The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, October 26, 1887, Image 1
r " __ . -
VOL.XLIV. WIXXSBORO. S. C., WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 26, 1887. NO. 13.
, EVOLUTION Oi THE COLLAK.
A Great Industry that Grew Out of a
Freacher-'s Idea? How Collars are .Made
by the Million.
Half a century since dandies were gotten
np to kill at a hundred yards with
their necks swathed in, rirst, a stiff and
high standing coJlar that reached its
c ^ points quite to the ear?, and over that a
glossy satin or bombazine band stiffened
"with haircloth and lastened around the
wearer's neck by strings tied behind.
This latter item of gorgeousness was
sometimes replaced by a "neckcloth,"
usually in gentlemen oi apoplectic tendency,
which was ncthiBg more than a
generous silk handleicirief carefully
folded, wrapped around xbe collar and
terminating in i graceful knot.
T.he collars worn there were ail the i
productions of the domestic: shirtiuaker, i
and were usually part ajju parcel of the i
shirt. Cuffs were unknown, except a.-!
applied to outer garments, ana that indispensable
appendage to the shirtsleeve
which we know by the name had reach d
no greater stage of development than .s
conveyed by their primitive name of
"wristbands." They were also attached
to the shirt. The American trade in
separable collars co.lars and cull's dates
from the year 183 A. when a worldly
^Methodist parson of Troy, X. Y., Ebenezer
Drown by name, shocked his good
neighbors by manufacturing a dozen or
so and peddling them about from a hard
basket. The scheme must have been a
partial success. It at least started a
tmali trade, which slumbered along in
different hands for a good ten years,
when the time had come 'or some one to
arouse it and send the present industry
bonnd-'-.g through time.
Each cf the many very estimable firms
engageu ll this branch of trade has
fixed up a little family tree to prove that
Jie was the grandfather of one of their
members, thus clearly showing themselves
to be the original Troy collar
.house. Collar manufacturing has made :
millionaires, and is turning them out by i
half dozens every ten years. It is said i
to be a business which knows no dull :
season and is proverbial for its clcanli- i
ness and precision. <
Of course the first ready-made collars ,
were but crude and clumsy imitations of <
the home-factoried article. It was a :
. ng fiile before considerations of style :
crept in to perplex both maker an-i I
5ft . For many years there were but j:
. standard "shapes" or ' styles,*' j t
lose common to all manufacturers j <
. oranded alike. Every man who j I
_iiaiie a "buakespcare," a "Bishop" ora: i
"Senate" called it by the common came <
and competed only in regard to the
quantity he could sell. Xow every
maker has a dozen different styles to s
name (generally with classical terms) "
j and copyright to himself twice a year;
< ? althoucifthrv;n at the bottom his shapes
" " are as much like those oi anotherj
maker as in the old days. i ?
The linen or muslin used in the manu-! t
faCiUre o? collars and euii's varies from | ?
ordinary to very fine. Among the lead- i "
ing manufacturers celebrated for the ex- j i
celienco of their goous, only the finest i t
T-ri'oV. is nstfl. In r^anv cases it is ! c
made especially to tiic-ir order and for i
their use. Manufacturers who sell at [
extremely low figures eaunot aHord to | ^ise
the upper grade linens, and there-1 *
fore purchase and use the cheaper arti- ^
H -cle. The linen is delivered to the man- *>
ufacturers in pieces of about sixty yards j t
each. The exact grade is carefully ascer-! *
tained in the collar factories by counting ' e
the number of threads to an inch in the | v
fabric, which is done with a specially j(]
constructed combination of magnifying j v
glass and scaled measure. The threads ! o
yary from "fifteen hundred" to "twenty- j s
th.ree hundred," according to fineness, j k
Wrt. th& usual counts are from * 'twenty" i --
to "r,?veiity-two hundred'' for collar and j *
cuff manufacture. j c
Pis&ftfc^uslin used in the process for inner j a
y^ffler5 and backing io counted in much | -*
/^ E same "way, but from seventy-eight to j P
|p tthty-twc is considered uniformly good ; BE
the purpose. Tie goods are cut to j c
Bieasure by hand from a series of maple- 0
Bfpcod patterns, with a sharp ?teel blade. 2
WpDue allowance is given in *his work for P
the stitching and shrinkage which is to *m
finally reduce the collar to its standard rnarkec
size. ^
The linen "facings'' axe then "inter- s
lined" with the requisite plys of muslin, ; d
two interlin'ings thus making a four-piy i d
collar of the finished article, though for ] t-J
? ^{JjfTfour interlinings ars generally the j b
'.rule. In standing collars both back and | p
fr.ont facings are of linen, in turndown? j h
only the cuter, the concealed face being i Si
of 6aC quaihy muslin. When the sever- tl
al pieced of ;he collars are thus laid e.
-together .in dozens they are taken to tl
another department, wjaere the inner P
side of the band is branded with name, h
-trademark and iide with indehble ink, e:
and 1 hen <--;-.ch set ol picc.cs is firmly pasted r<
together, *uside out, witix? strong starch K
paste. They are then sewed tightly to- tJ
gether along the outer edges ana sent s<
outside t~ I u tuieed by another clas? c.f - Vf
operatives altogether. These collar b
turners are deft-fingered earners of pin &
money, and do all this work at home, J ti
ending for and returning the i^ateri^l! ti
ta the factory. Turndown collars z>; rs
qairO two turnings of the sewed material j i\
?one for the cape and one for the band j
?whieh parts are stitched together ultimately.
Standup collars necessarily
.need only oce turning. Butt-on holes
rare punched in C.he proper places as a Pi
mere slit in th?* goods, and quickly Ic
bound on a special seeing machine. A
second puccii is then employed, which -1
rail *he stitching in the jfoiin. .of a nar- j c<
rov,- - ' with a neat round eyelet hoi;: at j P'
(finest buttonholes are hanlwcTK r>
L-^hcut, but it is by no means a l'L
L-ssity to tkeir servieeabiiity. The ^
phtd coiiars are then laundried acding
to the "Troy" method, in big
inder drums holding hundreds at a ?
e, and ironed by passing them
ough a series of heated steel rollers, *
'iih give a high gloss and finish.
d&H syles in coiiars are entirely mat- ~
?of r^pc and dimensions, changeable
some i>alf dozen standard lorras.
Among thea tre the height of the collar
.from bs.se to top ijid the .-pace allowed ~
betwean the ends in izcvt%
(
All the stylish coiiars of to-day are si
modification^? of the oldest models, and pt
as time advances msnuiacturers go icrtii- pi
er back for their patters instead of for-, dt
ward. The "Garrote" is simplest tl
and most original form of st&niup sol- F
lar. It was once a simple ttrip ot re- ti
-enforced linen without grace asici beaut v. ~e
As shirts began to be cat Jo* it vras
necessary to cut avay part of the back m
so as to matt it conform to the 0f
the neck band tovird tue iron:. y
some one conceived tac idea of showi^
the i&roat, a^L'i to that end c^t a~ay s&
of the front encept tlie little taw reccs-\
sary for bcttcnho:cs. That move give]
this sppearuncc ip :Lj c-?u\ aud left it J 5:
to varm dsys end nnmar. nassce to bend f f
the ends thereof clc wn jito what \>? are j ;.c
pleased to thlni is a-irinn.ph of our I&tc*: ^ u
later civilization?the bent point collar. ] .
)[ Sueh is the brief eraludon of the stand- \
np collar, now as of yore the ambition j Lj
of yonth and the digniier of old age. cThe
turndown collar has undergone a j -j
varied process, but has only been sus-'d
ceptible to change in the dimensions ^nu
shape c f the oten space in front and iu
the enhanced comfort of modern cut
over ancient awkwasduess.
In tbe collar trade America has quietly
taught Great Britain another of the invaluable
le.s-.-ous she has derived from
this side of the water. The separable
collar and en IT is a Yankee notion, and
\ve are proud of it.
SVSTiiJI \TIC HIGHWAY liOHBEi'.V.
Uo'.v :: wi~ Clii<-a:o Fsrrn Cru.^lxi.s Out their
Scisiag tiirl't. Lives.
(Iro:n ihu (. bicuuo :nw o?wm )
A few belongings of this smaii family
were nicely stored ar,-ay :u the oiie
room, and three motherless children begun
the struggle for self-maintenance.
The little ones could do nothing,
so the responsibility rested upon the
shoulders of the 14-;. ear-old sister.
The iirst thing she did after the funer:i!
was to scan the papers for advertisements
in the "help wanted" columns.
She found in un evening paper an advertisement
1'or a girl to run a knitting
machine. It was from a well known tirni
on u prominent street. She applied and i
was given a job. Alter she had been]
there a couple of days she saw a constant i
change in tne many faces around her. j
Girls that were there yesterday morning j
were net there this morning. But new I
ones were engaged.
She began to make inquiries among !
the older girls, and found that the girls j
left because they could not make enough '
to live on. The night of the second day j
.she determined to see about it, and she i
asked the forewoman for her time. She |
was given a card with two days' full I
time credited. She had made two jack- j
tts and one dozen bustles in the two j
days. When she presented the card to :
tiie oliice she was tcld that she owed the !
lirm 20 cents balance for the use of the
machine and steam power.
She was credited with 20 cents apiece
for two jackets (that's -io cents; and 30
cents for the dozen bustles (that's 70
tents). She was charged 45 cents a day
for the use of machine and steam power
; that's 90 cents), leaving a balance of 20
jeiits due the big firm. At this rate she j
would have to pawn her soul at the end j
if a week to pny the hrm for the bad air !
>he breathed while using the machine j
ind steam power.
The firm keeps a standing advertise-!
nont in the evening paper, and a small j
irmy of girls pass through the factory j
ivery week. They got tne jackets and ;
jus ties made for nothing, except the j
rvear and tear of the machines and loss j
>f steam power.
KOUGH VISAGED TV A It.
Smoothing His "Wrinkled'Front by Arbi- I !
tration. j
(New* Yor e ilail and Express.)
Eo gland and the Lnited States are the j ;
;roat Amphictyons of this age; for in all |;
hings they are near to each other. They j'
,re in contact, more or less intimately, j'
.roand the world; they jostle in both j
temispheres, and dispute the trade oi ;;
:very sea; they cultivate the ambitions, j;
:'aerish the same theories, worship God j
n the same forms. Freedom, peace, in- i \
iastry and commerce are their common j:
dols. They are, as t.-> origin at le?rt, j :
he same breed of men; ihey use the,;
ame language, suomit tnemseivesto the ' [
ame laws. These two great nations, | '
herefore, be supposed to have a favor*:- j;
>ie application. They are not near j1
nough to have their differences en-j 1
euomed by the fierce passion of family j -1
taarreis?tnev are too near to De tne ;;
ictirns of hopeless misunderstandings ; ]
r oi' that barbarous impulse to fight ail I:
traiige peoples which lias been at the ! ;
ottom of many great wars. If any two | *
Ations on the earth can get on without: '
escrt to arras these two should; if they ; *
annot, the disarmament oi' nations and j
reign of peape is a hopeless vision, i f
!he promise that there is m this pros- ! 1
>ect gives interest to the deputation of j ;s
istinguishea Englishmen who have! J
ome hither to memoralize the President s
n this subject, and to give at least the "
loral assent of a division of the British '
eople to the action hitherto taken by >'c
Josgress in proposing that our Govern- i%
lent shail endeavor to make a treaty!
rith the J>ritish Government lor thej I
abmission io arbitration of all future jv
iU'erences that get beyond the scope of ; ^
iplomacy. Nations should assimilate i iei.v
conduct to that which is dietcted j c
y the instinct of individuals, liarbar-; 2
us men, the ignorant, the brutal, the "
>w down in the world, plume them- :
2lves upon their physical force and u
heir readiness to use it. Every tinier- 5
uce of opinion ends in a light. As L
ley get higher in the scale they are lots c
rone to tins conduct; but they will still! ?
ght for serious cases. Higher stbi they j
xhaust every peaceful remedy. They j r
ruson their differences more thorough-1
r, they accept the mediation of friends, i j'
iey go to Court, they fight only at 'J
:>me ultimate point of passion rarely .
3&ch< d. Nations do the same in part, ~
ut ^iould be yet more logically the ?
miA cis r:.<o in sr?a,lA f>T riviliza
on. Civilized eo^tries have minimized j
ie number of resort to j
itionai remedies may be carried yet
tfiher.
Idle Money.
I
Tuere are $106, 00,QC0 in ?lis treasury o
toire than rhe government needs. This t
tie money is not only earning no intei-- ,e
>t, and liable to be squandered in ex- c
avagant appropriations, but it has be- ti
)nie a serious menace to business pros- k
erity. fi
The surplus can now be released into n
iz channels of trade in only one way? o
:e ptiichr.se of unmatured bonds. i\^r u
ic; there is ainple warrant in law. The r
me nas come when p.ci ministration d
ill be justified in extends& bond a
urshase to all classes of bonds 'thai i& h
lh maKe a saving in interest by baying.! 6
It is a shame c?;d a disgrace that this ! a
ate of things should c;-?st. "Unneces- j r
2y taxation is unjust taxa^n." A j q
xirtazu&esi commits a gross injusiicc
mt burdens uic citizens with needless j1
its. But the surpass is here. It eon- i il
ilatee a 2'^klic danger. as, -when j h
house is on ?re, there is no time to jjn- j g
rugate or to quarrel as to the resp.cnbility
for the liames, or to compute the k
^ssible saving to the insurant com- t!
trues, so now it is no time to bi inic
i'dd Congresses or reckon the gain oi ?<
bondholders. First- put out me fire, b
Ust gei rid of the surplus, liemove o
danger iiov guard against its *
.. --rence hereafkx. ~ H
:hJ treasury pav out ?ho idle j b
i-i.v.. -'j purchase, at a premium? L
at v?iii crin^ bo ads.?Xew York j b
orid! ' - [s]
, -as g=?? I Cl
Kri5r'i?'>> A^aiu?t Turkey. t ?
4
London, October IS.?The prolonged 'tj
sit of Ilerr Krupp to Prince Bismarck ut >;
^liccsruli, it was learned today, was hi
) xa^ce the Chancellor to assist him in I "
'-'Ilec*?g si biil of $.",.000,000 which the ?
ouse <XJvrupp has held against the Turk- a'
h _gove^menl f0- ordinance furnished at *7
arious tuw,s 10 Turkey. It is understood lL
lat Herr -ktupp received a promise tLat
rery thing done toward inducing tc
le Sultan s government to liquidate its in- T
ebtedness. * 0;
OUK A L. ASK AX CLAIMS.
! We Will Protect the Fishertes in Our
Arctic Seas.
(From the New* York Sun )
A great deal of surprise was occasioned
at the department of State by the allegation
of Canadian and English
officials that this our-try has repeatedly
disputed the Kussian Government's
claim of Mare Ciausnni in iiehrings Sea,
' and, moreover, that the seal fisheries
were the cause of such dispute. At the
Stitte department no record o; any
difficulty regarding the seal fisheries
with Iiusiia cau be found. Early in the
present cc^tury Eassia claimed territo
i ry in JNortn western .Nortn America aown
! to ti:.- 'lifty-lifth degree, which this Govj
ernmciiv warmly disputed. After some
i controversy o i the subject the Russian
! Emperor withdrew his claim aud acknowledged
:he United States' authority j
up to the li:'tv-fourth degree. It was at!
this time that Russian officials laid down
such arbitrary rules for navigation in
Alaskan waters. No vessel was permitted
io sail within one hundred Italian miles
of coast or islands, under penalty of
confiscation and imprisonment. Very
i'ew American vessels ever sailed in the
locality, aud sealing was an almost unknown
industry there. There was one
small Russian company that shipped a |
few skins to various parts, and the navi- j
gation law was meant to protect it.
Later, several trading vessels from the
United cruised in the vicinity of Alaska,
but were warned off by the Russian
officials. It was at this time that John
Qaincy Adams, the secretary of State, in
a very energetic manner, denied the
Russian right to certain territory, now
the southern strip of Alaska. Mr.
Adams' radical course secured the United
States the right in Aiaskan waters.
When Alaska was ceded to the United
States the line of demarkation determining
the western boundary of Behrings
Sea made it at Mare Clausum, from the
southernmost point on Prince Edward's
Island so a noint near Atton Island of i
the Aleutian grant, thus making a com-!
plete close. The imaginary line of demarkation-runs
a course of about 900
mile* from northeast to southwest. The
whole area of Bchrings Sea, including
Norton's Sound, and Bristol Bay, is
about 600, OuO square miles. The St. ;
George and St. Paul Lriands, where most .
of the seal are captured, are about seven
hundred miles north of the Aleutian ;
Peninsula and live hundred miles west ;
of the main line of coast. The seal are !
jrequently found now several hundred i
miles from shore, and are gradually .
working their way to the northward. 3
The experts say that this fact is due to J
the use of firearms of the Canadian t
sealers. Should a genuine stampede
urise among the seals it is extremely I
doubtful if any would return for breed-;
ing purposes. Large numbers of the
joung seals are swimming toward the ,
mainland, passing through the Aleutian '
group and landing on Canadian soil.
Inquiry was made at the revenue j
marine office to-day as to what was j
thought of the statement that a swift }
vessel was fitting out at Halifax with a
T?nr! ftrmaniCTt f-.n at!"acre in t.hft seal ,
? ?o-o~ ? ^
fisheries, and that if the revenue cutter ,
Ltush or any other cruiser attempted to ^
interfere there v,*culd be a naval engageaaent.
"We are not inclined to believe _
ihafc story," said the cliief, "but I will I
say that 1 never knew the officers of the ?
revenue marine to fail in doing their j
laty. Ox course if any vessei fiying the I
British or any other dug is discovered
>eal fishing in Behrings Sea it will bo +
;he duty of the Rash to demand her sur- Y
render. If the sealer refuses our officers v
. -ill make the capture by force and sink A
ler if necessary. The Rush curries a ?
,;ood battery and can make a pretty good
ight." fe
The probabilities are that if the diffi- v
;ulty is not settled this winter, there will ^
)e three cruisers in Bekrin- s Sea in the t.
;pring?the Rush, the Rear and the ^
L'hetis. The last, however, is worthless '
ls a cruder. Her only duty will be to j
Let a sort' of floating battery to St.
.ieorge and St. Paul Islands, and keep ^
ff landing parties from the Canadian ^
'essels. 0
It was also learned at the treasury de>artment
that Secretary of State Bayard ^
vas misinformed when he asserted that ^
.11 the captured schooners had been t.
)eached at Ounalaska. At last accounts
inly one craft had been hauled onshore, ^
,nd that was because of a break in her ^
nchor cables. This vessei was the n
raallest of the lot. The rest of the fleet j
.re rid in c: ouietlv at anchor, and ohoto
;raphs ot them are on tile in the revenue ^
marine bureau. Some of the Canadian
>uiciais have intimated that the zeal r(
hovn by officers of the Bush and Bear _
s the resuit of their desire for prize ^
zoaey. Before an otiicer of the revenue .-c
aarine can obtain any prise money he ^
iies his claim vith the secretary, vrho Don's
what he deems proper, li is exremely
doubtful if any prize money will
>e paid in the present cases. About 10
>er cent, is the usual allowance made to
he captors. ^
e1
FOXTY YEAXS AX THE PLOUGH. l\
Call for the Old Settlers to Go to the 11
State Fair at Columbia.
To the Editor of The News and Courier: iL
desire to express my high appreciation T<
>i the kindness done the society I have J;i
he honor to represent in your 'hearty sc
ndorseragnt and editorial notice of the c<
Id settlers' .convention tha? it is desired tL
o hold during ,cu? nest State i'air. li "n;
.as been my prime object goring the v
jur years 1 have seryed as president to Pauke
the meetings of the society purely n;
f an agricultural na:ure. How far this v>
.illicult object has been attained the ~.(
ecords of these meetings will bear witess.
With this object still most promient
in view, I conceived the idea of ,j.
aving this cjnvention of old settlers at J.
"u?: cporoachiag Fair, and in furtherace
of this meeting I again beg to trespass
upon your valuable columns as the
uickest way in which I can i-e&eh the
&rgest number of our farmers'. I am
sCtoCdingly gratified at the interest man:'estcd
in this meeting by the answers I r;
ave received, and by the kindly notices ' n.'
iven by many of our county papers. ""
'o the latter I feel much indebted and
4:e this means of returning many i)(.
iianks for iho sacic. ' (j,
I am asked what ig mean: by farming U;
j'? forty years* I reply: 'The boy who ih
eg in to plough when he was ?en' vears lit
Id. and has made farming his life's ar
"ork, and is fifty now, I regard as i:r
aving farmed forty years, and on this l'"
&-,:a i'.e delegates may be selected. 5:1
laid Ae ol this meeting su
elufe~Li:" (k^'-rrrd authorities, wltt
o v - i w* c. "*-A 4-y. ^.1. ~ I !)('
vUAl Xv n : ' t'&Cii ii j
iass of oar formers whom it & iiata to r(-'
;r out 011 any public occasion, and who h'
ireiy siiend our Fair, they recognized r"'
ic convention as an interesting auxilary
to the Fair, ani .hose whom I have
e^rd from have generously consented Sn
> fumish free transportation for icuj ;
elegates, as soon as notified of their r,
ames. As the time is short, I must beg
le counties to be as prompt as possible, yj
I desire to throw out another subject rei
>r consideration of the convention. he
here was a time during the experience Sc
I these farmers, when the farmers of ge
] South Carolina made all they consumed,
: upon their own plantations, excepting
sugar, coilee, salt, some hardware, and
finer qualities of clothing; and the sun
did not shine upon a more prosperous,
happy and c-utouted people throughout
the wide, w te world. To-day the rule
| is to buy all they consume and raise just
I enough cotton to get credit for another
; year.
i Can't something be learned by the
discussion of this subject in ail its bearings?
We h ive the same people, the
same soil, tae same genial sunshine, the
same clouds, and beyond them ail the
i same healthful, calm. Dure, blue vault.
D. P. Duncan*.
ADVEN'TLKKS OF A GOLD WATCH.
It. "Was Stolen Eleven Years A ?<>, ai:<I Has
Got Hack io lis Owners.
Tj:ov, Ala., October 22.?A curious
story about a watch has just developed
' here. Twenty years ago Mr. George
Etheridge who lived in the upper part
of this county, treated himself to a line
gold watch, for which he paid si95. He {
took it home, and his father told him
that inasmuch as ho had invested so
much in a watch that it would be a good
idea to take down the maker's name and
number, which he did, without ever
thinking that that little precaution would
ever avail anything. He kept it until.
lS7t), when a laborer on his place took
advantage of his absence one day, broke
into his house, and stole the watch and
chain and skipped out. The thief went
down into Dale county, and in a short
time got into trouble. la order to '
evade the clutches of the law, he laid J
out in a piece of woods, and while there :
he lost his stolen prize, and in a short 1
ticae left for the West. In 1882, while ]
Mr. Metcalf, who lives near Daleviiie, *
was shrubbing a piece of second year's <
laud, he found the watch and related the *
circumstances to several of his neigh- :
bors, but could find no owner for the
property. The watch, had been lying in 1
the woods six years, and was in a bad j
fix. Metcalf carried it to a jeweler in *
Eufaula and had it repaired, and took it J
home with him aud kept it until last .
Saturday. In the early part of the week c
Mr. A. Haley, of this city, who is a v
brother-in-law of Mr. Echeridge, heard
something that iudaccd him tj wire Mr. 3
Etheridge, at Evergieen, to come over; J
that he thought he could put him on the e
track of his lost watch. Mr. JEthc-ridge r
arrived in the city and went to Mr. a
Metcalf's, described the watch, gave the ?
a umber and the mater s name, paia t>
Metcalf what he had paid out for repairs, S:
received his property, and returned e
highly elated oyer his success in recov- ?
iritg his lost jewelry. f
JJ
- d
Ai,out Corners, jj
a
Combinations are the order of the day, p
md the last one recorded is an immense e:
sugar ' trust" to rob the people by f(
'orcing up the price of sugar. The ?(
Philadelphia Record has the following
11 explanation of the conspiracy: For i?
1 early a year efforts have been put forth
md negotiations have been in progress a;
>y the sugar refiners of Xew York and g,
Boston to form a combine, or trust, j,
vhereby the production of each refinery C(
:oul.l be regulated, and, if necessary, a j>
uspension of work be ordered, should
lie aggregate production exceed the reluirements
of the domestic trade. It is tt
understood that the trust has not been
Lna'ly formed as yet, but that the ar- a(
angvments will be completed soon, and ta
he Philadelphia refineries sympathize ?<
uth the movement. The owners of the ai
arious refineries are now engaged in cj
akicg an account of stock preparatory q
o the settlement of the deal. As a re- jn
ult of the proposed combination or ei
rust, prices have advanced in this city V1
uthin the past forty-eight hours to a *v;
igure wmcii is considered heavy in the re
rad.3. On Wednesday morning granu- st;
ited sugar, which is the standard, was fr:
uoted at 61 cents per pound. Yesteray
afternoon the closing price was Gv W!
ents per pound. The production oi' sjj
he refineries of this city is about 5,000 ?h
arrels per day. The increase in price ^
ccasioned by the proposed combination ^
mounts to about 75 cents per barrel,
lS a result of the new trust, the retailers ^
ill pay about .$o, 700 more for the pro- gr
action of the refiners of this ci;y to-day r.-c
ian they would have paid on Tuesday
ist. The retail price of sugar, as taken q,
:om the Grocers' Association announce- p<
lent on .-.Ionaay morning last, fixed the gc
rice at 7 cents per pound. It will j2
robably be ? cents on Monday ne^t. ^f
'he proper and only conclusive answer
) this combination of rascality is to put
sfined sugars on the free list. The p><
eopie-havc rights which monopolists aa
lust be forced to respect. The free list wt
; the only panacea for the ills of
lonopoly. ? * be
Ready for the Presi<}<*ot and His Wife.
__ . ca:
The White House rooms havo been -Li
ressed in their winter costumes, and Ca
rerything is now in readiness for therelrn
of the President and .Mrs. Cleveland
lie carpets have all been laid, curtains
ung, the furniture covers removed and the
>oms thoroughly cleaned. Very little 1
linting or repairing has been done, as ex- of
insive improvements in this respect were 3d
icently made. Xew carpets have been bo
id in the East room and IJiue parlor. ?nd
ime of the bedroom furnitare lias been re- >
>Vcred A r.cw central sofa or divan for
te centre of tlie Fast room has been ordered
f Col. Wilson, and will be here in'about
month. It will be upholstered in old gold
:u-h to match the other furniture ot the ,
;or,;. The exterior of the White ilouse ;
:li 2 ot painti.d, as thii v?as done last
;:tr, and it is only necessary about one in s^r
>ur years. Il is probable, however, that
ie Jire department will be requested soon we
> send up an engine to wash off the dust. Ta
lat, has collected on the front portico
j,niig iiie summer.? Wonlumjloii Slur. Be'
A Xrw Pool. ClJ"
. COS
Some of the cattle men of the plains yT
tve recently formed what they call the "~c
\y.n:t Pool," and have united with. Ar- or
our ic Co. to keep' ap prices. Armour *kc
;:xcs to slaughter tJiuir stock for ?2.50 27
rr bead and give them the proceeds. "
Thr; rangeinen conrerned say the dressed cu;
ring rues all ti e markets, hohiiug pa:
>;vn the price of live cattle and holding ai
> the price of dressed meats, and that $Vi
eir only hope is to deal with the combina- $1$
The promoters claim that by this " n
rangemeniT thiy' wiji he 'inahled Vq get 0Ki
proved cars, feeding watering and pro- uoj
jdon of the animals in tratisit, and to "-j
v-: the enormous shrinkage tuey now ^
lTur. i"1"
iJut if Armour and the beef pool are to
aaoweu to niu Ruc]l cars on the rail;
ads, why not other people'/ Or why noi i
c v'ithout Mr. Armour's pa>na
g<i't?Xete?vr'L5Uit. I .1
When all so called remedies faii, Dr. V
cre's "Catarrh llemedy cures. 0
v.-ai
Two .evictions took at Kilrusb, county ton
are, Tuesday. The s;.en"s attending the for
actions were of a most exciting character.' f.-.r
le police "were stoned by the people and t
filiated by using their batons on the ijiil
ads of the crowd with great effect. unci
ane of the victims of the constables' cud- ?|ut
Is were seriously hurt lur;
THE SOUTH'S WiijLCOJIE.
How the President of the United Stat?>
Was Received iu the "Gate City of the
South."
t
In speaking of President Cleveland's
first day in Atlanta, the telegraphic account
says: There are more than one
hundred thousand persons on the streets
to-day who are doing honor to the Pres- j
ident and -Jrs. Cleveland, notvrithst*nd-!
ing the unpleasantness of the weather. I
"O "L . J!_ . j.. I ^ ^ . . . \
jsvejy uuuy appears to nave iurueu on11
tp add their iraividnal hurrahs of wei-!
come to the Executive and the charming !
young wife who accompanies Lim.
Early this morning the rain, which began
falliug yesterday, continued but
with phenomenal good lack, ;i few
a^nutes before ten o'clock when the
carriages reached the Kimball to e.-:cort
the President for a diive through the
city and to the capitol, it grew consid< rably
brighter. The rain ceased, but the
elands continued threatening. Upou
reaching the State Capitol the Presidest
^as received by the Governor and staff
and; members of each branch of. the
Legislature. He also met the visiting
Governors, members cf the Supreme
Court, superior and city com is, judges,
Uaited States officials and other dignitaries.
When the ceremonies at the capitol
had concluded the route was continued
directly to the Piedmont Park. The
visiting Governors with Governor Gordon,
Senators Brown and Colquitt and
other distinguished men, joirted the procession
as it left the capitol. On entering
the main gate ihe artillery tired a
national salute to the President. After
some unavoidable delay, occasioned by
sue great mass of humanity along the
route of the procession and within the
grounds, the distinguished guests were !
iseorted to the speakers stand midst tee ,
greatest enthusiasm which lasted for j
several minutes. Finally when quiet ,
lad been restored, the exercises of the '
r?sre opened by President Collier's an- '
louncement tliat prayer would be offered
)j the Itev. Dr. Barnett, of the First .
r'resbj'teiian Church. Alter prayer Mr. !
Collier presented Mr. H. W. Grady, who 1
lelivered a very eloquent address ol .
welcome.
Mr. Grady said: "My countrymen, I j
hall have the honor of introducing to
ou to-day the foremost ruler of this (v
arth, the President of the American c
epublic; one to whom, by the peaceful
nd unquestioned suffrages of these peo>le,
their highest commission, has been
;iven. [Great applause.] It is the most ?
acred politics1 trust that c.:a "be cohfidd
to modern statesmanship. Our proud
deasnre, sir, in welcoming yon to-day is Q
mphasized by the knowledge, that you
ave held thai high commission with ^
igiiitled sincerity, and that you have v
oncred this high office with a strong fnd
spotle-ss administration. [Great ap- ?
lause.; *s for this exposition, it is l(
aough to ij tha.!' a law suit is pending ^
)r the gr./wjsg co-ton crop of this sea- J
5n, pi.: .) ted seventy days ago in these E
elds. can promise you, sir, a privi- ~
sge to-day that even a President may a
iteem, the right to look into the faces Tv
ad hear the cordial welcome of more jouthemers
than any living man, or ^
ead man, has seen assembled. My
mntrymen, I present to vou vour *
raw dent."' As 3\Ir. Grady set down and ^
ic President rose, cheer after cheer
ent up, and the band played "Hail to f
le Chief." ^
The President rose and delivered an '
Idress, recounting the histoiy of Atlan- '
relating the story of its wonderful
jvelopment, and praising the growth !'
id progress of the South. At the close "
' his address the President ond IvTrs.
levelaud were shown some of most ^
iportant features of tiie exposition and yitertained
at a hurxied lucheon by the ;0
resident of the driving club. After- ^
ard President Cleveland held a public *
ception at the foot of the speaker's ^
and, while Mrs. Cleveland and her
iends occupied seats on the stand.
The public reception of the President
is a repetition of former opc&siqns of a
milar character and when it wrs ended
ere appeared to be more persons left
:mna tnan caa passea by tlie execute.
After the reception the programme
iretofore announced was carried out, GE
e President being driven to the Gov- es
nor's mansion where lie dined with a
imber of distinguished personages. iK
nong those who sat at the table were:
overnor Gordon, the host; Governors Fc
irry, of Floiida, and Iticbardson, of
>uth Carolina; Senator Brov^, Genera.:
ckson, of Belie Meade, tha Presiaont
the State Senate, Speaker of the ^
ouse, H. W. Grady, and the hosts, the 'V,
resident, Colonel Lamar. Mr. Bissell, ai'
jstraaster General Vilas and Dr. Biyt.
Mrs. Cleveland and Mr.-. Vilas
;re royally entertained at luncheon at 3?
e residence of Mrs. Porter. The mem- t rs
of the Presidential pany returned yf
the Kimball House about eight o'clock tl:'
3te$ for ^nhour and then attended the 110
rd reception given in honor of the sc:
esident and Mrs. Cleveland at the eu:
.pital Citv Club. P?
th<
The Story of a Policy. th'
no
The Valley Mutual Life Association, Ea
Virginia, began business September (!V'
, 1878. Guarantee fund, invested in tei
r.ds and mortgages (first lien on real ve:
ate), ?108,000. de
The Valley Mutual Life Association of re<
rgirda is the largest aud the leadiDg
fe Association in the South. Over pe:
e million of dollars has been paid in pj
sli to the families c-f deceased mem- soi
rs. ' sal
Ihp cheapness or its plan !s demon:
ated by the experience of those "who up
j insured. Jn illustration of this fact, dei
take Policy Xo. ' }, held by I\Ir. W. P. -UI
ms, Cashier ol tuj Augusta National ma
nk. Staunton, Yr ,?Pohev issued pol
ptomber '2'-, lbifc' ??conse- m'J
ently it- lias -lured every c: that has the
no against the Company. The entire nie
>t to Mr. Tarns in eight years and six rea
>nths, Membership Pee, Annuals, j',nd T >rtaH:
p tyments, Las been but rs?0.-U} Iy?
an av? B annual cost of $--<.28. At in i
! dato oi iuis trance Mr. Tarns -was ins
yea - of age. h<x
L pGi..v* of even amount and elate is
2 of viia most popular uld' Line com- g^
iies on .:e ordinary life plan, payable per
death only; would have cost him hui
>2.75,'or ?21.50 per year?a saving of (
TOrnx y-c T/o'llorr \Tnfnol * I
ffiecries rie easily advanced and jeai- *
; rivals abound in them, but facts can j v
: be'reCuied." '
"irst-oiqiid agents 00*1 get liberal eon v< "j
3ts by applying ia
LKE HAtJCOD,
3Ianager So. Ca. Department, \i\'
Columbia. -0lig
T
i. convention of representatives oi' '.be low
icuiiuval co^Ie^: and prver?ai':iS sta i
is of several' States is now ia session in ;:]e
?binirton. Tiie cull "for the convention ,;.jr
5 made by President George \v. Atucr- -r
, of the State College of Pennsylvania,
the purpose of affording opportunity '
full consultation as to the brst methods ^
fulfilling the requirements or the Hatch 3
passed at the last session of Congress. Por
i tor the discussion of such practical #I;
stions as the establishment of agricul- Mo:
al experiment stations, &c. the
i
I
UOXS i> A TKKRIBLE FIG II r.
Tt-aring Themselves in Pieces Until De:tJli
Knd?the
(Special in I'hilade'nhia Times.)
London, October 1$.?Early this
i morning there-was a fearful and exciting
tattle iu the Jubilee Exhibition at Liverpool.
Deimonicj, the mott plucky
tamer of beaft- u. this country, has been
exciting '.he nerves of the visitors for a
long time by trilling iu a cage with three
hi# forest li^s. Five more lions of a
diii'erent kind, but uH tierce and full
grown, arrived from Africa yesterday
cit-vi ?V *.*.* |iiit U? WW iili'J LUC Ul? cuge
Tilth the tiiree already there. They had
training, but I)ciaionico went in
among them and thrilled the crowd that
tliled the menagerie hy an unusually
sensational performance. When he had
done lUlle. Kora, his partner, went in
with the Hons and-took a little dogs with I
her. This was repeated four times during
the d -y ;md the five new lions were
too much .-.tanned by the huge, noisy
crowd about them and the repeated visits
of the man, woman and dog to do anything
but crouch in their corners in fear.
Their astonishment had not worn off,
and they were still quiet when left alone
for to-night by the attendants at 10
o'clock. Shortly after midnight, however,
the menagerie was filled with a
frightiul roaring u:i-i snarling, and a
servant sleeping on the premises rushed
in to find the big iron cuge racking and
eight lions lighting furiously. They
were rolled up into a nuge uarji ball,
from which blood-stained far was living
in ah directions The huge beasts roiled
over and over, dining madly against
the sides of the cage and biting pieces
out of each otber with a ferocity that
was sickening. All the sights organized
to gratify man's fondness for lighting
would have seemed the tamest child's:
play in comparison. After a while it
be came evident that there were distinct
sides in tbe battle and that the new
imvals wure pitted at unfair odds against
:he lions who had been in possession.
The efforts of the servant- to separate
;hem only i. creased their fnry. At last
le rushed oil' for Delmoxiico, who was
isleep near by. The tamer arrived half
:lad, and found his lions bleeding fearuily,
but still lighting. The battle irar
owed dov/n to a duel between the two
>iggest lions, which were rapidly biting
:ach other to pieces in the middle of the 1
sage. Occasionally it became general
:nd for a few sccjnds there would be a j
did jumble among the .marling lions, .
?ith a savage crunching of tet-th to tell '
iow iie.sh v/u:s being torn.
The appearance of D<;imonico with a ;
ed hot iron in his hand produced im- (
aecliate effect. Ail but tiie two chief t
ombatants stopped fightingand crouch- <
d sullenly down, licking their bloody ;
rounds and snarling encouragement to
tie two leaders. On these in their rage s
.ot iron was useless, even v/hen applied 2
o raw flesh. r"hey Responded to" the ^
urning sensation only by tearing at ]
uch other more liereely. At last DjI- !,
lonico bravely entexvd the cage, half J
iad as he was, and shut himself in. He
ext opened the door communicating *
ith the second cage and urovs into it, ?
ke so many sheep, the six lions that ^
ad been looking on. lv
Meanwhile the otae; li^ns- were still ri
ghttng, although much weaker. Dei- v
ionico;s attempts to Separate them were o
seless. They paid not the .-li0'Litest at- ti
mtion to him, and: although in their t<
;aiggle they dashei against hica, they c
ere evidently unconscious of his press- u*
ict. Before the famer could xorm any
Ian to separate thee, the light ended of '
self. The big forest lion roiled over
2 his back anu died, while the other
ive a faint roar of victory. The dead },
on was terribly mangled, wmle the
.ctor's mane was gone and nis body
oked as though an especially wicked n
irrow had been repeatedly dragged \
-'er it. Blood Trickled frcm a hundred y
jly wounds, and there is little hope t'i
;at he will live. L " su
ST A it \ ATIuN IN LONiiON
.-i
S'ear a Thousand Tauie? i*iue for I-'ood.** p
(New York Mail and Express.,.
London has just had a little experi- !c
ice with a horde of half starved wretchtliat
have been permitted .to swarm
id gather to a head at an important
>in; in the West End. That great city ..
is a peculiar experience with i;s hungry
:ople, who have the instinct of asscpia- Tv:
)n and act together in masses. liven
good times, when o.nly the lazy and ' ,
:mov^lized ave hungry, ten, twenty, or !"
ty of these will assemble and parade
e streets, chanting in chorus: "We are
I starved out," or some similarly direct
itement of their condition, But cow (yt
e numbers are greater. Times are no: j [['
>od, and in a city of trillions of people [ '>l
ere ruust be very many men and ,.
racn who find it difiisult tc support };11
emselves, and very many more who do |'/
t try, arid a goodly proportion oi percs
who srsenj^ in liquor the little they
rn, and* then attitudinise as honest *
or men to get more. In all cities
ere are such elements; but in a city ^
iere they are evenly distributed :r:
rough.the whole population they arc kl
t left as a threatening phenomenon.
:cn neighborhood digests its own
lis. But where these elements have z
idency to aggregation they can bo :.l(
ry troublcsqmu. fbey have this tonucy
in London, and now they hare a ,tw
;ognized rendezvous. For some n.u- v}
jouiitable reason the authorises have
emitted them to seize upon and oceuTrafalgar
square and form there a ^
:t of c.amp. " From that point they jV5
lied out in procession Friday and
irche.l to the Mansion Souse to call ;;s
on the X;oru Major to make a formal
cnand for supper I. Bat as that great
ict uary wo a la not roceive them, they
rched away again and fought the ,i::
Lice ail along the route. People here
y understand how this would be if a:i ftl<
5 idle, lazy, tipsy vagrants of " *
iropolio, with a rnirrsTc; ?.? tfcosv
lly in want. sLarnd ioiln a camp in -:J
ion s?u?iro a--d hve there permanent- ovc
and sally out for beggary or menace 11 r\
small groups or processions, tarrciiz- r<J:
; not only the Jmr^diaiu neighbor- v':
;d, bi't -A\ U.u :;ii-ocis by which they 0,,<
tit., a-kt l'orming the nucleus for a or
at riot. In this city we she1 Id sot
mit suca a body to and it is
1 to y;]:j etna is allowed in the u\}
ileal ol the British empire. r;i;
n a wo
l West Pr-'ut c dci n taught that a litu
rorrj i'jan highway rou'oer. il
lacy beiieve an hour speat in cnurch i.i;;
i pay t v,:v' iAierc -;i on a week of sin. ;i .
I is titno V) revive the problem of i?.? yo:
stove. :>ci v;e dare say it will Lave to ,'u!
p'.Jpoasd. owing to a press of other a \\
mess. unt:l the c .i s stove in.
'licro fire '1 cessation cl [ha yd :
fever epi'.ie^'ci" v'o:L?. t ^
?i Y;>iiu:''.i. . j' JiCjUtiy j
CDi'.'ivi; haiii.f*1 r'jT mur-1 nui
of Deaip Eonyon. " i Oai
'he Southern Forestry Con-re^: will
- tin iluatsvillo. -liu.,"oa the"2t>tU inst. ~'-~
.1 i'acnpii yesterday thirteen cow cas^s
ellov; fever and three deaths v. ere re- >
iC'u. diti
a respect to the memory ox President in <
ntgonery, of the .Memphis Jockey Club, -vc
Memphis races have been closed. ma
HIS LIFE A SAD ONE.
1 T.iirtcen Cat* and Eleven Dnps Mr.kr Kim
Tired of Home.
(From the Baltimore American.;
i.
j ov^uuc, JLUiu. !/j-aj.ic^n an***
| eleven dogs in the house, a~d we couldn't
agree. I paid a man s5 to come round
into the yard and try to make some ar- i
rangement with the animals, so that I j
could get some rest, and tire's the cause I
oi the disagreement, ily -vi: would j
I have the dogs and cats, and resent ^.1 j
! any interference with them. We hive |
no children."
This was the answer a man -with a sad
face made to Justice Warheid yesterday,
alter ids wife hud told the ma.gist.ut_1
she aad her husband couldn't get along.
She complained that the domestic breach
was widening every day. The man
rested his head in his hand and listening
I to the story?exaggerated, to his mind?
j the wife told of her trouble. She said
[ but little oi the dogs and cats, bat whan
her husband spoke of them it Wis with
sorrow and suffering. The 'Squire ad
UUCJU1 4t\j UV) 11 JJUSQiUif-* LO JiUj Libc
clusij; differences lovingly arid n.oi let -i
little trifle like thirteen cuts and eleven
do^s wreck their happiness. 18 was evident
the animals were a burden on the
man's mind. He seemed thoroughly dejected.
The couple went out of the
court room and discussed the situation,
but it seemed impossible to come to satisfactory
terms. The number of animals
Wt-re cut down in some proportion, say
one-haf. She wanted ail her pets with
htri*. They left the station. The husband
refused to go home to bs greeted
with those playful yelps and meows, so
grating to his nerves, but music so pleasant
to his spouse. He stood on the i
corner, the picture of sadness, and iook- .
ed at the splendors to tae western sky \
us the sun was sinking and thought, ao
doubt, of life in the beyohd, wuere .
neither cats nor dogs disturb the tran- (
quility of the soul. Some thing con- :
quered him, it may be the look from his 1
wife on the other side of the street. J
With the expression of a martyr cn his 1
i'uoe, he followed his wife do^n the s
street, and the two went homa together. 1
The I*r?>iuent to the Young .'Vltrii.
Atlanta, Oct. 20.?The ?res.t evc-at c f t
nrsferday, after the sham. battle, was the *
UTchiigUt procession ot the Young Men's f
iJe.nocratic Leaguc3 of the Slate. A
\ vnching ruin was failing, hut lh.it did a
3 .t dampen the ardor of enthusiastic citi- t:e
is who thronged the streets with flaming p
... rehes. - 1(
When the torch-hearers had gathered )i
ir mud the artes;au well where I'.esidenl s;
Ji iveland stood in review, he arose, and,
liter expr ssing his appreciation of ihe cor- o
l-.d reception at the hands of the people of
Atlanta and of tite South generally, said:
"1 have scon in the West and the South
. loh demonstrations that satisfy me that in
l'1 times to come the government, of our T
'at hers is safe. [Great cheemg.j You ii
iuve illuminated in our presence lonight -r
he sentiment. 'Welcome our President.' -i
rhis voices the determination of the people f(
hat the man occupying this high cilio. c,
h.ill be President of the whole people, "
esponding to all their v-^n;c ana needs and
uided iu his ofi-tiai aciion by the dictates "r
nd coimsahdi o? the Constitution which
re. are all bound to obey. You welcome
no as your President. I am entrusted /'
fith the immediate execution of ths-.t high p
;Tice, but I beg you not to forget tonight
li :t every one ot you has a rtsp.;>r>.?: bility.
30. connected with this high otfi.'e and ' >'
very l.ranc'i; of your government. Our g;
overnmeat is such thai it : >ds the coc- *>i
:aut watchfulness of the pie. It need;leir
support. It needs their ioya'ty. I ;e
m delighted tonight that lJil? heart; C
Linonstration should be oa the pari, of the vc
o.iag men of Atlanta and of the Stati of
leorgia. Upon you, my friends, will rest ;a
i the future the preservation ar.d prot.oon
of this government r.? ours, of the
eopie, for the poouje. and by the people. )"*
[y parting words- to' you shall be: L<A
our political action he guided by *!-ought- ''l
i loess of what this government, mvuns,
:i. the purposes for whu-h it was insti- A:
:tea. ugj. cavnea away L>y enthusiasm; UL
ii;a guided by loyalty and chasi'ja. :.! by a n.'
of your responsibility, cherish '.-very
iivilege of Atneiican citizenship. With ?
K-se. and only with t'uese. are American ac
istituiions and American liberty v.*I
The Bee's? 5tin& n U-Stful Too':. *('(
? !11
A new champion has arisen iodeiona i:o
ic honey bee from the obio^-uy under I i
iiich it has always rested. Mr. Win- ye
. Clarko, of Canada, claims to in.v.- ; U
iseovered, from repeated observations, \\v
lat the most important function of liie
.'e's sting is not stinging. In repent hn
.ticle he says: bi:
My observations and reflections i 1.1 re to]
civinr^tt aie that tho mn<t i?.irw.v!;i?if \vi
lice of the bee sting is that which is w:
reformed in doing the artistic ceil wi
ork, capping the comb, and. inn:-in? an
formic acid by means of which -.vc
mey receives its keeping qualuio*. A-i oh
*aiu at Detroit, the sting is reaily a no
illfully contrived little trowel, '-virh L'i:
i:ich the bee linishes oft' and c.'.ps t!:e r'oe
lis when they are filled brimfui of fee
>ney. This explains why honey ex- he:
icted before it is capped over does :io: ioi
en well. The formic has noi iai
en injected into it. This is done in tin
e very act ox putting the last touches ; of
: the cell work. As the little pliant in;;
nvel is worked to and fro with such *ix
xterity. the darts, or which there are ~.'r:
o. pierce the plastic cell surface and wa
ire rhe nectar beneath its tiny drops a t
iiie fluid which makes it keep well, est
:is is the "art preservative" oi honey. kn<
most wonderfui provision oi nature,
ilyj Herein we sec that the sting and
c poison bag, with which so many of .
would like to dispense, are e>seaJ-*ai {
the storage of our coveted product. inc
d that without them the beautiful
:nb honey of commerce would be a 'ie
:ng unknown.
It these things are.so, how mistaken r;11
^se people are who suppose that a bee S:?
hxe the Prince of Evil, always going lr:t
out prowling in search o 1 a victim.
. .... a!, i.f. - ? a+... \ .
"v law. js uiat i;is. oee a men as 10 us
n business very diligently. and has v;;"1
to waste in unnecessary quar- . "l
A bee is like a farmer working
:u a fork in his hay ncld. He is fniiy
upied, ar.d very busy, if molested '
r?,eud!ecl with, he wiu bo v-iy apt to 'i)C
lend himself with tho implement he V :;
working with, "-t'liis is wis at tiie U*e u ?
i:s; a?v~ iuan. by means of Iiis knowl- of
the nature and i?abirs of this !rrn
(.Irons little iasecr, is enabled, in ;-yc
:.st casos. to ward oil' or cva-l - attack. 11IS
is proci of their natural quietness. "sa
lustry. and peaeeableness that so
ny thousands of them will go through "<;te
nnimur of ceaseless activity cioso to
:r dwelling house, and per;;::ps nr.* i::e
:t a do/.on Mings lie intlu-r^-i. attrition rtt L
rLoie season. '
? <ho
I "
:<w'
.lie business failures occurris^ throughthe
country during the last seven days
nber for the United States 172 and for t<
2ada >i&, or a total of 2'Jl failures, as ?
p.pared with a total of 1C? '.ast week and ,J
: the week pre*j :~;1
or several years G. W. Hunt singer, a \
ih-walker on the Hand gold mine ditch. an(]
Georgia, has walked twenty-one mile1- aU(j
ry (fry in the week, except Sundav. lj>ru
king 6 573 miles a year. " *
THE WONDER 3ALL.
j in fnj;?uious IVIaiiiier of Making Chilli'
mas Gifts Continue Their InterestAs
the season for gift-making draws
?
; nea: ingenuity in that direction will no
! doubt Lrins: forth a host of novelties,
which the eager feminine mind will be
quick to grasp. One called the "wonder
ball" is already rolling on its way. This
is of German origin, as the motive connected
with it will show, for, as a people.
the Germans, more than any other,
invest the common affairs of life with an
atmosphere of sentiment.
The wondr-r hill ic r> fnrm nf /?;*? ?
many gifts in one. The friends of - the
one who is lo receive it are in amiable
cahoots together, and by their united efforts
it is produced. An amount of
bright v;ool is bought, say enough for a
shoulder shawl, or even for an pfghan.
The gifts, which should be of small bulk,
are wrapped in paper, with the giver's
name, a note, cr any other personal remembrance
affixed, and then the yarn is
WQund r'.bGui trifilHt is 'covered", wlcen
another is added and the same process
repeated. *
This goes on until all the gifts are included
in the package, one at a time,
each interwoven with its concealing web
of threads.
Now comes the charm! The receiver
is requested to knit from that ball or to
crochet any article they may choose to
fix upon, and not by any chance to un
v.ind the yarn, only so fast as the work
progresses. It is like undoing a long
Christmas stocking with presents in it
down to the very toe.
And see what a stimulus to industry!
Curiosity will grow stronger as each gift
appears, and the work is pretty certain
to be swift and soon completed.
Here is an example of one wonder balL
A. lady had a birthday, and her friends
lecided to give a handsome work-basket
md its furniture. German knitting yarn
vas bought for a skirt?two colors, four
lanks of blue and two of pink. This of
tseif would make a huge ball, but in.
eparate packets were inclosed a thimble/
i case of scissors, an elaborate assortnent
of needles, needle-leaves, ? spool)c::,
spools of every number and color of
bread and silk, an emery strawber.y, a
ape measure, and other trifles. Ihese
rere int'erwound until the ball was of
ormidable proportions.
Then it was presented in th^ basket
nd the lady given to understand she was
o work herself into a knowledge of her
resents or to remain in ignorance. Alywing
for this work only such chance
iinutes of leisure as a busy woman can
aatch from more pressing duties, it
rould take a month to get at the heart
f that wonder ball.
The Greatest of Great "Walls*
Says a correspondent of the Milling
Vorld, who lias recently been traveling
i China: Or course -ve had o go to the
re at wail ot China This country
bounds in great walls. He: mural de":nses
were most extensive ? walled
una try, walled cities, walled villages,.
r:*.lied palaces and temples?wall after
ail and wall within walL But the
reatest of aii is the great wall of China,
hick crests the mountain range and
-osses the gorge from here some forty
tiles away. Squeezing through thei_ .
dec :) gorge :tud :i deep lift in - tie
>lid rock cut out by ages of rolling
heels and tramping feet, we reaeh. the
ear, frowning, double has ticked gate
; stone and hard burned brick?one
ehw:iy tumbled in. This was the obet
of our mission, the great wall of
iiinn, built two hundred and thirteen
::irs before our era: built of great
abs Oi" weil hewn stone, laid in regur
court s some twenty feet high and
c;i !o|);..od out with large, hard burned
ieks. filled in with eartn and closely
ivcd on the top with mors, dark,
ick?the ramparts high and thick
id castellated for the use of arms,
ght and left the gresri wall sprang far
i the mountain, side?now 'straight,
>w curved, to meet the mountain
ige. tuvreted each three hundred feet
a frowning mass of masonry. No
toil to tell you of this wall; the books,
ill tell you how it was built to koop
e warlike Tartars out?twenty-live
?t high by forty thick, twelve hundred
:;es long, with room on top for six;
irses to be driven abrea^i Nor need
ell you that for fourteen hundred
a;s it kept those hordes at bay, nor
at, in the main, the material used
on it is just as good and firm and
ong as when put in place. Twelve
ulred miles cf this gigantic work
lit on the rugged, craggy mountain
).s, vaulting over gorges, spanning
do streams, netting the river arch--.
:ys with huge hard bars of copper,
:!i double gates, with swinging doors
u oars set tii>clc with, iron ^rn>or?a
muor in the world before- which the
lime classic seven woadurs, all gone
w save the great pyramid, were toys,
a great pyramiu hj>s 85.000,000 cubic
t, the great wall 0,350.000,000 cubic
engineer in Seward's party
re some years ago gave it as his opini
that the cost of tnis wall, figuring
>or at the same rate, would more
m equal that of all the 100.000 miles
railroad in the United States. The
.terial it contains would build a wall.
fo,ot high and two feet thick right
aighs around the <r';obe. Yet this
s done in only twenty years without
Ac-o or or bond It is clie greatindividuai
labor the woi*id has ever
i>wn.
A Rick Sfar.'s Whim.
jne o'i San Joaquin county's rich
n was at Sacramento recently. His
0,000 did not make him a bit proud;
walked the street:, with leaky shoes
ii sun-burned coat, despite a driving
n. A kind-hearted gentleman caught
hv of the old fellow as the latter
alons, an:i hailed him.
Co .no, old wan," he said, "you
ri.'a't io be out in a storm like this
h shoes like yours. ("ome, I'll get
i :it cent pair.'1
I played over the rich man's
e. 11: followed.
The generous stranger bought him
>ts and started him ciL His heart
- moved by this instance of the big
rlii's coldness toward the poor ana
ill. au; as lie watched the old fellow
;ige away, gleefully eyeing his new
>ts and carrying his old shoes under
arm. the stranger wiped away a
i*.
i. few days after this had happened
stranger came to Stockton, and met
man he had befriended in Sacraito.
Of course his first glance was
he place where the new boots ought
be. hut they were not there?the
e:i iiad' got back.
i say, old man," he remarked,
iio-t's became of those boots?"
I soid 'em." w
How much?" * 1
Two dollars." '
'lie stranger has found nnf enmo.
since then, and is hunting for
{Cat.} Mail.
[etai-covered : aves. set in brooches
. made into so^riia.js. from the trees
. bushes at L:tkc Siarnbenr. where
i K'i-.i: LiaUv? drowned himself,
no* in ih?-' s'ores in iluuiclu