Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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YCXL, XLIX. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1894. NO. 16. ^ " THE PRESIDENTS REPORT. MANY FACTS ABOUT AFFAIRS AT CLEMSON COLLEGE. President Craigliead's Intelligent ana Valuable Report?A Bird's Eye View of tlie Work at the Best Agricultural College in the South. Columbia, S. C., Nov. 21.?President Craighead, of Clenison College, in his annual report savs that 635 students have been enrolled during the post year and they are about equally divided between the two leading departments of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. President Craighead covers fully the work in the college and on the*grounds. The newspapers have already covered at different times a great deal of what is contained in the report, but the following are parts which will be of interest: "At the beginning of the session the Board authorized the President to take steps to fatten and slaughter beef for the mess hall, instead of purchasing it bv contract as in the previous year. Accordingly a slaughter-house v.ras built about a mile to the rear of the k doraiitory and pens made for both K hogs and cattle. By this arrangement ft nearly $1,000 dollars has been saved ^ -the college, as the actual cost of beef has ceen but 4 1-4 cents per pound net, B flk against 5.7 cents of last year, and as B nearly 100 hogs have been fattened B with slops from the kitchen. k 4 'The Horticultural Department, un8 n der the efficient management of your painstaking horticulturist, Mr. J. B\ C. R DuPre, has made unmistakable progH ress. He has kept the mess hall supK plied with choice vegetables, and has, K m addition to this put up for the use of the students during the winter B 7,000 three-pound cans of tomatoes.. Fokra, corn and beans. TJtie canning factory, more fully equipped at a cost of $150, has proved to be a profitable investment, as well as a valuable object lesson for the horticultural students, who do most of the canning. "During the year a house for storing winter vegetables has been built on the horticultural grounds, the green house improved and enlarged, and the valuable collection of flowers belonging to Mr. DuPre purchased for the college. The gardens have been indeed a laboratory for the large number of students who have worked with Mr. DuPre. For a full account of the work done in this department and of its needs for the coming year, you are - +A *fV? r\ OVAAllA-nf TttO/ia IV ItJLXO (>AVViXVUV .1 V^/VA w i ? mwv by the horticulturist." President Craighead says electric lights have been put in the laundry, station building, hospital, mechanical hall.and in most of the professors' houses "without cost to the college. Professor Craighead recommends that German and Frem&Jbemad^yt> tional in the junigrand semoWUPT and says th$$- "no man can keep abreast of tjie progress in agriculiure, physics, electricity, or, in fact, in any department of science, who is unable . . f/> French periodicals. Without a knowledge of French and German, those of our students who wish to become professors of agriculture, experiment station workers, editors of agricultural papers, will find their equipment incomplete. [ "To prevent too much crowding in rthe senior year, wnere some ireewm of choice of studies should, I think, be granted, the services of another instructor will be needed. He should teach either physiol igy and veterinary * surgery, mineralogy and geology, or v.. some other branch included in the curriculum for which no instructor has been employed.'' About $901) has been spent on a library and it is kept open four hours under care of a cadet librarian. President Craighead says thit at least ^ - $5,000 more is needed for books. The*** is also a reaeing room, supplied ^ith leading periodicals and daily newspapers. ^ STUDENT LABOR. An important problem is that of student labor, Discussing it Presif -. x /"I?_ ?T ? ^ aent v^raigueau. The student lat>or problem is, I think, gradually solving1 itself. The professors in the Academic department have cheerfully consented, whenever called upon to superintend . squads. As will be remembered, the - management and direction of student labor was left largely in the hands of the president. Subsequent exprience k? will no doubt modify and perfect our HP p,an, but I am more firmly convinced BT as the way opens; up, that all students should be required to perform a cer * ? tain amount of purely educational la>J "bor :*or which they should receive no i pay whatever. Practical work in the cheroical, physical, botantcal. biolog, i ical and entomological laboratories is educational labor, required of all students taking these courses, and should evidently receive no compensation whatever. In like manner, students taking courses in agriculture and horticulture should be requix-ed to do a ^ certain amount of work, such as promav doAm nMwssarv to a com Ppletion of their courses 011 the farm and gardens, nature's own laboratories. So also should mechanical students be required to do a certain amount of purely educational work in the foundry, the wood shops, and the machine shops, for which it would be f folly to expect any remuneration. It is clear also that mathematical students should be required to do much " ' practical work in surveying, leveling and the like. All work or this kind is not only practical, but educational I in the highest sense. To abandon I this in our scheme of studies is to turn ^ out theorists and day-dreamers, whose rmmmfd with useless Stuff which their hands can never turn to l practical use. A certain amount then k of real practical labor, such as the board and professors in charge consider necessary, should, I think. be ex^ acted of all our students, and for which they should receive no money. Here compulsorv labor should end. In addition to this, there will always be an indefinite amount of really productive labor, not necessarilv educa 1- - 1 .1 rtionai, which siuueuus wuo uet-u uie money can. and should do. In no other possible way can a liberal and practical education be put within the reach of the masses. I have received during the year hundreds of letters from parents writing me that but for our laoor feature they would be compelled, because of the pressure in money matters, to withdraw their sons. It is safe to say that only by making ^ use of opportunists here afforded for remunerative labor have at least one K linn ux uui muuvuw wvv?? -- ?? 1^, tinue at college. To undertake to furB nish free to all young- men seeking it such an education as is offered here would impoverish the State and send out a horde of young' men taught to rely upon the bounty and generosity of the commonwealth. Against the insidious approach of this form of paternalism, which strikes at the very foundation of strong, sturdy, manly independence, our college is pledged, by the very charter of its existence, to perpetual warfare. It is the duty of the State to put the opportunities of an education within the reach of all her children. It is the duty of the individual, in obedience to God Al mighty s nrst great law, to seize tnose opportunities by hard, unremitting' toil. After studying the question in all its phases, I would recommend to the board that all agricultural students be permitted to work forty hours, and only forty hours, per month, at not more than S cents an hour for ?00d, honest labor. Exceptions should be made in cases where the nature of the work, such as milking, may require deviation from this rule, but for all such additional labor I would recommend that only 4 cents per hour be paid. At the Mississippi College, mechanical students are not paid at all. Here I recommend that they be paid according to the monetary value of their work. We have paid out for students laboriugthe last seven months $7,403.04. I have dwelt at length upon the problem of student labor, for upon its successful solution depends the weal or'woe of Clemson College. Labor, labor of the hand as well as of the head, labor in the shops as well as in the fields, is expected and demanded of all who enter here. The dignity of manual labor is the foundation stone ' 4 1 "? - -L* _ -1 - upon wnicn our educational eaince is raised, and must be maintained 01* the whole structure tumbles to the ground. To put young men in the way of maintaining "themselves in honest independence, to send out real providers, men k-cho earn the bread they eat and the | clothing where-with they are clothed, this is the mission of our State College. Ours is the duty of teaching the youth of South Carolina the quaint old truth that for those who do not work there are three other things to do; to beg, to steal, to starve. Of the youths who leave these halls let it be asked in the language of Ruskin: "Can they plow? Can they plant at the right time, or build with a steady hand? Is the effort of their lives to be chaste, knightly, faithful, holy in thought, lovely in wnvd mirl rlfWl T trust that ill the coming years we may be able to reply: "Indeed it is witli some, nay, with many, and the strength of South Carolina is in them."' QUESTION OF EXPENSES. The experience of the past year leads us to believe that expenses may, during the coming year, be considerably reduced, and, while the probabilities are that we shall have more students applying for entrance than we can accommodate," I think ilbut justice to the--classes for whom the school was established that expenses be reduced to the minimum. I therefore recommend for adoption the following summary of expenses for the school year: First term, two and one-half months: T-ccuv TJOHTCT ^TUCdl" cal fee $1.25; Trashing $1.25; incidental fee 50c: total $46.40. For each term following the first: Board ?15; washing $1.25; medical fee $1.25; incidental fee 50c.; total $18. Hence, expenses for ten months, including board, washing, fuel, lights, medical attendance and uniforms, will be $100.40. A poor boy may by tvork, cut down this amount ta a jut $70. AGRICULTURAL WORK. Professor W. L. McGee, associate instructor of agriculture and superintendent of farm, reports that the acreage of crops grown on the farm this vear will aggregate about as follows : Sixty acres in oats; ISO acres in corn; thirty-five acres in corn for silage; ten acres in sweet potatoes; fifteen acres in peas; eight acres in sorghum for silage ctllU. fi>UJUlIJL?? J^LAJL c*r\^*. v?J cotton for experiments; five acres in rye;five acres in Bermuda sod. v The oat land was all planted to peas for hay or to corn for silage. The corn was all sown in peas at the last plowing. The crops harvested so far are as follows: One thousand and two hundred bushels of oats; thirty tons of hay; 350 tons silage; 125 bushels peas, 5,000 bushels corn; 6,700 pounds of fodder. Cotton and sweet potatoes not yet harvested. The expenditures of the department are as follows: For fertilizei-s $621.18; for seeds $248.56; for tools, reparis, tilling, etc, $331.75; for wages?farm foreman ?263.75: forl&bor ?1.507.51. The energies of the farm for the next few years must of necessity be devoted to"a building- up of the farming lands, terracing and ditching the uplands, and ditching and draining the bottoms. This cannot be neglected. for it is most profitable to cultivate those lands which have been improved to the highest degree. Student labor has been utilized as far as possible at milking, attendingcattle work on barns, work on campus, improvement of grounds, etc. Their work on the farm hasl>een devoted almost entirely to hand labor, as the limited time which they work, on account of recitations and other duties, makes it impracticable to have them handle teams and machinery. Such work is performed by students only >vhen it is necessary ir. an educational way. Student labor, pecuniarily considered. unprofitable, but from an educational point of view, and as an assistance to deserving: boys of limited means, it is invaluable." THE MECHANIC ARTS. S. Tompkins, professor of mechanical engineering, says: "I would recommend that agricultu"? * ' i "? 1_ - * ?1. u. rai students taKe snop woi-k eigm hours per week throughout the Freshman year, instead of taking two hours per week throughout die four years, and that tins work be devoted to wood work two-thirds of the time, and blacksmith work one-third of the time. With a freshman class of say 200 this would give the equivalent of 133 men to wood work for the entire session. "One instructor cannot well handle over twenty men in a class. This would make" six or seven classes, each working eight hours per week, making a total of at least forty-eight hours per week of instruction to be given, which I consider wholly beyond the power of any one man to do properly. "If we adhered to the present plan, I estimate that the number of hours per week will be practically the same as before, and still require two instructors." All the professors make reports of their work and recommendations for the future of the college. The hospital physician, Dr. A. M. Redfearn, also makes a renort. He savs that 3S4 ?students "were treated in the hospital J during thr year. Classified by diseases the cases were: Typhoid fever, 10; continued fever, 16; bilious fever, 6S; malarial fever, 53; acute articular rheumatism, 14; pneumonia, 5; dysentery, 30; diarrhoea, 26; mumphs; 4; tonsilitis, 20: pharyngitis, 8: orchitis, 1; bronchitis, 7; lympnanagitis, 2; enteritis, 3; cellulitis, 1; erysipelas, 5; epididymitis, 1; abcess, 8: cramp colic, 6; acute indigestion, 6; malarial luema turia, 1; suppression of urine, 3: muscular rheumatism. 4; asthma, 1; biliousness, 9; vertigo, 1; brachycordi, 1; laryngitis, 1; appendicitis, 2; chroniculcer 1; torticallis, 1; double abcess of the middle ear, 3; carbuncle, 2; hemorrhoids, 1; otorrhcea, 6; minor surgical operations, 11; amputations, 1; fractures, 2: dislocation, 1; cholera morbus, t> lumbago, 1: anemia, 4; purpura, 1; conjunctivitis, 1; neuralgia, 1; sprains, 2; eczema, 2; making a total of 362. The twenty-two unclassified cases were treated during my abscence on acount of sickness. Besides these, I have treated a rather large number of throat, nose; and ear troubles amon? the students. I have not tabulated these cases for the reasons that they were not hospital patients, and also because this is special work and not usually done by general practitioners of medicine. The cost of maintaining the hospital during the year was $2,114.19. TOBACCO AST) SILK CULTURE. The Board of Control of the experimental station makes an interesting report. Among other things it says: "The question of tobacco curing was very fully discussed. Letters were addressed last winter to a number of the leading growers, intimating our willingness to render the industry any i.J fTU. * if 4.u\ asaisiaxiue suggesieu. iueicuurui mc replies received led us to forego anything in that line for the present. "'Anticipating favorable action by Congress on the bill now pending locating a number of silk growing experimental stations, we nave taken proper steps to present our claims and have filed an application for the location-of one of them at our college. "Data and information as to sugar beets are bein^ gathered preparatory to thorough trials in different sections of the State, not only as to adaptability of soil and climate to yield per acre, but to their per cent: of saccharine matter.'' CHEESE MAKING. In Sepetember experiments in cheese making were begun at the college. From 4,155.25 pounds of milk, 476.25 .1 pounas 01 green cueese were ziictuc, mi average of 1,72 pounds of milk, about one gallon being required to make one pound of cheese. In making some experiments are being carried on of which 'reports will be made later. An experiment is now under way to determine how one may make a few cheese for his own use without expensive apparatus. RODDEY'S PLAN ENDORSED. But Few lJJssenting Votes in the Cotton . Convention _ - Atlanta,"Ga., Nov. 21.?An important meeting of cotton growers representing several States occurred in Atlanta today. They were called here to consider a ; plan recently suggested by J. T. Rod- : dey, a cotton broker of New York, for controlling the price of cotton. ( The meeting was presided over by Hector D. Lane, Commissioner of Agriculture of Alabama. After some discussion, the plan as announced by Mr. Roddey was, on moton, recommended, Chairman Lane and one or two other dissenting. A committee was appointed consisting of J. Roddey, H. S. Lipscomb of South Carolina and J. E. hunnally of Georgia, to call county and State conventions for the election of delegates to the interestate convention to De held at a time and place agreed upon by the committee. Mr. Roddey's plan, as explained by him, is to form a combination of the cotton growers with a capital of $50, 000,000. or $100,000,000. Each cotton producer is to contribute one bale out of every five made to the trust. Estimating the crop at 8,000,000 bales, this plan would* stock the trust with 1,600,000 bales, the withdrawal of which from the market, it is urged, will appreciate the price 25 per cent. One general office is proposed with branch offices and warehouses at all cotton receiving points. The gins in every county are to be listed and, if possible, controlled so as to know the exact production and to regulate the supply of cotton. In regard to the management of the company, it is to have one general or head office, say in New York or New Orleans, with two general directors i rum tzuAsxi wiivu v one office in each. State with one director from each county in that State and have sub-offices in all the principal cities and towns in the different States to control the local cotton, all to be controlled by the general or head office ; have either a special insurance company organized or the present companies brought to a low rate; let company wharehouse receipts be issued with insurance policies and if the farmer needs money, let the company advance him five-eights or two-thirds of | the value of his warehouse receipts. JE-ignieen cuiuunu. Steuben ville, 0.,Nov. 20.? An explosion occurred at noon today in the Blanche Coal Works near Colliers, West Va. Eighteen men -were at work in the mine and it is not thought any of them escaped either death or injury. Seven dead bodies had been taken out up to 3:40 p. m. John Donnelly, of Steuben ville. and a man named Welch have been identified. Donnelly was blown out of the mine by the force of the explosion. This mine blew up several years ago, and a large number were killed. The balance of the miners are believed to be suffocated to death. The coroner of Brooke county. West Virgina, went to the scene of * the disaster this afternoon. Killed at a Crossing;. Philadephia, Nov. 20.?A south' * - ' J -V XI- _ bound accommodation tram on tne Chestnut Hill branch of the Philadelpma and Reading railroad, ran into a two-horse carriage containing John Horace Meacham, aged 70 years and liis wife and Mrs. Harriet Smyth at 10:35 o'clock this morning at the East Washington Lane crossing in Germantown. Mr. Meacham was killed, as was also Patrick Lacy, aged 57 vuars, wawuuiaju a.l lixg vi uo^iug, nuu had seized the horses and endeavored to back them from the track. Mrs. Meacham received a fractured skull and died shortly afterward in Germantown. Hospital. Mrs. Smyth was slightly injure!. Both horses were killed outright and the vehicle was smashed to pices. \ r ! .PRISONERS IN THE PEN. INTERESTING STATISTICS ON CRIME IN SOUTH CAROLINA. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the State Penitentiary?The General Condition of the Prison?Other Facts of Note. Columbia, S. C., Nov. 21.?The an11111I wiii/vpf nf tliA e!inowiif/?r?fl(?nt nf .AMI**. W V* *.A^^.~~.?-.W V* tlic State penitentiary to the General Assembly, just issued, makes interesting reading. It presents an arrav of facts hearing on crime in South Carolina which affords an interesting study. Superintendent Neal says: ''On the 31st of October, 1893, there were confined in the State penitentiary and convicts camp 1,033 prisoners. Received from county courts during the year, (569; recaptured, 36; total 1,738. Lost by expiration of sentence, 535: by oardon, 50; by escape, 36; by death 51; killed attempting to escape, 1; killed accidentally, 2; transferred to thejjasylum, 1; total lost, 676; leaving this day in confinement, 1,062; making an increase of 29 ovei* last year. ''We have made during the year manv improvements, liavincr now a perfect system of water works and sewerage; no better to be found anywhere. "We had the misfortune to lose by lire the hosiery mill on the 25th of April, which had just been enlarged and improved at a cost of $4,000. I am glad to report that the hosiery mill has l>een rebuilt double the size of the old one, and substantial and convenient, at a cost of ?15,000. The improvements inside of the yard have been upwards of $30,000. Feeling the necessity of more land, to use the convalescing and cripple, and such labor as we could not hire out or send out on farms, we rented 175 acres of land for three years near the yard. tit 1 1 r\r\ m vv e pii?m/eu aurcb m ou jlu corn and 25 in potatoes, &c., from which we have made at the low price of farm produce, about $4,000 worth, which was almost a clear profit. I am glad to report that the crops this year are all good, with few exceptions, altogether a good average. At the best estimate which is possible for me to make at this date, I would say that we have on hand and to be gathered, 850 bales of cotton, 10,000 bushels of corn, 8,000 bushels of oats, 3,000 bush* els of peas, 3G0 bushels of wheat, and at the low or present prices of farm products we will be able to pay the ?7,000 now due on the DeSaussure farm, and all other outstanding indebtedness of the institution and to have on hand at least $10,000 in cash to begin the next year's operations. "We have purchased during the year seven head of mules and horses and have now on hand sixteen head, all in good condition and most of them young and valuable. We will have 150 head of fine pork hogs to on "I would especially call your attention to the fact that this institution has been heavily drained during the past fiscal year by Clemson College and the Girls' Industrial School at Rock Hill and the South Carolina lunatic asylum, as follows: ?Xi ? ? ? A-i nap* no Ulemson uoiiege, casn 3>i,?o/.uo Labor, clothing, etc 5,412.22 Girls' Industrial School, cash 1,372.80 Labor, clothing, etc 12,948.00 South Carolina lunatic asylum 1,17.050 Total $22,850.33 "So you will see that this institution has been taxed during the year by these institutions to the amount of $22,850,33 besides furnishing four or five convicts and one guard to the State house the entire year free of charge, as reauired bv law. I would especially call your attention to the small death rate and list of escapes, both of which have been remarkably small this year; the recapture of prisoners for the year has been equal to the escapes. I feel sure that under the find water closet and sewerage system which we now have, our death rate will be much smaller in the future than in the past. In reference to the food, clothing and sanitary condiT n-Alll/1 T*A'foY? UUI1 UL tut: liisutuuun, x >yKJiAx\A. 1V/AV1 you to the report of our efficient physician, Dr. D. S. Pope. It gives me much pleasure to commend the faithful service of our chaplain. Rev. A. P. Norris, and for the spiritual condition of the prisoners would call your attention to his report. I would beg to thank the board of directors, officers and guards for their kind treatment, which I have at all times received at their hands; our relations and business transactions have been most pleasant during the entire year. For the business transactions of the office ion frv flio full X WUUIU Lilli WUI (ArKl/V/AA.blVSAJ. bv VAAV AV?A1. and complete report of our competent clerk of board and bookkeeper, K. E. Burr is/' The report of the board of directors of the same institution shows that the actual and estimated profits of the institution for the past year were $27.302.55. CONVICTS IN PRISON. The following is the report of Capt. Eber C. Allen, as to the total number of prisoners: Prisoners in confinement,October 31, 1893 1,033 Received under sentence from that date and recaptured... 705 1,738 From which deduct? Discharged by expiration of sentence 535 Discharged by pardon 50 Escaped 36 Died 51 Killed trying to escape 1 Killed accidentally 2 Transferred to the asylum... 1 676 Leaving in confinement, October 31, 1894 .... 1,062 Males, white 91 Females, white 1 Males, colored 929 Females, colored 411,062 Of the above number received, there were? Moles, -white b.> Females, white 1 Males, colored 579 Females, colored 26 669 The number of convicts received from each county was as follows: Abbeville, 20; Anderson, 14; Aiken, zU; .Beaufort, 2U; isarnweu, zv; joeriteley, 36 ;Charleston, 71; Chesterfield 16; Chester, 23; Clarendon, 16; Colleton, 22; Darlington, 11; Edgefield, 20; Fair| field, 9; Florence, 18; Greenville, 29: ^Georgetown, 13; Hampton, 6; Horry, 10; Kershaw, 7; Lancaster, 12; Laurens, 14; Lexington, 5; Marion, 29; Marlboro, 16; Newberrv, 9; Oconee, 17; Orangeburg, 20; Pickens, 8; Richland, 28; Spartanburg, 24; Sumter, 32; Union, 3; Williamsburg, 21; York,22. Thirty-six prisoners escaped during the year and the same number were recaptured. The terms of the 669 prisoners reAAl T* A/1 A TTAAW ^r?A*A O C ^rvl _ VVl V CU villi tuc J Wl OO AWX lows: Life, 17; twenty years, 2; fifteen years, 5; thirteen years, 1; twelve years, 2; eleven years, 2; ten years, 24; eight years, 3; seven years, 12; six years, 6; five years, 55; four years, 18; three years and six months, 2; three years and three months, 2; three years, 45; two years and six months, 8; two years and four months, 2; two years, 76; one year and nine months, 2; twenty months, 2; eighteen months, 34; fifteen months, 15; fourteen months. 2: one vear. 181: eleven months, 1; ten months, 4; nine months, 23; eight months, 6: seven months, 3; six -months, 70; five months, six; four months, 14; three months, 13; two months, 5. OCCUPATION OF CONVICTS. The following was the occupation of the convicts prior to their conviction : Farm hands, 376; laborers, 154; cooks, 27; waiters, 21; wagoners, 12; carpenters, 8; butlers, 5; railroad hands, 4; blacksmiths, 5; butcher, 1; bricklayers, 5; seamstresses, 3; painters, 3; plumber, 1; porter, 1; tramps, 4; drayman, 1; printer, 1; millwright, 1; teamsters, 2; hostlers, 9; barber, 1; tinners, 2; washerwomen, 3; shinglemaker, 1; gunsmith, 1; housemaids, 3; silversmith, 1; lawyers, 2; barkeeper, 1: shoemakers. 2: firemen. 4: horse trainer, 1; collar-maker, 1; factory hands, 2. The nativity of the prisoners was as follows: South Carolina, 593; North Carolina, 42; Georgia, 19; New York, 2; Virginia, 5; Texas, 2; Alabama, 3; Germany, 1; Arkansas, 1; Illinois, 1. The ages of the prisoners was as follows: Under 20 years, 206; from 20 to 30 years, 320; from 30 to 40 years, 80; from 40 to 50 years, 35; over 50 years, 28. RELIGION AND HEALTH. Chaplain Norris says services are held every Sunday at 11 o'clock in the chapel and lectures are delivered everv Tuesday and Fridav in the hos pital.. Twenty-nine convicts have professed conversion during the past year and "their general deportment gives evidence of their sincerity." Of the health of the prison Dr. D. S. Pope, the physician, says that he treated 1,170 cases during the year. He says that the sanitary condition of the institution has been greatly improved and that the death rate is lower than it was last year. Dr. Pope adds: x "Consumption adds largely to our death rate, and it being a pretty well established fact that it is an infectious disease capable of being conveyed by inhalation of pulverized sputa contain ing the germs of the disease the greatest care should be taken to lessen the fcmgnbrought into the prison from the jails. Much has been done during the past year in this direction, and if the plans which you have in contemplation for the prison building and different places of work are carried out, I feel assured that great good will be accomplished. This is a disease best treated by prevention, especially in prison." The Military Academy. Columbia, S. C., Nov. 23.?The report of the Board of Visitors of the Military Academy shows that the income of the school for the past year has been, the State appropriation for beneficiaries ?20.000. and $21,470.47 has been derived from pay cadets maintained at their own cost. The expenses per cadet has been, as heretofore, $300. The Board of Visitors ask that in addition to the usual appropriation of $20,000 by the Legislature, the Academy be reimbursed $2,560 expended on repairs on account of the fire and cyclone. This amount was paid out of the Academy fund. The Board also asks that the Legislature appropriate $750 for current repairs and $868 for insurance for the next three years. The Superintendent of the Academy Col. Asbury Coward, reports as to the enrollment in the institution: After the graduation of the large class of 1893-94, at Yorkville, S. C., on the 29th of June last, there remained upon the roll of the Academy 34 beneficiary and 51 pay cadets. Total 85 Casualties: By honorable aiscnarge * r By permit to retire 2 P By dismissal IB ' ' 7 78 There were, however, present at the opening of the current academic year, 70 old cadets, 33 beneficiary and 45 pay. During the montli of Octobor there were admitted on your warrants 35 beneficiary and 32 pay ^recruits, thus 11 taking the present enrollment 68 beneficiary and 77 pay, or a total of 145 cadets. Ut tne new caaets one, o. C. Minus of Colleton County, was assigned to the Second class; all the otners were assigned to the Fourth Class. The academic classification of cadets it as follows: First Class 21 members Second Class 23 members Third Class 33 members Fourth Class 6S members 145 Big Treasure Unearthed. Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 21.?Great excitment prevails in Union County, about twenty-five miles from this city, over the discovery in a Indian mound of about ?4S. 000 worth of gold bars ana nuggets. About a week ago. a Cherokee woman named Anna McDonald, a granddaughter of Chief Mcintosh, one of the famous chieftains of her tribe, appeared in the neighborhood -with a map showing the purpoted location of a large amount of hidden treasure. She claimed that $500,000 had been buried there by her grandfather. People were disposed to treat her as a crank at first, but finally the owner of the farm on which the treasure was located, agreed to open the mound for half of the treasure, if any was found. Three days ago workmen commenced excavating and early this morning found ?16 of gold dust and nuggest in a jar. Later they unearthed and iron box containing $30,000 worth of the * ?tliAW precious incuti. IJXAC <.uv>v is a great deal more to be unearthed. Over 2,000 people gathered in the neighborhood of the mound and fifty men armed with "Winchesters are guarding the treasure spot to-night. I ' THE STATE'S FINANCES. THE .'ANNUAL REPORT OF STATE TREASURER BATES. Figures Showing the Management of tlie | Financial Affairs of tlie State Govern nient During tlic Psist Year?The Showing Made. Columbia. S. C.. Nov. 24.?The annual report of State Treasurer W. T. C. Bates was issued yesterday. To all the people of South Carolina it is of interest, for it shows everything in connection with the management of the State government for the past year. It is interesting to note that the State received $43,423.88 from the sale of fertilized privilege tax tags during the year, the largest purchasers of tags being the Ashepoo Phosphate Co., the Atlantic Phosphate Co., the Edisto Phospate Co.. the Berkeley Phosphate Co., the Globe Phosphate Co., the Greenville Fertilizer Co., and the Stone Phosphate Co. It is also noticeable that the litigation expenses of the Attorney General's office were this year $5,608.02. It is noticed also that $4,yo:>.U7 is charged up with having been expended for the Governor's contingent fund. The general fiinancial exhibit for the year is as follows: CASH RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING OCT. 31, 1S94. General. taxes, 1892 and 1893 and back taxes S932.13S.20 State dispensary 463,911.19 Phosphate royalty 37. S27.13 Privilege tax on fertilizers. 43,423. S8 Direct tax interest received from United States 17,919.92 Morrill fund received from United States 20,000.00 Insurance license ;fees.... 10,000.00 Railroad assessments for Railroad Commissioner. 7.15G.G1 Fees office Secretarv of State 3,017.20 Commissioners' Sinking Fund 1,500.00 Loans,Governor and State > Treasurer under Act'93. 100,043.49 Other sources 2,662.55 Total ?1.661,100.17 Cash balance Oct. 31, '93. 227,72S. 55 sl.SSS?S2S.72 CASH EXPENDITURES, YEAR ENDING OCT. 31, 1S94. Legislative expenses 37.402.IS Public printing 31,461.03 Educational, charitable, penal and sanitary institu tions ana expenses zajt.ozo.s* Clenison Agricultural College 64,941. OS j Interest on public debt and expenses 269,755.56 Brown consols due July, '93, principal redeemed. 108.146.42 Deficiency stock redeemed 635.42 i State dispensary 485,5S0.30 Salaries Supreme Court, Circuit Judges, Solicitors State officers, County ors, etc 149.317.70 J Investments for sinking fund, for reduction,etc., of the Brown 4 1-2 per cents under Act 1892... 25,400.00 Contingent and Stationery and stamp funds, execu Li V C UU-lV/d O, KJ Court and other olficers 0,541. IS Pensions 52,169.70 Artificial limbs 5,016.50 Direct tax claims, Act 1SS4 and direct tax fund 14,746.21 [ Refund taxes and overpayments refunded County Treiisurers 9,30S.0S Special funds 5,676.10 Loans : 15S, 153.52 On other accounts 25,995.23 Total .$1,685,572.48 Cash balance Oct. 31,1S94?. 203.256-24 $1,SS8,S2S.72 The following statement of the condition of the treasury at the end of the fiscal year is made; CASH LIABILITIES, OCT. 31, 1894. Interest due and not called for, viz.: On consols, Drown ana green $117, ">19.87 On blue 4 1-2 per cent, redemption deficiencies... 3S2.19 On new brown -1 1-2 per cents, redemption brown consols 1,S94.70 On deficiency bonds and stock 237.00 Total $120,034.21 Dispensary, State 21,109.15 Sinking fund Commissioners 43,503.00 Sinking fund for reduction of the Brown 4 1-2 per cents, under the Act of 1892 25,275.23 Direct tax fund 13,500.S9 Direct tax fund interest... 17,919.92 Direct tax claims, Act '94. 7,202.79 Brown consols, due '93, outstanding 0,753.97 " A .1? i? :oo jjenciency siock, uue oo. outstanding 21.08 Morrill fund, balance .... 8.152.70 Loans (interest to be added) 50.000.00 Interest from July 1, '93, to July 1, '94, on ?266.647.71 Brown 4 1-2 per cents, liable to be issued for principal and interest of old bonds 11,999.15 Privilege tax on fertilizers, balance 558.76 Special accounts 1,383.60 Balances of appropriations undrawn not included above 74,679.13 Total cash liabilities $402,215.0S CASH ASSETS OCT. 31, ;1894. General account $64,316.73 Commissioners" sinking fund 43,563.60 Sinking fund for reduction etc., of Brown's 4 1-2 per cents 25,275.23 T4icr*?>n?flrv S C/.......... 21.169.15 Direct tax fund 13,500. SI] Direct tax fund interest... 17.910.02 Morrill iund S, 152.70 Redemption brown consols 7,112.43 Redemption deficiency stock 303.23 Privilege tax on fertilizers 558.76 Special accounts 1,3S3.60 Total $203,256.24 Net cash liabilities Oct. 31. 1894, say *19S.95S.S4 LIABILITIES OTHER THAN* CASH OCT. 31. 1S94. Brov,*n 4 1-2 per cents. redemption brown consols $5.52S. 670.58 Blue 4 1-2 per cen ts, redemption deficiencies. 400.000.00 Agricultural College " stock, Colemson Col ; le^e 95.500.00 Agricultural College ! stock, O-aflin College. 95.900.00 Clemson College perpetual fund stock 58.539.39 Green consols outstaudin q-. *320,236.54 Less estimated invalidity... 295,359.20 30.877.34 | Bonds and stock (principal with interest to July 1, 3893) liable to be issued for old bonds and stock not included above 2GG. 047.71 j Total ?6,470,544.02 The "general remarks" of the Treasj urer arc as follows. "It will be seen that under the authority of the act of 1893 a further loan ' of money was effected by his Exeel| lency the governor and myself during the year just closed. The loan and o verdrafts reported last year have been liquidated, but a note for ?50,000, with interest, will become due January next. "In fulfillment of the contract made by act of 1S92 with the holders of the new brown 4i per cents, issued for redemption of the brown consols, the phosphate royalty received from Janu ary jl, nas oeen piacea w> tne credit of the sinking fund for the reduction of the said bonds and stock to the amount of ?56,373.73, of which the amount of $25,400 has been invested in securitiesas required by the act by the commissionsrs charged with the performance of that duty. "For the disposal of the amount received from the United States government ($17,919.72) on account of the direct tax interest, some legislation may lie required.'' PLANT LESS COTTON, j | Some Data I'por. "Which to i 5a.se Judgment Given. Montgomery. Ala., Jnov. 21.?Commissioner Lane of Alabama lias issued bis address to tlis cotton growers of the South, "which was authorized by the late meeting- of' cotton growers held in Montgomery. He says: This convention was called by myself for the purpose of considering and devising means through which Southern cotton growers might protect themselves from the many unfair devices used to depress the values of our A hpu A r\S*4- WllAYVl "T11 Ar^ f AY\ A V^IJLICl auxpic. AJU.C UULVOt VXAXXJUL^U.t VIA^ being1 ficticious reports fabricated in the main cotton markets sent out by cotton exchanges and emanating from the minds of men who make a precarious living as the bears on the cotton market." He then quotes largely from printed estimates sent out by interested parties as to the size of the present crop and shows by figures, that it will not amount to anything like what is claimed. He shows by the following statement the benefits to be derived from the producers coming together and acting in harmony. Consequent upon the enormous cvm in tion was held in Memphis, under the auspices of the Mississippi Valley Cot ton Growers Association, ana its results as was the result of the recent convention at Montgomery, were eminently satisfactory to all engaged in it. The express purpose of this meeting was to take action towards the reduction of the cotton acreage. How well it succeeded in its effort the history of cotton crops will show. A decrease in acreage followed the ensuing season of 1S92-93 3,456,439 acres, an acreage that is larger than is planted in any one State with the exception of Texas". Pursuant to the Memphis cotton convention, cotton advanced sev J ? - X)n>?ononf euieeii pumus hi imcc uajs. -j. iuou&ub to the Montgomery meeting, cotton values advanced twenty-seven points. Whether these two occurrences were coincidental or whether they were caused directly or indirectly dv these fanjiers in convention assembled is for the country to judge?but to my mind, it is a practical demonstration of a fact that the vibrations of the cotton market are as sensitive and responsive to the touch of a convention of practical fanners as they are to the manipulation of metropolitan fakirs. The dominatingquestions confronting the fanners is, iirst to refute the iniquitous reports being sent out by unscrupulous persons, and bearing down present prices, and secondly to co-operate in an endeavor to again decrease i 1?a;? ~ tue acreage oy pianmi^ me sumc emu producing more "home consumption" crops. Over-production encourages and fosters manipulation?and it should be the effort of every intelligent and patriotic citizen of the South to enlist all the. instrumentalities available to resist this current that is insiduously day by day drifting us into the vortex of povei'ty and destitution, and I respectfully solicit the help of the press and the kind co-operation of all thoso interested in the material wellfare of the South for oK-idonpo in -flio UIV1L CWOiOUVi 1VV All HIV ? of this "consummation so devoutly to be wished.'' That the present low prices of cotton are abnormal is plain to all thinking men, and certainly so if the well accepted rule of political economists applv?''the cost of production of an article is a fair standard of its value." The total visible supply in the world is 222,205 bales less than in 1893 and (505.414 less than in 1892. The currency and tariff questions are virtually settled and all the indi1 cations at present point to a speedy rerv 1 ia/nrl llUil VI L11V cotton prices must naturally rule higher. j We are of the opinion that after all ' this matter can only he accomplished hy independent individual action. ' stimulated by intelligent argument, and I shall undertake to prove that to ' a great extent.it is the over-production of cotton in excess of its consumption that is causing the fallmgoff in values until it has reached that point which makes it less than can possibly be pro1 duced by the Southern planters. ; He concluded his address by saying: 1 "The convention at Montgomery acl1 journed to meet at Jackson, Miss., on the second Wednesday in January. ; 1895, when and where we will endeavo r\oi>mamw?t. nvrrnniyn UI LV iinv u ' tion under the name of the Southern Cotton Growers Protective Association. "The various governors of the Southern States will be requested to appoint four delegates from each Congressional District and three from the State at large. The Commissioners of Agriii-owo rJ-c-ipft nypsi dents C v > V VAUVW^* I - ?? for their respective States. I urge upon all farmers and others interested in this, movement to attend the meeting at Jackson as it is a question of the gravest importance to the com mon country." J KNOWS HER VANTAGE! _ ; JAPAN IS NOT DISPOSED TO SURRENDER ANY OF IT. The Plucky Kingdom of tfce Eastern Seas is Verv Much OMiceiJ tn ITnola Com l>~* Can Manage its Own Little Affair?Don's Sen-ices Will be Allowed China. Washington, Nov. 21.?The State Department has received a cable reply from Japan through Minister Dun at Tokio to the United States' suggestion of mediation. The Japanese Legation here has also received from the Foreign office in Japan a cable stating that a reply has been made and giving * its terms. Both cables were received here Sunday afternoon. The cable to Secretary Gresham is accompanied by unusual dignity and formality in having the imperial ' -||||| sanction of his Majesty, the p~i? Emperor of Japan. It is rarely that the Emperor speaks in diplomatic negotiations, so that his action in this case is evidence of Japan's desire to . express its appreciation of the course of the United Ssates. J The message is in two parts, the first giving the imperial expression of good will and saying that the success of the Japanese arms had been such that China should, approach Japan directly. The second part is more directly from Minister Dun and expi-esses the view of the Japanese Foreign Office that as China has no Minis- < I x T ?. tcr at Aoivio uj suumii a aireci proposition it could be made by China through Minister Dun. The cable to Minister Kurino is substantially the . same as the foregoing. v --*H The replies were decided on ata special meeting of the Japanese Cabinet on Saturday, and were sent from ToIrio Saturday night but the transmission delayed them until Sunday. The tone of the reply and the expression of imperial good will give much satisfaction to the officials here. - ; and now that the facts are known no further reserve is maintained as to the terms of the negotiaiions which have hitherto been withheld. It appears ' that at the outset Secretary Gresham consulted Minister Kurino, as there was no desire to take action which would be otherwise than agreeable to Japan. At a conferencs between the Secretary and the Minister, at which Secretary Carlisle . was present, the entire purpose of this country was w^orla/>1 fioY? rnr,- > jiuau^\/ival? jlxjlio ?y cio ^ au i , jl w ham had sent the message to Japan suggestin<rAniercan mediation. It was . r clear that President Cleveland had no . ; desire to medidate the trouble, hut on the contrary felt that the exercise of the good offices of the United. States might entail a sersous burden and re- v sponsibility, and possibly excite ultimate feelingby one party or the other. Under these circumstances no action Crfeatg ail a%Vk\V^M~SIlLLUlUli.1 xaiuV ^ ular stress was laid on the fact that Japan would be entirely free to act as ' she saw fit, that there was no pressure to have her accept American media- \' tion and that the entire proceeding S was due to the belief that this countrywas in a position to render a service to both belligerents. These sentiments were cordially reciprocated by Minister Kurino so that . ^ Mr. Gresham had the co-operation of al* a +ll/i tv)ac. cue octpct-ucac m ini.iici ui<^ xu^> sa^e was transmitted to Japan throngh Minister Dun. Since then the Minister has further co-operated with the Secretary and the kindly reply, with the imperial sanction is the result. A new and important situation is now presented by Japan's proposition that China make a direct oner through United States Minister Dun at Tokio. This makes Mr. Dun the interesting centre of negotiations from this time forward, unless the United States should decline to allow him to act as ? -J * ? * >? nViir?o me tuxecb iepxT?c.u?i/w.vc ui vimm UA submitting an offer. This is not an; ticipated. nowever. It is said that the usual course would be for the State Department to notify Mr. Dun, and also Minister Denby at Pekin. that li tliey wei-e at liberty to transmit from China to Japan such directpeace overtures as the former desired to make. It would then be for China to formu- ' late its offer to Minister Denby. He in turn would transmit it to Minister -sj Dun as China's direct offer and not as v an intermediary offer through, the United States. The State Department undoubtedly would be apprised of the action of Messrs. Denby and Dun, but would not be the channel of their . communication, as it is the basis of ' '3 Japan's new proposition that the offer come direct from China and not through the mediation of the United States. The reply of Japan is so conciliatory and receptive tlkt it is pointed out that Dun's skill as a diplomat has scope for conspicuous service in terminating the war. The action of the European powers on the ne>v phase of the question is now awaited with much interest. Japan's suggestion that Minister Dun will be an acceptable medium of communication from China in effect eliminates Great Britain, France and the other powers from being factors in the negotiations. It is believed, however, from official information received nere tnat Kussia, itaiy ana vjermany will certainly look with favor on Chi- . * na's dealing through Minister Dun. The same sources indicate that Austria probably will give her adherence, as her membership in the Triple Alliance makes her foreign policy similar to that of Germany and Italy. The position of Germany has been soclosely analagous to that of the United J States that it has been a question of 3H doubt v.*ithin the last few days whether Germany might not be substituted for the United States in the offer oi - \ ? meditation. As there is to be no mediation. Germany's position still re- ;1 mams lavorabie to an adjustment aloag the lines suggested by Japan. Italy has already notified the allied powers that she cannot conseut to forcible intervention, which is equivalent ^5 to a declaration in favor of a peaceable settlement, snch as would come through China's offer to Minister Dun. It can also be stated positively that Great Britain has favored the reecnt offer of mediation by the United -S States 011 the grounds that it is presumed it would s?.ve China from utter destruction and thus preserve the British trade with China. Under these circumstances it is believed by officials siiiu. uipjA->iiiau> ? nu lauu uai ?xwx all the correspondence that the European powers cannot with propriety interfere with any offer which China wishes to make directly through UnitStates Minister Dun.