Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

^ VOL. XLVIII. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 20 1894. NO. 45. fcr. DESERT THE DEMOCRACY. fig THAT IS THE ALVICE OF A DISGUSTED H DEMOCRAT. ft Hopeless cl Be'let Throneh the National Democracy, He Advocates Udvn Wt h Popu]l?ts?Ptcultar Views Strongly Statul I Columbia, S. C., Jane 13.?Tbe letter below was published in tbe State of iast Monday. The State editorially says it is a remarkable tetter, still tbe more remarkable because it proceeds from a lawyer and a Straightout Democrat, wno is known ro us as an honest and earnest and conscientious man. Here is the letter: To the Editor of the State: Tbe decision of Congress against free b?nks is a fateful turning point in the affairs of political parties in the United States and most particular in this State. The developments of the past twelve months bave wrought a great change ~ anfl fpplinca tif IT UV. if riU VUV livnu if'-,1 w not most, of oar conservative South Carolina Democrats. We no longer regard the designation "Cleveland Democrat" as a proud badge. The bugle call to the defense of ".National Democracy" once awaited with eagerness, no longer could wake in our hearts a ready response. We are as unanimous in our disgust with the so-called Democratic administration as we were in our loyal enthusiasm for it a year ago. w? hnvft hpheld the uartv's principles f Ignored, its pledges violated, corruption (or at least sectional and class selfishness) rampant in some departments or government nose presided over by this lime-honored and hitherto much treated and well beloved party. At _ last we had only the State bank -tax repeal to place our trust in, and we M were looking with alternating hope and fear as the day approached for the execution of this promise, which was, after all, merely to restore what had * 1 -c?11? no hnt. tr% oeea uxuawiuuy umcu uum return it at a time when it would be such a reliet that oar hearts swelled with thanks for it as a beneficent gift. Alas, bitter disappointment! 2sero fiddling while Rome was burning is a weak counterpart of the present spectacle. W As meo, we must do more than reI pine. Perfidy must be rebuked, beI trayal punished, the faithless in office V taught a terrible lesson. Else what fi hope for the future 'i wnat guarantee thi.t political servants will not again refuse to do the work which their mastery have appointed and paid them to do? What means of securing the legislation which the people decide upon? What ground for voting for a party because of approval of its platform? What hope of preserving enthusiastic confidence in party or in leadership (so essential to a high morale in the ranks of an army) if the rallying cry is still to be that which by s td experience has become inseparably associated with craven impotence or unblushing treachery? Hope, trust, redhot fusion of hearts into one great purpose to do battle against the common ene} my are impossible to an army demorL ^ alized by such leade:shlp, unless it be P > completely reorganized and given new officers in whou conOdencemay be H| placed (if not by knowledge of itsber ^ ing deserved, then by the absence of r " knowledge of its beiDg undeserved.) But the people's condemnation of faithless leaders, in order to serve as a wholesome warning for the future, cannot safely discriminate Dei ween leaders and party, exponents and the thing itself. A party must be judged by its performance, and, failing to carry out Its pledges, for whatever reason, should be repudiated in disgrace. The corruption or incompetency of its servants is its corruption or incompetency. It matters not that we< are pained to give up our historic party and that the principles professed in the platform are still our principles. The ready free lance of the independent in politics is the best stimulus to healthful vigilance in pursuit of the right path. Any attempt to cling with affection to a discredited party ana to reform it from witbiD, to degrade its recognized leaders and tubauiute new ones is up-bill, unwise and wellnigh Utopian. Revolt in the ranks and a stunning blow alone teach the needed lessons. Opportunities are not tote ignored with expectation of their return. A party which after thirty years of i striving and waiting is given a brilliant opportunity must use it or never have the impudence to ask for it again. The Democratic party has damned itself. No one can satisfactorily explain ^^ Wv* )nn{n/t oil xne presetu puunu uuaiao uy .ayiug au blame on leaders. It is evident that its members are discordant and are yoked together unfitly. For those in i jA its ranks who adhere to original prini - ciples, believing that there is still in I them life and promise, it is folly to ' seek to hold up their standard against triumphant and entrenched treason. The faithful should draw out from surroundings which, like tbe Augean stables, it were the task of Hercules to purify, and separating themselves from degenerate companions, should draw up their line of battle in a new field and rally to them all free and bold spirits who would fig&t tne nostne garrison of the perverted government. Rebellion finds a response in the manly heart. A bold stroke for the y right arouses enthusiasm. A new organization is instinct with life, is not Hampered with the dead weight freight that m time it gathers. Ody the wideawake acd dead-in-earnest take tbe step. The slave to habit and the half ora loft- hnrrten drum thP uoaivvu uiv ?VAV wv ? old organization. The new broom sweeps clean, and the new machinery will move off with the perfection in every detail that comes from the application of the newest improvements % without t he drawbacks of patched w ork and cramped quarters. New wine can cot be put in old bottles. The apathy, the grove-like administration of many details that narrowing precedents and growing negligence bring, the ever looking back with hardly a glance forward, the unconscious individual subordination oE thought to habit and authority, the stagnation and decay will [ be left; and by as many .Tears as were 1 necessary tor the accumulation or tms y collection of evils, by so maDy years at least-, shall we probably be in a better party than we are in. Such is now, I believe, the spontaneous, though prooably undefined feeling of us ail. Bat what shall we do? There can nardly be a dcubt that had we arrived at our present feeling in national affairs without our experiences of the past four years In State poll| tics, we should be" clangoring for a ^ new party or an muse wao wisa 10 check this legislation in the interest of the few moneyed men of the conntry, and consequently against the great middle and lower classes and against whole geographical sections. We would take our stand against the enemies of our State and the enemies of the hon^ esc, struggling, but on-eapital dependent masses of the people of the United States. We should put, life into the hackneyed phrases, "government for the people," and "equal rights to all, special privileges to none." We should point with pride and threatening warn- J ing to the fact tbat we of the South are the true modern representatives of theherces of the revolution; that the population of the North,in large measufe forelgnized, or el3e rendered unfit for responsible and beneficial government by the abasement of individuality consequent upon the modern trend of the politics of great municipalities, may be willing to submit to the rule of their favored "few, but that we are not of the stuff to submit to being IODger made their slaves by the suoversian of the general government. We should welceme the assistance- of the West I and of the bold-spirited and uncorrupted, though somewhat ignorant or erratic primitive classes of all sections in a righteous fight to settle the question. 'Upon what meat doth this, our C?3ar, feed that he is grown so great ?" Alat! does not truth compel the recognition of this as very much the position of a great organization of the agricultural massc-s of the la3t few years? We saw no justification for their position when tney 100s u, wo saw much to condemn in the extremes to which they seemed to be going; we tried to suppress their "uncalled ior" rebellion; we felt righteous disapprcbation of them; we became prejudiced against them; we shall never fiad it easy to say that they were right and we were wrong, or even that they were partly right and we partly wrong. It is human nature: "Can anything good come out of Nazareth?" Honesty compels the follo wing con fTTQ IflOOt fcV. CtiSSlUU LU UUUSO LV nuwiu nv *vmm v x pected ever to concede anything l (1) We felt secure in the ship of State except tor the tariff leakage, to which alone were we aroused. The Farmers' Alliance movement first sounded the alarm that called attention to our financial laws as bringing us to the verge of wreck. Yet little heed was paid till we were caught in the whirlpool, and cries from all sides then so drowned the first note of warning that few gave the credit of it to a source so "unworthy of recognition." Who of our faction the need of more V1VU UyyA vW4MU v?? money, of elastic money, of "local money as bearing upon the prosperity of our section?the depression of business enterprise? It was all new to u;j, we had not studied it and we ridiculed those who, though not as well educated as we, prated of it so learnedly and confi- . dently. ''Respectable" authorities are everywhere now pressing these three points. Who of us knew the relation of umoney" to commodities and to gold and silver, the robbery of debtors as well as creditors that results from a variation or tnese re:auuus, tuo iav>b that gold had appreciated as much as silver had depreciated, that our gov- ; ernmenthad let "monev" appreciate with gold, and that hence with the gold standard the debtors are beiDg robbed fully as much as they would "rob" creditors if "money" were depreciated to the basis of silver by its free coinage? If robbing must be done there would be less cruelty in inflicting it upon creditors. The masses of debtors who seemed to wish thu3 to retaliate might be reasoned with and urged to go no further than securing justice, but they should not have been goaded with denial of the truth or their cootention that they are victims and with epithets for wishing to make the "other fello ws" ! change places with them. In their just ; and desperate determination to get i themselves out they are excusable for not first dev'isiDg absolute safeguards against employing means that might < get them out at the expense of others, i especially when they believe those oth- , ers have put them in the hole. (2) Who of us thought of the income : tax until brought to the front by those people? If it and certain other ap proved new oemanas were aearwi.y untried out by the democrats, our party would have gotten all the credit (the poor pioneers being lost sight of!) and i proved itself the people's party, leaving no room for the ''People's narty." The income tax has been shown by Mills to be intrinsically just, but its happening i ~ 1 ? ? AArfr>i n oaoHAno tu uear cmcuy UJJJU o^uwuo and classes renders it peculiarly right at this time, to offset in a measure the streams of money that have flowed and will flow from South to North by pen- , sions, from poor to rich by protection. (3) These who have charged that dealing in f atores causes a combination of capital to fix prices and injure the producer and is also a means of corrupting legislation, and that the money power ("Wall street") doe3 consciously ana systematically mauuuiaiw agaiuao the people in insidious ways are no longer to be regarded as "fools" charging "absurdities." We now approve these sentiments coming from other lips. (4) The warning against Cleveland as "the tool of Wall street" though at the time indignantly resented by us all as cot only a slander but a gratuitous in suit to a noble man, has been justified by time; and, though we may not endorse the Insinuation of turpitude, we owe recognition to the prophetic insight and the courage of those "infamous resolutions." (5) There is enough of common ground in our present views aod the views of the turbulent pioneers whom we have denounced to give us some qualms of conscience, some humiiia*" * * ? C rx A}] An*- ClAryi o auuu ul yui' pnuo ui ovlll^ generous impulse to fellowship iu union for a common cause. In fact the agricultural uprising (little as we realized it at first) is now seen to have inaugurated a revolution. At the close of a century its undercurrents of thought are forced to the front. Virile thought is now ripe in our country. Struggling1, rebellious ideas are clashing with those that reign. Change, mnro r?r Ipsa radical is nnnn us. "For revolution there is always cause. When the blinding confusion of the storm has passed a Uod-sent, tnan developed truth is seen to have been enthroned by it. The wrong that in its evolution accompanied it is for the most part left behind?the world has taken a step. The stouter the resi3tence to the revolution by those who wickedly or from want ot sympathetic appreciation oppose the change its success involves the more is its human passion lashed, its flood tides of wrath piltd up, its power to overcome increased by mutation of more delicate energies Into the resistless energy of rude violence. Could the conscientious men who fight it at every step until its spent force bursts with destructive fury see the good in it and unite to strengthen the hands of the conservative revolutionists who seek only this good, the step forward in the world's progress would oe taken without incurring the lameness that usually results and impedes its making the most of its new vantage ground. Since now we have reached a point in the progress of the pending revolution to see with some distinctness a worthy goal, which must now sicn become more and more visible, it is our duty to speed its attainment. In our own State we shall remove a fretting obstacle, we shall give counsel in friendship (and in no other guise will it be heeded) to discard c-xcrescent fallacies, to srtnf.h hmtal virslprtop cmiriA most, directly and with least possible incidental evil the great Truth to its throne (6) When one has come to think, then one cannot desire a complete return to the quiet, unenterprising leadership that was succeeded by the pres- > ent foment. The country is in the * throes of travail to bring forth a better order of tilings, ana tnera are now few who do not, look forward, more or less vaguely, to a new birth that will be a blessing. We would not .wholly change doctors and iisK a miscarriage. Whatever personal repugnance we may still have for such doctor?, (not of our : CDOOSlDg; we leei a uertaiu uua^auuwiedged, bat self-asserting faith that in the divine Providence they are the men for the time until better men have caught the proper inspiration. It is a foolish, stiff-necked pride to refuse to recognize that ?reat papular move- i ment.3 are due to the blind, "but divine- i ly guided instinct, of the masses, which, ] in obedience to the law cf evolution, direc;s them on truer lints than the , roacnri nffhP sf.ilfpsman COTlld have mapped out in advance. "The ! pec pie as a mass, have do understanding, out an unfailing instinct." Yet, j especially atter the darkly groping ' stage has been passed, there is need of the light of all the intelligence that ' can be brought to bear. 'To recognize, 1 try and guide this ins ilnctis the func- l t ion of a statesman." The "brain and < leadership" of the "minority" in our 1 State are like Achilles suiklng in his j camp, if in this great crisis they fail to i put themselves in touch with the peo- ( pie and to put forth their powers for a t victory tbat shall bring honor to the r whole State. If the fore going find response in tbe ' inner consciousness of once ardent ( Cleveland Democrats, once violent de- J nouncers of tbe Alliance, once bitter 1 haters of Tillman and Tillmanism, c tben it is tbe part of honesty and cour- ' age, of patriotism and si'if-interest t alike to speak out and work for the i success of these ideas. If tbe j national administration should g yet give ground for endorse- t ment we can rally to it, but tbe best hope of such action by it depends on widespread and out spoken defection from it. At present, however, I firmly believe that a great movement for a new party is surely coming, that our Conservatives find it now hard to resist sympathy with it and cannot much longer, and that it is now their duty to examine themselves, to refuse to be content with half-hearted with "me too's," to clarify their thoughts and speedily and vigorously assume a positive attitude. We are slaves to Tillman if his attitude must determine ours, if ills choice precludes our mas- t in? the same choice. t Another thought carries force and t gratification. A semi-superstitious belief often decides conviction, as does a v favorite prejudice. Of late we have 1 been ashamed of South Carolina?a I most unwonted and painful emotion I for a South Carolinian. Meantime, in i jest, a strange analogy was pointed out r as apparent law of her history: "South i Carolina goes mad every thirty years.' t After the laugh there has lurked a x thought that brought a twinge , Inextricable from our minds j is the association of 1830 and 1860 with f cne glorious assertion or great, principles. Could there be, hidden from our view, a principle in the third "mad" movement? In the midst of so much that we abhor, can it be that our little State is taking her stand (in obedience to fate, which has always assigned her the van) as the leader in a great struggle that shall become famed in history and extolled by men? Could it be? Should we have retarded it, have we no share in winning for her her deserved place of honor? How was it in 1830? As bitter differences of opinion prevailed then as now, but what the majority did was the act of the State and, as her collective decision, it has been eulogized by us fmm Kfatft nrirto if nor, frnm intofllcrpnt. thought?1860 was the culmination of s much the same fight, and in thirty f years the people had come to be nearly c unanimous. Yet there was still ear- c ne3t individual disapproval of the act t of the majority, though private opinion t yielded to the Dublic purpose. Peace has its duties as well as war, and this t maybe a time tnas aemanas or ioyai v citizens concurrence in the general purpose of the State. I admit that . these answers and this suggested ground for concurrence are hardly to be 1 accepted by the mind until individual . opinion has come to a degree or approv- c al of general purpose. J Let us s lake ourselves together and tfy to contribute to the correct solution I of the problem that is before the l country?for we no longer doubt that t there is a problem pressing for immedi- ? ate solution. Let us join the great i Honth Carolina Movement to reform r the United States government and < usher in the era of the Twentieth t Century. X J Riddled lrom Ambush, Hampton, S. C., June 16?Captain ^ James Mixson, one ot the best known ( citizens of. the Stafford's section, was L terribly and fatally shot near the j Steep jrfottom Oross Roads Monday nighf, while on his way home. The murdered man was shot from tne rear * with a load of buckshot, twelve of these entering his back. Considerable excitement icstantly ensued in the locality as soon as the news of the tragedy became pretty generally circulated. When Mixson was shot he called loudly for help, his cries attracting a colored man, Sylvester Jones, wno came to tne spot, to find ifee unfortunate victim frightfully wounded. Mixson was conveyed to his home where he expired in a short time. Excitement became enhanced by the mystery of an assassination whose victim was known to be without deadlv toes and as a man ofsobriety; frisndliness and industry. Efforts were at once made to locate t and capture the guilty party, ana as 1 a result Cordry Mien?, a colored man, t ha3 been arrested'and lodzed in jail ' here. The evidence against him is t purely circumstantial, but is very { stroDg. It is the opiaion that Mims t mistook Captain Mixson for a negro named Elliott Rivers, whom be suspected of beiDg intimate with his wife and had said he had intended to kill. i Mims was near the scene of the sab- ] sequent murder on Monday afternooD, j haviug with him his gun, and an ex- j amination of this gun showed that one ^ barrel had been recently discharged. t XO 15 S'llU tuat UC U'JULU ^IVC llv a-wV/uuuu of his whereabouts Monday night and ' tbat he was not at home.?Guardian. j Postponed. j Columbia, S. C., -June 12.?Argu- ' merits a3 to the cOLSiituuonany 01 ins ; registration law were appointed to be < heard before the Supreme Court this j morning, but the hearing was postponed i until the next term whicb begins on the fourth Tuesday of November. This was ] done on motion of the Attorney General who stated that he had jaat seen the supervisor of registration and did n^t i have time to prepare his return. Tbls knocks up the possibility of the movement effecting this election, even if it should be declared uaconsluu'.ional. All Were Dtowaed. Brewsters, N. Y., Jane 10.?The sisters named Maggie aad Bassie Blaney, aad Thomas Scanlon and John McC!u3key, all of Brewsters, went boating thi3 afternoon on Southeast lake, about two miles from here. Tbe boat upset and tbe four were drowned. Oae body has been fouod and a large crowd i3 looking tor tbe other three bodies. * f LABOR TROUBLES SOME OF THE RESULTS OF THE J HARD TIME'S NOW ONForeign Miners on Strike, Kidnap and 1 Maltreat Ifour worsmen?-*ve*cuiDt Deputies Killed Several Slavs? Troubles E 1st where?Trocps Called Oat Uniontown, Pa., June 10.?A bat Lie between seven armed deputies and a mob of 300 strikers occurred this morn:qj; at 9 o'clock at the Lsnont Xo. 3 corks of the McCiure Coke Company. Dae striker, a Slav was killed instantly, lud two other Si iv strikers were fatally tvounded. The deputies were surrounded md fired upon by the strikers before they shot. The incidents leading up to the battle last evening, when a mob of several """'J -? J f/*Am Tmf. JULIU1CU OUIIVCIO, mvowj uutu wuu aivm l ier worka of the Frick Company, gath s jred at the Pennsylvania Railroad de- c pot at New Haven and took prisoners t 'our workmeB, who are employed at the t verks of the Frick Company and were s >n their way home at Leisenring. * The * lames of the workmen are John Eela ley, Oliver Attleby. John Britt and j John Furlough. When they stepped ;ff the train the mob surrounded them g inrl marched them awav. The ? cur men were covered with c :halk and big placards with ''scab," t 'blackleg" aDd other epthets lettered i, hereon. Tbe men were then marched 3 hrough the streets eecarted by the hoot- t og mob and taken back to the Trotter i tad Letsenina plants, where tbey were d >araded through the streets between the sompary houses. The strikers jeered c hem aad the women spit upon them and ^ lit them with stones and clubs. They * vere even marched past their own t lomes and their wives and children per- c nitted to view them in their helpless- ( jess. j Sheriff Wilhelm dispatched Deputy c sheriff Allen with seven deputies to res- c :us the workmen. Allen arrived at 6 a >'clock. At no time wa3 he able to >vertake the mob having the men in t harge. Allen finally learned that the t nen were being passed trcm mob to * nob. It wa3 found that the fonr men ? lad been taken to Morrel and from there t o Youcgstown and then to Lsmont, E vhere the battle occurred. Eirly this t norRiog, after placing the deputies to j jrevent the strikers from taking their t )risoners elsewhere, Alien return to Uo. c ontown for farther orders and was diected to rescae the priaioners. Return, o eg to Lemont, he found two deputies re- " a mnh n? RIotto S LCatilU^ SJ Of uv?***ujj LUVU v* tjtwtwi ? i3 Allen roade up, a Slav fired at him c yith his revolver. The ball passed over 8 lis head. Several of the mob then began ' inns: at the officers. Allen'.i revolver was * [elective aud only two shot were fired " >y him. Fi?e of bis assistants came up ,, md bsgan firing with their Winchesters, sj ibcut fifty shots were exchanged, the j uob siowly advaning, the deputies rs 0 reatiDg, until reinforced by other dep ities, when a stand was made. Tbe a uob then began to disperse. Sheriff a Yhilhelm was again notified and sent f hirteeD more deputies. An nonr later e welve of the mob were arreBted and t >rooght to laii. b The Slav that was killed was foand jiog in the road, shot through the bad? , >v a Winchester bullet. Two other [j fere found in houses neaj by, both said ^ o be mortally wounded, having been hot through the thighs. The strikes re- j used to aive the Dame of the Slav killed, t >r of those io}ured. The? wanted the s to take the dead striker with h hem when making the arrest. One of he men arrested was shot in the arm. h At 4 o'clock a special train took down 1' en more deputies, and then took the 1 mounded men to the hospital at Con- ^ lellsville. Many others are believed to v iave been wounded. None of the dep uies were injured. * At 5 o'clock a posse of twenty-five ? leputies, in charge of Field Dsputies lllen, Altebaugh and Richards, armed t vith search warrants, left for Cool Spring e loll J/, after searching the Lsmont t iou3es? It is believed that four woik- t nen were taken daring tbe trouble and e Lre hidden away In tba monument J loases. It is believed that tb? four * nen at all bazaras. Several hundred ^ itrikers live fn the vicinity of Cool ? spring and a conflict may occur. Taey ? mve not returned or been heard from. P Sheriff Wilhelm said tonight that he 0 vould not ask for the militia on account j, >f today's trouble. He says he is grow- e ng heartily tired of the warfare, bat, so a ong as his deputies are not overpow- e >red will fisht away in attempting to 1 i ? 3 ? J ?. o-?i ? xmiciam peace ana uruer. oevcrai uuu- a ired arrests are expected to follow for v ,he kidnapping of the men. e At Pana, Illinois, the mining situa- ^ ion still remain unsettled. A company >f strikers, numbering: about 200, are E :amp?d on the Sibley {arm about two 1 niles trom Pana. About 500 members )f the First Rsgiment of Chicago with a g Prattling gun, arrived on special train g ;hi8 mornin? at 6 o'clolck and were fol- t owed at 9 o'clock by compantes from c JliQtoD and Bloomington, aud they are t ill in camp at the baseball park. Crowds c )f strikers are located ia the timber t md near the railroad bridge ail around t ,he city. It is variously estimated that c ,here is from 1,500 to 4,000 foreign stri lj cers in close proximity to the city and ^ ,hey can be massed on short notice. v riie local minners vow they will not en- * ;er the mines while the militia remains t n the city. So no attempt will he made g .0 operate the shafts tomorrow. A Mardt-rous Bridge. t Aiken. Jane 13.--A. brakemanona reinht traia of the Georgia and Carolina * EJailroad was killed liast aight while in c .he discharge o? his duties. He was rid- g ng on top of a box car io an erect posi- ? aon, and while the train was passing t Lhrcugh the Aiken cut his head struck c Lauren3 street bridge and he was knocked ^ d?T the car and died in a short while af- i terwards. His name is J. D Crafu, and ? t is said his home was in Charleston, rhe coroner of this county su nmoned a 1 jury of inquest this morning with Mr. f Je3se C. Petty as foreman. After viewing the bod? the jury adjourned until 12 3'clock on Thursdjy, when testimoney will be taken. Several person have been j killid by this same bridge .in the same j Thf? hrirtae is oo low and should < be raised. It is tha duty of the road to ( construct acd maintain all the bridges ] that, span this cut.?Xews and Conrier. Blowing Up Bridges. Washingcon, June 11.?A special from Birmingham, Ala., ssys: The big iron bridge of the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham Railroad, at Carbon Hill was blown up with dynamite to-day a few moments before a train reached the bridge. Bridges at PattoD, Mable Mines and other points have been burned within a few days and several attempts have been made to burn a long trestle. All these actt i are charged to strikers,whose purpose is ' is to prevent the transportation of coal.. WOFFORD'S COMMENCEMENT. 9l Lvge Graduating Clwj-An Occsfioa JLooK to be Kimcmbjrcd, Spartanburg, S. C, June 12.?The wonora commencement is aimusi pasi, md there is jov in many a student's leart tonight. Another scholastic year s ended and has been added to the :orty years of Wofford's reputation, which has been slowly but surely rising mtil today she stands at the head of ivery literary institution in the State, lltogetber this has been a verv profita)le session and instruction has been jiven to 150 young men. The managenent considers this number up to the xsual limit Th8 commencement exercises began junday with the baccalaureate sermon which was delivered by Bishop R. K. iargroveof Memphis. He read as his ext: Isaiah 116: "The wolf also shall Iwell with the lamb and the leopard - ** - -* ? ??- ^ * V* /* am/) f K A man lie aown wiui iue b.iu auu iuc ialf and the young lion and the fatling ogetber und a little child shall lead hem." He preached a very impressive ermon which was listened to by a arsre and appreciative audience. Yesterday morning Dr. James H. iirklind, Chancellor of Vanderbilt Jniverstty, delivered the literary adIress before the Calhoun and Preston ocieties. His was a masterly apeec*), poken entirely off-hand, and showing areful thought and study. His fenarks about returning to his native and were very touching A short ynopsis would ncl 1o him justice. At he n.nr.r?ln<rinn oi his address he was oudly cheered and completely loaded [own with beautiful flowers. Last night the chapel was again nwded by friends of the institution to iear the junior debate. The query: lesolyed, That the American laoorer las just reason to be discontented with lis present conditions, was ably disussed by Messrs. F. H. Shuler and G-. ). Leonard for the affirmative and 6. T fnr th#> nfttraf.ivfl. The CODQ aittee, consisting of Dr. Kirkland as hairman, decided ia favor of the neg,tive. A gold medal is given each year by he societies for the best essay and hey were awaded last nijrhL Mr. I. J. Shoemaker ot Orangeburg won he Preston medal and Mr. S. H. Mcrhee of Greenwood won the Calhoun aedal. The regular graduating exercises ook place this morning. The followag young men delivered their graduaiDg speeches very gracefully and reel ved their diplomas: 0. M. Abney, Richland, "A Remnant f the Past." W. P. Baskln, Sumter, The Royal Faculty." H. L. Bomar, ipartanburg, "Ou^Debt." W. T. Dun an, Anderson, "i'ne wandering namtrel." P. H. Edwards, Marion, -'Indiidaalis'm ia Modern Society " VV. M. illerbse, Marion, ''The Three Eleaents." A. B. Harbin, Greenville, Great Carolinians." E. S. Jones, Richind, "Our Future." G. F, Kirby, partanburg, 44 A Conquering Race." \ M. Lander, Anderson, "A Collection f Celebrities." E. M.Lanham, Texas, The Decay of the Artistic." W. Y. luckenfussjr., Charleston, "The Wizrd of the South." " W. J. Snyder, Beauort, "Identity." Smille Taylor, Flornce, "Electricitv of the Twentieth Jenttay." W E. Walker, Spartaninrg.^ar Soet." D. D. .Wallace, Richjnd. "Gladstone." W. W. Watson, Lbbeville, "Oar Estimate of Manhood." ? re Walla PharloQf-rm "Hnfl Tnf?rp?s og Purpose." B. L. Daniel, Spartaniurg, "The Force of Pqrpose." Mr. M. L. Banks of Orangeburg is Jso a member of this cla=.s and left #or tome a few days ago on account of lckness. His diploma will b3 seat to ,im. Mr. Muckinfuss is totally blind, but as finished his course at Wofford Col?ge. It was indeed a touching sigbt oseetbat man, deprived of his sight, lelivering hia graduating speech. He srlll take up law for a profesion. Oi the tweDtv graduates seven will reach, six will be doctors, tbree lawers, two teachers,one farmer and one oarnalist. Commencement closed to night with he alumni address, which was deliverd by Hon. T. M. Raysor of Orange>urg. He came with a strong, well irepared message for his brother alamii, his subject being'The Science and Philosophy of Government and the )uties of the Citizen in Relation ?hereto." He began by giving a deflation of government and showing how t was developed from the family cirle on through the tribe up to the naion. He clearly and forcibly pointed ?ut what the individual lost and gained q the organization of a general gcvrnment, showing that the true end ,nd aim was the development of the aan in relation to all the other men. ?he iron heel of the despot and the f V?o TYlQinritr luol/luliciu ux iuo juvuivvluviv mmhj perealifce oppressive ana unjus mphasized the fact that our col. ions and statutes were the law of the and and not the arbitrary rale of the leople. The framers of our coostituions were neither demagogues nor ommunists. An incorruptible judiciary is the ;reat breakwater that keeps back the urging of a devastating and riotous )emocracy. The speaker then showed ertain strong points of our Governnent and he pointed out some of the [angers that confront us. Centralizaion on one h3nd and Communism on he other were stiowa to oe two 01 too lomioaat tendencies of the time. The lower and influence of doctrinaires sad lemagogues and the willingness with vhich the people folluwed and sup>orted them was a standing menace to >ur free institutions. Hence we have he army of the unemployed, the conitant revolts against law and order and he great unrest that prevails all over he land. But there is hope m the wisdom of he people. An intelligent citizenship vill correct the evils and cast aside the irrors arisiDg from ignorance as well is the selnsh machinations of evil and I61DSQ politicians. JDLia <AUUicao icociycu he earnest attention of tlie larj?e auLience present. After his address there was a bifir banquet served to the alumli and the senior class. All the stulents will leave to-morrow. Everything now is over and once nore the old Wofford campus ia desirt:d?Register. Skinned Alive. Waycross, Ga., J une 16 ?A negro issaulted a highly respected young ady, daughter of Mr. Mose Herring of Pierce Oountv. about lifteen miles Southeast from Blacksher, early Moulay morning. After accomplishing bis purpose he "escaped to the woods, but vaspunued and caught by a mob lumbering twenty or thirty men, who, ifter hanging him awhile, toek him lown ana skinned him alive. He lived ?ix hours after the skin had been taken from his body. There is great excitement, but no further trouble is expect 2d, as it is the general opinion or both white and colored people that he got als deserts. For G >v*raor. Columbia, S. C, June 12.?It is runnnrfi/* In fntci that P,Ol. fi-PO. D LUVl^U iu v?vj ? rillman may enter the gubernatorial ace. THE MATTER OF PARDONS. SOME INTERESTING INTERROGATORIES ANSWEREDI The Fre?ld*ut of the Colorado State Board cf P?rd ma Propounds Some Questions to Governor TillmaD, wbo Answers Them, Giving H)fl Vitwa. Columbia, s. C., June 14.?The following letters will be of interest and explain themselves: Denver, Col., Jane 9th, 1894. To His Excellency, B.R. Tillman, Governor of the State of South Carolina, Columbia, S.C. Dear Sir: I would esteem it a social favor if you would reply at an early date to the following: interrogatories: First. Should executive clemency be granted in any case, except upon pusi tive testimony, as to the innocence or the convict? Second. Is a Board of Pardons, or an Advisory Board, necessary to a Governor to aid him in dispensing the pardon iDg power? Third. Should pardons be conditional or would the general doctrine of the parole system "be better for the protection of society ? Fourth. Would the parole system act as a deterrent for criminals to a greater extent than unconditional release either by pardon or by serving out the sentence Very respectfully, J. L. Appel, President Colorada State iSoard ot .rardons. THE GOVERNOR'S LETTER. In auswer to this letter Governor Till man bas written Mr. Appsl the following. Dear Sir: Your favor of June 9th propounding certain interrogatories has been received. I cannot take time to answer fully?that is giving reasons, but will answer briefly by numbers. To the first question I answer yes. Clemency does not mean, always, a par-, don. but includes commutation from a death penalty to a term of imprisonmon?' cia vail aa a /?hancrfi rtf SAllf'Mir'fl where the punishment appears excessive. There are also cases where conviction follows evidence that may appear conclusive to the jury, bat not so to the executive. The reasoning by which juries reach agreement in a verdict of guilty is sometimes altogether invisible to the executive and while the innocence of the prisoner may not rest upon "positive testimony," the guilt being equally shadowy or uncertain, I have given prisoners the benefit of doubt the especially If there was a lack of motive or previous good charac ter proven. To the second question I would say that a Board of Pardons or an Advisory Board, while not necessary, would relieve the Governor of much work and some responsibility. If such Board exists, however, it should be frequently changed throughout so as to insure a thorough examination of petitions and prevent the possibility of any trafficking in pardoDS. To the tnird question: I think under certain circumstances conditional pardons are desirable, and I have urged the adoption of the intermediate senfan/?a eraf-am ho which thfl ftfime. after a conviction is secured, is punished by a maximum or a minimum term of imprisonment depending on the behavior of-the prisoner and the evidence of his reformation. Punishment is for the purpose of reforming criminals and deterring others from committing crime. Judges are very capricious and unreasonable sometime in passing sentence, and-by such a system the Penitentiary directors could release a prisoner or recommend a pardon whenever in their judgment the purpose of imprisonment had been accomplished. To the fourth questioa: In general I do not like the parole system of conriiHnnai narrtnns. Such men are not free in the fii(l sense of the term, and I would prefer, as a general rule, absolute release or service of the full term. I have never granted but two conditional pardons. One was a man who maltreated his wife while under the Influence of liquor. The other was a boy thirteen years old. The condition in the first case remanded tbe man to prison upon proof that be drank any liquor or maltreated the woman. Of course the wire Deggea for clemency. The boy was allowed to leave the penitentiary on condition that be went to a reform school where he was practically a prisoner. Yours respectfully, B. R. Tillhan, Governor. Indicted. Darlington, Jane 13.?The Court of Sessions adjourned today, having waited since yesterday to receive the final report of the grand jary. This body has been considering various complications ' that arose from the recent tragedy here ' ' ' -- lU. nr>ka DrOUgQu ULL UV LUC wuaow?uico. jlu? final presentment made today in this case, to be hereafter known as the State of South Carolina versas the State of Carolina, was unexpected and acted like a boomerang. Assistant'Attorney General Barber was here to have the case of the State against certain citiz?ns, for firing into the Charleston, Sumter and Northern train on ths day of the tragedy properly presenter After hearing the evidence against seventeen of our citizjns in this ca??e the jury presented true bills asjainsi 1 Capt John C. Blackwell and others" for this cfltence. It will be remembered that at the time ot the tragedy McLendon, who was woanded, was carried to jail by Sheriff Scaiborongh, he having been delivered to the sheriff by the Darlington Guards, who had been in charge. Oq the day after the killing unknown nllnwe^ ?ntranr? tn lh? iall paitlCO ncit Oiiunvu vw ... , and McLenaon was spirited away. Full particulars concerning his escape were published ia The Xe/?s and Courier at the time, and oil details were giveu, even as to how his mustache was t.immed and how the change of his apparel was effected. This matter was brought to the attention cf the grand iury anri they gave it most careful consideration. Ah the result Sheriff Scar : borough and bis deputy were presented for allowing McLendon to make such an exit from duracce as he did when charged with Ibe grave cr.me of homicide, ana Meesrs W. J. W. Skinner and Simpson 1 Skinner were also presented tor having ! aided McLrndon in e fleeting his escape. Toe jury was composed of mixed material, with a majority of Tillmanites, aad gave this case long and most careful consideration. | Counstable Newbold, ha3 been working here fcr some time, and it was known last week thai the names of eighteen prominent citizens would be pres? A - 3 L ? * & -a/1 L euieu J.UI U'-iViui; uicu uu Ui? uuituvutvu, Sumter and Northern t-,ain. Nothing was known uotil today, however, of the 1 action taken in reference to the ^resent1 ment aaainst Sherift Scarborough and his deputy and the Messrs. Skmoer for effecting McLendon's escape when he . was charged with such a crime. The action of the jury seems to have been fair [ and non-partisan, and for this all thanks. , ?New and Courier. THE MILITARY COURT. . They Make Their B port to the Governor. COLUiiBiA, Sr- 0., June 13?The military court of inquiry has handed in their report to the Governor. it covers 140 pages of closely written foolscap and was received too late to publish more chan a synopsis of the fiodmgs of the co art. As to Mayor Metts the court finds that his conduct was unbecoming an officer and prejudicial to military discipline in counselling the Guards not to go f.o Darlington. As so the Governor's Guards the court says (Japt. J. H. Bateman was guilty of disobeying orders but in doing so he was influenced by a belief that to attempt to carry the company out of the army would precipitate a riot. No other officer or member was guilty of any disobedience of orders. Tho36 members who threw down their side arms in the presence of the Governor were guilty of unbecoming conduct but were laboring under great excrement. Private B. G. Mills andlLC CaLfccart disobeyed orders in not turning out under arms on March 30 when ordered to do so by their captain. As to the Richland Volunteers: As to Captain Alston refusing to put his men in line when ordered by Col. J. G. Watta the court expresses no opinion* T qottInr? that out nf onnaiHoratinn JLJ'wt* T1U? WUHV VI4V VI. VVUWAMVAMVftVM disoycd no orders' nor was guilty of any conduct unbecoming an officer. He is commended for his determination to do his whole duty leaving a sick bed. No otacer or member was guilty of disobeying orders. As to the Zouaves: Captain Caper3 was guilty of disobeying orders and of conduct unbecoming an officer in encouraging his officers and men f.o disobey orders; that wit,b tbe exception of Jiteut. Frost and a few members the Zouaves were guilty of disobeying orders. As to the Jenkins Rifles, York, they were guilty of deliberate disobedience in rafnoinn t-rt tn fVilnrr>hi? ohsn nr. 1U J. VI UUlUg VV gv WW V/V*vt^uv?M fT UX.M V* dered. As to the Gordon Light Infantry, of Winnsboro, Captain Jordan was guilty of premeditated disobedience, and is solely responsible for the failure of his company to come to Columbia. As to the Catawba R'flss, Rock Hill, Captain Reed and Lieutenant Harrison were guilty of disobedience, although Captain Reed had been elected but had not received recognition by the State. As to the Gordon Volunteers, commissioned officers and ten men disobey no orders. Other members did but from business considerations and not from desire to shirk military or the services required of them. The courc of indftiry made the following report as to the Fourth Brigade: That Brigadier General T. A. Hugenin was guilty of disobedience of orders issued by Governor B. R. Tillman March 31. He issued no verbal or written orders to any officer or company of his brigade to go to Darlington or even to turn out on March 20 and 31. That Maj. B. H. Rutledge, commanding Second Battalion, was guilty of conduct prejudicial to discipline'in otfAnWinrm AAnfAi>AnAAA rtf a^wuuiug uvvu wuiciguv^o V/L viuwciu of ..the 4th Brigade and Cipt. DuBosa of the Navy Battalion and participating in discussions xelattDg to the pro.priety of obeying orders. Maj. A. W. Marshall of the Washington Light Infantry was guilty also as Maj. RutIedge,he having attended three conferences. Capt. Schochte of the German Fusilers also attended these conferences of the same nature and is likewise gnucy. The same applies to Capt. J. J. Reagan, of the Montgomery Guards. The same report is made as to Capt. J. F. O'Gara, of the Irish Volunteers; 1 Capt. D, Macfllullin, of the Palmetto Guards; Capt. T. T. Hyde of the Sum ter Guards; Capt. F. W. Jessen, of the 1 German Huzzars. Capt Wagecer, Lieut. J. F. Liiienthel, Capt. J. E. Cogswell, commanding Company B, Washington Light Infantry; Capt. Edward Anderson. Carolina Hides, are liable to reprimand and for attending these conferences. Capt. Anderson at first expressed himself willing to obey orders and thereafter acted as to indicate his willing nees to obey all orders and his desire to respond to those of the commander in chief. Tnat except such as are hereinbefore enumerated no officer or member of the brigade has been guilty of any conduct unbecoming an officer or sol-, dler. That no member of the catling gun squad was guilty of any conduct unbecoming an officer or men. Mat Death While Dancing. Quarantine, s. L, June 16.?According to the identification of husband and brother-in-law, the body of the woman found yesterday floating in the water ore j? orc rvaaswortn is uuuui Mrs. Isaac NewtOD Lemon, who lived at 603 Sixth Avenue, New York. A number of valuable rings and a gold chain bracelet were found on the lady and served to aid in the identification. Mrs. Lemon lost her life by aptculiar accident While dancing on the pa vlllon of UlmerJPark Hotel, Long Island Beach, Mrs. Lemon and her partner lost their balance and fell into the water. She disappeared at once, and it was thought at the time that she must have been rendered unconscious by striking the rail. All efforts to find the body were unavailing until it was recovered yesterday, many miles from toe place where the accident occurred. L,oc flats Break Up a Picnic. Ketport, June 16.?The seventeenyear locusts appeared in swarms to-day in Broch's Grove, on the banks of the Raritan Bay, between this place and South Amboy. There was picnic in the grove. The locusts covered the trees and clung to the seats. 'Chey covered the dancing platforms, and in a short time so many were crushed aeneath the feet of the dancers that the pavil ion had to be abandoned. The picnic kers were discussing the locusts" when a swarm of aillions decended on then]. The insects alighted on women's hats and clothiog, and caused a hizh-kick1ns: contest not down on the bills. The air seemed full of the pests, acd the party fled from the grove, shrieking and yelling as if pursuefd by wild ani mals. Several women fainted, and were carried to farm houses. ^ A Kentucky Sensation. Lexington, Ky., June 14.?The sensation in political circles here today is tne puDiisnea statement mat ueuerai Basil Duke, of Louisville, the editor of the Southern Magazine and brother-inlaw and chief of staff of Gen. Jno. Morgan, the famous Confederate raider, has assured MaJ. Henry Clay McDowell that he will stump Ashland District for him and against CoL Breckinridge, if the latter is nominated. Maj. McDowell resides in Ashland, Henry Clay's estate his wife being the grand daughter of Clay and he has practically consented to be the Republican candidate, if Breckinridge is renominated. General Duke is a stalwart Democrat. READS LIKE A NOYEL . ;vg A STRANGE CASE BROUGHT TO ' ^ LIGHT RECENTLY. R?8ul s la Two P?rdon& Bslnx Granted oy ?he G JV<raor? Some Semantic Feitarea - ; v> ? rn? Complete S'ory in O Ch?p *f. Columbia, S. C., June 14.?A ease was brought to tae attention of Gorer- # nor Tillman yesterday the details of which read like the plot of some food M novel. As a result of the - presentation 9 of matter to the Governor a small, quiet 9 looking white man, who went Inside the penitentiary walls only two days ago as a common convict, came forth, again vesterdav afternoon, after a briefer perience of prison life, with a fall pardon in the pocket of his coat. His brief 1 stay in prison had changed his appearance very materially, for his hair had been clipped and his face had been clean shaven. The strange part of in all Is that, even though pardoned, and a free man, he does not even know what legal relations he bears toihe ytwpg woman v ^ whom he sometime ago weeded. It is truly a most remarkable case. . The story, as told to the Governor, x ^ is romantic in extreme. The man in the case is John W. Hodge, of Clarendon county. The woman is Hester , Hodge, nee Gibbes. It seems that abont two years ago Hodge married the girl, : r??ky\ in 11 "> * A rA Ka rtrtitT VtVA+'+O fH*. " VY UU lO SJZkJLM IV UC OUmiU^IJ WW ceremony being1 performed by a trial justice. Tney lived together as maa and wife and things went aloof without any trouble until a short time '- 'M ago. About four months ago a child was born to the couple. It appears that :';M there was another man-who himself wanted to marry tne girL . She prefer- _ ^ red Hodge, however, and the other suitor attended the wedding. The statement made to the Governor was - tnat cms jutea snicor, alleging inas the girl had colored biooa in her veins, had a warrant Jsssued for het -t^jj and Hodge charging them with "on- / " ^ lawful intermarriage." They were ar- ' ~-.'m rested, tried and convicted. Hodge was sentenced to one year in the peniten- , tiary. The woman was sentenced to pay a fine of $500, bat, owing to the illness of her child, the jadge released her from imprisonment temporarily without the payment of the fine. ism Upon the showing made to the Governor, there is no doubt as to Hodge's being a white man. The girl's grandmother and mother were of pure white blood. On her father's side, however, there seems to-have been a strain of Indian or some other kind of blood, the interjection oi wuicu rniu iu? uuuuj y sa extends back beyond the Beroluttonary war. To all outward appearance, and as far back as the neighborhood v history goes, no trace of any other blood bat this can be found. The girl's family has always been considered "7^ >1 white and has associated with none bnt white people. Her father fought as a Confederate soldier through the recent war. The family has always stood well in the community. These are the facts of the remarkable case as presented to Governor Tillman yesterday and. which he considered justified apaiuuu. , Now tbe question arises whether, after conviction, in the court of General Sessions, the parties to the marriage contract can now be considered legally married and whether their child is legitimate or not. It is understood that some effort will be made to hare this question decided in the conrta.? State. A SAD TALE. ; A Wretched Family, Who Trampsd to Charleston for Saceor. Columbia,!S. C,Jan9" 14.?Saaliy '*'^m morning when St. Michael's ran for early service and the air ms laden :|a with the perfame of flowers the bell of the convent of Oar Ladv of Mercy in Qneen street was rang. When the good ~ * samaratan of that holy place answered the call she was horrified to see before her the ghastliest sight of want and ? -.'M suffering that she ever set eyes upon. Her heart was touched at the spectacle before her and it was with difficulty that she could command herself to speak. "For God's sake give us something to eat, we are starving," said the voice :fjM of a child. The sister started at the words and looked into the pale, haggard f jco nf ji hntr nf nlna unmmAN Thft boy's rugged countenance was distored with pain. He looked dirty and miserable and was almost naked, his clothes hanging to his back in tatters. A thin - M cadaverous looking weman, pale and worn with suffering, held him by the hand. This was the boy's mother, poor soul! X;-J? The clotnes that hung on ber back were like the boy's pacthes and travel stained. A little old man bent with age brought up the rear. This was thefather on whose face the marts of saf ieriDg were mueuuiy suiuiyeu. an ? leaned teavily on the arm of bis so a, an elder bay eleven years old, who like H his brother, was also ragged and dirty, tired and hnngry. This was the picture that met the irnnri stater's eves. Anartvof fonr hnn. gry people stood staring her in the face. The sister's heart was touched, . _.a she called for assistance and in a very few moments .four tired souls were seated before a table on which steams! the most delicious yiands, hot coffee and rolls, a meal for a king. When the meal was over and the party had eaten their full, the mother with a deep sigh related the following sad story: "My husband, myself and two little boys lived at Marion. We lived happiiy together until my husband became sick. The little money he had was expended in doctors' bills and medicines. But that is not all, what properity we had was mortgaged to keep the wolf from the door. The blow came the other day when everything we had was taken from us. Then we decided to leave the old homestead and come to Charleston. We had no money to pay ^ our fare here and we had to walk. We || tramped tbe entire distance my sick . -53s husband, myself two boys, and when we 8rrived here we were tired and worn out. Tbe sisters were deeply toucned and expressed their heartfelt sympathy. gaj For the remainder of the morning the sister did everything in their power to make their guests as comfortable as possible. Towards evening the party of four were transferred to the station house where they were housed until an early honr vesterdav morninz when ther were sent back to Marion, there fare on the railroad having been paid, 1/he sisters collected an abundance of clothing an other necessaries for - 'Tj them and they went away much happier than when they came. '11 The old man was a sisnt to behold. Bent with age, his wrinkled and pallid 3 countenance had the marks of much iHho nnrimnt ho imAOr.O/l - OUJULdlUg, l/UC *4*7 mvwuv^ bitterly and called upon the slater to take care of bis poor wife that he was going1 to die. He asked the slater's permission to lie on the piazza. MI cant Sh walk anymore," he said,"! am going to die." The names of the party are Patrick Hanks, Marry Hanks, P. E. Hanks, and Jon. J. Hanks.?The Son.