Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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TALKS OX TARIFF. A DISCUSSION OF NATIONAL POLITICS AT THE STATE CAPITOL. The First Campaign Meeting Ordered by the Democratic 8tate Executive Committe?Good Speeches from Congressman Mansar and Senator Batler. (From the Columbia Daily Record, Oct. 13/ The throng that filled the Opera House last, on the occasion of the addresses of Senator M. C. Butler and Congressman Charles H. Mansur, -would have gladdened the heart of the biggest minstrel monarch in the country. It seemed as if the Democracy of the State had concentrated its forces there. The meeting was a complete success in every particular. While the regret at the absence of the other expected speakers was universal, the crowd weie thoroughly entertained. The meeting lasted only two hours and a half. CANNONADING AND SKYROCKETING. Main street was thoroughly enlivened early in the evening by the immense crowds that clustered here and there and sauntered to and fro. The Capitol grounds were litghted with fire works and from the College green came the roar of the cannon. The distinguished guests were met at the Jerome by the reception committee and escorted to the Opera House, the Capital City Band playing. THE MISE EN SCENE. On the right and left sides of the centre of the first row of chairs sat Col. Mansur and Gen. Butler, flanked respectively by Gen. James F. Izlar, State Chairman, and Col. John T. Sloan, Jr., County Chairman. Among the other prominent gentlemen on the stage were: Chief Justice Simpson, Governor John Peter Richardson, Secretary J. Q. Marshall, Treasurer Bamberg, Mayor Rhett, Dr. T. T. Moore, Col. F. W. McMaster, Dr. W. W. Ray, Capt. R. N. Richbourg, Capt. Wiiie Jones, E. McC. Clarkson, Col. James G. Gibbes, Col. A. P. Butler, J. P. Thomas, Jr., Major W. H. Gibbes, C. 0. Marshall, Col. S. P. Hamilton, B. L. Abney, Col. J. N. Lipscomb, Capt. J. H. Brooks, J. M. Smith, Senator C. S. McCall, President McBryde and Professors Patton, Woodrow, Sheib, Nxles, Woodward and Bolton, Major D. F. Bradley, Col. Jno. S. Reynolds of The Record, Col. James A. rtoyt, uapt. yv. u. oiarnng, james r. Adams, Col. Richard Singleton, Jos. W. Mailer, W. McB. Sloan, Col. A. Coward. Col. A. D. Goodwyn, J. L. Mimnaugh, : Col. T. W. Holloway and others. Gen. Izlar introduced the first orator of - the evening in the following words: "Friends, fellow-citizens, ladies and gentlemen, it gives me pleasure to introduce to you the Hon. C. H. Man&ur, of Missouri. It is not necessary to bespeak for him a ; cordial reception, a respectful and atten1 tive hearing, for this I know a South Carolina audience will always give." [Applaufc&l Daring the introduction Col. Mansur remained standing, and in the midst of a perfect whirlwind of welcome he walked sic-wly and deliberately to the front of the stage. His address consumed one hour and twenty minutes and was replete from Ciginmng 10 ena wun wii, reason ana eloquence. His voice is powerful and richly toned, and even in the lobby of the Opera House eveiy word was perfectly distinct. He spoke as follows: Colonel Mansur's Address. Mr. Chairman, ladies and genUggg^of the capital city of theStatg^g^^Q^ro. !?> t* of peculiar pleasure inatlfini^gysgif aj the seat of govern*3^ EflSs night, a descendant of one who, " over a hundred years ago, in one of the Northern States, joined hands with your ancestors to throw off the tyranny to which they were then subjected. I have long recognized that for many years, so to speak, there has a great contest between the two phases of civilization in the Union. I congratulate you that at this period after the war you have shown such splendid powers of recuperation, such reliance upon your self-respect and manhood, such a thorough development of your interests. Finding you possessed of such improvements as I see around vour State, with railroads in every county, evidences the truth that you have turned your attention to building up your resources, and that, although you came out of the war with scarcely a thing left save jour own selfrespect, honor and bravery [applause], yet you have rebuilt the waste places of your city and State. You are beginning to develop your cotton fields and to receive the profits that flow lrom its manufacture. On many occasions in the North and West I have heard it said that you delighted >o honor and put to the front your war-won, and scarred yeterans, giving them the post of honor, and they taunt us Democrats of the North as being allies of the Southern Brigadiers. For years I have said that they are either back in the Union or not, and if they are back in the Union, how natural it is, and should be, for them to honor their war-worn, scarred veterans of the war. Four years ago this feeling against you was sat down upon by the National Democracy, and practically that issue received a blow in the election of Cleveland and Hendiicks from which it will never recover. [Applause.] I am flad to see in your town manifestations of evelopment. I was taktn to ride this morning by your committee and saw your magnificent canal which you are seeking to develop, and viewed the two grand rivers which form your Congaree, which gives you such fine water power. I was urged to help you. I think I will be iu Congress three years longer (I have been renominated and am not very much afraid of not being re-elected), and I told your people that, so far as I was concerned, the matter would receive fair treatment at my hands. [Applause.] I heard it suggested that when it if. completed it will have a capacity equal to the canal at Lowell, Mass. I am somewhat familiar with the canal at Lowell, and if you develop your canal as you ought and" realize its full wealth and power, there is no reason under the heavens why you should not become the Lowell of the South, and control the cotton manufacturing interests of almost all this ccun try [applause], the cotton being brought and delivered from the field at your door, and from such Southern and Western States to which y ou are more adjacent than New England. There is a vast field before you for development, and I am glad to know that you are developing it. Another thing I want to suggest to you is as to the color line down here. Do not make that alone "he contest. You feel as great an interest as I do in the future success of the Democracy of the land, and you want to bring yourselves nearer to them than on that issue, so that your Senator will iot be called upon to defend you in this respect, and so that I and others in the House and others in the Senate may not say that it takes 40,0.0 white voters in each district North to send a man to Con gie&o, xuu. mat you uo it "Wim irom <5,WU to 5.000. Take heart, turn out as you would on a Sabbath as earnest, honest Christians, to do your duty; do by your country as you have done in the past and continue to do so in the future. Let it be mere a question of principle, perhaps, than i: has been, and, to a certain extent at least, k^p the color line somewhat in the backg. ound. If you do this I am satisfied that your honorable Senator will have more tire to devote to eainest and intelligent ?-^is!ation, and will be relifved from the retessity of defending his people and his section. The tariff is the great question of the usy, and it is to that I intend tonight to devote most of my time; but before touching rn that I want to sav that I have heard us you all have not had the opportunity of hearing, that you are as honest and intelli gent a constituency*as any in the land of tbe one million voters of the great Caucasian race of this country. And sooner or later the intelligence of the Union will tell and rule. The Republicans recognize this fact for the purpose of making an onslanght on you hu<\ the South, and aiy that no good can ] come out of Naztrelb; yet let one of you ! recant at the < xpe-'o of your manhood, Kt the expense of your self-respect, at the ex- ] pense of the scorn of every white neighbor, < vi? rr?i < ana join me i^puoiican party, mey win laud him as an idol to the skies [applause] 1 and honor him with the highest office, ! whether he be one of your great leaders, 1 like Longstreet, or whether he pursued a ! differcut kind of warfare, like Mosby, who i got hi-; reputation as a guerilla, and ap point them to the higaest positions?post- i masters and Attorney General?as Grant did, and everything is made lovely. Ma- i hone, who became Senator with the aid of his black allies, was for some years their < mouthpiece in Virginia. It is to your credit < that you honor your war-scarred veterans, ; that you rely on your own energies and i have no pensions whatever given or granted you, but earning your own money by your i own energy and helping to pay the 400,000 : men North who draw pensions. I have adverted to l.hese things more to let you understand that we do, partially at least, understand them in other quarters of the Union, and that we are trying to recog nize your situation. Day by day these charges are paling away before the new snirif And npw wneratian that ffl coniinc to the front. We have got to keep ourselves in power as a party upon the practical issues of the present hour. Our faith must be in the future and net in the past. The tariff! Is there any mystery about it? Many men stem to think there is? but, my friends, it is i\ very simple proposition. The tariff is the great question now before the country. It is not that we seek to abolish the tariff; we do not ask or expect that under the Constitution, but there is an imperative necessity for reform in the present tariff law. According to the report of the Treasurer of the United States, on the 1st of October this year there was a surplus of $121,000,000 in the Treasury, not one dollar of which was needed for the current exDenses: and during the month of this last September, by that 3ame report, this government collected and had locked in its treasury $11,794,000 over and above its expenses for the month. Yesterday, at Chester, I appealed to Col. Hamilton for information as to what are the current expenses of your State per annum. He brought me the Auditor's report for 1885, and we examined it and found that you paid less than $400,000 each year for the entire support of your executive, judicial and legislative departments, for the supportof your eleemosynary institutions, deaf, dumb and insane asylums that are such splendid evidences of your charity and benevolence [Applause]. And I presume your penitentiary is included in this, together with a handsome contribution to your University?all at an expense of less than $400,000. [Applause]. Now think of it, my fellow-citizens. Isn't there a necessity for reform? Every day during the month of September this government took from the people by uDjust taxation, because, in the language of President Cleveland, it is "unnecessary taxation," over and above the demands of the government, which would have supported for one year all the public State institutions of South Carolina?[Applause] ? three Hundred and sixty times tne amount necessary to run a government like South Carolina. Don't you agree with me that all this money would be safer in the pockets of the persons to whom it belongs than it is in the Treasury of the United States, subject to the tax of every schemer who has inherited a grievance or claim, coming down until it has got musty from age? Where there is a surplus it breeds extravagance, it begets corruption, and there is not an infernal scheme that is lost upon Congress to plunder the treasury of tbe country. Let us get rid of it. [Applause.] In the language of the Hon. Sunset Cox, "it is just as utterly impossible for us to run the affairs of the government economically as it would be for the devil in hell to run an ice house successf^t^T '?T I call this a raster j-ariff. and I say that J^S^rff^liighprctective tariff "protection to American labor" is a misnomer; that the tariff is a direct projection to American wealth and American capitalists. To illustrate: There is a good-looking gentleman over yonder who perhaps wants to look well m tne estimation of some young lady and he buys a broadcloth suit; his pride appeals to him to buy it; he could buy a worsted coat that would be as warm and would answer the purpose just as well. Our friend there buys a cigar to smoke at his ease after dinner. Each pays his tax to the Government the moment he buys the article. That young lady in front there, who adorns the ostrich feather more than the feather does her [laughter], she never thought that she was very loyal and was supporting the Government. Nor did that colored man when he bought the brogans the brogans for himself and a dollar shawl for his wife. He never thought he was loyal, too, and was supporting the Government. The tariff has 4,000 articles placed on it, and it works in a most insidious manner. Each one of you who has $100 in money, and could keep it in money, would get 100 cents to each dollar; but if you are a poor man and must live and spend it for the ordinary necessaries of life, you will get $53 instead of $100; the Government takes $47 and leaves you $53. From the returns of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue of 1866 we had 460,000 men who paid an income tax?out of AAA AAA ? 1 ^ *L 1A r?A Anrt ju,uw,vw pcupie uiere were uuj_y w,wu that had an increase exceeding $600. What does that show? That in this great country of ours only one person out of seventy-two earned or made $600 a year. And the "protection" is so operating as to transfer the wealth of the South and the West to the Northeast. Behind it is a system of extortion that crushes us to earth in derogation of every teaching of the Constitution. It takes a portion of our property and turns it over to another. I have made the calculation and 1 tell you that there are just eighteen persons out of every one hundred who prosper under this system. Let me show you another phase of the tariff. There is not a railroad in the United States that pays a dollar towards supporting the Federal government; there is not a National bank that pays a dollar toward the support of the government, there is not a great manufacturing corporation that pays a nickel; there is not a farmer who, od his land, his houses, his cattle, or his crop, pays a nickel toward the support of the Federal goverment. Who, then, does pay a tax to the Federal government? You have got to eat it up or wear it out on your back. You have got to dest/oy, or put in process of destruction, that article, whatever it may be, that you need for your physical comfort or maintenance before you can paj a nickel towards the support of the Government. Capital has not done this blindly; it knew what it was doing. When the war closed there were 460,000 men that paid an income tax, and th<?y represented an income of $790,000,000 l Here was in existence at that time, according to that same report of 1886, a tax of . $127,000,000 on all manufacturing enterprises. There was a large tax on every ( man that inherited a dollar from his father, uncle or any other relative; there was a legacy tax; there was a tax upon bank currency; there was a tax upon express companies. The moment the war was over, ( each and every one of these was removed, , and the burden was left to remain upon 1 the poor, which I suppose was upon the ] theory of the Bible that "the poor are with i ne alwrtva " I wili give you another illustration: Let us take two men?A and B. A is a banker, and has an income of $10,000, and by economy and close attention to little things, and by knowing the value of every dollar, lives on $1,000. B, the cashier, gets $1,000, has a family to support, wanls to get them iu society and sends his children to school, and he spends his $1,000. Each has contributed to the government $470. It is a struggle for the cashier to get along on his $1,000, but the banker has $9,000 out of $10,000 which escapes taxation, not for one year, but forever. The system is wrong. There is not a local govern ment that does not tax its citizens directly for its support, but the National Government reverses this rule. In defiance of the cry of the Republican yckk\jj bucbb i/JJLio iO a tiuoaut iVJL IJ.CC UlflUC, v I deny it. If tbe Constitution were the i subject of formation, and we cculd all have our say in its creation, then I wouldn't i be so sure but that I would be a free e trader; but inasmuch as we have a Consti- e tution, we must kneel and bow to it. I am t aere tonight to advocate reform in the tariff is it now exists. The Republican party has never been the parly of the poor man. That party exrailroads from taxation, and cave 200,000,000 acres of land to corporations Lliat are now holding them at an average of $10 an acre. Fifteen million acres are being taken up for homes every year and soon there will not be any left for the poor man to obtain. I tell you there is not a Republican in Congress who can say his joul is his own. The Mills bill will give very substantial relief to the people. I am within the bounds of truth when I say that if it becomes a law it will save to the original owners of products about $500,000,000 per annum. The tariff bill introduced in the Senate proposes to cut down from between $68,000,000 to $73,000,000, but it shows a big discrimination in favor of the manufacturers and monopolies, and it will tend to increase taxes rather than lower them. Tn lfioO the farmers of the countrv owned in the value of their farms four billions of money. Ten years after, under the lowest tariff the country ever experienced, and it was under Democratic rule, they doubled it, and in the same decade manufactories increased 84 per cent. In Pennsylvania, where protection is high, it is not true that the farmers' condition is the best. They, like the cotton planters of South Carolina, cannot fix the prices of their goods. They are made on the other side of the water, in Manchester and Liverpool. Our friends say tfist England must buy our goods. That is .true; but must that state of things continue with all the opposition we have? The opposition is great in the cattle business in South America and especially in the Argentine Confederation. In this latter country they practice the freezing of beef carcasses, 500,000 of which of wliieh are sent annually to Europe. No wonder that the price of cattle here is lowering. The wheat of India is fighting against us. Last year they grew in India 230,000,000 bushels, more than half of what we grew. So with Russia and other competing countries. In 1880 we exported 155,000,000 bushels, for which we got about $181,000,000. Last year we 3hipped but 50,000,000 bushels, and lost nearly $100,000,000. That is all due to the infamous protection. What a protection it must be that renders up nothing to the Government that supports it. But 1 find that I have already taken up more than my share of the time. I know that I have not made such an eloquent speech as I desired, or as I could have made, for I came here to do what I could to help you understand the vital question of the hour and to present it as I honestly see it. I thank you for the very pleasant manner in which I have been received, for the great pleasure you have all given me, and for the sights you have shown me. I trust, in conclusion, that you will keep me as in mamArv Qa y\-fton UQ T cViftll lUUV/ii iu Ui^/LUVi J W1VUU A wyv*?? with pleasure of my vibit to your grand old State. [Cheering and applause loud and long ] Senator Butler was introduced by Col. John T. Sloan, Jr., who said: "Ladies and gentlemen, I have great pleasure in presenting to you this evening the Hon. M. C. Butler. It is unnecessary for me to introduce this distinguished son of South Carolina. It is the high privilege of the citizens of America to know, to"respect and to admire him. I trust that bis valuable services in the United States Senate will be spared for many years to come to his nation and to the glorious State of South Carolina, which he so much loves and which he has so much honored. In saying this much I believe that I yoic&. the sentiment of the united DemoctgeTof South Carolina." [Applay^''w^ Gen. Butler was tfr'uome in Columbia a?LfUK2- 03Stituents and admirers greeted him with vociferous applause. He spoke for fifty-five minutes,. devoting his time mainly to the tariff and touching upon the administration of Cleveland He spoke with force and clearness and with his native-born eloquence. Senator Butler's Address. Senator Butler began his address by speaking of the great pleasure it gave him to be among his constituents, and said that* after the exhaustive remarks of his distinguished friend he could scarcely hope to say much. Gen. Butler said that the tariff is nothing but a tax that has gone so far that it has become extortion. He scouted the idea of the American mechanic needing protection against the pauper labor of foreign countries. The inventive genius of the former has outstripped the world. He had heard Blaine, while in the Senate, descant on the poverty of Europe's laboring classes until tears almost came to his eyes, but when he crossed the water he found the best satisfied paupers he ever saw. It is true there is poverty there, but on his return to American soil what attracted his attention first was the sight of four Irish women on their knees in a restaurant scrubbing the floor for bread. "Protection, indeed! Why, it is the protection that the spider gives the fly, which will lead to his ultimate destruction and degradation. The idea of having a surplus of 120,000,000 in the Treasury! Why, it would give employment to the million of tramps that stalk about the highways. "Out of every $100 you spend, $47 go to the support of the Federal Government. If high tariff benefits the farmer by afford ing a market for his products, I would like to ask some Republican statesman why it is that under the system of taking $47 out of every $100 he spends, he is going back and back and back. I believe farming can be made remunerative, but when $47 out of $100 is extorted by law, how can we prosper? "Another claim for the high protective system is that it makes our people inde pendent of the rest of the world. I tell you, you cannot get food enough in the States of New England to support the population for thirty days. They have exhausted the channels of agriculture in those 8tates. The surplus cow locked up in Uncle Sam's vault, unjustly, aye criminally, taken from the people, is enough to build a railroad from New York to San Francisco, and have money left. It would build a double track from New York to New Orleans. It would set in motion a million spindles. If protection stimulates Amort/ton inHiiotnoc oq tqqv it: Hapq why has cotton fallen from 30 to 9 cents, and wheat from $1.25 to 80 Gents? He wished it understood that he was not hostile to manufactories, but he does object to and protest against the government of the United States taking money from the pockets of one class of persons to place it into those of another class as a bouuty. Senator Butler then went into an explanation of trusts, and said the cotlou bagging trust cost the planter and raiser $2,300,000 per year. When the Mills bill was introduced in the House, proposing to reduce the $4"? worth of extortion to $42, every Republican but four resisted it. They said it was prepared by Confederate soldiers when it was r rally prepared iu pursuance of the recommendation of a New York man, now President of the>e United States. The Republicans had said that when the HnmA^roie rtomo intn tioTi'/?r finon/>tiU n'rvnl^ l/^uiv^imo vouxvs iui-v pw ? v* uuttuvw 'vum be crippled at:d the country inextricably confused. He had seen no evidences of 3uch condition?, but he had seen the day uuder Cleveland when the white man was made almost as good as a negro, and he hoped in the next four years of his administration that the white man will be the ?qual of the Hack man. 'We have asked for no bounty, no pensions, but the crippled Cousederate soldier bas stumped along through life doing the test he could to raise money to pay pensions for Union soldiers, and he has done it. He has relied upon his mvndtout heart and strong arui and has made no demands on my body or on any government for which le was not justified by his loyalty to that government said to be inaugurated to Dro ;ect life and to make easy the pursuit of lappiness. We have been content with he protection to life and have almost tbandoned the pursuit of happiness and we vould rest easy if we had an even chance vith the rest of the people of this governnent. We have been sim pie-minded enough o believe with Thomas Jefferson that spe:ial privileges should be made by law for lone. "If tliis system of criminal taxation is :ept up, the foundation on which the gov:rnment is built, and upon which it must xist, will be sapped and mined by conupion. Just as long as a temptation Is left to jobbers and monopolists in the presence of an enormous surplus, will this government be rc-aking with decay. The Republican statesmen in Congress belong to monopoly, and they cannot, dare not, break with it; and when they make a bill that is ostensibly to reduce taxation, they increase it on those articles in which the manufaciurine interests are mostlv reDresented " In conclusion Senator Butler said: I congratulate you on the peace that reigns in our State. Our State officers administer the law with honesty, fidelity and economy. I, as a tax-payer, congratulate myself that peace reigns, and I trust that we will go on and on in the solution of a problem which has never confronted any civilized nation before; and by mutual consideration and mutual forbearance and mutual patience we will solve that problem in peace, and, under the guidance of the great God, for the benefit of both races. But I admit that I have not the sagacity, have not the wisdom, to foresee what the solution will be. It does provoke me, I almost said distress me, when I hear intelligent men inveighing against the people of the South, making no allowances for their difficulties and trials and obstacles in our paths, suggesting no remedies therefor. Four years ago an able and courageous man was elected President of the L nited States and like a gaint he threw himself in the path of these people who were hurling maledictions on us. We have cause to thank him, for he has, in a measure, destroyed sectionalism, and diverted these denunciations to himself. I trust and be lieve that in November the majority of the American people will go to tlie polls and give him a lease of lour years more, saying "Well done, thou good and faithful servant," and returning Grover Cleveland to the Presidency of the United States, sustained by that greatest of American statesmen I have ever been associated -with, Allen G. Thurman. We may hope that at the end of those four years all the vifcil questions will be settled and that we will be relieved of this iniquitous system of taxation that is sapping the government. We can then have a country with no North, no South, no East, no West. Then we can take heart, for we will have a government as it was intended to be?all united. [Tremendous applause.] At the conclusion of Senator Butler's speech, Chairman Sloan thanked the audience and declared the meeting adjourned. It iB Merely a Private Affair? During the last ten days the sugar trust has shut down two sugar refineries in New England by order from the direction of the combine. It was done to limit production and enable the monopoly trust to maintain or increase its advance in the price of sugar. Is this merely a private affair? lnc owners 01 toe snut-ciown sugar establishments suffer no loss by closing their works aud doing nothing. On the contrary, they get the'ii full share of the combined profits of the monopoly combine and make vastly more money tban they did when running their works in legitimate competition for consumers. The workingmen are summarily thrown out of employment, but the sugar trust and Mr. Blaine say that it is merely a private affair, and idle labor must submit. Is it merely a private affair? The wheat combine gamblers have forced up the price of wheat and flour from thirty to forty per cent. The farmers who grow the wheat eet little or no bennfit of the-advance in price precipitated by the'combine, but the consumers of bread piythe adv-. nee for the benefit of the jjaibblers and every home and table otJfre land pays forced tribute to the grssi of a gambling combine. It is nuerSiy a private affair. -x/fery cent of advance in the price of 'sugar means an added profit of nearly thir ty millions a year to the sugar trust; and the same trust monoplies who tax every sugar consumer in the United States by arbitrarv combine, sell their suerars in Euroi>e for less than they are sold here. Is it merely a private affair? Every cent of combine advance in the price of wheat and flour means a tax upon every table of the country -without added profit to the farmer. It is simply the gamblers' combine to tax every loaf of bread that is consumed. Is it merely a private affair? , The wheat combine of gamblers is not the creation of our tariff laws, as we are largely sellers of breadstuffs and rarely buyers, but is gambling in the staff of life whereby the markets are uasettled and arbitrarily conti oiled purely a private affair? Is a government of the people so feeble that it cannot end the vocation of the gambling combiBe in bread? The sugar combine is the logical offspring of excessively protected refined sugar. But for our tariff taxes, foreign sugar would at once be here to undersell our extortionate trust, but high taxes on one of the commonest necessaries of life protect the greed of the combine and make the people its easy prey. Bow long a government ot the people accept either the gamblers' combine in bread or the protected combine in sugar, as merely a private affair??Philadelphia Times. A Ladylike Strike. The feather workers' strike that is now in progress in this city is remarkable in more ways than one. In the first place, it is the protest of a number of respectable and hard-working women, in an industry which has enjoyed all the advantages lhat protection is supposed to bring, against an attempt to reduce their wages materially, although they are earning only $4 and $5 a week. But apart from the valuable lesson that the strike teaches as to the results of protection, the manuer in which it is beiDg conducted is noteworthy. At the meeting of the girls who have stopped work, at Cooper Union, the chairman asked all present to be sure that the strike was conducted in a ladylike manner and that no bitter feelings were engendered. Such a reaue8t is. to sav the least, unu sual, but it is founded on common sense. The strikers?or, at any rate, their chairman?recognize the fact that their objcct is to secure better -wages, not to embarrass their employers, however unjust they may have been. They are trying to force a money concession in a businesslike manner, and the best way to accomplish their pur pose is to handle the dispute coolly and without excitement. Another feature of the strike is the fact that the girls are reciving aid from the Workingwomen's Society and a number of charitable ladies. Mrs. Courtlandt Palmer is the treasurer of the strike committee, and has made arrangements to take an active part in the movement. Altogether the strike has as many novel features as any that has taken place in the city for many a day. It ought to be successful, and it probably will be, because it is just.?N. Y. Star. The Ticket in Charleston. The following is the ticket nominated by the Democratic County Convention of Charleston: Sheriff, Hugh Ferguson; Clerk of Court, T. G. Boag; Coroner, 3. P.. Deveaux; School Commissioner, J. L. Weber; Judge of Probale. P. E. Gleason. County Commissioners: E. li. White,- Phil. Fogarty and J. P. Collins. Senator, A. T. Smythe. Representatives: James Simons, W. H. Bravriey, K. S. Tupper, J. F. Ficken, H. B. Lee, R. C. Barkeley, J. D. Cappelmann, Edward McCrady, Jr., H. L. P. Bolger, Geo: M. Hears (colored), C. A. McHugh, E. W. Hughes. The ticket is composed of eight lawyers, two merchants, one farmer, and one mechanic. Eight of the nominees served in the last Legislature. All the county officers nominated are the incumbents except Capt. J. L. Weber, who will succeed Bishop P. F. Steyens as ! School Commissioner and Mr. J. P. Collins, who will succeed Mr. I. Wittscoffsky J as County Commissioner. ] Attempt to Break Jail. | On last Friday night Jailer Weeks heard j noises that caused him to suspect that the ' prisoners, Marshal Rhodeu and Gus Cummings, who were confined in the next cell, were trying to cut their way out. Mr. < Weeks at once sent for assistants, and with t them entered the cell, when he found that i tVio nrionnoro VioH ownv ? nf flip ( board ceiling on the side of the cell about 1 eighteen inchcs square, with a piece of old t tin they had secured; and then, with a short bit of broken knife, had picked out the bricks from the wall until they had ( nearly effected an outlet:?They were at < once secured and confined in-another cell, c ?Aiken Recorder. * r \ < I WHAT SHE PAYS FOR DRESS HOW "MY LADY" MANAGES TO SPEND $10,000 A YEAR. Five Hundred Dollar Gowns, 8300 Coats, 815 Stockings, 850 Skirts, 825 Corsets I 810 Vests, Are Articles WhlchJAre Indispensable to a High Society Woman. (From the New York Star.) In this big town of ours it takes 2,000 dressmakers and one hardly knows how many seamstresses, over 300 milliners, 600 jewelers and 800 fancy goods dealers to keep "my lady" in gowns, underwear and trifles that make her the exquisite object that she is. It takes 6,000 legal minds to separate her and that man, and one hardly knows just how many confectioners to attend to her wants for sweets. Dress is a bit of weakness to be found in the best, truest and noblest of them, in the old as well as in the young. To marry or not to many in every case depends upon this weakness. Can I afford it or not depends, unless one has untold riches, on the matter of how much it costs her to gown her pretty self, and how much she will want thereafter. To dress well costs a great deal of money. Of course one can spend, if they have the wherewithal, as much money as one cares to; but to buy a sufficiency of gowns and underwear, and to buy the best quality from a "house with a reputation," takes a pretty big bit out of one's income. The ordinary necessities of a woman's ward? v - 1-~ i L..? ? i: roue, presuuiiiig uer tu nave au uuiimxtcu pur&e, -without counting the cost of gowns, amounts to no small amount, as may be seen by the following: In the first place, she will probably have four or five silk vests; they are generally of purple, or possibly mauve. They come well down over the hips; are quite as dainty affairs as one could imagine, but not so dainty in price. They are of silk, of course, and in price range from $8 and $10 apiece up. She will have a dozen pair of calcons. They will be long and elaborately trimmed with lace, and cost from $4 to $10 a pair, the range in price depending largely upon the richness of the lace. Presuming that she believes in and wears black undergarments, even if she does not sleep between black satin sheets, she will have three pairs of black satin suspenders, stocking suspenders and not garters. They will cost her $3 a pair, if not a bit more. Eight pairs of black silk stockings will coine nexi on me nsi. mey are maue plain, but the price is fancy. They will cost about $8 per pair, and, if embroidered or of a little better quality, one can pay $15. Three black flannel skirts will be necessary. They are trimmed, as a general rule, with lace, and cost $15. You can pay less, but would hardly care to after having the first part of the wardrobe fitted out 8? above. Two black silk skirts with Spanish lace will cost from $25 to $-.0? quite as much as an ordinary man's suit of clothes. A high society lady would pay $50 without grumbling, and probably think $100 for the two quite reasonable.-.. Mrs. Langtry pays $40 for a single pair of corsets. She has them made in Paris and of a special style. It would seem, perhaps, that the Jersey Lily's form was too superb for corsets at all, but she has six pair 0: them made at a time, aad those six are worn during the year. As a general rule just half as many will do, and they can be purchased at $10 a pair. Evening corsets about $5 per pair, and two pair are are necessary. They are like a riding corset, but much shorter. The total cost of the aoove wararoDe 01 uuuergannenis is as 10110W8: Four vests at $10 $ 40 Twelve pairs of drawers at $10 120 Three suspenders at $3 9 Eight pair of stockings $15 120 Three flannel skirts at $15 45 Two silk skirts at, $50 100 Tree pair of corsets at $10 30 Two pair of evening corsets at $5 10 Total $474 The total amount represents the cost of the undergarments worn only during the season. Then there are the gowns, winter, summer, spring and fall, morning, evening and driving. One cannot buy a gown from White for less than $80, and possibly $100. The same may be said of Donovan and others who are patronized by society. "An $80 gown! Bah! Think of wealing a gown that cost $80! Why, I never did such a thing! This morning gown I ha7e on? isn't it pretty??cost me $120, and that isn't much," said a pretty young woman yesterday, as she held up her hands in a deprecating manner at the suggestion of an $80 gown. She had just settled with her modiste, and here is a copy of the bill, containing a few ordinary gowns worn during the summer: 1 black and gold tulle ball dress $150 1 blue and white late summer gown.. 150 1 green velvet tea gown 100 1 black silk walking dress 125 1 black lace carriage dress 150 1 foulard silk 100 1 Bengaline dress 150 Total $925 Nino hundred and twenty-five dollars for summer gowns alone! One can imagine, then, another $1,000 paid for fall gowns; half as much, if not fully that amount, for spring gowns, and from $800 apiece up for each ball gown and ordinary evening costume. Bonnets may be purchased at $25, and quite pretty ones at that, but "my lady" pays $50, $75 or $100 apiece for them. After all, a good bonnet, trimmed with real lace, French flowers and hand some ornaments, is worth at least $50; and if it be particularly becoming, and the wearer looks paiticularly kissable, husband will pay the bill. Then she will want a set of Russian sables. They are to be all the fashion this season, and don't cost the wearer much. Something like $1,200. It seems like a pretty big sum, but when one can afford to pay almost any reasonable amount for clothincr. one will hardJv stOD at such an item. Besides, the following will be needed: One empire coat $150 One Scotch plaid frock 100 One capcine cloak 225 One silk and brocade empire costume. 350 One Rtisbiao coat, with gray crimmer. 300 $1,125 By adding the $474 for undergarments, the $925;for summer gowns, and the $1,125 for the frocks and coats, tie sum total will be $3,724. This does not represent the bonnets, the footwear, tbe wiuter, spring and fall gowns, nor the ball dresses. These together would figure up to almost any amount one could imagine within a reasonable sum. A very wide range has to be allowed for ball dresses particularly, but, allowing a fair number of them at a fair amount, would soon bring the figures up pretty nigh to the $10,000 line. In this jewelry is an outside consideration, of course, for it would be impossible to put it down at any stated miiu. '1 lie good woman who s ends from $3,000 to ?>; (Ml nur cnnnm ,.n ..... Jl,, as can l>e seen, wear the same uuricrwi ar ** thu other women, oul would have to reduce a bit on her gowns. This she certainty could do very easily au;l quite a;; fetching. Alter all, some of the neatest and best appearing young women ou? meets oa the streets or avenue dress on much less than $1,000 per year, and would think it a great fortune if ihey had that amount to spend. They don't wear black silk underwear. They don't pay $8 a pair for stocking, aud their skiits are not edged with rare lace. The $500 a year woman makes her own dresses or has a seamstress come to the house, and the totter is paid $1.25 per day for an ill-fitting garment. A great trick of the trade is this, the padding of a bodice to make an ill-shaped wonoau 1 wear the form of a Venus. A little cotton tiere to fill out a hollow, a bit of a gather : :here to make it even, and my lady's bad : form is made quite perfect. Everybody ! ikes to seee a well dressed woman. j jua8i ounuay nigniaoounwo o ciock me ;otton house of Mr. Caswell Hays, at Lit;le Rock, Marion, County, was burned, to ;etber with about twenty thousand pounds j >f seed cotton. The cotton is not a total . oss as It thought that about ten bales can ? sayed in a merchantable, thought some- , ^hat damaged, condition. ( The Republicans of the 2d Congressional listrict of this State nominated 8. E. Smith, of Aikeh, 8. C., for Congress. A letermined fight for his election will be t made. v j THE STEAM HAMMER. Something About a Powerful Machine and Its Inventor. The roll of modem inventors contains no more attractive name than that of the sturdy Scot who invented the marvelous steam hammer. The life of James Nasmyth, says Harper's Young People, was a romance. His achievements were noble, his success was brilliant and his character was so cheerful, sunny, upright and happy that it is a delight to dwell upon it. He himself hag told us, in words of simple, hearty enthusiasm, the story of his boyhood and one of the triumphs of his manhood. It is ?urious that his very name had a history in striking contrast with the actual facts of his life. One of his ancestors, it is said, in trying to escape from the enemy on a battlefield, assumed the disguise of a blacksmith. He was caught, after a sharp race, when his captor, perceiving his disguise, exclaimed: "Why, you are nae smyth" (no smith); whence came the family name of Nasmyth. Now no greater smith ever lived than this James of the contrary name, who made the steam hammer. The old warlike family motto, too, "Non arte, sed marte" (Not by art, but by war), was so entirely contradictory to James Nasmyth's pursuits that he turned it entirely around, and made it "Non marte, sed arte" (Not by war, but by art). It was, indeed, by his masterful art that he achieved triumphs more endurincr fnr t.hft pww? of mankind than anv war has ever been. Let us see what an unusual kind of a boy James Nasmyth was. He soon .conceived a great interest in chemistry. The father of one of his schoolmates had a chemical laboratory at Leith, a mile or so distant from Edinburgh, and to this laboratory young Nasmyth was freely admitted. When some interesting experiment was about to be made, Tom Smith, Nasmyth'a young friend, would hoist a white flag on a ]?le in the garden at Leith, whereat Nasmyth eagerly ran down and took part in the experiment The boys not only had a hand in the experiments, but taught themselves how to make each substance used in them, instead of buying the substances in the shops. Thus Nasmyth soon became a very skillful practical chemist At the age of seventeen young Nasmyth began to turn his mechanical talents to practical account. He made a little steam engine for grinding his father's colors; he constructed some workshop engines and the model of a condensing engine to be used at mechanics'institutes, and after attending for four or fTve years the Edinburgh School of Arts, made the model of a steam carriage for railway purposes. For it was just at that time, when Nasmyth was nineteen, that the possibility of applying steam to land travel was on the point of being proved. It took Nasmyth four months of absorbing labor to complete his steam carriage, uau wueu uuuu ii< w<?> iuu ouw cessfully on the Queensbury road, near Edinburgh, carrying eight passengers, who sat upon low seats only three feet from the ground. This seems to us now a very rude and uncouth way of traveling, but when Nasmyth's steam engine proved to be a success it was looked upon as a wonder of wonders. One of the most important events of young Nasmyth's life was when he was admitted to the famous works oi Henry Maudsley, in Londor>. Mr. Maudsley was an eccentric but land-hearted man, and very shrewd m mechanical work, and his reputation was world-wide. He had long refused to admit any more pupils in his works; but he was so struck with the genius shown la the models which Nasmyth displayed to him that he not only aceepted the young Scot as a pupil, but took him into his own private workshop. "Here I wish you to work," said Maudsley, "beside me, as my assistant." Nasmyth remained with this generous patron two years, when Maudsley died. Nasmyth was now fully equipped for his liffl wnrk. He took charsre of a larcre foundry near Manchester, where he soon acquired more than a competence. He was one of those who had the rare privilege of witnessing the opening of the first railway, that between Manchester and Liverpool, and to see Stephenson's "Rocket" draw the first train out of Manchester. The establishment of railways gave abundance of work to Nasmyth, who now made locomotives for the new companies which rapidly sprang up. But the great achievement of Nasmyth'a life was the invention of that powerful steam hammer whi?h still continues to be a marvel to all who see its operation, at once mighty and delicate. It is said of this mach&? that it can chip an egg resting on an anvil without breaking it, while it can also deliver a twelve-ton blow which will make a whole township tremble. We can not do better than to quote Nasmyth's own description of this crowning mechanical triumph of his life: "It consisted of, first, a massive anvil on which to rest the work; second, a block of iron constituting the hammer or blow-giving portion, and third, an Inverted steam cylinder, to whose piston-rod the hammerblock was attached- All that was then reQoired to produce a most effective hammer was simply to admit stean of sufficient pressure into the cylinder so as to act on the under side of the piston, and thus to raise the hammer block attached to the end of the piston-rod. By a very simple arrangement of a slide valve, under the control of an attendant, the steam was allowed to escape, and thus permit the massive block of iron rapidly to descend by its own gravity upon the work on the anviL Thus, by a more or less rapid manner in which the attendant allows the steam to enter or escape from the cylinder, any required number or any intensity of blows could bo delivered." One of the first uses to which the steamhammer was put was that of the driving of piles. There were many mechanics AlA KoliaTTA t>?0+. if VYUV VUU AO.V^U i/V^UVTV vuuw AW If v?* *.? v piles faster or better than was done by the old method. So Nasmyth resolved to have a match between his steam-hammer and the ordinary pile-driver. Two immense logs were selected, and the two machines began work at the same moment. The result was that while it took the oldfashioned ma?hine twelve hours to drive its log to the proper depth, the steam-hammer had finished its task in four and a hall minutes. The invention of ffie steam-hammer not only made Nasmyth famous wherever in the world the mechanics arts are practiced, but added quickly and largely to his worldly wealth. He wa3 only thirty-one years of age, and had already achieved a great life work. Tate Care of the Tools. It may take a moment more to lay a tool nn fVirofnllrr aft/i-r ncin^ hut t>iA t.fmA.ta more than equalized when you want to use it again, and so it is time saved. Habits, either good or bad, go a long way in their influence on men's lives, and it is far better to establish and firmly maintain a good habit, even though that character has no special bearing on the moral character; yet all habits have their influence. Woman's Rights In Missouri. Judge Davenport, of Kansas City, has decided that women can wear trousers whenever and wherever they please in Missouri. JetTerson Davis and His Daughter. Miss Winnie Davis will not, I learn, yiait New York en route on her return to her latiers norne, duc wiu go curecr. to Beauvoir, Lousiana, where the "uncrowned king" of the South is awaiting her. Miss Davis is now her father's soitstaff. She is his amanuensis and hit. constant companion. During the last two jears he lias been perceptibly failing, althongh his mind remains as active and his intellect as agile as of yore. Miss Davis' brief snjourn in New York two years ago was, it will be remembered, au important factor of that eventful season, especially the ovation at the reception tendered by Mrs. J. Harvie Dew, * here also was the artist Munkacsy and other notables gathered to do her honor. Thai; Miss Davis Las not become a bride is, I learn, solely -due to her devotion to her father.?The Epoch. There was a slight fall of hail in the * * ? i -i _rT"> 3__ n i. rM u aeignDornooa 01 vuuitu, miow Marion, on Wednesday afternoon, and ;he residents of the neighborhood were very nuch frightened by the roar of the high wind and heavy thunder and momentarily jxpected to be swept away by a cyclone, T ? f "The minister's charge"?Two dollars md as much more as the bridegroom will jive. f / DYKAMITE GUN'S. Claims by the Inventors that They Can Destroy the Strongest War Ships. (From the American Magazine.) The destruction of the scooner Siliiman at a distance of more than a mile by a charge of only 55 pound was sufficient to demonstrate the worderful accuracy of the gun when fired at a fixed target from a fixed platform. The fact ' - 3 fi mat tne Gunman was a wooaen ur?n. should not be urged againtst the gun, since, being light and unballasted, she would rise like a cork from the application of force from below. The manufacturers were anxious to demonstrate the power of their weapon to the satisfaction of the most incredulous, and asked that one of the monitors be braced and rendered as unsinkable as possible for a a target. They claimed that "at a distance of one mile we will destroy any vessel now in the United States Navy, and with larger guns which we can construct we will destroy any vessel that is or can be built." It is by no means certain that this is an exaggerated claim. A distinguished officer of the Eoyal Engineers, who hash:-..l much expcricnce in the matter of high explosives and submarine mines, bas recently declared to Captain Zalinski his belief that the immense charges carried by these dynamite shells will be effective againat the underltnllc r\f fnnnirlaVvta shins ftf: mn/Vh greater distances than is now expected. It is probable that 600 pounds of gelatine and dynamite?ten times the charge that destroyed Silliman?will be fatal against aDy ship's bottom at a horizontal distance of twenty feet. The gun is, therefore, more destructive than any of the present submarine torpedoes like the Whitehead, and much more reliable in its action. The upward effect of the explosion on the Silliman is shown by the fact that the large iron water tank in the hold was lifted and forced through the decks above, as shown in the photopraph taken after the explosion. PROM A DB LUG I ST. Paiatka, Fla., May 31, 1887. The demand for Botanic Blood Balm (B. B. B.) is such that I now buy in half gross lots, and I unhesitatingly say that my customers are well pleased. K. Kebstixg. TEN YEAll* WITH KHKL'AIATISM. Newton, N. C., June 25, 1887. Gentlemen: I am pleasured in saving I have been a great sufferer of rheumatism for 10 years, and I have exhausted almost everv known remedy without re lief. I was told to try B. B. B. which. I did after long procrastination, and "with the experience nf three bottles, I am almost a healthy man. I take it as a part of my duty to make known your wonderful Blood Puritier to suffering humanity, and respectfully ask you to mail me one of your books of wonders. Respectfully, W. I. Moeehead. Pl.WOfe A.\U OIlUAKt*. One thousand Pianos and Organs to close out by October 1. All Organs and Piauo3 sold at cash price, payable November 1?no interest?delivered to your nearest depot. Fifteen days trial. Organs from $24 up; Pianos from ?150 up. All instruments warranted. Send for circulars. Buy now and have the use of the instrument. Remember we pay freight both ways if the instrument don't suit. Prices guaranteed less than New York. N. W. TRUMP, * fiolnmhia. S. fJ. A good man with bud friends is liable to be misunderstood. THE SALE OF Barrett's Tonic, Decided by United States and State i Courts to be no violation of the law. BARRETT'S TONIC, BEST MEDICINE, BEST SELLER, LARGEST PROFITS. "Write G. BARRETT & CO., Augusta, Ga., for prices and merits. Over 20,000 bottles of BARRETT'S TONIC sold last year oil its merits. PRIVATE BOAliD, Permanent and Transient I ? Com Weatworth & Slebe h, CHARLESTON, S. C. House recently furnished throughout. Location especially convenient?street cars passing every five minutes in front of the door. Terms moderate. Mbs.E. E. EASELL, Mis3 S. S. EDWARDS. Iktaii View St T .OPATF.D AT 1 All Healing Min THIS DELIGHTFUL RESORT V mtil October 1st at Rates that will be CHJ or particulars to Cozze ALL-HEALINU, (iASTC / / / / i -?-?-?SB-BBS? Saw il Gissinf aid Agricultural "* MACHINERY. J SPECIAL ATTRITION! ^ Being agent for almost the entire State for Liddeii & Co., of Charlotte, N. C., I am in_a position to offer close figures on their Variable i eea caw mxiis, .new rira Boilers, Boss Presses, Straight Line Engines, Shafting, Pnlleys, &c. Their engine, of which I have sold a number, ^ is the most satisfactory I have ever handled, and I earnestly recommend a consideration ot its merits to all prospective purchasers. Van Winkle, Pratt and Winship Gins will be offered as cheap as manufacturers' discount to dealers will allow. The Improved Dee ring Mower with >?m its durable and Unbreakable Steel Pitman Connections, in one of its three sizes?one-horse, two-horse and giant? and the Thomas Imperial Hay Rake and Xjv,Plant and Cultivator should be on every farm T)nn'fc fnrffftt that von will nesda Barbour Cotton Seed Crusher in the fallWind Mills, Force Pumps, Brick Ma- jt chines; Planers, etc., for sale. w Write for descriptive catalogue. W. fl. GIBBES, Jb., M Successor to McMaster & Gibbee and W. G. & L. D. Childs, COLUMBIA, S. C. PEACE INSTITUTE, J m BUI m louse im 1 RALEIGH, N. C. "^J The Fall Session opens on the first ^ Wednesday (5th day) of September and closes first Wednesday in June, 1889. Every department of instruction filled by accomplished and experienced toaohers. Building one cf the largest-and ^ best equipped in the South. Heated by - _ VjM steam. Gas and electric light. Water throughout -whole building. Special V rates for two or more from same family. Correspondence solicited. For circular . ' and catalogue address Key. R. BUBWELL & SON, Raleigh, N. C. j CHARLOTTE FEMALE INSTITUTE. ' ' No Institute for Young Ladies in the South has advantages superior to those ofieredherein every department?Collegiate, Art and Music. Only experienced and accomplished Teachers engaged. The building is ^ nri+.li ftsut warmw) with the befit ? wrotight-iron Furnaces, and a Hot Water Heater, has Hot and Cold Water Baths, and first-class appointments as a Boarding School in every . > respect?no School in the South has superior. FALL SESSION BEGINS SEP- 'J TEMBER 5,1888. For Catalogue, with full particulars, address Rev. Wm. R. ATKINSON, Charlotte, N. C. SPARKLING CATAWBA SPRINGS, C P.ATAWBA mUNTY. N. fi. Newly fitlecfup wiui^{4w"TR>iei and ? Furniture for over 400 guests 'and the proprietors would be glad to see all their old and many new frends here. The medical properties of the water are un: rivalled for Dyspepsia, Rheumatism, | Liver, Kidney and Urinary diseases^ fjiM ; General Debility and nervous prostra| tion. Healthier location not to be found. Much new furniture is being added. BATHS COMPLETE. _ Cool, Shower, Warm and Hot Sulphar, Hot Air and Vapor Baths. FineBand of Music and all amusemenViept B at first-class Watering Places. - Write for ? Catalogue. Dn. E. O. ELLIOTT & SON, SI Proprietors. PRIVATE BOARD. I Visitors to Columbia will find it to their advantage to stop at the "WILLIAMS HOUSE," Northwest Corner Plain and Sumter Streets. Transient board-a .specialty""?mS House open all hours day and night to suit incoming trains. MES. WINTHEOP WILLIAMS. PITTS CARMINATIVE! FOK IMFAST8 AMD . M TEETHING CHIL DREN. I "A An instant relief for colic of infant?. Cures Dysentery, Diarrhoea, Cholera Infantum or any diseases of the stomach and bowels. Makes the critical period of Teething safe and easy. Is a safe and pleasant tonic. For sale by all druggists, and for wholesale by Howabd, Wtllkt & Co., Augusta, Ga lifil Mil ^ HE FAMOUS ' leral Springs. 1 ftLL/TAKE 'GUESTS FROM NOW --J EAPER than living at home. Writ*