The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, January 20, 1897, Image 1
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| VOL. Ll7 WIMSBOSO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 20, 1897. NO. 24. 1
I THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
MET !N ANNUAL SESSION ON TUESDAY
OF LAST WEEK.
The Election of Ollicers in t lie House and
Senate the Most Important Work Done
on the First Day of the Session.
Columbia, S. C., Jati- 33.?The
General Assemblyof South Carolina j
convened in annual session jesterclay |
at 12 o'clock.
tee proceedings in the house.
Promptly at 12 o'clock Clerk Gray.
\ clad in his oflicial robes, stepped up to
W? the speaker's desk and cajled the house
to orcier. When' the hdu&3 had been
|l|s called to order Mr. B B. McWhite
jf? moved Mr. C. W. Garris for temporary
||| chairman. Mr. Garris thanked the
house for the honor conferred upon
gp him, and proceeded to say that he
would leave all matters relating to the
affairs of the State "for 'the permanent
officers.
The roll "was called by counties and
all the members were svrorn in, taking J
the oath in front of the.s>peakers stand, !
the temporary speaker administering
the oath. The memberaall took the
oath with hands raised and completed
the act by kissihs: acheap; cloth bound
Bible, which was small and easy to
handle. Each member,.after taking
the oath, went up on. ;t}ie. stand and
signed the roll. Considering the fact
. that it was the first day of the session,
4-1 the number of absenteswas very small.
I \ Hon-Frank B. Gary was unauimous-1
ly re elected Speaker,, On motion of j
^ i ! Mr. Winkler a committee.! consisting i
i r of Messrs Winkler, Rains ford and j
wocf onnri!nfcri ir\ xcait or! TVfr. I
' i^avv/b T??C v? ?
Gary and in^orm'hijiief bis eleetion.
* This committee1 iooh. returned' -^itb .
i him. Mr. Gary- on reaching the;' ynd
; ~ was sworn in. the members stanch / ;
^meanwhile. On takiDsr trie chair,'b?pQg
presented bv }Ir. Garris, he prov
< f ceeaed to thank the members. He said
he esteemed it a high honor to preside
over a legislative body in South Carolina.
When'he thought -of these who
^ ;f had presided over the'h'Ouse* in'the
past he felt that the members had
raada a mistake in elec'.inghim. How"
ever, he would -know no party or fac%
tion. He would J Mh# speaker, of the
f*> house of representa* ?s aha -with their |
kf co-operation he hop(x +hat the busi- j
;-4 ness of the house wq'u \ not suffer.
; .. He again thanked them\J>r the high
' honor paid him. " v -. ' >.
; <* The election of a clerk was then entered
into- Mr. Sturkie ia -pleasing
terms nominated Gen. J..Walter Gray
of Greenville. It was seconded by Mr.Magill.
Mr. Haselden rcse -io-nominate a.
JLLiaii. Y? ugot- m-vw .
challenged?Mr. Jesse T. Gantt.
Mr. Blythe'theofeSL-appropriate language
nominated Mr. J. Tom Austin,
who had served three terms in the
house, one in tbe senate and; wa's'a
member of the Constitutional-ccrtve-alion.
Messrs. Crum. Haselden and deLoach
were appointed jfsieslers. . The
vote resulted"as follows: - . .. ...... .
4?
Gray ? 59 j
Austin.... 4j
Total vote cast Ill
Gen. Gray was then declared elected
2isr and sworn in.
Mr. Barns noininMed;Mr. X. n.
Stansell as sergeant-at-arms.r'Mr.
Caughman nominated Mr. S G. Kol Jott
r\i 1VTMr.G ?imokins
iVj yj. >.. .* w w ^_?t
seconded the nomination in a speech
highly eulogistic of Mr- Holiey, who
is a Confederate veteran. Mr. Crum
then seconded the nomination of Mr.
StanseU, referring; jLQ-.his excellent
record. / ? _
Messrs. Rains ford ^ Q-hiids'and Burns
were the tellers. T.h'e vbte resulted':
Holler 25. St an sell S7;*total vote-cast
112. Mr. Stansell was declared elected
and sworn in.
For resding clerk Mr. Crum nomi
nated the "man with a voice that fev
men had," Mr. J. S. Wither?, the former
reading clerk. Messis. Graham:
Townsend and Perritt were appointed^
tellers. Mr. Withers received " ICS'
votes, all those cast, ancHva^ sworn,
in.
A resolution offered by Mr.- Garris
was adopted, that a committee be sent
to p.otify Governor Evans that this
body -was ready to receive any communication
be might have to make.
Messrs. Garris, .Sturkieand Pollock
were ap pointeU. The" co^w&itlee At
once retired.
Mr. Gocdwin moved that the rules
of the old house be adopted for this
house.
Mr. Mearps wanted rule SI except
ed as this \>?.o the only legislative
body that was accustomed to seating
of members ""by ?delegations., ^He
thought that it was for me best interests
of legislation tbat.the members b?
seated separately, 11r would prevent
f sectionalism.
Mr. Goodwin differed with Mr. i
i Meares. He said it was the best advantage
cf the house to have the inem
Ibers seated^ by delegations.
Mr. Meares1 amendment was killed
and the.old'*rules were adopted,-SCO
copies of tbe'rulesbeing ordered.printed.'
Mr. Sturkie offered a resolution re &
quiring all members to stand outside
the rail while' the seats were being
drawn. This was adopted.
Ifegir The house, on motion of Mr. Ki
W&m nard. under the new act. proceeded to
|||| elect a chaplain. The Kev. J. C. Ab|||i|
ney was nominated by Mr. McGr.
|f||L Simpkins; the Kev. R. 31. Kinaru was
glllf nominated by Mr. Skinner. The balipf
]ot resulted as follows: Kinard 53.
Abney 40. Mr. Kinard was declared
t elected.
The governors message came in at
| this time, and at the suggestion of
i the governor, upon motion of
\ Mr. Garris, the reading of the message
I was postponed until the prit ter could
supply sutKeent copies to be placed j
t upon the desks of ail the members, j
a A'sjnopsis of the message will be |
found in another column.
^ The delegations then prcceeded to!
| draw foj-jseats. A small boy drew the j
na^es o! the counties from a hat. |
i Hampton got the first choice and took i
the seats midway on the right side of i
the centre aisle. Union, Ohesteriieid
and Spartanburg came next. Union:
and ChesterSeid selected seats on the
left side.-.: Clarendon came next.
Spacianbui^-got the front seats on the
right siLancaster and Abbeville
on'tbV '"fe'ft: Messrs. Pollock'of
Chesterfield and Smith of Hampton
got th^Rvo1 ofes^'sests' is ;he house.
It required over' an hour's time to
complete the selections of seats. Florence
was the las>: county to get seats
and had to takevrhat were left." R."B.
Anderspn., the only colored member,
got th'e seeat he-has occcupied for several
sessions past.
Speaker Gary was at work J ast ever,-,
I in? on the arrangement of his committees.
He expects to announce his
| appointments at todays session. He
| says he will give tbe matter most
j careful consideration and ascertain ine
j sentiment prevailing among the me:nj
hers as to the personel of the commit[tees.
! At yesterday s session, Mr. Riinsj
ford called attention to the danger
! from failisg skylights and the serj
geant at arms was directed to have the
I matter given proper attention. All
| but 13 members of the house were
| present yesterday. Some of the absentees
are sick at home.
Speaker Gary appointed t^e follow
ing committees:
* Privileges and Elections?D H Masill,
Chairman: S T McKeown. KY
Lemmon, Ben F Townsend, C M Di
vis, G L Toole, John M G lenn, DF
ESrd. Peter Hollis, Jeremian Mishoe,
SMcGo. Simpkins, T T Westmoreland,
J GWolling.
On Medical Affairs?L K Sturkie,
H T Wvfihe H P Goodwin. R EI Tim
merman, A J Spear, J R Smith, J H
Price. .
On Judiciary?J M Skinner, T W
Bacot. PEL Gadsden, C L Winkler,
H C Paiton, W P Pollock, A Bly the,
Knox Livingston, T Y Williams,
George W Gase, W H Thomas, W
H Stevenson, R A MearesWays
and Weans?C A Barry, John
P Thomas. Jr, C W Garris, J C Slehrtens,
CRD Burns, Thomas H Riins
ford, J H. Wilson, II P Goodwin, W
HYeldell, Julian Mitchell. T A Graham,
HHCrum, J W Witherspoon.
On the Penitentiary?S T McKeo'wn,
J M Hyatt, L A Moore, J M Sullivan,
El H Crum. . ''
On Military?H H Crum. M W Pyatt,
H jE Towns^nd, W S Smith, W
H Thomas, iFH Dukes, J D Haselden,
D H Magill, George B Lester.
On Claims?fJ. T. Wycbe, R. L.
Caughaaan, Peter Hoi lis, D. B. Henderson,
G L Toole, E L Asbill, T E
Johnson, L N Gasque, R W Anderson.
Roads, Bridges and Ferries?Joshua
Ashley, R L Caugbrnan. J D Haselden,
CRDBurns, A W Cushman, 1
J S Graham, D M Miles, J 0 Wingo,
0 P Gocdwin.
On Agriculture?J A Harvey, H Id
Lofton, J W Ashley, Peter Hollis, D ,
M Bethune, J D Kinard, D F Eflrd,
RBA Robinson, X M Seabrook. _ <
Corporations?C W Gams, Jeremi- ;
ab Misboe, E L Asbill.W H L-eLoach.
D A McCullough, W Iiderton, T E
Johnson, H J Kinard, W A All.
On Federal Relations?T W Bacot.
OL Winkler, R B Anderson, A J i
Spear, Joseph Bailey, J F Banks, A '
K Sanders, B B Mc White, T I Rod-j
gers.
Oa Railroads?W P Pollock, RC
Barkelev, J M Skinner, R A Lancaster,
H J Kinard, J F McLaurin, E E J
Terser, M W Phillips, P H Gadsden, |
J D Haselden.
On Education?John P Thomas, A
J A Perntt.A Blythe.George W Gage, :
D B Henderson, G L Toole, Cowper :
Patton, T A Graham, J D Hiaard.
On Internal Improvements?M. W
Philips, D II Miles, J H Price C J :
Prircs, J S Reynolds, M W Pratt, S '
TVT T1 n TlV? _ A T> ^
vv ivassen, x\. x -j- j ?/-i>
On State House and Grounds?RM
Lofton, J M Humphreys, George W
Fairey, S W Smith, W S Smith, A S '
Bedoc, Vv C Vincen\ "W A All, B B
McWhite.
On Public Buildings?M W Philips,
J M Hiott, J I WiliCn, W A Nettles,
T H 0 ^en, J ? Miller, W H Kennedy, <
W H Edwards, E M Seabrook.
On Accounts?L A. }?oore, L A Carson,
W G Austeli, L K Armstrong, C :
W Whisonant, JAM Caraway, \Vil
liam Mauldin, A F H Dukes
On Rules?H C Patton, W P Pol 1
lock, T W Bacot, C L Winkler, Hu- 1
ger Sinkler.
, Oh Enrolled Acts?T A Graham,
W S Smith, E L Asbili,. Arthur Ki'o- '
le'r. R 'E'Timmerman, TY Williams,
D B Henderson. 1
On the Legislative Librarv?M W
Pyatt, C J Prince, A J A Perritfc, J
M Glenn, C A Barry, E J Limehouse-, 1
C J McDaniel.
On Engrossed Bills-Jeremiah Mishoe,
LK Armstrong. J S Grahan, A
B'Layton, Joel II Miller, Ross Fox, T
B Owen.
On Public Printing:?J D Kinard, A
J A Perritt. W I Ilderton, C J Colcock,
R Y Lsmmon, A Blythe, J S
Reynolds.
On Lunatic Asylum?J D EaseMeD,
L K Sturkie, C A Barry William IIderton,
H J Kinard, E H Timmerman}
L'D Childs.
On OfSces and Oilbers?B L Caughman,
N W Philips. George W Davis,
R B A Robinson, B B McWhite, T T
Westmoreland, J 2*1 Price.
On Commerce and Manufactures- -R
C Barkeley,R Y Lemmon, George W
Fairey, E J Limehouse, W A All, J
A MeCuilough, A W Cushman, S W
Russell, D M Miles.
On public Schools--H P Goodwin,
William Ilderton, A J A Perrilt, S W
Smith, Arthur Kibler. L A Carson,
T 7 n T. WfrWor. O .1 Col
ccck.
On Mines and Mining?J C Mebrtens,
J H Wilson, C J Prince, C) W
Whisonant, AF H Dukes, S K Epps,
T Y Williams, Knox Livingston, W G
Austell.
THE PROCEEDINGS IN* THE SENATE.
Promptly at noon Lieutenant Governor
Timmerman called the State
senate to order by sharply rapping his
gavel. The noise and talk of the
senators who were standing about in
groups at once subsided ana each hast:
ened to 2nd the seat which lot had
given nim. ifrom the very first the
j senate settled down to routine work as
j i? it had been in session for some time
i instead of but a few minutes. The roll
| call was at once ordered and showed
the only absentees to be Senator Dennis
of Berkeley and Senator Archer
of Spartanburg.
A number of new member! were!
present to whom the oath of office had j
to oe aatnmisierea. xnese scuaiuxs?
Henderson cf Aiken, Maytield of
Barnwell, Taibird of Beaufort, Gaines
of Edgefield, walker of Georgetown.
bs&n of Greenville, Scarborough of
Horry, Wallace of Laurens, Griff a
of Lexington. Brown of Marion,
Mower of Newberry, Conner of Orangeburg,
Alexander of Oconee. Suddath
of Saluda, and Love of York,
: were escorted to the front of the pre
! siding oiiicer's s'.and and there sworn
! in.
Dr. Tiaimerman was dispatching all
I ibis routine work as fast as was cdoii
patibie with the dignity of the bsdy
| over which he presided, when he sud
Idenly recalled tbat the proceedings
j h3d no: been opened with prayer. He
j susoended business and announced
*1-- T>-_ '.I. 1 1 1 U _ ?.,U
i tUvit i.az xvsv. jLr. \> xnuuguuv wyuiu i
| make-the opening: prajer. 5lr. Wili
ioughby did so, asking for direction J
| from above and that all work which
was done by the senate should be for j
the glory cf God and the good of the
people for all ages to come.
Dr. Timmerman here extended a
cordial greeting to the senators and
then announced that the election of
the clerk of the senate was in order.
On motion of Mr. Mayfield Gen. R.
K Hemohill was unanimously reelected
to that position, no opposition
to him having developed. Senator
D. K. Norris cf Anderson was elected
president of the senate pro tern and
Mr. W. H. Steward reading clerk.
A gcod many candidates appeared
in the field for the position of sergeant
at-irms. Messrs. J. D. Hood of Chester,
D. .R Lesesne of Williamsburg:, J.
W. Floyd of Kershaw. W. J. Shelton
of Union, R Jolley cf Spartanburg1,
J. T. Parks, of Orangeburg:, John F.
Folk of Bamberg, and L. E. Parler of
Colleton were the spirants. On the
third ballot Mr. J. Floyd was_de
clared elected. The Ksv. J. i?. wiiloughby
was elected chaplain of the
senate.
On motion of Senator McCalla the
president appointed a committer of
three to wait on Governor Evans ana
inform him that tbe senate was ready
for business. . Senators McCalla, Buist
and Pettigrew were appointed on this
committee.
Dr. Timmerman announced the following
appointments: J. T. Gantt,
journal clerk; E. A. Perry, bill clerk;
George Anderson and ? Auld, pages;
Jas. T. Parks, postal clerk, Jacob F.
Gooding asd J. F. Shumpert, door
keeper and assis-ant doorkeeper; D.
W. Harris, gallery doorkeeper; W. E.
Evans, assistant gallery doorkeeper;
N. 0. Pyles. general committee clerk;
M. S. Ashley, Calhoun Butler and 2. I
A rv-irtarc- .Tad "RVsitfipr Ann I
James Hodges, laborers. He made
these appointments after consulting
with the newly sleeted lieutenant governor,
Mr. McSweeney, to ascertain
if they were satisfactory to him.
The following committees were also
announced:
Agriculture?J H McDaniel, chairman
; J S :i^ubose, A S Williams, H
M Stackhouse, J T Douglas, A C Sanders,
"97 B Love.
Claims and Grievances?Altamont
iMoses, chairman; E L Archer, Geo S
Mower, G W Ragsdale, J M Gaines,
J S Suddath, J H Turner.
Contingent Accounts?D.J Griffith,
chairman; A H Dean, L 31 Ragin, L
3 Connor, J T Hay.
Education?W A Brown, chairman; ,
D S Henderson, D K Norris, W H
Mauldin, I H McCalla, G L Buist.
Enrollod Bills?LeGrand Walker,
chairman; Jos Alexander, A H Dean,
rhos Talbird, R B Scarborough, E J
r ennis. i
TV T T*-i. ? : . T
JIDSE01?Or u JL>uist, uuaixLuaj-i, 11
H McCalla, W. B. Lo-e, AH Wil-j
liams, A C Sanders, J S Dubose. Alta mont
Moses, H M Stackhouse, D J
Griffith, D K Norris. [:
Charitable Institutions?J T Douglass,
chairman; J N Turner, B F Mil- :
isr, W B Love, J T Hay, J B Suddath
L S Connor. - i
Commerce and Manufactures?F L
Archer, chairman; A H Dean, D K :
Norris/J E Pettier?w, L^Grand Walk;->v-J^-S~
-J H G-agrctn
County Officers?A C Sanders, chairman;
R B Scarborough, W A Brown,
J S Dubose, E L Archer.
EagrossedBills?B. F. Miller, chairman
; J T Hay, A H Dean, J S Dubose,
Gr W Ragsdale.
Federal Relations?H M Stackhouse,
chairman: W T O'Dell, G L Buist, J
R Turner, E J Dennis, B F Miller.
Immigration?E J Dennis, chairman;
C RWallace, AH Dean, JS
Dubose, G- W Ragsdaie. \
Incorporations?D S Henderson,
s'aairman, Geo S Mower, A H Dean,
Gr W Ragsdale, R B Scarborough, J T
Hay.
Judiciary?S C May field, chairman;
Geo S Mower, J T Sloan, G L Baist,
D S Henderson, Thos Talbird, LeGrand
Walker, J T Hay, R B Scarborough.
Medical Affairs?A H Williams,
c" ^rman; Altamont Moses, A H
Dean, D J Gri. 1th, C R Wallace, J
BSuddath.
Penitentiary?I II McCalla, chairman;
Altamont Moses, A H Dean, D
J Griluth, C R Wallace, J B Suddath.
Privileges and Elections?Geo S
Mower, c&airman; I H McCalla, J M
Gaines, D S Henderson, G W Rags
dale, J T Hay.
Public Lands?A H Dean, chairman;
J S DuBose, L M Ragin, J T
Hay, Jos Alexander.
Retrenchment?J os Alexander, chair
man; AH Dsan. G W Ragsdale, A
C Sanders.
Roads, Bridges and Ferries?W T
O'DpII chairman: A H Williams. A
C Sanders, B F Miller, 0 R Wallace,
J B Suddath, D J Griffith.
Legislative Library?J THay, chairman
; J E Pett'grew, L S Connor.
Military?W HMauldin, chairman;
A C Sanders, Altamont Moses, J T|
Sloan, J K Turner.
Mines and Mining?J S DuBose,
chairman; LeGrand Walker^H 31
Stackh^sserAr^i-^eanrG L Baist, C
R Wallace, Thomas Talbird.
Printiag?J M Ragin, chairman;
J H McDaniei, J B Suddath, Jos Alexander,
I K McUalla, Altamont
Moses, W A Brown.
Public Buildings?J E Pettigrew,
chairman; W T O'Dell, J T Douglass,
r*r A. i ? X O /^i *"* I
tt id scacivaouse, jj o uonnor.
Railroads and Internal Improvements?J
P Sloan, chairman; G L
Baist, J T Douglass, H M Stack bouse,
S G Mayfield, A H Williams, I HilcCalla,
D K Norris, W M Mauldin.
Rules?L S Connor, chairman; E J
Dennis, G L Buist, A H Williams, J
T Kay, D K Norris.
Several bills were introduced and re
ferred. Tne committee retiirned after
informing Governor Erans that the
senate was ready for business and announced
that the governor said he
would send his message in a few minutes.
After waiting for a little time
for the message, on motion of Senator
Moses the senate adjourned today at
12 o'clock. The governors message
will then be read.
Accidental Killing.
S-UOae?, S. C., Jan.' 12 ?A youth
HCMjLIUU. aovui v?ao c*v
cidentally killed. by a negro on Jan. 9.
The parties lived in Broxton township.
The negro man was "just
fooling" with a pis:ol supposed to be
unloaded. Young Carter was standing
near looking on when the weapon
was discharged, killing the boy instantly,
Fatal Explosion.
Denver, Col., Jan. 13.?In the Aait
Mining Company's tunnel, near Ward
Colo., last eveniogJohn W. Glover
and Harry G-lover, contractors, and
T. A. Degarmo and John W. Shriever
were killed by the explosion oi thirtyeight
pounds of giant powder. The
cause of the explosion is not known
j HIS LAST MESSAGE.
GOV. EVANS' OFFICIAL COMMUNICATION
TO THE LEGISLATURE.
Much Space Devote<l to the Dispensary
Law?Other Matters of Grave Importance
to the Statr.
The following: is?the annual message
of Governor John Gary Evaas to the
General Assembly:
Gentlemen of the General Assembly:
It is the duty of the governor under
the Constitution to give you from time
to time information of the condition
of the State and to recommend such
measures for your CDnsi deration as he
may deem expedient. I shall confine
myself in this my last annual message
to giving you such information as I
have been able to obtain as to tne condition
of the State, leaving to my successor
to make recommendations as to
any future legislation or policy.
Two years ago I was elected governor
to succeed a leader of a revolution
who, to use his own Jaa^uage, was the
''worst hated and bsst loved'' man
who has ever entered the politics of j
our State. The policy that I should
pursue was already .formed by the 1
people and the only issue made was as to
the enforcement of tue dispensery ;
law?whether it should be aggressive 1
with a view of destroyiog the illicit '
traffic in liquor or whether it should :
be of a milk and cider form as our 1
enemies would have it with the hope
of its final repeal- My nomination 1
and election meant the former and I 1
have endeavored to be true to that :
policy. It would have b^en an easy 1
matter for me to have placated my 1
enemies and the enemies of the Re- 1
form movement by giving f ar to the 1
overtures of the whiskey element and J
their allies in the cities of the State? 1
the daily press. These people who :
!>IttJLLUCrcU itiiU Y-WiUCU tut uauiuo ui
the dispensary law have continued 1
their stubborn warfare to aa extent ]
that would barely be tolerated by a j
less conservative people. They have J
not been content to express their con- ]
tempt of the law, but have attempted 1
to drag down by lying and slandering <
every official connected with the ad- (
ministration of the law. Every error ]
in bookkeeping of an inexperienced '<
disper has been magnified into an em- *
bezzlement. Every arrest of an illicit i
dealer in liquor by a constable has <
been .characterized as vilest oppression 1
of innocent and law-abiding citizens. $
If perchance an offender is killed (
while resisting the officers and carry- J
incr nr? his damnable traffic, it is class ?
ed as a murder most foul. These re- 1
ports are sent out to the world as t
truths, when as a matter of fact they t
are brazen falsehoods. It is a disgrace- ^
;U spectacle that South Caroliuians ^
should descend so low as. to slander
th.eir own government from political J
malice.
The dispensary law is stronger today
than at any time since its enactment
and is better enforced as will ]
appear from the statistics later on. ]
This is the most important matter ]
with which vou will have to deal, and ]
I would respectfully call your attention
to the excellent report of the
board of control, wi ll the request that
you study it and think well before i
making any changes in the present ]
system. 1
THE DISPENSARY AS A BUSINESS. ]
Tin t.n t.hft time of mv induction into 1
office as governor, the dispeii sary had
been in operation about 18 months. <
The governor was charged, not only ]
with the enforcement of the law, but <
as business manager in the capacity <
of chairman of the board of control. 1
The business had continually increased
until it reached over $1,000,000 an- ]
nually. Realizing that as a, business <
it was tentative and that it had not i
been placed upon what could truly be ]
called a business plane and that it was :
burdened with crudities of which it
must be divested before it could reach !
the expectations of the public as a mor- <
al reformation and a busisess success,
my first official act was to ?ive its for- i
mer management a thorough investi- i
gation in order to ascertain its fman~ioi
cfotnc qs w??H as its wpak r?r>in?s.
I was met by many difficulties, politi- 1
cai as well as business. To commence (
the business the general assembly of <
1S92 voted an appropriation of $50,000.
For the first IS months of its
existence the dispensary experienced
many vicissitudes and when it was
placed in my hands I found it still
embarrassed and hardly able to stand
alone, li had not paid a dollar into
the State treasury in cet earnings and
the ?50,000 appropriation was still unliquidated.
The statements of its
growth and progress as published from
time to time by the former commissioner
were unsatisfactory to the public,
for the reason that tbe system of 1
bookkeeping was a Chinese puzzle and i
no one could tell exactly tbe true sta i
tus of the business. This fact gave
ml nr to zf-sa.
administration of the law and invited :
the terrific accusations that were made
against those' charged with its management.
The last statement of these ;
assets and liabilities and profits which
the former commissioner marte was
for the quarter ending January 21,
1895. In that statement, the profits
claimed to have accrued to date
amounted to $151,2^5.51. Bookkeepers
of experience could not cipher this
out and claims were made that the
profits were fictitious I determined to
change the business management and
adopt a full and satisfactory system
of accounting. An expert bookkeeper
was employed and it was ascertained
that the profits claimed had not accrued,
but that the accrued profit to
that date was forty-odd thousand dollars
less than the amount. This was
simply a mistake-in bookkeeping and
in crediting to the profit account what
had not accrued, but what was expected
to have accrued in the hands of
county disposers. After a thorough
dissection of the accounts it was ascer
tained that the pro tits had not reacnea
$110,000. The entire assets, including
cash, merchandise, teams and wagons
and personal accounts amounted in
round numbers to $198,000. The liabilities
amounted in round numbers
to $30,000. Tbe'total assets being subsequently
affected to the amount of
$2,000 in a final checking and adjustments
of accounts. The liabilities were
as follows: To State appropriation,
$50,000; to sundry persons, for liquors
$3P,000; total indebtedness $36,000;
cash on hand $15,543.40 or ?40,451.60
less than amount necessary to liquidate
the indebtedness. This is simply
a rough statement of the status of the
dispensary when I took charge of the
business. I am happy to state that I
' - - 1-^1 4.-U
turned it over 10 iny successor
and in good condition and as sound
financially as any business institution
of the country. It has been taken out
cf politics and placed in the hands of
a board of control composed of farmers,
bankers and business men of
ability, whose reputation for honesty
and integrity cannct be impugned.
The purchasing power, such a temptation
to some men, has been taken
from the hands of Ihe commissioner
and given to this board. They have
exercised it judiciously and in a manner
to command the respect of all par- j
ties. The duties of the commissioner
are now exercised bv the chairman of I
the board and superintendent, anil the
office of commissioner could be abolished
by jour body. If this power is
ever again placed in the hands of cne
man, he would at ones become an object
of vituperation,misrepresentation,
abuse and slander o:' all the enemies
of the dispensary and every penEy a
liner, without any moral or social re
sponsibility. The experience of the
past year should be enough to convince
your body of the truth of all
that I have said and predicted, and
while I am sure tha; you will be advised
and importuned to change this
law ana return to the old system, you
will find by investigation that such
propositions"come from lean and hungry
politicians with itching palms.
You will be told that the operations
of the present board are a failure.
Judge them b? their acts and results
and not by hearsay.. T-ie subjoined
CDmparative statement of sales to
sounty dispensers has been furnishde
me by the bookkeeper and is subject
to your examination and verification:
The net profit that has accrued to
the State for the past year is in round
aumbers $200,000. Tae next amount,
accrued to the towns and counties for
the same period $122,000, making a
total accrued profittc the S&te, towns
and couuties$322,)00; addiu i $57,652.35
unearned profit on goods in the
sands of local dispeasers first of Janiary,
1S97, swells; ths total of earned
and" unearned profits to the State and
;owns and counties ::or the past jear
;o the amount'of &370,652.65. The
aet profit accruing '.he past adminis:ration
for IS months; was $1.10,348 80.
Nfet urofits for 1S95. SL33 4G7.79 Net
profits for 1S96, $2C0,0CJ0, making a
;otal net accrued pro at to the Slate to
late $443,S16 57. ~A3d xothis rret accrued
profit the outstanding unearned
profit, $57,652.65, makesa total earned
ind unearned profit to date of
>501,469 22. If to this sum we
idd the amount of the net ac:r:ied
profits to the towns and counts
for the years 11895 and 189 S of
>228,121 2S we hare a grand total of
jarned and unearned profits to State,
;owns and counties to date of $729,600.50.
The amount that has been actualy
paid to the State, county and town
reasurers from the net earnings from
;he State and county dispensaries is as
'ollows:
Paid into the State treasury in
189 5 $100,000
Pirid into the Stata treasury in
189 6 100,000
Total $200,000
Paid to towns arid counties,
L895 ....$106 13128
Paid to towns and counties,
[896 122.000j00_
Total ... $228,131 28
Grand total net profits paid in from
ill sources $428,121 28. For further
Darticu/ars of stock on hand, etc., I
would respectfully refer you to the re
*- ? ? J A V?Awa
port ot me ouue uj;?:u. ui tjuuw iioi*?ivith
submitted.
It will thus be seen that as a finanjial
business its success can not be denied.
To the above estimates the sum
5f 59,000 per annum, the average cost
>f maintaining the dispensary constables,
should be added.
The enforcement of the dispensary
[aw has been the bane of the whiskey
dealer, the terror of the illicit distiller,
the pitiful excuse for the opposition of
hypocrites and cranks, and the platform
of disgrunt.ed politicians catering
to local influences, good or bad.
It is the duty under the law of all the
executive officers of the State, counties
and towns to enforce this law, and
such officers are compelled to take an
oath prescribed by your honorable
body to faithfully enforce the law
when they assume their official duties.
The governor is'authorized to employ
constables and Slate detectives, whose
especial duty it is to enforce the law.
1 have employed on an average about
59 constables during my term of office
and one State detective, and ihey
have been zealous and faithful in their
efforts to suppress the illicit traffic,
and I am satisfied?and I am sure the
people of the State are?at the results
obtained during -hepast year 55 regular
commissioned constables, including
the two chief State constables,
have been regularly employed. The
State is divided into two divisions
known as the "upper" and the "lower."
The upper division is in charge of
Chief Fant and the lower m charge of
Chief Holley. The salaries and expenses,
.ncWii^r one detective and
q ruy oTlIct^e^v&u^^dJoJ
$47,726.01. _./
Thirty-one constables are assigned
to tbe upper and 24 to the lower division.
The upper divison has been
much harder to handle by reason of
the proximity of >~orth Carolina and
the mountain distilleries. The amount
of whiskey and brandy seized in the
upper division for the past year was
3,245 gallons, 90 gallons of beer, S,976
gallons of cider and bee? in bottles,
12 vehicles and 16 head of mules
and horses, and 10 illicit dist.iieries
were destroyed. In tie lower division
there were seized and confiscated
6,090 gallons of whiskey, wine and
brandy, 39 barrels of beer, 2,255 gal1
- ? ? ?U~ i -r~t Irjxnrcr fViroo
iUU.5 \il Uttl" auu V/IUW iu.
vehicles and four head of males and
horses one i licit distillery was destroyed.
The resistance to the law
in the upper tier of the counties adjoining
the North Carolina line and
m the county of Charleston has been
most stubborn. In the remaining!
counties of the State a healthy condition
exists and the citizens are almost j
unanimous in supp9rt of the law, and |
I am glad to report that the law is i
being better enforced throughtout the
State at large, as is snown by the sales;
of the dispensaries and the number of
convictions of iliict dealers in the!
State and municipal courts. The
violations reported to my office show a
large decrease and the daily reports of
the constables show a better state of
feeling throughout the State at lar^e,
In the counties of Oconee, Greenville
and Chesterfield difficulties have been
had with traders coming from North
Carolina. These desperadoes invaria1
? fy-v o r] Ol
UjLC gU iilLUCU IV Ljut. ictm mw ix
termination to resist the officers to the
extent of loosing their lives if necessary.
In Oconee a dastardly attempt
was made to assasinate the constables
almost at the doors of the court house
and they narrowly escaped with their
lives. The good people of the county
became indignant and an honest attempt
has been made to bring these
offenders to justice. In two instances
the.constables have been compelled to
shoot down these desperadoes, ana although
fully justified and acquitted
by the courts of the land of any
wrong, tney have been handed down
by the newspapers opposed to this law
and branded as common murderers,
j The only way to deal with such offen|
ders is ;o let them know that the law
win oe eniorcea even ir it oe cec-ssary
to take their lives.
We have been greatly embarrassed
by the decision of toe United State?
court which allows the importation of
whiskey for "personal" use. The
matter is now before the United
States supreme court, and if our position
is sustained there will be little
trouble in puttin ' an end to the illicit
traffic. One of the best evidences of
the decrease in the illicit traffic is the
decrease in the number of licenses issued
by the United States Internal
Revenue department. For the
year ending June 21, 1S9C, there
were issued to parties outside
of dispensaries 315 licenses and
one wholesale license included. Of
these 190 were taken out in the city of
Charleston. For the same period
ending Juae 31,1895, 720 licenses were
taken out. Of this number 157 were
taken out in the city of Charleston,
showing a decrease of 405 in the State
and, an increase of 33 in the city of
Charleston. For the year ending
Jane 20, 1897, there have been issued
so Jar to illicit dealers 173 licenses, ot
which 125 were taken out for Claries- .
ton, among them four wholes ile licenses
to dealers in that city. For the
same period the previous year there
are 299 licenses to illicit dealers, 157
of which were taken out in the city of
Charleston. It will thus be seen that
for the revenue year ending June 30,
1896, the State at large showed a de- ,
crease of over 55 per cent, while the <
city of Charleston showed an increase
of over 20 per cent. Since the 1st of
June, 1S95, the S;ate at large shows a i
decrease of over 42 per cent., while :
the city of Charleston for the sam? period,
under the metropolitan police,
shows a decrease of over 2D per cent. I
It is another significant fact that in the <
counties of the State where public sentiment
has always upheld the law, as :
for instance the county of Abbeville,
the sales of the dispensary have fallen <
off. Thus showing a decrease in the .
consumption of whiskey and a promotion
of the cause of temperance Dur- ,
ing the holidays only oae instance of ]
the commission of crime of which
whiskey was the direct cause was re <
ported in the State, and the Christ- 1
mas holidays were marked for their .
sobriety, peace aad quietude. Daring
the recent State fair held in the city of i
Columbia 20,000 people were reported ;
to have been upon the grounds Thurb- i
day and not an arrest for drunkenness
was made in the city. The same re- i
cord has bsen made in every county <
iq the Stare, The number of con vie- i
lions for the violations of the dispen- :
sary law has increased from year to
year, as the following table by the at- i
torney general shows:
No Bills
&. di5Coji^Jxoj;_.,iIis _ To- ,
v 1 rln.1 f?iifT!'vTSli"T
In year 1893.24 7 1 16 4S
InyearlS94l07 3 2 112
InyearJlS95.65 21 55 141
In year 189644i 2i 159 627
For the past year of the 627 cases reported
231 were from the city of
Charleston.
METROPOLITAN POLICE.
The greatest problem that I have
had to meet since my connection with
th8 dispensary law has b2en its proper
enforcement in the city of Charleston.
There are more friends in this
city to the law than an outside:1 who
has had no dealings with them would
imagine, but it has come to be a political
and a social question in that community
and a great number of its
friends have not the timerity to publicly
uphold it. I realize that to be
politic in dealing wim tnis question
meant to b3 false to the great majority
of the people of South Carolina and
untrue lo those who had elected me
and I determined upon an aggressive
policy towards this city. The question
narrowed itself down simply to
this: Whether the illicit traffic and
contempt of law and order should prevail
in Charleston and be restrained
in tbe rest of the State or whether I
should support and enforce the law
with a strong hand giving equality to
all men. Seeing the increased amount
of illicit sales of whiskey in this city
and the contempt with which the officers
c* the law were treated and having
warned the mayor and city council
repeatedly of my intention to no
avail, the State commission consisting
of the governor, the secretary of state
and the comptroller general, was
called together and thoroughly reviewed
the situatioa. They uaani
mously agreed that the only course
left was to use every power 'or the
enforcement of the law placed in our
the general assembly, or to
the rumseller. We decided on; the!
former course. I expected and so did j
the other members of the board to re- i
ceire the condemnation of this city and j
of the enemies of the dispensary Jaw j
throughout the State, but I determined
to do my duty, and, failing in that,
to recommend to you such legislation
as I deemed necessary to meet the
case. The metropolitan police has
proved a success in every sens; of the
word and I am satisfied, if left to a
vote of the hoaest, Christian, lawabiding
citizens of Charleston, freed of
political malice, they would sustain
it. In the first place it is admitted by
its enemies that the chief of the force
and the police are more efficient and
j have given better service than any in
the history of the city. The policeman
$s a political ward wheeler has
been destroyed and even Mr. Barnwell,
chairman of the opposition and
a bitter opponent of the law and the
police, in an interview in a city paper
after the last election stated that Marshal
Martin and his entire fore 3 had
acted with absolute impartiality and
had performed their duty faithfully.
Praise from Sir Hubert is praise indeed.
The only objection seems to be
that the city has been deprived of one
feature of home rule and this has been
the slogan in the absence of any meritous
objection. What is home rule'?
Does it mean the absolute power of a
municipality to abrogate and nullify
the statute laws of a sovereign State?
Does it mean the submission of the
lives ana homes of honest citizens to a
government of rumsellers and illicit
dealers in whiskey ? Does it mean the
free parade through the avenues of
lawless Italians with whiskey barrels
wrapped in tne ilag of the Union? If
so, then let this conception of Jetferson
perish in South Carolina. Under
the laws of this State police otncers
) m V
are State officers. Municipalities are
formed for the purpose of aiding the
State government ja enforcing the
laws of the State. They are intended
as subordinate limbs of the government,
and when they fail to perform
their functions they should be put
understate control, of or have their
charters repealed. It has been contended
that the polics have baen taken
from the control of the citizens.
Tnis is untrue. The v are in the hands
of a commission of native born
Obarlestonians, whosi interests are
linked with those of the city. Thej'
are under the control of a caief who
has enpyed the confidence and
A. ' J . 1- _ _ ? i J A.I L. 1_ ^
respectoi me city aaa mey-cannoi ds
otherwise under the law.
It wiil'oeseen that the total driaks
and drunks and disorderlies have
gradually decreased from 801 in 1890
to 277 in 1S96 under metropolitan police?a
decrease of nearly 75 per cent.
Daring the year 1S95 there were
bound over by the magistrates for ,
violations of the dispensary law 231 ,
cases. Their names ana residences
are duly given in the report. 0; this ,
number 32 have been tried and convicted
aad aav.-i paid into the county ;
treasury 85,250 in fines. A better
showing ttian this would have been
made butfor the fact that at the last
term of the CDurt every c ise was con- ;
tinued upon the affidavits of attorneys ;
who claimed to be sick and were seen .
upon the streets the next day. The
grand j lry found 24 additional true ]
y I 1 r* I r-? 1 Ofi Ti ? rrr 5 e>
UlUd, 1U U.J4 C. LL V X\* YYft2
had, tha graad jury refusing ia many ,
cases to had tra? bills. Is is a nota ,
ble fact that two of the city couacil ?
who were sworn to enforce this law
were among the number indicted aad j
against whom true bills were fouad. (
Possibly the bast evidence of the work (
of tiie fores would bs a comparison of j
the sales from the dispensaries. The {
gains uader tha mitropoiitaa system z
during the first second aad third quar- ,
ters of the year 189o. [
Uader metropolitan system to city c
and county reach ?7,427 02, neirly j
LOO per cent. <
Tae police made during the year j
1S95 5S2 raids aad recovered 418 bot- J
ties of whiskey partly filled, 39 bottles j
of wine partly filled, 70 demejohns of c
whiskey*partly filled, 6 k?gs of whis
key partly filled, 5 half barrels of j
whiskey partly filled, 42 fall barrels j
Df whiskey, 51 10 gallon kegs of whis- (
key, 16 cases of wiskay, 83 ke^sof j
beer and 10,301 bDttles of b?er. Tae j
i-aids where no seizures were made s
have not been entered. )
Thirty-one ex barkeepers and illiet (
iealers have been made to discontinue
their business and most of them have <
left the city. j
The policj department consists of (
three commmissfoners, who exercise j
allthe nowers conferred by law upon t
the department. The strength of the (
force is as follows: One marshal and t
chief of police, three lieutenants, two (
orderly sergeants, eight line sergeants, t
one chief detective, thr^e detectives, (
seventy-three privates, four gatemen, j
two draymen, five drivers, ten special s
officers.
In the enforcement of ths dispensa- <
ry law the police force have not ne- ,
glected their duty in the detection of |
peace and <
gOOCTOTQei' Of VIS Wy., '
plaints have been mr.de on this score, "j
Capt. J. Elmore Martin has enforced
the laws in an aggressive and vigo- (
rous manner. Notwithstanding the
hundreds of arrests made and the in- j
tricate and delicate questions he has (
has had to decide as the executive offi- ,
cer of the department, on every occa- ,
sion he has displayed the ability to j
amicably adjust the issues involved. (
He and his efficient force and the po* ,
lice commissioners deserve the thanks
of all good citizens in placing Charleston
upon as high a plane as the ether :
cities of the State.
So far as the other cities of the State
are concerned, I am happy to state
that the municipal authorities in every
instance have shown a desire to co operate
with the State administration in
enforcing this law, and while we do
not claim to have entirely stamped
out the iliiclt traffic, all good citizens
must admit that in Columbia, Greenville,
Spartanburg and the smaller
towns a better feeling exists and earnest
efforts are bsing made to enforce
the law.
I desire to call your attention to a
feature of the law which I think
could be dispensed with, ^he county
boards of control in most instances do
not control. They could be abolished
and their duties imposted upon the
State board of control and three or
four inspectors, whose duty would be
to visit the county dispensaries from
time to time and see that they are
properly conducted.
There have been several shortages
in the accounts of county dispensers
and they have been invariably the result
of negligence on the part of the
county boards of control. These de1
- 1 ? T-*?
noquern aispensers nave uccu jjioLiipt.ly
reported by me to the attorney general
with instructions to prosecute,
and he has performed his duty in a
It is no
and becomes aju^ W2?uu> position.
We might as well argue that the
baa'<: !* system should be destroyed
because a cashier occasionally goes
astray. There are good and honest
men,and they can be had to fill all these
positions. It is your duty, not only
to the dispensary law, but to the Reform
movement and to those having
its interest at heart to investigate this
business from its organization to the
present time. If anything wrong is
discovered let it be ventilated and
punish the guilty parties aud rebuke
the slanderers. Ttiis should 03 done
not only with the dispensary, but
with every department of the State
government where the slightest wrong
doing is suspected. In this way alone
can your government be kept honest
and perpetuated.
CLE3ISOX COLLEGE.
I am unable to give you a full iu*
sight into the workings of this institution.
The governor is not a member
of the board of trustees and is dependent
entirely on the reports of the officers
of the institution and personal
inspection for what information he
may possess. The reports of the oQlcers
have not been furnished me although
request has been made to the
auditing committee to furnish me the
Wo-at T shall <mv therefore, is
taken from a newspaper report and
my own knowledge from visitation, i
President Craighead, in his reports,
gives the following rigures: Earollmeat
346, of which 1(59 were in the
preparatory or filing school, leaving
174' in the college proper. It will j
thus be seen that there has been a large j
falling of? in the attendance upon the 1
[continued ox page four. ;
PLAGUE AND FAMINE
TER3I3LS CONDITIONS EXIST1N3
ABOUT BOM3AY, INDIA.
Tha Corpjaa Uabaried?Birds of P/?y Cannot
Congnms Them -Thoasandi of Rafag883
Camp 3d on tha Plains.
Bombay. Jin- 14?"Erery day the
plague situation has become worse,
and it is estimated that nearly half of
the population of the city have flad to
escape death.
The situation is graatly aggravated
by the prevalence of the famine.thousands
of natives who leave the city
ViOTTit-i/* ? - ? ? ?? ?
U'JLUiU^ oa ffflica
to support themselves ia the country
and thus fall victim? to the slower
death of starvation. Tne streets and
baziars that a few weeks ago were
teeming with life are now virtually
deserted, and many shops and offices
closed. One result of the plague has
been a great diminition in all kinds of
crises except burglaries and petty
thefts, and these ia many instances
are due to poverty-stricken wretches
taking advantage of the fact that.large
quantities of property have been
left without protection by refugees _
from the plague-infested city. S:> great
has bsea'the falling off in criminal
ind other cases that the high court of ;
justice does not fiad Dusiness enough
:o occupy more than half its time,
while tue courts in which small cases .
ire tried have abandoned their sittings
altogether and the officials have taken
i holiday.
Eighty thousand fugitives are camo
.ng oat in And heri, where every conlilioa
is favorable to an outbreak of
iholera. There is a scarcity of water
a and abDut the town and the sanitary
irrangements are of the crudest charicier.
The refugees, however, are ' "
nore afraid of the bubonic plague
;han of cholera, and they will unloubfcedly
remain where they are
ather than return to Bombay. Th?
government is doing everything po3;ible
to assist the paople, bat its eforts
thus fav hava been productive of
ittle real result in the directioa of sleanliness.
In Pooaa and Bmadra, the plague is
aging with great virulence. The efforts
of physicians to stay the progress
)f the disease in the siighest degree
lave bsen fruitless and the death rate .
s extremely high. Hundreds of persons
attacked by tiie disease have died * "
n two or three hours, after suffering
Ireadful agony.
The customs of the natives add to
;he hideousness of the plague. The
Mohammedan cemeteries are overcrowded
and it is impossible to find
nen enough to dig graves and bury
;he dead. The sound of dirges is injessant
in and about the places where
;he Hindoos burn their dead in aciDrdance
with their time-honored cus,om,
and the funeral music has a-most
iepressing influence on all who hear
.t, natives and foreigners alike. It is
stated that numbers of dead bodies of - -
Parasees, the religious sect who expose /
;heir dead bodies to ba eaten by the
rultures, are slowly decomposing in
;he open air in the places in which
:hey are left. They have not been . '
Ib
abundance of corpses furnished. to
them. _ -?%$
E?ery where the greatest difficulty is
found in obtaining men to cany the
iead to the cemeteries, burning places
ind the dokhamas. Eran relations
shun their last service to _their dead,
fearing that they will c .tract the
iisease by touching or approaching
the corpses.
In many cases, bodies have been
Mwwuuvugu III. liliC abiTCCbd, CLICH
bearers having bsen overcome by fear
while taking them to their last resting
place.
Up to today the number of cases of the
plague is placed officially at 3,394 - _
and the deaths at 2,356. The Earasias, . .
those of half-natives and half-foreign
parentage, enjoy comparative immunity
from disease,they apparently not
being subject to its attack. A feature
of the disease that was noticed &^Baarrrnrii|n,
Kong-Kong and Southern Chiffl
while it was prevalent there is jggj
noticed here. Swine, poultry angBj
dents appear to be very suscepjfSj
the plague and great numbers ?|?
have died.
Hicks Trying to JExplair^H
Weather Prophet Irl R. Sfl
ing kept in a cold state of periH
trying to explain how it was t||1
predictions of one of the most^SB
Decembers ever known fel^ffl
utterly short of the mark.
public was promised all the ol$?j|
fashioned blizzards it wanted and^P
more, between the 12th and 30th of
the month. The evil influences of ^?r
Mars was to be added to other influences
producing a commotion in the
atmosphere that would be felt to a
tremendous extent But the blizzards
didnot come. Old Mars' evil
influence did not commote the earth
worth a cent Instead there came a
temperature and citi
zenss i-n -over-^
coats and other healthy a^^iiihave^ "
been pouring maledictions upon Mr.
Hicks* cranium, while they wiped the
perspiration from their brows. Prof.
Hicks explains his bad shot by intimating
that the forces he relied upon . ?
to produce a good old style Christmas
got waylaid. When they ran across
Mars they not onlv failed to materialize
into the blizzards down in the programme,
but went off celebrating on
an entirely different plan, actually resolving
themselves into seismic shocks
or earthquakes. It is true these seismics
were not felt anywhere except
in Great Britain and in a few villages
on the eastern coast of America, but
Mr. Hicks considers the excuse a perfectly
valid one. Then, too, he calls
attention to the fact that the high barometer
on the Gulf Coast was alone
a powerful factor in heading off his
blizzards. So tickled is he with this
latter discovery that he distinctly congratulates
himself on his foresight
He predicted a month of frosts and
wintry storms, instead of which there
came a spring temperature here ana a
seismic shoes about 7,777 miles away.
And he thinks that was near enough.
A Fiecd CoPfetaes.
Frankfort. Ky., Jan. 13.?Charles
Taylor, the negro in jail here charged
with kidnapping 13-year-old Nellie
Stej. p.confessed yesterday on condition
that he ba removed to Lexington for
safekeepiug, that robbed her outraged
her, murdered her and then buried
her! OiScers were leaving town with
him when Circuit Court Judg2 Can- .
trill ordered nim back, and commanded
the Sheriff to summon a posse and
protect the prisoner.
-rlAl