the s corperation man co'ne to this body e created by congress to secure permission e to do business outsid.5 the State, then d that license can be granted upon condie tions which will, in the first place, pre3 vent the watering of stocks; and second, e provide for publicity as to all of the transacts :s and business of the corpoe ration. t s 'J.f this is unconstitutional and so e declared by the supreme court, I am in 0 favor of an amendment to the constitu1 tion that will give to congress power to e destroy every trust in the country. In , my judgment, when you take from mon opoly the power to issue watered stock ? you will go more than half way toward a destroying monopoly in the United t States. ;'You can provide for publicity and - that annually or at such other times the corporation shall make returns of - its business or its earnings, and will go il 1 X-_ i J J.T.. j anotner locg step io>varu uie uesirui;i tion of the principle of monopoly. i {iBut I am not willing to stop there, t and, therefore, as a third condition. I ; suggest that no license shall be granted - until the corporation shows that it had - not had a monopoly and is not attemptt ing a monopoly of any branch of indus1 try or any article of merchandise, and 2 then provide that if the law is violated ) the license can be revoked. I do not i believe in the government giving privileges to be exercised by a corporation l without reserving the right to withdraw r them when those privileges become 7 hurtful to the people. '\>ly contention hs.s been that we 1 have been placing the dollar above the [ man, that we have been picking out - favorites in government; that we have been bestowing upon them special pri vileges, and every advantage we have ; given them have been given them to - the detriment of other people. My , contention is that there is a vicious i principal running through the various I policies which we have been pursuing; i that in our taxation 7.ce have been im: posing upon the great struggling masses i the burden 'of government, while we j have been voting the privileges to the pcupie uu jliuu pay men Diiaic ux [ expenses to the government. "Every unjust tax law is an indirect i form of larceny," the speaker asserted. .An income tax, he believed would rems edy another great evr.l. i "I have no fear that any man by his i own brain or Lis own muscle will be able to sec xre a fortune so great as to i be a menace to the welfare of his fellow man. i "When God made man he placed a . limit to his existence, so that if he was a har] man Iia r.nnlr} ncif1, harm Innf. ~ ~ ~ ? ~ v ~ v ? ?? c; but when we made our man-made man (the corporation) we raised the limit of his age. >'"We did aOt give him a soul, and if he can avoid punishment in this world he need not worry about the hereafter. I want to protest against this doctrine that the trust is a natural outgrowth of natural laws. It is not true. The trust is the natural outgrowth of unnatural conditions created by man-made laws. "Government under the four great principles of the declaration of independence is impossible under an industrial aristocracy. "Some people have tried to separate the laboring man who works in the factory from the laboring man who works on the farm. I want to warn the laboring men in the factories that they cannot separate themselves from those who toil on the farm without inviting their own destruction. I warn the laborieg men in the factories that when they join with the monopolies to crush the farmer, as soon as the farmer is crushed the laboring man will be crushed, and his ally will be destroyed, and in a test of endurance the farmer will stand it . longer than the laboring man. The . farmer was the first man on the scene when civilization began, and he will be the last one to disappear. You may drive the farmer down, so he cannot buy coal, but he can burn corn, But you drive the coal miner down so he cannot buy corn and he cannot eat coal. "But, my friends, why should we try 1 to see who could hold out the longest in suffering? "Why try to see who can eniure the most hardships and yet live? ' Why not try to sec who can contribute . most to the greatness and to the glory and to the prosperity of this nation? . Why, those who can contribute most should make this government what the fathers intended for it. For 100 years this nation has been the light of the i world. For Y. 0 years the best of all , nations have looked to this nation for fnr Tinrip incf"rn/?fir>n T,of 11: cot. tie these great questions that we have before us. let us teach the world the : blessing of a government that comes . from the people and let us show them how happy and how prosperous people can be. I believe ii the doctrine that ; God made all men of the same dust and did not make some to crawl on hands and knees and others to ride upon their backs. Let up show what ;can be done when we put into actual practice those great doctrines of human equality and of equal rights and make this govern: ment what the fathers intended, so that we shall lead the world step by step on to higner ground."' z,? xauu5 a sect VI YYiUiy ?ClYlLI? <l'~U13 and a storm of cheers the orator resumed his seat. Three quarters oLthe audience had been attracted by the announcement of his appearance, apparently, for that proportion left frtoa he* had finished. , The aftfitnooa session opened with adresses by Attorney Gerieral T. S. Snrith of Texas and James B. Dill, who had a hand in the framine of the New Jersey trust law. A general discussion followed, which resulted in both Bryan and Bourke Cockran takiDg the platform. \Y. D. Foulke of Indiana made a short t i^ech, in which he declared that he failed to see that the remedies proposed by Col. Bryan in the litter's speech, during the morning session, could result in the attainment of the objcct sought lor. Col. Bryan who was sitting in the back part of the hall, arose, and, amid cheering, started to reply. Before he had uttered a dozen words, however, cries of ;'take the platform" came from all parts of the hall, and with a smile he did so. '"I would not occupy the time again but for the fact that the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Foulke)has referred to a plan which I suggested, and I am afraid that he does not!:fully- under\T xy rvlftT* TTTAO f V? l o oiauu. vxj piau >iao tuio. "First, That the State should have the right to create whatever private corporations the people of the State think best. '"Second, That the State has, or should have, the right to impose such restrictions [as congress may think necessary upon any corporation which does business outside of the State in which it is organized. la other words, I would preserve to the people of the State all the riehts thev new have and at the same time have congress exercise a concurrent remedy to supplement the State remedy. I would not take away from the people of the State aDy right now existing, but I would have the federal government and the State government exercise the powers that may be necessary to annihilate the monopoly. I do not agree with the gentleman that you cannot annihilate a monopoly. (Applause ) I believe it is possible to do so. "I have no doubt that any remedy that is proposed will be assaulted. If those who believe that the trust must remain and those who believe that the trust means good will accept the best remedy they can find, try it and then accept a better one, if a better one is proposed, and keep on trying until the people are protected. (Applause). "Now I am not sure the remedy I propose is unconstitutional. I am not sure that the constitution would prohibit such an act of congress as I su gest. Suppose congress should s- ? that whenever a corporation wanted u do business outside of the State it must apply to and receive from so:..o body created by congress for the purpose a license to do business. Suppo.se the law should provide free commitC5i/\v%a Tir\nr\ fa Ka QXVSJUO UJk/VU T? AAiVU mv **WVUUV UMV W??>* issued: "First, that the evidence shall show that there is no water in the stock. "Second, that the evidence shotld show that this corporation has not in the past and is not attempting now to monopolize any branch of industry or a branch of any article of merchandise, and "Third, providing for that'publicity which everybody has spoken of and about which everybody agrees. Suppose that is done. "Who is here to say that such a law would be unconstitutional? "But suppose the law is passed and is hold unconstitutional, then we can TV. A (Tanflo. aaiuuu iuc a. uu guuvivman suggests that it is a difficult thing to get two-tkirds of both houses to favor amendment and three-fourths of the State. It is true, it is a difficult thing, but if the people want to destroy the trusts you can get twothirds of both houses and three-fourths of the States. But what is the alternative? Sit down and do nothing? Allow them to trample upon you aad ride rough shod over you and then thank God that you still have some life left? Is that the only remedy? "The American people are entitled fn tliA hpsfc is. (Ar)r^lause.,) "v *?" " ?? \ X"X / They are entitled to the best system on ever? subject. I btlieve when these questions are presented to the American people they will select and secure the best system. I don't believe it necessary for us to sit down quietly and permit a great aggregation of wealth to strangle every competitor. I don't believe that is in accordance with our dignity as a people, or in accordance with the rights of the people to say because a great corporation is organized that therefore it should be permicted to go into the field of a new corporation, undersell it until it bankrupts it, raising the money by higher prices somewhere else. I don't think it is necessary for us to do that. I have only suggested a plan. It may not be the best plan. If you have anything better, propose it. If there is any amendment that you can think of that will improve it, suggest it. I am anxious to accept anything. "Let me suggest one other thing that I believe will be a step in the right direction. The great trouble has been that while our platforms den^uuee corporations, corporations control the elections and place under obligation to them the men who are elected to enforce the law. (Applause.) Let me Drooose a remedv?not a remedy, but a step, I think in the right direction. Let the laws, State and national, make it a penal offense for any corporation to contribute to the campaign fund of any political party. (Continued cheers and applause.) Nebraska has such a law, passed two years ago. Tennessee has such a law, passed two years ago. Such a law was passed, or was introduced, in the State of New York, but so far it has not reached the stage of actual law in the State of New York. (Laughter.) Now, I belieye it is a step in the right direction. You remember the testimony taken before a senate committee a few years ago when the head of the sugar trust testified that the sugar trust made it its business to contribute t? campaign funds, and when asked to which one it contributed, replied that it depended upon circumstances. To which fnnd dn vmi contribute inMassa chusetts?" was asked. To the Republican fund.' 'To which fund in New York?" 'To the Democratic fund.' 'To which fund in New Jersey?" and the man says, 'Well, I have to look to the books; that is a doubtful State.' (Continued laughter and applause.) Now, that is almost a literal reproduction of the testimony of one great corfoiation on the subject of campaign contributions. I don't mean to say that that remedy will be a complete one; but I believe that wheu you prevent a corporation from contributing to campaign funds that you take a step in the right direction toward better legislation, because some corporations are compelled to contribute; they are blackmailed into contributions, and such a iaw would protect a corporation that did not want to contribute, and also prevent a corporation from contributing that did want to contribute. "If the people are in earnest they can do it, and you never could do anything +ViA TkAAnlfl G ffl 1 T> 1U LLL13 WUUll> Ullbll VJLLt; mv au earnest. When the American people understand what the monopoly question means I believe that there will be no j pofrcr, political, fidancial'or otherwise} | to prevent the people from, taking pos; session of every branch of government ^ j from president to the supreme court, j and making a government lesponsible j i to the people's will." (Cheers), At the conclusion of Col. Bryan's !1 I address, Bourke Cocirran arose and j started to speak from his seat, but, in I response to cheering and calls to take j the platform, he did so. Mr. Cockran i agreed with much that Mr. Bryan had said. "'If there be a monopoly that ^ I oppresses," he continued, ,;I blieve a there is no constitutional limitation, ^ there is no provision of government, ^ there is no power on earth against the S( people redressing the wrong when it be- G comes a wrong." ti The question was whether such a r< wrong exists and, if se, where. He contended that much of the opposition ^ to the trusts was idle and meaningless ti Eoise. Times were good and there was y little to complain about. Competition was to be urced, some one must succeed, ti J _ _ 1! 111 aliu do limitations could De put upon s it. As well attempt to limit the com- 0 petition in intellect as in the industries, ? and Mr. Bryan himself was a good il- a; lustration of the fact that competition g could not suppress intellect. Hence ue a; urged that much of the evil of monopo- 5j 1: , 1? _ __ ft* .1 L IT O > O jies was iaucuui. li we realize tor tl the moment that this is an age of im- 31 provement; that the conditions of men *r are growing better and better we ought :< to hesitate a while before we chaDge * and take the side may be for one of j, fanciful experiments." r< Mr. Cockran spoke earnestly in sup- b port of trade UDions, predicting that fi the time would come when employers $1 would urge such unions in order to afford facilities for discussion of perplex- J1 ing problems in labor. He contended that no monopoly a. /?nu lr) ^lxir.ro rvri/?no or*/^ lirrrk I Z. wuutu UUU IXTg ^ without government favor, as competi- y, tion was certain to spring us. There sv was no way to make permanent mon- :< opoly except by excellence of service, a He urged fall publicity regarding the 1 operations of all" corporation. With fr a law to that end passed he believed strikes would soon become impossible, g; He also believed that citizens injured ^ hv fhft rtnllansA nf anv nnrnnrntinn tr should have compensation for dam- fi ages sustained. He closed with a pro- F test against Mr. Bryan's declaration ^ that the creation of wealth was sordid> ? saying that upon the wealth of the ^ country the production of everything a : Hlectual and moral depends. ! Great cheering greeted the conclusion q. I a \r_ /1--1 i. n i j* oi iur. v>uus.ra.u b bpeecn. uenerai ais j. cussion was then resumed. Ex-Sena- P1 tor Blair of New Hampshire and Wm. j* Wirt Howe of New Orleans read short ^ papers. Soon afterward, on motion of Congressman John W. G-aines of Ten- ^ nessee, the conference passed a vote of 7( thanks to the Civic Federatio 1 for the :< courtesy shown the visiting delegates. It A motion to adjourn sine die was then la passed. THE PRICE OF COTTON. -< bi What the Southern Cotton Mills Think of It. b' ?] A dispatch from Philadelphia says ^ about twenty-fivs representatives of the p: Southern Cotton Spinners association sc from North and South Carolina are now M in that city. The delegation is headed w by President J. H. McAden and Secre- ]] tary G. B. Hiss, Charlotte, N. C. The G visitors came to see the National Ex- y, port exposition. They will while in o; Philadelphia, it is said, discuss ques- r< tions which may result in temporarily shutting down a large number of mills in the south. This on account of the anticipated increase in the cost of cotton. ^ The present price of material such as ^ the mills in the association use is 6 1-4 cents per pound. It is expected that p in 60 days the price will be raised to tl 7 1-2 cents. The question whether or tc not it would be advisable to take order? 5< at the present prices or refuse them is ^ accordinsrlv the nrinciDal subject of dis- _ cussion with the commission men here 5 and among the members of the association themselves. ji Secretary Hiss said Friday night that tc the present prices are eiu'mlv too lo tl and unless an advance is made it will ^ be impossible to fillorders at the anticipated rise in the price of the raw ma- ^ rerial. As a matter of fact, he thought 5{ it would be better to shut down than to [r inrt millc of o IrtSCJ r?. Should there be a general shut down c< it might affect 150 miils in the south. a. Le Thirst for Red Juice. Ediior Augusta Chronicle: w You will kindly publish the following J*' challenge in your widely read and ^ valuable journal, and oblige yours truly, 0( .Tnhn Rnpfiv.' "O ' wV To Major Count Esterhazy, London, t England. w Sir: Not knowing whether yon are responsible for the conviction of Drey- 5t fus or not, and not particularly caring, j*; I. Col. John Bogey, a native of this ^ great and free and glorious republic, [j wishing for a little free advertising and ti desirous of making as big a fool of my- la self as possible, do hereby challenge you to a watermelon eating contest, to come off in my watermelon patch in t the wide, wide world, the question at _ issue to be tie -ided by the fellow who ^ can benevolently assimilate the most tj. melons. I further take occasion to state that I shall not attend the Paris b] exposition. Kespectruliy, se Johu Bogey. P. S. I wasn't going to the exposition anyway, but now lam nof> going . more than ever. J. B. Bookkeeper Outz SuspendedAt the State dispensary another up- zz heaval seems to be impending.. For al some days Messrs. Haselden and Rob- gi inson of the State board, a committee w appointed for the- purpose at the con- Je elusion oi tne recent investigation, * have been hard at work investigating the state of affairs in connection with sc the contraband room. What these gen- it, tlemen have found is not yet known, but their work is not yet done. It is known that they have obtained some material for a report that will be very sc interesting. Friday Chairman Miles of st the board arrived in the city. While ei it is not known exactly upon what hn acted it is understood that he heard in some things as to the work of the com- of rnittee, and la=?t evening he issued an pi order susp-rndiug umil the Dext meet- cc l? . t_ A xl_ . T 1 4.C mcr -i me ooai 1 .ur. uaiz, me dook- u keeper of the commissioner. Inquiries n< made of the committeemen elicit the if information that Chairman Miles acted m in this matter without any recommen- ca dation or suggestion from them. The w committeemen say that they propose to cc make a thorough investigation of the &i matters entrusted to their hands, and m wiil make a full report of everything w when the board meets the first week in se October.?The State. hi , CC Built His Coffin. In Maryland there is a man who has C; built a coffin for himself, and he lies ce down in it for a short time each day and er smokes. He says he is ''getting used" m to the coffin. Maybe he smokes in it co because he expects to smoke hereafter m; also, and is getting used to that at the le: same time. ha / 3 ifTWimw-ini t ?rrnnn nnanr-i- -rrirrr ??im mi ? i - * n CHE MINfjAMIKGS INCLE SAM MAKES A TiDY PROFIT BY ^ COINING MONEY. 'he Cross Earnings of the Mints and Assay Offices of tlie Country Last Year Were S4,49o,000 of "\Vhicli ? $173,614 "Was for Refining Bullion. J[ It is supposed generally that the s "nited States Mint and the Government t ssay offices and refineries are mainlined for the public convenience and 1 iat the Mint, like other branches or v epartments of the extensive Treasury srvice, is run pro bono publico, the ? overnment making up by appropria- ^ ons the shortage of each year. The k jcent public report of the Director of 11 le Mint shows that Uncle Sam has a c irifty interest in the operations of the tint and its branches and makes a 0 dy profit from their operation each a ear. Last year the gross earnings of t le mints and assay offices of the coun y?there arc mints in Philadelphia, an Francisco, Carson City and New c rleans, assay offices at Denver, Boise, s [elena, Charlotte, St. Louis, Deadwood li ad New York?were $4,495,000, of u hich $173,614 was for parting and rening buillion, $10,046 for copper alloy, t ad $15,021 for melting, assaying and camping charges. The seigniorage on . /Irtinoo-fl rtf eilvot* M"1C ?'i HT?. Q^S fin ^ AO W XiJ-U-Q VI OiilVi ?t yuj v i vjw wj V -lbsidiary silver coinage $2S6,311, on linor coinage 51,031.000 and on the re- a linage of minor coins ?18,383. The t alue of the deposit in melting room ? rains and "sweeps" removed was $8,- I 26; the value of the surplus bullion 0 Jturned was ?53,024, and the gain on ullion shipped by the minor assay of- r ces to the Mint for coinage there was f 3,675. 1 The expenditures of the Mint service, c lcluding wastage, loss on sale of v ;veeps, and expense of distributing s linor coins, was $1,263,133. The net rr : ?> ~ ?<?0 A OO CCA 1 U'lllJlgS J.UX ILLO >Ccli VVCIC q ome of the items of expense (the chief C which is, of course, salaries and ages) illustrate the curiously compli- ^ ited work of minting, "which requires p ot only knowledge of chemistry and i: Letallurgy, but considerable exactness t i the use of materials and in the a&ap- c ition of dies and designs. For acids sed in the mints and assay of&ces ? 27,400 was expended by the Governlent last year; for chemicals, $4,700; :r wood, $6,675; for copper, $9,600; for e rebrick, $1,300, and for zinc, $2,766. D or gloves and gauntlets required by le mint workers $8,100 was needed; p )r gas, ail aid to metallurgy, ?i4,vuu; a >r charcoal, $3,740; for oil, $1,100; for p ardware, $1,400, and for crucibles and lechanical appliances, $5,400. , Varied as these items are, they do \ ot exhaust the number of things re- 3 aired in the Mint, for $2,000 was exended in lumber, $1,400 in ice, $500 for g Ut used in the refineries, and a small large for flags needed as designs. part from gas, the fuel needed for tint and assay offices was of three ind?charcoal at an expense of ?3,- ? >0, coke at an expense of $7,500, and jal at aa expense of $17,000. One em, -which to the uninitiated seems ixge, is the item of sewing, $3,425. This ;wing is required for the hags conlining the metal or coins, in addition I > $563 for barrels and $350 for bullion li axes. s Uncle Sam in his liberality made no n ppropriation for soap, it -would appear, ut the expense of laundering the tow s (presumably "it -was given out") as $3,000, and $2,200 additional was lid for water. Tlie item of wastage, )-called, arising from work at the d tint, and which is not a large one a hen compared with the enormous op- ? rations of the Mint, was $16,000, and a )me other minor items brought up the g overnment's whole expense in the ear to $1,250,000, or about 25 per cent, r I the total receipts, the profit being 11 ^presented by the other 75 per cent. g Vi "CM ncf Qncnfincinn T?r?l rl <rp . a The first suspension bridgo that can. a dignified by that name "was thrown ^ ;ross the Im-jin River in Korea in ^ 592. Here again dire necessity dictat1 the terms. The Japanese in 'yeng-yang, learning of the defeat of ? le army of reinforcement, determined 1 > withdraw. China had hegun to be- n :ir herself in favor of Korea, and the m lpanese, driven from P'yeng-yang by c le combined Chinese and Korean ar- *; lies, hastened southward toward eoul. - When the pursuers arrived at the Im- ' n River, the Chinese General refused > cross and continue the pursuit unless s< le Koreans would build a bridge suffi- * ently large and strong to insure the c; assage of his 120,000 men in safety, fc he Koreans were famishing for reange upon the Japanese, and would be ;opped by no obstacle that human igenuity could surmount Sending irties of men in all directions, they Elected enormous quantities of chik, jj tough, fibrous vine that often attains p ngth of 100 yards. From this eight huge hawsers were d oven. Attaching them to trees or n: eavy timbers let into ithe ground, the b ridge builders carried the other ends ti :ross the stream by boats and anchor- <} 1 them there in the same way. Of ^ >urse the hawsers dragged in the wa ?r in mid-stream, but the Koreans ^ ere equal to the occasion. Stout 1 iken bars were inserted between the s< ;rands in mid-stream, and then the P iwsers were twisted until the torsion f< rought them a good ten feet above the s< lrface. Brush-wood was then piled on ^ le eight parallel hawsers, and upon ^ le brushwood clay and gravel were .id. When the roadbed had been packed ai Dwn firmly and tbe bridge had been n a /"TVs T\f\ rfl. f I O It LI, IJiU WU1U ??\S iUiiQVA ?\.ise to advance; and so upon this first n ispension bridge, 150 yards long, that ray of 120,000 Chinamen, with all teir Korean allies, camp, equipage and apediments, crossed in safety. This ridge, like the tortoise boat, having 2>. >rved its purpose, was left to fall of g< s own weight?Harper's Magazine. y, e: In capturing gulls the sea lion dis- ij ays no little skill and cunning. When l pursuit of a gull it dives deeply un- ?J ;r water and swims some distance " om where it disappeared, then, rising s< mtious'.y, it exposes the tip of its nose I ong the surface, at the same time di .ving it a rotary motion. The un- rj ary bird on the wing, seeing the oh- e, ct near by, alights to catch it, while p ie sea lion at the sam-e moment setes beneath the waves, and at one P Dund irtth extended jaws seizes its C] ireaming prey and instantly devours .?Scientific American. Turn on the Light' Information comes from several lurces that President McKinley opped the Grand Army, in national _ icampment in Philadelphia, from u lopting some tart resolutions criticis- J ig the administration of the pension See by Commissioner Evans. The esident is quoted as having said to the >mmittee intrusted with an investiga4-U^a fTlof. 0 WOTllfl U LI Ui lUiO CUiV/U V WUu w Uv ?. V v. )t remove the commissioner, and that requested by the Grand Army to ake such dismissal he would feel died upon to explain to the country hy lie insisted upon retaining the >mmissioner. If the president has ly knowledge that any previous comissioners maladministered their office, orking injury to applicants, to the ? ? X -* MAAMIA 1 O f/Yn if TO trvice ur IU lUU jycvpic nil iv '.a m-nifest duty to bring them to aciunt. ?Detroit Free Pres.s. A full regiment will go Irom South ^ irolina to Xew York for the Dewey mc lebration. Assistant Adjutant Gen- gQ al Frost will be in command of regient. Companies from the lower unrty of regiment will be under comand of Major Henry Schacte of Charston, and Colonel J. C. Boyd will .ve troops up the country. ^1'j?i" mrmir rj iwm nw wT** >n j "TEE W2ATHEE AK]D~CE0P3r Weekly Review of United States Weather Bureau for this State. fT*! /> 11 .1 11 1 " ine ionowiDg i-. tne weekly Duiieun if the condition of the weather aod rops.of the State issued Wednesday by )ircctor Bauer of the South Carolina ection of the United States weather ;ureau*3 climate and crop service: The week ending Monday, September S, 1899, averaged slightlv cooler than isual, although the temperature delartures were small. A maximum emperature of 92 degrees occurred at it. Matthews and Yemassee, and a uinimum of 55 at Greenville and Spener. There were light to heavy showers n the 10th and 11th over the western nd northern portions of the State, afer which the week was dry and cool, Hording ideal weather tor gathering rops, and for preparing lands and owing rye, oats and wheat. The in.ications are that a larger acreage than isual ofc wheat fill be planted this fall. The heavy rains were of great benefit o growing crops, and only slightly damsine to open cotton and to bottom land orn. Cotton continues to open rapidly, nd faster than it can be picked, alhoufih the weather was extremely faorable. Fully half of the crop has leen picked, and in many places un-pCDed bolls are scarce. The yields re light except in sections, notably lampton county, where there is the argest yield in years. Late cotton ontinues to grow, bloom and fruit; ievertheless there will be a top crop in pots only. A slight improvement is eported in sea island cotton, which is pening rather slowly. Late corn continues to gro* nicely, and mless there comes an early frost, will ie a fairly good crop. Folder pulling 5 about finished over tne western conn les, and it has been saved in excellent ondition. Early rics harvest is about finished, rith a good yield of fine quality. Late ice is ripening and being cut and stackd. There is some improvement to be ioted in upland rice. Peas, turnips, sugar cane and sweet iotatoes have made great improvement, ndwithfev exceptions are now very romisiDg. Fall truck is about all planted, but here is need of rain to germinate the eeds and to support the young plants. Haying i3 under way, with generally ood yields of both grass and pea vines. TEAINS UST COLLISION", accident in Which Four Men Are Killed, Two Being Cremated. A passenger train, northbound on St. jouis and San Francisco railroad, colided with a freight train 15 miles outheast of Kansas City Wednesday corning. Four people were killed and our others injured. All the dead and ojured were trainmen. Fireman Rider was buried beneath he baggage-mail car and burned to eath, the car and its contents of mail nd baggage being entirely consumed, mother man, probably a tramp, was lso cremated. The trains met at a harp curve. The frieght was running t a high rate of speed, bound on reachQgSwope Park to wait for the passener. Freight Conductor Brownell's ratch was 13 minutes slow as it develped later. The engineer of the pasenger train saw the other train only wo or three seconds before the crash, reither crew had time to jump. The rear cars of the passenger train slescoped the postal and baggage car. 'ire at once broke out and the combiation car was destroyed. Both engines fere completely wrecked and several ars of cattle and hogs demolished and tie live s.tock killed. The cars on the assenger train back of the combinaion car did not leave the track and tie passengers suffered nothing more srious than a severe shaking up. It ras only after die fire in the forward ar had been quenched that it was nown that two men had been burned ) death. 85,000 a Day. President Diaz, of Mexico, will make is trip to Chicago in palatial style. lesides having been granted twenty ays leave of absence in order that he lay attend Chicago's festival, he has een awarded $100,000 out of the na onal treasury to meet expenses indent to the journey. Friendship to le United States is strikingly shown i this actioD. following so closely upon ae unanimous voting of leave of abjnce. Wednesday the representatives assed the bill appropriating $100,000 >r the trip. It was hurried over to the jnate and approved as quickly. There as not a word of dissent in either ranch of DatioDal assemblv. When it i figured that President Diaz is thus athorized to make expenditures at the ite of $5,000 a day some slight idea of le splendor in which he is to travel lay be gained. Tired of Hanna. It will be somewhat of a surprise to [r. Hanna to learn that the people gnerally are very tired of his methods, ery tired of the creatures around him. stremely tired of the senator himself, here is an overwhelming disposition to iiminate Hannaism with all that the irms implies. The Republicans themilves are weary of the lass-virate t ?~ * */\ i*flf Kor?L- in f^ crcfom nf II ey ?<iUL IV V VftVA vu mv V. ecent leadership. They want to get d of "commercialism"?that monster ril that builds up fortune for men like [anna and Cox at the expense of the ublic and at the sacrifice of party priniple.?Cincinnati Enquirer. ? I SHk RB3SB UUNtY, I BLADDER, URINAR ' AND LIVER [S EASES, DYSPEPSIA. INDIGESTION AND CONSTIPATION* POSITIVELY CURED BV THE USE OF DR. HILTON'S T TTIT1 IdJrij FOR THE LIVER iiJDHEYS. A vegetable preparation, wherever known 2 mret popular of all remedies, because the ist effectual. Id wholesale by? The Murray Drug Co. Columbia. Dr. H. Baer, Charleston, S. C. ! it. rr^n? j*m*Ty\.\m Something About a &eW Insurance Contract "W ritteu bv the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, Richard A. Mc Curdy, President, which is Attracting Much Attention Among J Business Men. T be gtnera: pullic &ttenlion"which has I e n eoc eentrated uuon the neir doIict of! e Mutual Life Insurance Company of New o rk has d?monstrated the fact that as a b eral atd attractive contract its equal has ever been offered to the public: it is po?sile that tome of its advantages may have een overlooked by you, and it is to tbis end hat we des reto call your attention to tfce ollowing comparisons with the guarantee* of other companies, which .will prove conclusively that this policy is not equalled by that of any other company. For comparison we will use a 510,000 Limi'ed 20-Payment Life Policy. 20-Year Distribution, at age 35, which is the kind of policy usually illustrated by different com panicfc: ** ** MUTUAL LIFE. Premiums $368.70 Guaranteed Cash Value at end of 20 years, f 6,310 00 NHV YORK LIFE. Premium $383.40. Guaranteed Ca&h Value at end of 20 years 6,090 00 Mutual Life returns over New York Life $220 00; Mutual Life sating in premium $14.70 for 20 years compounded at 4 per cent 454 97 ' Net saviDg in favor of Mutual Life - $674*7 MUFUAL LXFE. Premium $368.70. Guaranteed Cash Value at end of 20 years $6,310 00 I EQUITABLE. JPrnnium $383.40. Guaranteed Cash Value at ead of 20 years 6,100.00 Mutual Life returns over Equitable - $210.00 Mutual Life savicg in premium 3)14 /O for ZU years compound- I ed at 4 per cent~ 454.97 j Net saving ifl fV\ror of Mutual , Life ...$ 664.97 MUTUAL LIFE. Premium $368.70. Gua'anteed. Cash Value at end of 20 jear-fo, 310 CO MUTUAL BENEFIT. Premium $639.70. Guarantied Cash Value at end of 20 j ears $4,809.20 j Mutaal Life returns oxer Mutual ^Benefit $-,500.80 Mutual^Benefit saying" in premium $29.00 for 20 years compounded at 4_per_cent...? 867.20 Net saving in faror of Mutual Life $633 60! MUrUAL LIFE. Premium $368.70. Guaranteed ("ash Value at end of 20 jeara-56,310 00 i AETNA. J Premium $319.70 Guaranteed Cash Value at end^of 20 years $4,044.82 Mutual Life returns over Aetna ..$2,26-5 18 Aetna saving in premiums $49.00 for 20 years compounded at 4 per cent 1,487.48 J j Net 8a7iog in favor of Mutual Life $777 70 ; All of the above figures are taken at the j end rt a 20 yjar period, although the gaar- ] anttei given by this Company all through j ihe difierent years are larger than those of j other companies. It should be remembered that the surplus , ret ul s are not taken into consideration in j these con parisons, which, with the ftur, that! the mutual Life dividends on distribution j policies are very large, prorei conclusively that there is no policy like this new contract. THE MUTUAL LIFE POLICY PROVIDES FOR Loans "to per cent, per annum at any time after three year3. fash value after ihree years. Automatic paid up insurance. Extended insuranceThirty days' grace in the payment of premiums. The New York Life and Equitable policies provide for loans only on the anniversary of the policy wad i*ithin thirty days thereafter while loans will be granted at any time dur iog the year on the Mutual Life policy. T loan on a poucy omy one montu cut 01 tweiv wuM be something lifee a bank makin loans to its customers ouly once a moathou of the year, a limitation which would offe but little accommodation to the depositor. Neither loan nor cash value is juven on the Aeina policy until after ten years, and at the expiration of any policy year thereafter; while The Mutual life gives both at any time i. after three years. In the N<w Tork Life and the Equ:table " cash dividends cannot,, be applied to purchase additional iasurance thus making the , amount more than the face of the policy, J unless the insured furnishes a certificate of j I good Leilth The Mutual Life will make ( the dividend additions without re examina- | tion, if so elected two years before the end j of i he distribution period. The severest criticism which rival compa Lies and agents have made on the new policy i ot the Mutual Life is that "it is too liberal," j whinh rpollv ir.^.iKumunt ' any policy has ever received, and oce that j will obtain for it the preference over any other offered by any conpany. With such a contract, issued by the Great Mutual Life, with assets of $277 000,000.00, and a sur jIus of $44,000,000.00, with an income in 1828 J, over $55 000 OJO.OO, there can be nothing surer, fa^er or belter either as a financial investment or a9 a protection for the family against the possibil ties of future disaster. I was born on the day of. - and year 18 My full name is~ My address is Amount of insurance desired $ Married or single ? For further particulars fill out this coupon i and send to F. H. HYATT, GENEBAL AGENT FOR THE CAROLINAS COLUMBIA, S. C. j To get strong < and healthy use' one bottle Murray's Iron Mix- ; tttre. Price 50c i IS ilillil, ' -1 / J What Would the Business World Do Without Us ? We know our business and we always have emp'oyment We secured cur trailing at the COLUMBIA BUSINESS COLLEGE, Columbia, S. C, and would advise you to do likewise if you ^ * 1 2- .U- VA aesire mc u 91 iu me vi uuujr. uwn school has a aore thorough business cou-se, a simpler or easier learned shorthand course, or more successful jrraduates. Their catalogue gives full information as to courses of study, rates of tuition, Wrd, securing positions, and other inducements. Send for it and tame the course wanted. Address, W.H.NEWBERRY, 4t President. ^ MACHINERY AND I Hill QIIDDIIK nr J IIIILL UUI I LILU Ul EVERY DESCRIPTION. f It is now unseasonable to "Talk" Cotton Ginning Machinery, but it is the time for you to place your orders for? RICE BUILEBS, ZRICE THRESERS, GRIST MIL US, SVW MILLS. WOOD WORKING MACHINERY". ENGINES *ND BOILERS. And many other useful and necessary machines we might mention. If you want the best value for your money, consult your ir t?-r<?sl by writing or ^ calling on us for prices and estisates tefore placing your orders. Large Stocks. Prompt Shipments. Lowest Prices Consistent With ' 'Honest Goods." W. H. fiibbes & Co.. i COLUMBIA, S. C. Itisthe= 1 =Gustom 1 Bat & Yery poor one, to wait until the gin ning season is on before locking to see what fix the gin is in. -*| Now is the time to HURRY ~4 YOUR GIN TOTHE ELLIOT GIN REPAIR WORKS I Do not delay and then ask ns to let yon have it at once, for thorough work casket be done in a hurry The attention gm* his matter now will more than repay yea when the cotton is white in the fields and the gin house crowded. T?e workii? coming in already, po thip at once to th? undersigned, located at the old electric ligbt engine honse References by perjrubi:?V. fl Go ir XT P. "RorlViam InA d Wi'llu jjgf your name and shipping point on work seat and prepay the freight. The EHiott Bin Repair Werfcs, | W J. ELLIOTT, Proprietor, No. 1314 G-ates Street, r?Af TTvcor a c? /t VA/JLUJiUDia- O. I/. Ginning J Machinery. I 0 The Smith Pneumatic Suction Elevating, Grinning and Packing System Is the simplest and moat efficient on the market. Forty-eight complete outfits in South Carolina: each -? onex giving absolute |j satisfaction. Boilers and Engines; Slide Valve, Automatic and Corliss. My Light and Heavy Log Beam Saw Mills cannot be equalled in design, ef leiency or price by aay dealer or manu K :ajturer in the South. Write for nrices aad catalogues. V. C. Badham, 1826 Main Street, COLUMBIA, S. C. m Morphine M U/Siiftl/nu VVIIIdlVGV-qi HABITS CURED. | HON. W. H. CLOUGH, Governor of Minnesota. "I hare always said that the Keeley Institute of this country bad done more good, in my judgment, than any other institutions or m jrganizvions in the country. I have said it nany times, and I want to repeat it here, that Dr. Ke?!ey has done more for the coau.rj. has sated more unfrrtana'e men than my one man in the United States " mm (Extract from an address delivered in Minneapolis, Augus', 1897.) Address Communications to The Keeley Institute. 126 Smith Street, turner Vanderhorst, CHARLESTON, S. C. |j Macfeafs M School of SHORTHAND 1 ?AXD? TYPEWRITING I COLUMBIA, S. C. iff This School has the reputation of being the teat business institution in the 8tate. Gradiates are holding remunerative positions ia f aercantile houses, banking, insurance, real state, railroad offices, &c., in this and other totes. Write to W. H. Macfeat, igrapherComilbii, G. fjc ;s * a .,