The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, August 17, 1887, Image 1

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''7"j 11 ' L ^'' | VOL. XLIV. WIXNSBORO, S'. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 17. 1SST. NO, 3. xlji .va^ir.. gj:j,-j5sry?cr.s-. ^I'^-ju-.'^r.^_visjjc W" TH-E GROWISG CROPS CONDITION AND GENEJiAT- OUTLOOK ON THK f"IICST OF AX." GUST. ^ Excellent Prospects Tor ;: Gre:it Yie'<l of Cotton?Heavy Ket'.uction in the Condi ^ lion oi Vorn---\<> iiaproveiueui. m cj?i TVheat?A I'oor Kru.it Washington, August 10.?The August - report of the Department oi Agriculture i __ gives the following facts and figures as to the condition of the growing crops throughout the country: r cotton. The past month has been favorable, j except that the rainfall has been un-1 equally distributed in point of time, the j drought threatening at one period ana j damaging rains following. In the east- j e:m belt the excess of moisture predomi-j ^ nates as a factor -of depreciation. The j weed is therefore large and sappy, and} the fruit fail appears in some fields J serious, and some cases of rust appear. I * In Louisiana similar conditions have j BP prevailed, and only very partially in Mj Mississippi Texas has been too dry, j thong:- the drought has not as jet bc-ei; j disastrcnis or severe. The prevalent j status of the crop is very' good for the J 1st of August. Willie the reports recognize this as a critical time and fear the effect of subsequent droughts on the green and succulent condition of the j plant, yet, in a comparison of ten years, rthe August condition is only exceeded by that of 1SS2 and 18S5, the one producing a large crop and the other an under medium yield. The general average condition is 93.3, which is lower, by over three points, than that of July. The State averages are as follows: Yir- j ginia 91, North Carolina 96, South. Car olina do, Georgia 91, Florida 96, Ala- j bam a 93, Mississippi "S, Louisiana l% ~ Texas bS, Arkansas 07, Tennessee 95. W The first brood of caterpillars has apr peared in several States, but is not generally mentioned in the returns. It is I reported in Gxangebaig an:! Berkeley, j S. C., in Calhoun, Taylor, Dooly and | .Lav ns, Georgia; in Hale and Dallas, ! Ali?.fuirr>?.r in Stark. Xewton. Issaoueena i ^ jktibbeha, Mississippi; in Ilea , dossier, .Richland, 2yatcbitociies .berville, Louisiana, and in Steph6 Oamp and Jackson, Texas. The boll .verm is much less frequently mentioned. CEREALS. The prospect a month ago was for a | V very heavy crop oi com and the rate ol j ||&^ ^ vieid about the average. lis condition j in all the States of the Atlantic coast is ; fife -now unimpaired and of very high prom- j ise. In Texas and Tennessee the coadi- j tion has declined materially. In the j |jgr central com region, however,"in the val-1 ft, lejs of the Ohio and the Missouri, where j two-thirds of the crot> 13 rrrovm and the 1 commercial supply is procured, a very j r heavy reduction has taken piuce, which ! has made the national average 80.7, in- ! stead of ST. 7 last month. The cause is ' ) ' the long-continued drought, which hat; been severest in Kansas, Illinois:, Indi- i | ana, Ohio and Michigan. Nebraska has | b&cn pcotvIwff oa' the sovcthafy T?oz<Xcr. f and Iowa and Missouri have escapcd : with comparatively light loss, as h . x j i the more Northern States. The seven j corn surplus states stai^a as loucws: | Ohio S2, Indiana G?, Illinois Go, j.o~? i)0. Tlissuri 80, Kansas GO, Nebraska To. The condition of spring wheat, which was reported very low last month, irom ravages oi chinch bug, is not improved in the August returns, but has fallen ofT very slightly. The genera! average is i I 78.8, two points less than the August reI W turns ol last jear. Dakota has made a slight change and stands highest in condition. The average for Wisconsin is 73, Minnesota 70, Iowa 72, Nebraska 77, ^Dakota 80. In the extreme east and j ^Pacific coast the condition of spring wheat is high. There is no report ol winter wheat the present month, as it is too early to obtain results. In the oats crop there is no change. A part of the breadth was harvested at last reports. The condition averages OX f"? rt /?vat\ t>l irrh tt nr?. W.V, WJLUC.U llxuiuaico (M uv^/ u-tA" der the average. The barley crop promises to yield ||mk rather better than was feared last month. Hp The eastern product averages a higher Wp condition, but is reduced slightly since last reports. The average is 86.2, indicating nearly an average yield. Buckwheat appears to be practically ^ LLIU 02U11V lilob diiU ituyui' 90.3 in condition. TOBACCO. The tobacco crop is in high condition rin the seed leaf States, averaging nearly 100, except in Winconsin. The shipping and cutting district of the West make unprecedented reports oi low condition ?Tennessee 53, Kentucky 59; Ohio 55, Indians 56, Illinois 52, ^Missouri 60. In view of the heavy reduction in acreage in fragments, the usual crop may be expected. An official investigation of the area now in progress will determine authoritatively the breadth cultivated the present year. POTATOES. mere is a great reduction sincc tne 1st of July in the conaitioruof potatoes, almost entirely ihe result of drought. There is no material decline on the Atlantic or Jaulf coasts, but the injury is severe in the West. The loss during v the month as reported is fully 20 per cfcnt. of the prospective crop. fruit. T* "rait crop is very poor. There few apples outside ZSew England ;v York. There will be a partial I .n Michigan. In the Ohio River _;es ilie harvest will be nearly an entire failure. hay. Bk The hay crop is also greatly reduced. lipP" In the "West the general crop is SO. ? Hp THE CHOPS IN THE STATE. The CoiiJitioJ? of Cotton, Corn, Kice and Otlier Croi>s. as Keporleil to tlie Department of Agriculture. The consolidation of the crops for the month ending August 1st, from returns (to the South Carolina Department ?* Agr "allure, shows the following interesting facts and figures: The estimates given are based upon 271 replies, covering every countjin the State. Two hundred and thirteen cor I respondents report that the weather lias been favorable and forty-two unfavorable. cottox. The crop was thought to be slightly injured by the excessive hot weather during a few days of the month, but timely rains came and the crop was recovering, when the heavy rains continuing have caused the cotton to shed some of its fruit. The crop was two or three weeks, earlier than last year, and, therefore, has a full bottom crop. Some L, of our correspondents say that if the seasons continue three "weeks longer that a full crop will be gathered, and that it will be the largest yield that has been zsj jir tix:; *" L,imi/zrun-v produced in this State for several year.-, if not the -digest ever produced. But there aro. .so many casualties that may arise before the maturity of the crop from continued heavy rains, drought | and the caterpil'ar; which has appeared I in some localities, that it may, in our j I VS-*.* 4- -vw*,-, 11 T- A?>.j*?rr/-. * 1? nvoi'. ? I age for the Slate. | The condition is reported in upper 1 Carolina at 1)7 per cent.; middle CaroiiI na a<-102 per cent., and in lovrer Carolina at S^) per cent. An average for the State j of 91) per cent., showing a falling of 2 j per cent, for the State iince our lust reI port: but, nevertheless, tkecrop is still ! better tiian for years- up to this "date. coe.v. The corn crop is reported generally to "U'. + !?/% r s?r-/ .v /M?A-vn i r> *T?/V | W taC/ ^ -XI IUV IM.VV. j riie early upland corn is matured and secured from injury. The late corn lias received rains su?icient to almost bring it to perfection. The condition of the crop is reported in upper Carolina at 99 per cent.; middle Carolina 102 per cent., and lower Carolina 97 ptr cent.; an average for the State of 99 per cent., against 9-i per cent, for June, and 83 per cent, compared to the crop of last year. This percentage will bo somewhat reduced j owing to the freshets, which has de- j stroked much cf the corn planted on j 1 *- 1~~ L~ XT ! river auu oreex jjuoiunib, out, .vuu drawbacks and the increased acreage and yield, the crop will be the largest ever produced. iilCE. The reports for a large crop of rice for the acreage planted still continues favorable, and if it is nut injured by the present floods, which cannot now be determined, will be the largest for a number of years. The condition is reported for upper Carolina at 04 uer cent., middle Carolina at 99 per cent., anil lc?rer Carolina at OS per cent. An average for the State of 97 per cent., the same as June report. OTHER CROPS. The condition of the ether crops is reported as follows: Sorghum, for upper Carolina at 97 per cent., middle Carolina at 97 per cent., and lower Carolina at 97 per cent, an average for the State of 97 per cent. bcrar cane, tor upper uuroana oo per c-eni. -_addie Carolina 93 per cent., and lower Carolina at 07, an average for the State of 92 per cent. Pease, for upper Carolina at 08 percent., middle Carolina 100 per cent., and for lower Carolina at 05 per cent., an average for tlie State of 38 per ce;;i.. and our correspondents report a large increase in tlie acreage ovei previous } ears. Irish potatoes reported for upper Carolina at 80 per cent., middle Carolina at 03 per cent., and lower Carolina at 80 per ccnt. Sweet potatoes are reported for upper Carolina at 05 per cent., middle Carolina at 100 per j cent, and lower Carolina at 97per cent., j OT v*rtn / A>?^ ! au iui CULC ci ?/i ]/c- ctiiu j Our correspondents report this crop in fine condition, and as the crop lias been j increased 2 per cent, in acreage the j ield must necessarily be very large. DEATH OF A VARIOUS UNION Sl'V. Pari! aw V/arsley. TVfco Followed Mogby ami Lee. is No More. Pardav.- Warsley. the "Union suy of -rhc Sn<*T?fln<?oak.:' at lii? liomo at Foster Brook, Is". Y., last week, aged sixty-seven 5ears. Beginning life as a fancy goods merchant in Massachusetts, at the opening oi the war he raised a company of the Fourteenth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He was soon afterwards employed by Major-General 13. F. Butler in the name of the United States to go into the British provinces to look into the svstcm of blockade running then in vogue. He was successful in this mission, for Major-General C. G. Augur, in his report of August 25, 1865, says that it was through the instrumentality of Mr. Warsley that the extensive 1 ? r~+ Th/'.vys b v ? i'j ill Ui uiruiii ^ iicia j-juj ljlmore and Washington was broken up. Airer returning from this trip Warsley went out as a spy upon Mosby under Augur, though not until he had returned to ?5oston and married Helen Isabelle Francis, survives him. Accompanied by his young wife, Warsley set out ostensibly upon a pedaling trip through Virginia. His real object was soon* suspected by Mosby, and a spy was placed upon bis track. The spy was a handsome young lady who was to be conducted to Washington by Warsley. The Union spy was too smart to be caught, and, instead of n si riff his r>ass through the Union lines. lie conducted tlae lady through swamps and by-roads until she became disgusted with the trip, and she returned to Mosby convinced of the loyalty of Warsley. Mosby'was not convinced, and at one time placed a pistol to Warsley's head, threatening to blow his brains out. The young lady interceded and Warsley's life was saved. Afterwards Mosby became his firm friend, fighting a duel with a nephew of General Lee because Lieutenant Lee had set a guard upon Warsley and had condemned him as a spy. On two occasions Warsley furnished information by which the Federal forces were enabled to surround the house in which Mosby was quartered, but .the dashing Eebel cut his way out and escaped. On several occasions Warsley got information of intended raids upon Washington in time to allow the authorities to mass their-' forces and save the capital. At the time of the assassination of Pr.'-cndpnf, I^nnnln Warslev was siven command of a squad of detectives. When Booth was killed Warsley returned to private life, and for years nvi a park restaurant in the Bradford oil litlds. A Mathematical Wonder. Higginsville, Mo., has a mathematical wonder who doesn't know a letter of the alphabet or one printed figure from ? T i- J3 1 T ? anuuier,- uuL wnv is >vunutri?unj ou.ui-15 on mental calculations, making them oil-hand. His name is Reuben Fields, and he is 36 years of age. He claims that his gift was given from Heaven, and' says it came to him suddenly when eight years old. He says the Lord made but one Saxason, one Solomon, and one Eeub Fields. To the one he gave strength, the other wisdom, and to himself, mathematical instinct. He guard* his instinct with the utmost care, and \i ill not answer questions unless he is pa:d, fearing that it will be taken from h'm shoe id lie use it to satisfy iclie curiosity.?New York Sun. Toe leprous distilraent, whose elrcct Holds such an enmity with bluod of man, That.swifi as quicksilver, it courses through The natural gates and alleys of the body," and'causes the skin to become "barked about, most lazar-like. with vile and loathsome crust." Such are the effects of diseased and morbid bile, the only antidote for which Is to cleanse and regulate the liver?an office admirably performed by Dr. Pierce's "Golden Medical Discovery." Some one threw a head of cabbage at Ignatius Donnelly while he was making a j speech once. Ke paused a second and said: | Gentlemen, I only asked for your ears: I l don't care for your heads 1"' He was not I finv mr.ro ^nrino- tVio romoinHpr nf ' his speech. ? * % BlSMAIiCK'S KiC SCHEME. A Kewarka'ole Project Which the German C!iwrcll?>r is Sai<l to Have in" View? Ctriii;iny Want* Holland. Special to the New York Herald*.) Fxaxkfoet, August 8.?By a very lucky coincidence I. have just had a highly ink-resting conversation "sith a j loreJgu capiomas/i&i/ wiiust: u;gu musuuuu. enables him to have as clear an insight into the views and ulterior aims of Prince Bismarck as perhaps any man living con have. The diplomatist in question was passing through Frankfort on his tvav to a fashionable German watering place, and the fortune of travel placed us in the sumo railr/ay carriage. I called the diplomatist's attention to the report published by the Brassels Gazette i;o the eli'ect that the German stall were .completing a measure by which in twenty-lour hours some 400,000 German troops could be thrown into Holland. The diplomatist said: "That report is so near to the truth that it is sure to be contradicted. German designs upon Holland, are, in my opinion, the key note of Prince Bismarck's future projects. Prince Bismarck. if he cloaks his acts, seldom conceals his opinions, and I have serious reasons that iustifv mv conviction that before long Prince Bismarck will, by an ! adroit move, use Holland ?s the means, strange as it may seem at first sight, of cementing friendship with France and of acquiring a colonial empire for Germany." I remarked: "I don't quite understand you. How could this be done?" "In this way. Suppose some day Germany were to say to Prance, 'Ton may have Alsace-Loraine back again provided you will let Germany nave carte blanche elsewhere and agree to Germany absorbing Holland and all the iioiland colonies.' A proposition to reinrn ti?e lost provinces would be received :n France with, leaps and bounds of joy. At heart the French and Germans do not hate each other nearly as bitterly as the French and English do. "I lirmiy believe that Prince Bismarck really contemplates such a move. The Chancellor never follows well-beaten linos of diplomatic routine. His genius is as indefinable as that of a poot, a founder of religion, or of an artist. His diplomatic thunderbolts strike at one moment in Schieswig-Holstein, then in Austria and sgain in Francs. He is not the man to have made such extraordinary sacrifices to lay the foundation of ] < * ?"i- -?j~: * 1 *, 74. I urermaa uuio.uiz.auou uc t>ui-s of reaping a rich harvest." ' The Chancellor knows that every German who emigrates to America is forever lost to Germany. The moment Germany has colonies of her oto this vast drain upon the Fatherland can not only be checked, but transformed into a priceless source of strength. The vast colonies of Holland offer exactly what Germany wants. They could be at once made profitable without spending a siu gie thaler. Holland lias suns millions j of gulden and thousands of men in Java j ana Sumatra. With Germa.i organiza- J tion and energy the Dutch Indies would I form a sort ot wedge or strategic vantage j ground, dividing England's two great j coloniai bulwarks?Australia and India, j "Prince Bismarck feels that France i and Germany are natural allies, and that the real enemy of Germany, France and .Russia is England. It is on this basis that the future of Europe and Asia is to be settled?the Continent for the Continentals; Germany to cement lasting friendship with France by giving her back Aisace-Loraine and thereby realize her magnilicent dream of colonial empire; and Kussia, under the segis of Germany and France, to secure the road, not only to Constantinople, but to a much coveted port on the Indian Ocean, between Persia and British India. "It is to-day not France, but England, that is the Chancellor's bete noire. Everywhere he turns it is England that opposes his interests. In tho Balkan Peninsula it is England that is straining every nerve to create small independent nationalities into barriers against Russian and Austrian conquest And as to the domination that Bismarck is trying to bring about in Egypt, England is the dog in the manger that prevents Bism<)w>fe'K nnHr.v r>f T.lnoinrr Pcrvr.t nndnr French or continental control. In Central Asia it is England that prevents Russia from developing southward?a policy which was always felt by Bismarck to be a necessity, in order to enable Germany to hold her own in Central Europe. Everywhere it is England that stands in the Chancellor's way." And here the diplomatist lighted a Ireih cigar, and added, with a significant smile: ' In spite of these plain facts England, in the present naval manoeuvres, .seems to have utterly ignored the possibility of defenee against a German or an allied French, German and Russian fleet attacking her from the North Sea. The British naval authorities seem to have only provided for the case of French invaders coming from Cherbourg or " *"~l? Sam Joacsat Chautauqua. The lecture of Sam Jones on "Character and Character" is going on, and as I now write in hearing of much he says, it is cL-ar that he has his audience well in hand and is playing upon the thousands who listen as the harper plays upon the strings of his instrument. As often, on an average, as once a minute there bursts forth the most stormy applause. The man is at his best, and this, i is with him a field day. He has distinguished between character and reputation, character and orthodoxy, character ana proiessions ana relations, anu as now picturing the relation of character to temperance, high-license, prohibition an .l a great many other interests oi practical life. He is absolutely fearless, and really he loves a shining mark. He has no more love or reverence for lords and nobles, judges and bishops, than for tramps, when discussing questions of right and wrong. He seems to be oblivious to even-thing but one, and to concentrate himself into a lightning bolt for the purpose of striking the one point he wishes to hit hard.?Correspondence Buri'alo Courier. Pianos and Or gnu*. All of the best makes. $25 cash and balance November 1, at spot cash prices on a Piano. $10 ca^h unci balance Sov<.mber 1, at spot cash prices on an 0 gan. Delivered, freight free, at your nearest depot. Fifteen days test trial and freight both ways if not satisfactory. Write for circulars. N\ W. TEUMP, * Columbia, S. C. Some of the so-called London nobility has been entertaining Richard K. Fox, who publishes a paper in Xew York that is considered too foul Jo be legally sold in some ft/inimmiifinc flio ~P,litre Cln?e11j> Tto no. bility of England are a nice set. William Mcllwain, colored, was shot, though not fatally, last Saturday night by Mr. W. S. R. Harper, while in the act ot stealing watermelons from Mr. Harper's patch in Lancaster. 1 [timely topics foe farmers.} I HOW TO DO PAYIXG TTCKK AT THIS SEASON. SujfgestioBSof Interest, frojn an Authoritative Source. (W. L. Jonc*s In Southern Cultivator) August is usually a racntii of comparative rest on the Southern farm. The, arduous labor of cultivating the two most important crops is pretty vrell over on every well-managed farm, excepting, possibly, in the extreme northern edge of our peculiar territory. Although July 1st is literally the midway station in the year's calendar, August 1st -is reallv nearer the dividing line between . the work of cultivation and the labors < of the harvest. Yet there may be some < work that may profitably be done in the < continued cultivation of the QPtton field. : SHALL PLOV.ING CONTINUE? It depends on the condition of the plants and seasons. If the crop is in a growing condition, end jEuiting:- well, J but is rather later in development . than it should be, the cultivators, or j shallow-running sweeps and scrapes, may ( be run over the fields every ten days, , particularly after a rainfall sufficient to j form a crust Root-cutting and mangling \ muss oe careiuny avoided, as.. me eiiect , will be to cause the plant to shed its ( fruit and then take on a new growth too j late to amount to anything. The object novv- should be to prevent the shedding of the squares already formed, and encourage their development into blooms and boils, since very few that make their appearance after the tenth of the month. will escapo the first killing frosts of October. Late cotton should be encouraged to keep up a vigorous growth, not that the additional development of tlie weed will increr.se tiic number ot j bolls by the formation of new squares, j but that the squares and young bolls may be hastened to full size and earlier j maturity. Where sweeps and scrapes j have been used during June and July, if , cultivation be continued now, ir is better } to run the implement in the same furrow previously last run, and thns avoid plunging the plow into the ridges of soil cast up at the plowing. One furrow in 4 the middle using a twenty-inch sweep, scrape or cultivator, will generally be all that is now required. TOPPING COTTON. ( Many experiments have been made in 1 topping cotton in .the last forty years, ( and the results and conclusions have \ been very divc-rse. Sometimes it pays; < oiten ifc doe? not; sometimes it injures. \ ~So rule can be given that will always ? work. The usual object in topping is ] to prevent further growth of weed and j forms after the plant has as many as it ] can sustain, and when new forms would ? be too late to mature; the idea being to \ induce the plant to throw all its vigor j into the effort to develop the forms al- j ready visible. The object, according to ] ocr observation, is rarely attained by j merely removing tne growing top 01 me i < plant, but may often be accomplished by j \ topping or lopping oil' the growing ends j of the branches, as well as the leader. \ In raost cases where topping cotton re- ; suited in increasing the yield it might < have been noticed that the work was < done rather early?some time in July. : Every one has observed that stalks of ( cotton that were topped by the- bite of < the plow-horse early in the season are ' often made mnch more fruitful thereby. } T_ T. J.U ~ *.? i-lv ~ ~ jm such eases uie tiieui. u? uic caiy iajjj- j piug was probably to push the branches j of the stalks into more vigorous growth, ^ causing a more rapid evolution of forms. ( On the whole, we have very little faith t in topping cotton as a part of a regular ] system. ? I'ULLIXG TODDEIi. c The propriety of pulling fodder, i. e., 2 whether it does not injure the grain more t than the fodder is worth, tc pull the J blades as is usually done, is one of the 1 questions that has been long mooted, 1 but never settled. Experimenters differ j in results and conclusions. Possibly t each is correct in the results of his ex- 1 periment, but wrong in his general con- t elusions. The only true conclusion is, 1 that pulling the blades sometimes does, 2 and sometimes does not, injure the grain 1 mriffl Klion vnlnA nf flip fndrlpr sp cured. It is commonly said, in com- ? parison with the animal system that the s blades of coin are the lungs of the plant, a by means of which the plant takes in 1 nutriment from the air; and as an animal t will at, once die if deprived of its lungs, i therefore the corn will be injured by re- i moving the blades?a very singular and c altogether unwarranted conclusion. If ( it is said that the plant will die if de- t prived of its blades?lungs?the simile i would be perfect and the conclusion cor- 1 i Tl : -i. ; 1 reci/. jLt is tt iu vcgcwuic cuvjuviiij -? that the leaves or blades of plants con- 1 tinue gieen and succulent for a time I after they have ceased to be at all neces- t sary to the perfection of the fruit or i seed. Familiar illustrations of this law J may be found on every hand. In the case of the corn plant, under favorable t and natural conditions of soil and sea- t son, the ear of corn?the fruit of the a punt?is among the first parts'to show x signs of maturiiy. The tassel and silk f perform their olKces, and are the first to g fade; then the husk or shuck, and the f enclosed grain. This succession will be noted particularly when corn is grown 1 ori fresh lands or soils abounding in 1 'humus. On worn and exhausted soils, 1 or soils deprived of vegetable matter, a and easily influenced by drouth, the ] blades often "dry up" before the grain 1 is fully matured. In such cases it is un- 2 doubtly true that to hasten the stripping t of the blades, without reference to the 1 condition of the ear, would result in t more or less injury and loss of weight of ? grain. Of this every farmer must be his 1 judge. Be governed by the condition ] of the ear, and not the blades altogether, t in <incr irssf trhon t.r> wimmpnflA rmll < ing. i There is nothing in the way of hay 1 that is more generally relished by stock < than nicely cured corn blades; and there i are only a very few kinds (clovers and 2 lucern) that are more nutritious. Our 1 horses and cattle are generally reliable i judges; and they turn from the best < meadow hay, and prefer corn fodder. < The Northern and Western farmers do 1 not appreciate the quality of well cured i corn blades, because under their system s they do not pull the blades as we do, < "but cut down stalk and all, and treat the ] stalk and blades, after removing the < ears, as so much roughness, er "stover," lit only to be picked over by cattle, and ] the buik of it trampled under foot into < the manure. With their rich meadows 1 and mowers they cannot affoid the i tedious labors involved and meagre re- : turns from the practice of fodder-pulling i as followed by Southern farmers. They : are right, and we are wrong in this matter. . if only the labor devoted to pulling and housing corn blades in the j iSouth were employed in preparing meadows and mowing grass the result j would add millions of dollars to the < value of our farm results. We would ; 1 then be encouraged to increase the area j i El?. V'.HJTl If y;..VH'PV devoted to' grass ion mowing to any desired extent, until our bams would be filled with plenty for horses, mules, sheep and cattle, and the sorry spectacle of half-famished animals, shivering in the cold and rain, and moaning for their stinted and often forgotten allowance of shucks, would be banished from among us. To do this we are not dependent on the doubtful success or the standard hay grasses from abroad. We have our own native?at least thoroughly naturalized ?crab grass,- crowfoot, Bermuda, and eeferal species of paspalums; besides several species of millet, Indian corn, clover, lucem, etc. Of course, if there is no other resource for hay, and nothing aortf profitable for the hands to do, the fodder should be pulled. A common Sdd hand, costing say fifty cents a day, SiiVC UilC UUiiai 3 VTV-us.JL Vi , and possibly Dot seriously injure the join?a very good operation. The plan of 'cutting the stalks down will not answer in our climate, and without other resource of better forage. j- \ . t WHAT MAY BE PLAM2D.:- ! . -August has sometimes Ueeit - called a second spring, in allusion to the fact that many of the crops planted first in the earlier months may again be put in, but chiefly because it is the beginning o? seedtime for all of the grasses and small grain. Many of-the garden vegetables, including turnips, beets, beans, toi&atoes, Irish potatoes, etc., may be planted with reasonable prospect of successful results. It is the main month Fnr simrincr all tlie ronffhleaved varieties !>f toniips. Success depends?more than in fthe spring?on deep preparation, libera! manuring with well rotted stable maafrure, or quickly soluble fertilizers, good seasons. With little effort, ind' reasonable weather, most of the garden vegetables may be had in plenty mtil frost. We have several times succeeded well in producing an abundant mpply of tomatoes from plants grown .'rom cutting off the old plants. A cut ;ing containing a vigorous shoot, with a portion of the older stein attached, Tviil eadily strike root; and it set in a deep.y dag soil and shaded for a few days it sill soon ccme into bearing and continue mtfl killed by frost. BOB TOOMBS'S DEBUi. Bounded Into the- Arena Like a I i BiackOIaned Xumidian Lion.': CFrom tbe Louisville Courier-Journal.) The first evidence of the coming power ( >f this remarkable man was exhibited at . vVilkngton, a small village in Abbeville ' iistrict (as the present countics were , hen erJIed), South Carolina. General ' 3-eorge MeDnflle, the only representative of Demosthenes in 'this country since Patrick Henry, lived near there , tfcDuflie was harnessed lightning. He ! :orged the chain of logic at a white heat. . Ee was the most nervous, impassioned , tnd thrilling tribune of the people of hat day. lie demonstrated the political problems as Euclid did geometry, while j oaming at the mouth and screaming > ike a painted Creek Indian. He had ' narried the only daughter of Dick Sin- ' jiCLAJllj UlIO ucicuxai'w'a jLu.juua.vaa?.^jL^ UC*J.X < nan and rice planter, ani| lie owned fonr : lundred slaves and made eight hundred jales of cotton a year. He had been a , nemlrsr of Coegross, governor of South ' ^irolina, and was afterwards United \ states Senator. The people, before j naking up their minds on any political . question, would say "2th. McDuifie is . roiog to speak at Morrow's old field two j veeks from now, and I will wait till I lear him," and there they would come orty and fifty miles, and camp out. the light before to hear him, and his speech vould decide the politics of the entire ;ountrj once a year. On this WiUing:on occasion it was said that "the everlisting mouthed Bob Toombs 'was :oming over to meet him." Four thoniand people were there when that rash "oung Georgian crossed the Savannah o meet the lion in his den, to beard the Douglas in his halls. Toombs rode a lorse, and it was remarked that his shirt josom was stained with tobacco-juice. Let he was one of the handsomest men hat ever had the seal of genius on his )row. Kis head was round as the celesial globe. His abundant, straight, iWlr liftir Vmnrr in r>rnfnsion over his < imple, marble forehead. He had as $ nany teeth as a shark, and they were ] ?hiter than ivory. His eyes were black ] is death and bigger than an ox's. His i ,tep was as graceful as the wild-cat's, ind yet he weighed two hundred pounds, j Etis presence captivated even the idola- ' ors of George McDuilie. He bounded t nto the arena like a black-maned Nu- ( nidian lion from the unknown deserts < >f middle Georgia, to reply to the i Olympian Jupiter of the up-couutry of j he proud Palmetto State. It was the j aost memorable overthrow that Mc Duffie ever sustained. This was in tlie ( larrison-Van Buren election of 1840. ] lis argument, his invective, his over- \ )earing torrent of irreverent denuncia- j ion, is a tradition in that country even ] low. McDuffie said: "I have heard < rohn Randolph, of Roanoke, and met | rristam Burgess, of Khode Island, but ; his wild Georgian is the I?lirabeau of his age." After that South Carolina ] idmitted thaf. Georgia was something^ nore than the refuge of South Carolina ] Yigitives from yistice. This was the beginning of Toombs's immortal Southern i ame. ] Since the recent death of ex-Senator . M. T. Hunter, of Virginia, Senator | nf Tstos nnrl Av-frnvprnr>T T. 1 3. Watts, of Alabama, are tlie only stir- ] dving members of Mr. Davis's cabinet. \ Reagan vras postmaster general and < kV.itts attorney general. At Montgome- ; y, Ala., there was a secret session of i .lie cabinet to see whether we should jombard Fort Sumter. Toombs was ( .lien secretary of State and was regarded is the most rash, headstrong and violent \ nan in the Confederacy. While in the " * -n/r_ -r\ _ ~ Jicseiice ox mi, jl/uvib, tu? uuu>iu.\jtz ui : 1 he cabinet gave their opinions in favor | ] )f the bombardment, Mr. Toombs was, ; is was his custom, pacing the floor. < SVhen it came his turn to express his ] )pinion, to the amazement of all he ( rehementiy opposed the attack, and i nade one" of the most remarkable ] speeches of all hi.; life in opposition to j t. He said it would be the doom of the j Confederacy. He said: "Let Charleston 1 ^ _ t -x -j. u jo. u-ive up aumxer. uei it ue pru- , risioned, but never explode the volcano ;hat is under our feet." He said it was , >uicide and madness and would lose us . -very friend in all the North, and exhibited ail his magnificent powers in , opposition to the attack. He said: "Mr. President, you will wantonly strike a lornet's nest that fills the North from ocean to ocean, and legions, now quiet, sill swarm out to sting us to death. It is unnecessary; it puts us in the wrong; . itisfataL" And so it was. Toombs was ;he wisest and the greatest of all th. , statesmen of the Southern Confederacy Young men or middle-aged ones, suffering from nervous debility and kindred weaknesses should send 10 cents in stamps for illustrated book suggesting sure means :>f cure. Address, world's Dispensary Medical Association, 6G3 Main street, Buffalo, N. Y. wii i to::?. \u'm'r. spanuii < f; ie~ A few years a^o an expert employed by the United States Signal Service declared that tliere r.;i> no conceivable reason why a tomado should spare a large city. He even vent so far as to say that it "was possible that a funnel-shaped cload would one day strike New York, wrecking the city and twisting the great P.rnokivri bridet! into a corkscrew. The Chicago later-Ocean takes a different view?starting o-it with the assumption that the immunity enjoyed by large cities in the past is solid ground lor the belief that there is no ("larger to be apprehended. It is, nevertheless, admitted that a whirling aerial sha.fi having a diameter of 2,000 feet, and moving at the rate of 800 miles an hour would crush the most substantial buildings like so many eggshell?. The Inter-Ocean says: "The reason is very plaiu, and may be easily understood, even by people unvers-ju in scientitic lore. The tornado at the outset is a simple, whirling shaft of air. caused, as we believe, by the wind currents from, nearly opposite directions, of unequal- tunpevature and different degrees of humidity. When it is fairly started on its course it generates immense quantities of electric llaid. In act- it becomes a swiftly moving djnamo, generating enough eiectiieity to make it luminous, and leaving evidence of the burning iio.id in its pathway. It is the theory- of some who have written on the subject thut the tornado is primarily r.A f r*^rs\r\ V\nf 4-nic n?c? W'l-UOW . i/y LiUuWiU U-V> 7 IL/UW ULt>J HV think is au error. The mistake is in placing tlic effect for the cause. But it is certain that after its inception electricity is generated, and that tne subtle fluid becomes one of the most important factors of its destructive force. "Passing over the country, the tornado follows the general trend of the Lirger cyclonic storm, or area of low pressure. It obeys the natural law of all bodies in motion, moving in the direction of the least resistance. A mountain, or other considerable elevation of land, will break it up or turn it aside. A city like Cni cago presents an obstacle sufficient to repel zlie eke trifled meteorite and turn it to right or Itrfi. The citv bristles with rods and spires, and is covered by a netting of electric wires. These, together with the vast aggregation o; ruetalio structures, disarm ihunde:- clouds of their destructive force, and at tbe same time evidently tend to repei tbe more hignly electrified tornado. It is well known that death or damage by lightning is of very rare occurrence in the centre of any considerable city. The bolts may strike in the suburb.-, but if th?iy descend in the city they are arrested by much more swiftness and certainty than a depredator is caught by 'the best.: " However consoling nil this mav be to .?. . -1 i\ "? " _ 1 t_ me tiweuers in large ciue*. una uowever strong the temptation to swaiiow the theory whole, there still remains a very interesting question?how large must a sity be to turn aside a '.veil-developed tornado ? One thing, at least, seems to be established. In the smaller towns it has been [ound that buildings constructed of solid masonry and good brick, put together in i workmanlike manner, resisted the force of the most violent storms. Good buildings, therefore, siiord ro:-;e protection. The fact that no structure wiii resist a column o? air whirling along at iLc rote of SCO raiic? vs. -fv?r sbcv.ki nciit. ur people from building their houses in a proper manner. A tornado that vvill destroy a well-built house is no more imong the probabilities in tbis latitude than is a destructive earthquake. The Cotton Movement. The New York Financial Chronicle, in its review of the movement of the cotton jrop for the week ending on the night :>f August 5, says that the total receipts aave reached 1,499 bales, against 2,5S1 bales last week, 3,295 bales the prerious week, and -1,(300 bales three weeks since; making the total receipts since ;he 1st September, 18S6, 0,200,178 bales, igainst 5,306,296 bales for the same oeriod of 1SS5-6, showing a decrease since September 1, 18S6, of 100,118 bales. The exports for the week reach a total if 19,400 bales, of which 17,056 were to j-reat BritaiE, 87 to France, and 2,256 ;o the rest of the continent. The t )tal ales for forward delivery for the week ire 555,900 bales. For immediate de.ivery the total sales foot up 10,230 bales, including 6,217 for export and I mQ r\-y Uaiy? /-i sir\T\ .-r* >-s-> s\-r\ EjUIV iUi The imports into continental ports 'or the week have been 20,000 bales. Ihese figures indicate an increase in :he cotton in sight of 73,000 bales as compared with the same date of 1886, m increase of 10,319 bales as compared .nth the corresponding date of 1885, md a decrease of 357,045 bales as cornoared with 1884. The old interior stocks have decreased 5 : i- rr-f A i luring me wees i Jlu oaies, ana were, Friday night, 23,509' bales less than at ;he same period last year. The receipts it the same towns have been 2,^3 bales ess tban the same week last year, and since September 1 the receipts at all the x?wns are 73,790 bales less tban for the :ame time in ISSo?6. The total receipts from the plantations since 1st September, 18SG, are 5,184,136 bale?; in 18S5-6 were 3,340,253 bales; in 1834-3 were 4,749,5 "4 bales, ilthongh the receipt.-, at the outports for :he past week were 1,499 bales, the actual movement izuui cue plantations was omy bales, the balance being taken from ;he stocks at the interior towns. Last pear the receipts from the plantations i'or the same week were bales, and for 1S85 they were 2,716 bales. The decrease in amount In sight Friday night, is comnared with last vear. is 105.871 bales, the increase as compared with L8&t-5 is 749,382 bales, and the increase Dver 1SS3-4 is 715,009 bales. The Chronicle says that the speculalion in cotton for future delivery at New lork has been fairly active for the week under review, and the course, of prices has fluctuated so sharply and widely as is to afford the regular room traO ers full scope for the employment of their peculiar tactics. There was a considerable decline on Saturday, as the ad^ erse reports from the growing crop lacked con lirintii-iou; uut ou .uonuay me reports trom. Georgia and the Cu.ro.1 mas that heavy rains Lad caused floods, with conLi:. uJd dry weather in parts of Texas, caused a buoyant market. On Tuesday the failure of Liverpool to respond to our ad vance was attended by a decline, and a further viewing of values on Wednesday morniug was followed by a [pick and full recovery on reports of a renewal of heavy rains in the sections rbove named. On Inursday the market was unsettled, without important change, !?i. i ??i ~ i^iAw J, OUO HiclAlU ayiiie ifcUU'J 1U LUC iiUtri UsJitl" bigs, when the speculation was quite strong. Friday the market was variable and without important change. Cotton on the spot met with a moderate demand for 'home consumption. There was a decline of 3-1 (3c. on Saturday last. Friday there was a fair business for home consumption on the basis of 10c. for middling uplands. Bologna sausage of beef is only ten cents :i pound, and is the most satisfactory thing un eaftli to give boys going fishing. ~ JEFFERSON DAVIS I1EPLIES. Governor Ciytin and the Story of the Proposed Assassination. To the Editor of the Nev? York World: ilv attention lias been called to a letter of ex-Governor Curtin, published in the Herald of the 12th inst., in regard to an alleged complicity on iiis part with a purpose to assassinate me during the war between tne States, and also to a letter from wiiEesoarre, ra., on me same subject published in the World of the 18th inst. I solicit the use of your columns to make a brief statement of the facts, so far as they are known to mc. Governor Cnrtin makes two mistakes in his letter. First, that I had made public accusation against him and that I had alleged that he was to pay $100,000 to a desperado for my assassination. All this, based on a newspaper article purporting to be the report of an "interview" held with me for publication by a newspaper correspondent. Such was not the case. A well-known historian j proposed to write my biography, and asked me to give him for that purpose I - L -i? Clil iiCCUUHL U1 &ILCLLLJJLG JLUO^iC UCUi^g tut war to assassinate me. I told Lira in that connection, and for that purpose, that an anonymous letter i of warning had been sent to me from Philadelphia to the effect that the governor of Pennsylvania had released from the penitentiary a notorious convict on condition that he would go to the South and assassinate me, ?na if successful, he was to receive as a reward ?100,000. Though the letter did use the name ol' Governor Curtin, I omitted it in my statement of the substance of the letter, and as the writer did not state how the money promised was to be raised, I did not attempt to supply the omission. Indeed, it was quite unimportant to me whether it came from a secret service fund, from the private purse of the governor, or was contributed by others who, ^vith like zeal, sniffed tlie battle from afar and cried havoc. The ? nonymous letter acquired an importance it would cot otherwise have possessed from the fact that about the time of its receipt, when going to my residence at the usual hour, I saw a man crouching beside the basement wall oi the paling of the yard fence and looking intently towards the gate entrance. Instead of proceeding to the gate I turned :?.nd went toward the crouching figure. .is lie was approached, iie rose, fled and escaped, Tiie importance thus given to the anonymous letter induced me to inclose it to the Hon. W. B. Reed, of Philadelphia, with a request that he would make such inquiry as- to him might be practicable to discover the <viiter, and to verily or disprove the statements. Governor Curtin's "emphatic contradiction" of the accusations against liim pertains not to me, but to the writer o; the letter, who is unknown to mc-, and for whom I have not vouched. The avowal of Governor Curtin of zeal to maintain the government by nonoraoie vrariare, ana tee aemai max he "ever resorted to such means for the conduct of the war," mark a commendable appreciation of the obligations o: civilized war, and it is a pity that there should be anything to interrupt the current of his self-laudation. The letter from Wilkesbarre, already referred to, ccrtainlv reveals conduct not very different from that alleged by the anonymous letter-writer. It thereby appears that Governor Curtin received an application, apparently from the United States war department, for the release from the Pennsylvania penitentiary of a notorious convict, that he might "be sent over the lines for a specific purpose." On this .:.iid other like representations it appears: that an order was issued by the governor for the release of the convict. Xt is not shown that the governor knew or thought proper to inquire for what jpecial service the general of the army required a convicted criminal; that the fact that he was to be employed at the South was enough to securc compliance with the application. To an average mind intent upon "honorable warfare" the question would naturally have arisen for -what proper duty with the army can a convict be particularly qualified? In the absence of information on that point it might have been reasonably supposed that the "specific purpose" was to do an act which a soldier worthy of the came nnf ncrfATm A An r>VfrVlf. ; readily have been supposed to be such 'specific purpose," and the application for release liave been postponed for further information and refused unless it should be such as would justify compliance by bringing the "purpose" -within the pale of "honorable warfare." Governor Curtin does net say whether this was the first transaction of like kind between himself and the "nited States war department, but his ready belief that the forged letters were genuine would indicate that it was not a surprising event. In conclusion, I repeat that, in stating j the substance of the anonymous letter i received by me a id the attendant circumstances. it wa-> not intended to accuse , < >r excuse Governor Curtin; neither ?ras the statement made for a newspaper article, and conditions precedent for further investigation were imposed upon its publication even in the proposed biography. Respectfully, Jefferson Davis. ! Beau voir, Miss., July 30. A Correction. 3Ir. E. II. Hallook. agent for the Dr. Hurler Medicine Company, of it. Louis, to whom attention has been culled by the Orangeburg Times and Democrat, which piece we published in our last issue, warning the people against him as an enemy of the South, visited our lowu last week. Air. ilanock appears to be a man of at least iifty years, Is quiet, unassuming and mild i:i his manners, and Lis conduct in Marion was in every respect perfectly in keeping with thiit of a gentleman. He is a native of Pennsylvania, lived for some years in Iowa, but had resided with his t'umity in 'jreenvilk', Tennessee, ever since the war, is a Democrat and always lias been. The explanation be gives of the attack satisfies us that i-, was a piece of .-pite oa the part ol' a debtor, with whom he had some dillkuity about money matters. The worst thing we hc.ird him say on politics aad men was that we of the South would have a better opinionio John Sherman if we knew him hotter. We believe fron- .he genera! Iteming of Mr. Ilalloek, that bis story is the true one. and we are not alone in our lyiiet, in Marion?Marion Index. ... \ Daughter Zit'la Her A spr:< i ii from Lawrence, Kansas >:>.*: Saturday .Mrs. Mary Rawiinson, aired 71. arrived in Oswego from Augusta, Kansas, intending to take up her residence with her daughter, Mrs. Harvey Willis. After a day or two the old lady quarreled with her daughter, who wanted to get possession ot her mothers money, a considerable sum. Monday morning the two women had a disgraceful quarrel, in which .Mrs. Willis grained her mother by the hair, threw her violently to the iloor and !>eat :\nd kicked her until she became unconscious. In a few hours the injured woman died fr.^n, the effects of her injuries. She died while j dictating a vriii to exclude tier unnatural I j daughter from rdfcciving any of her prop J erty. 3Irs. Willis was arrested. CARTLOADS OF MONEY. THE AMOUNT OF MONEY EN* THE NATIONAL TREASURY. Some Startling Figures About the Quastti< v of Money in tlie United States Treasury-Tlie Public Debt Half Paid. Y\ 7 A ^'-TTW'T.'W A n ftn c-f. 7 "Tvn-TT ?r aoiiiovtj ^i-u^ucv i A en ^A^xcvi-LOj perhaps, vho read the frequently published reports of the fiscal operations of the government give any consideration to the vastness and significance of these crteT&iions. We read of the hnndreds of millions of gold and silver in the * treasury, but how few persons have any intelligent idea of what is embraced in the nine figures required to describe the liabilities and assets of the government? It is only when the auriferous contents of the treasury vaults are weighed and measured and placed by the side of arti- ? cles and commodities that are daily lw macaws f.lmf art infAllioipnf comprehension can be obtained by the people of the financial strength of the treasury and the great extent of the government's fiscal operations. I find by reference to the latest published statement of treasury assets and liabilities that among the assets was 6281,096,317 in gold and nearly $250,000,000 in silver, including 34000,000 of trade dollars and fractional coins. Taking up this $231,000,000 of gold and placing it on scales, I find that the gold held by the treasury weighed 519 tons, i-f nonVort infn nr/^inorTr /varKo nno ton to each cart, it would make a procession two miles long, allowing twenty feet of space for the movement of each horse and cart. The weighing of the silver produces much more interesting results. Bunning this over the scales I liad its weight to be 7,39G tons. Measuring it in carts, as ? in the case of the gold, the silver now - held by the treasury would require the services of 7,396 horses and carts to transport it and would make a procession over twenty-one miles in length. ' The surplus about which so much is said in the daily newspapers amounts to nearly ^i/,UUU,UUU, an increase 01 So,000.000 since July 1. Counted as gold this surplus would weigh eighty. six and one-hali' tons. Counted as silver it would weigh 1,385 tons. ! Each million of gold adds 3,685 pounds to the surplus, and each million of silver adds 5S,930 pounds. Applying "cubic measurement to the treasury gold and silver, and piling the two meuiis out jreiiiisyiviiina aveuuts as eordwooa is piled before delivery to the purchaser, I find that the gold would measure thirty-seven cords snd the silver 492 cords, and that both would extend from the treasury department to 4J street, or from the treasury to the pension office hi a straight line, and forming a solid wall eiglit feet high and four feet broad. Extending these calculations and comparisons to the interest-bearing debt, equally interesting results are obtained. The public debt reached the highest point in August, I860?fust twenty-two years ago?when it was $2,381,530,295. The general reader will better appreciate Ihe vastness of this sum when informed i?at it represents 70,156 tons of silver, Tv'hir>)i tvnnln nf carta that would extend from Klchmond, Ya., to a point twelve miles north of Philau.lpliia, the distance it would thus cover being 2o6 miles. The interest bearing debt is now (not including ihe Pacific Railroad bonds), .$1,001,976,850, showing that the sum paid has been $l,379,5o3,-r?5, or more 1 than one-half of the total amount, and representing 40,637 tons of silver dollars, which would extend 154 miles if packed in carts containing one ton eacn. Reducing these figures to a baas where they may be intelligently comprehended, and that the rapidity with which the government has reduced its bonded debt may be fully realized by the general reader, I find that the reduetion has been at the average rate' of $G2,(5Q6,9G5 each year, $5,225,581 each month, $171,1SG each day, $7,258 each hour, and $120.17 for every minute; of the entire twenty-two years. Pursuing the calculation to the smallest divisible space of time, the bonded debt T7r>i +-&A Qfo-frjo 1-?oo at the rate of $20.07 every second, or for every swing of the pendulum, for the entire period from August 31, 1865, to July 31, 1SS7. This is an exhibition, of recuperatiop. and material progress on the part of the country and ol sterling honesty and integrity on the part of the government and people that is without parallel in the vorld's history. wa c? >'egrocs and Sunstroke. The physicians of the Pennsylvania hospital assert that they have no record of a colored person suffering from sunstroke being admitted to that institution. This is a remarkable fact. It is enough to make white folks envious in this sort of weather. Most people would imagine -that colored people were far less apt to be overcome by the heat than their Caucasian brethren, but it is rather strange to icarn that, in a hospital where scores J of sunstroke cases are attended, not a single case can be found of a black man sunstruek. In the first surprise at this information one might imagine that a good way A for people to avoid being overcome by the torrid heat of summer would be to make liberal applications of burnt cork to their skins, There is something so simple and easy hi this suggestion that, * i if it were not for appearances, it might be experimented with by the whole population of Philadelphia. 3 It might if it were not for the fact that the records of other cities, particularly J citics in the South, show that negroes :re sunstruck. This is rather bewildering. It is, as one may say, dazing. And the conclusion to which it leads is that j/iiiladeJnhia cuirties are peculiarly particular in hot weather to avoid hard work and keep out of the sun.?Philadelphia News. Liviu^ou Turtle ? Blood. The .sloop Sarab, owned and commanded by Abraham Bajarim, left 3Iulejo, Spain, j my ~ >. i uc vessel naa 011 ooard tiie cap- 1 tain, hi* wife and children and niece and Sup- rintendent Ilale. of the Baltimore Copper .Mill at Santa Rosa, and a crew of \ five rr.cn. While between San Pedro and ] Martinez the vessel was struck by a heavy surf and capsized. All on board perished excepting tiic captain, three saiiors and a boy, who saved themselves l>y climbing on the bottom of tlie sloop. On July 30 two of the saiiors became crazy and said they ' were oroin ir ashore and immediatelv nlnnp-fd over!;oard They bad no sooner struck the water than the sharks devoured them. The captain. one sailor :md the boy remained on the bottom ci the vessel eight days, sustaining life by catching turtles 1 that would come near and sucking the blood. They were rescued in a rno^t. pit;- .M able condition by ihe siocp Refugee.