The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, May 11, 1887, Image 1

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J-y-.- . ?. v. : VOL. X LIII. . WINNSBOKO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 1887. ' NO. 41, \ ? !? ! i ...i ^??mtimmm? ^ a? "^-u-^uuLwg n>rrr mm "ii r ?jfflp3?? pmmm?? ?pBMiagapMgKai^w-'ias 1 ammmmmaam "ggggiMigS55555S"? TDIELV TOPICS : FARMERS. I HOV.T TO :><> PATiXG TVOIIK AT TJJIv SEA.- ON. Saggettions of Interest. from ujj Authoritative Source. {W. L. JO"e# in the Scuthsra CuItiv?.tM".) Hie fight witli grass aid weeds Las now fairly begun. If the first working is properly done, success is easy; if not, the straggle is apt to be long and hard. ^ Because the little grass is hardly visible, the fanner's fears are not fully aroused, j and he is tempted to go over his crop ; hastily and perhaps carelessly. A little I 1 j- ? V?n+ I loose mix xroiii iiw ujl ^:vn j-hw.w uuv ( does not smother the young grass, and j the first rail: uncovers it and stimulates to rapid growth. Where is the farmer of any experience who has not felt the power of "May" grass? It comes up - round the cotton plant and hugs it closely; it sends its roots do~n quickly into the manure intended for cotton, and ^owsjii^raSuzing rapidity. In hoeing ___^j?ffneairt is apt to be taken from the cotton and the latter falls over, or the hand is delayc.d to hill it up again. The time to strangle the demon is at its birth ?kill it by the time or before it reaches the surface. The lightest, slightest stir-: ring of the soH will then destroy it. j Hence the excellent work of the harrow i if started in time. Ic will kill the grass but not the cotton. Bat it must be started in time?just as the cotton is coming up; it mtist strike the grass just as the latter is vdso coming up; later than that, it will only help to cultivate it and make it grow faster, Hut the work may also be well done with a sv.eep properly -*1 ^ ~ -"2 + ^ H'So. TiYTy j set aixu swiittu iu ?>: ran so flat as to throw little dirt; this : allocs the siding to lie very close, aid j all the grass to be eat, except a very car- j row strip of it along the drill. I\ow if: the work is done early, when the grass is j just coming up, enough dirt may be; thrown upon it to kill that on this strip; without covering or mashing down the < , young cotton. But e-rcr} thing depends i on doing the work at the proper time, i Another mistake often made is to fol- j low the plow immediately with the hoc; { the result is the air: ihroVn on the grass ; by the plow is removed by the hee and ; the grass thereby uncovered. Follow | the plow with the hoe u.t un interval oi a j week, and if possible, lot the plows follow closely on the hoes 20 as to smother again any uncovered, uncut grass. Observe: the plows are t-j be started the first time very early, ji- :i as the cotton . fairly begins to come up; if this is done, t the hoes can aiibrc to wait a we-k. 13at if the plowing is delayed till the cotton is one or two weeks o ' J, the hoes cannot 'Jio/il- Tw.ikpa .-hfi p.(it+nr> will s need tldnning too caul v. As stated be-} fore, sverj tiling depends upon doing! vrork at the proper lime; this is equally important as doing it in a proper manner. It has aivravs seemed to us ihiii, the "blocking" oat of cotton was labor ' lost. It can be brought to a final sntnd about at easily before it is blocked as I after. Early and frequent plowings are j t needed co breuk crusts and keep the I ^ plants healthy and growing, but do not; "'start the hoes thi the proper tiiae to! bring the cotton to a final stand. If the i seed have not been sown, too thick, or ii j the plants have been judiciously thinned j out by a harrow, tv-o plowings may be given before the hrst hoeing. The plow j ought to do even thing but the thinning 1 of the cotton. We rely too much on hoe work; it is too expensive and eats up too much of the profits; never lose silrht of the exeat problem of reducing rtllc cost of production; never forget thai I horse-power is cheaper . than human ' ^ pMPtfsC and machines tin.a human hands. ; Cotton calls for frequent working hi | its early stages; it is important to push j it rapidly beyond the point where it; - J^fi'ers from ''sore shins" una lice. In ! the olden time it was thought best to ! side cotton with scooters, shovel or other deep-running plows. Ample experience has shown ti^at this is neither necessary nor desirable. The crop is best cultivated from beginning to end wkh sweep or shovel, set to run quite shallow. A soil deeply broken before planting, but allowed to settle and become somewhat t compact, (provided that the surface is r kept stirred,) seems "most conducive to fruiting. Aside from the matter of rootcutting, there seems to be a decided advantage in shallow culture to a cotton crop. It makes the growth steady and I uniform, and nothing contributes more than such gro wth to fruiting and the U.yiU_LLli^ Uii. t-v uas. v-., ( r lowed by a. sudden check, is the chief i cause of shedding. We cannot always j prevent the check, but we may uo some- j thing towards putting the crop in condi- j tior^to receive it with Last injury. The j object of the farmer should be to keep his cotton growing steadily, but not too j rapidly. Kapid growth is always dan- j gercus; it manes a sappy, tender plant. extremely sensitive to every adverse in- i fuence. ' During the next three months dry * weather may be looked for, in the naturfal course of things in our climate. How to ward off its effects should be kept! steadily in view in ail the operations of j r the farm. How best to keep the re- j ; served moisture in the soil is the great j question. Fiat cultivation stands first j and foremost among the means for accomplishing this. Evaporation is di^ rectly proportioned to surface and surface "is greatly increased by ridging. High beds increase the surface at least one-sixth, and increase evaporation to the same extent. The only point gained Vy XLLTU^VLn^ LLIIL t%/ uicuxbo xo tv uviti c*?/ gross, but if grass is killed just as it .comes up early in the season, very little k .... dirting will be needed, filers is no r benefit to a plant in Idiling it,up; nature provides properly what part of a plant r should be above and what below the surface. Korticuituraiists will tell you thaL fruit trees are often injured by settiraythem out deeper in the ground than they naturally grew. 2Cow, hilling a plant is virtually setting it deeper in the ground, li dirV has been tahcu away from a p.-ant in hoeing it. as a matter o' course, ii; skosid be returned; beyond that, the probabilities are that injury instead of good follows. Let the wings ol the sweep then be set flat and kept fiat K all the time. Drag beds down with haiW row before planting; start wirh thorn as low as possible and never increase their height afterwards. Next to fiat culture, and perhaps of U?-* * - * VVl J v ?> Ai^Ut uiil* **nigsof the surface that a crust may ijeyer form. Deep plowing by loosening ki up the soil and exposing it "to the air V dries it up rapidly; some farmers ihir.l; that deep plowing in. dry weather brings \ moisture up from below and benefits the crop. It does bring moist dirt from below to the surface, but this only gives: Jhe moisture a better opportunity to escape into the air. Plants do not derive any benefit from its transfer to the surface. Light surface plowing, on tht ^ . contrary, keeps the moisture in the soil, pnlv a thin skim at the surface is made rr *x?r r. craccci ; dryer by the plowing. The water from ; buiow r:.v;s up to ine. layer of pulverized i soil, but cannot psss through it into the 1 air. It sets like a mulch; every one 1 knows that a covering oi leaves or straw | keeps the .soil be-low damp, but mulching v.iih leave:; on a large scale is impracticable?not so mulching with pulverized earth, it is cheap, practicable, effective. Keep the sweep wings flat, but keep them also moving. Go over the crop one iu every ten days, or oftener if rain falls and a crust is about to form. Plowing at long intervals makes spasmodic growth .oi a crop?first fast and then slow. Plow frequently and a steady, J uniform growth ensues. The first of jlay is a favorable time to staii many of the crops, generally esteemed side crops, but which deserve decidedly more prominence. All the sorghums should now be planted. We urge the cultivation of these crops upon our readers with great confidence. We have Tally tested the matter on our farm, and know these plants to be admirable for certain purposes. We do not propose to say that they are wonderful, excelling anything that was ever heard of. But that, like corn, they are useful, and 1111 a certain place on the farm most admirably. Every one knows that syrup sorghum is hardy, productive, a certain and a cheaply raised crop. Every farmer can raise enough of it to supply his laborers with syrup at very little expense. For besides the syrup he gets a j good yield of fodder and grain. Mules! can be fed on these in place of corn and j Tedder, and it is not extravagant to say i that as much stock can be fed from- an j acre of sorghum ss from an acre of com. j We have been in the habit of looking at! sorghum simply as a syrup-producing j crop. Why not rank it as a regular food j crop? Ihe whole heads fed to mule are well chewed; the grains are thoroughly masticated, and we have never a whole seed pass undigested through an animal. As a change from a continuous corn ration it is highly relished by stock, and - < sinrsaiwitlv pnnii.llv mifritinns. W~>w I uere is a crop which pays for its caltiva- j lion iu two distinct-products?syrup and i grain and fodder. Either of these pro-1 ducts will more than pay the cost of cal- j tivation; the other remains as clear j profit. It is both a money and a food i crop. But we desire to call attention to j sorghum particularly as food for hogs, i The early amber cane planted the first! of Ivlay, v,ill be ripe by the first of Au- j gust, and through successive plantings, a j continuous supply of it may be had irom j the first of August well into November? j nearly, if not quite, four months. Now, j as every observant person knows, hogs | eat this plant with avidity. They ex- j tract all the juice from the stalks, in ad-1 dition to eating the grain, and fatten j upon it with great rapidity. Many ob- j jeet, and very properly, to raising pork I because of the drain on the corn-crib, j Here is a substitute, here is a remedy?a | hardy, easily raised, productive crop, one | that stands drought well, that will grow j on poor land and never fails entirely, j Could a cheaper, better hog food be found? Almost every one knows this, but how few take advantage of it. We go on from year to year in the same old ruts, confining cur efforts to corn. and cotton prouuraioji. vauiiut ine AUITUSJ ox i mere habit be overcome? Why not cut! down the com crop ? Kfcilft mia. planti sorghitm in place of it? Plant enough io ilipplv j oar laborers with syrup, the seed iiiid blades to be used as stock food; plant still more to fc-.-d green to hogs and milch cows. Three acres of sorghum will feed and fatten ten hogs from August to November. Compare the cost of raising three acres of sorghum with ; the value of ten hogs whose weight Las J been increased fifty to one hundred per j cent. With hardy fruit trees, like i plums, seedling peaches, wild cheriy, ! mulberries, horse and June apples, with Bermuda grass, red and burr clovers, with early productive varieties of sweet potato, like the St. Domingo, with pea patches, and finally sorghum,, what hinders a Southern "farmer from raising pork as cheap as anybody? L'cthingbut nof making up his mind" to do so and arranging for it. Ee can do it if he wills to do it. But the syrup sorghum is not the only variety which might be profitably cultivated.* The white seeded varieties, like millo maize and Kaffir corn are very nearly, if not quite, eqnal to com as horse-feed. "We have fully tested the millo maize; horses eat it with relish, and can do as much work when fed upon it as upon a corn ration. Neither is it at all inconvenient to handle. The whole heads ax'e put in the manger, and the grain, eaten with the brush of the head, is thoroughly masticated. The blades are pulled and cured like fodder. In above respect it stands on the same i footing as corn. Y>That are its advantages'? It stands drought better and will make something of a crop when corn i would utterly fail. If a drought strikes : corn just as it "shoots," it fails?it can not wait for future rain. These sorghum on the contrary, will wait quite patiently. If the main head fails somewhat, I shoots tvill spring from the joints as I soon as nlns set in, and make a second ; crop of heads. It is next to impossible j for a crop of them to fail entirely; but I care must be had to get a strain of millo | that matures early; there is no difficulty ; on that pcint with the Kaffir; it is one I of the early maturing varieties. The grain of this and of millo maize makes a ; very pretty looking fine meal. \Ye have ! ! never teuied their value in bread. They j | have one decided advantage over syrup J sorghum:j?there is less tannin in the coverings of the grain. As poultry food these sorghums are most excellent; the grains can be eaten by comparatively small chickens. - Mlgl ? Jolin Sherman's Manners. Among the pre-convention rumors of the day may be noted that which tells of the remarkable change in Senator Sherman's manner toward all those who come in contact with him. For years the average mau, unless an Ohioan, could approach the Ohio Senator ordinary occasions Tim fear and trembling. In and out of the Senate he was cordially disiised for his forbidding manner, which Of:i?a degenerated into rudeness, ) and on i. wi*e than one occasion won him the appellation of boor. Yvorse even Ki . ?n-</? am A XT^ ^ ; J. UU.Ciic?5 VViiij tile | frigidity which lie now and then disi played, a :ad which won for him tlierepu| Nation o: having a hump of ice in lieu of i a heart, iie was charged with caring j for no 0 but himself; Tvith playiug 1 upon men and ib.cn trampling them unIderfoot; with turning his buck upon ] friends who had j-.ever forsaken him at I moments when he should have been most loyal. All this, the rumor says, is changed now. Callers upon Mr. Sherman are cordially met and welcomed, their business questioned and the welfare of their friends inquired for. "I never in all my life witnessed such a departure," said a Democratic friend of his in one of the departments, "and I am more than glad to see it, too. Mr. Sherman gives evidence of being in the race to stay, and he will beat Blaine at his own hand-shaking game if he only makes up .. his mind to try." Perhaps. THE SITC ATIOX IX EUROPE. Ail the Powers Anxious for Peace, but Ailvciiturers Likely to Cause War. "Washe>gtox, May 5.?Baron Tavera, i the new minister from Austria, has submitted to an interview of some length with a representative of the Post, in the course of which he touches upon the Keily affair, the war agitation in Europe the Bulgarian situation, and Austria's apprehension about it, and the probability of war between France and Germany. In regard to Keiley's rejection by Austria, he saiin response to a suggestion | that Austria's desire to be on friendly I terms with Italy had caused it: "It hal nothing to do with Italy. Yv*e thought I his social position would not be a picas| ant one in Vienna. There are certain prejudices that cannot be overcome, and it is useless to discuss them. Of course you understand me. . I do not and I cannot enter into any long argument with you about tliis matter, because to do so would be to invite papers in Amer. ica and papers in Austiia to take it up and continue tne discussion, wnicn | would be a very profitless thing to do. ! There has never been any question at I issue between the two countries. We have been represented here by a charge d'affaires because Baron Schoefter has been very ill. He c^rae near dying, and I had to remain in Russia." Everybody in Europe, he says, is anxious for peace, but there raav be rvar, "because outside of the Cabinets there are adventurers who are unscrupulous and who want war for their own private ends. These people may force a conflict, although their Government may be doing everything that is possible to avoid it. Who could have foreseen the deposition of Prince Alexander? That was something thai no one calculated on, and yet is just such a thing that disarranges all of one's calculations. It is like a lot of people pulling at both ends of a rope. It is all right as long as the rope holds, but it may part." The Czar and 31. de triers want to avoid war, he says, but M. Katkoff, the editor of the Ddoscow Gazette, a man of great influence with the Czar, speaks the desire of the Pan-Slavists for war. In regard to Austria's apprehensions about Bulgaria, lie says, in answer to the inquiry whether trouble is -ejected: "I cannot tell, but it is certain Austria will not be the aggressor. We are as absolutely masters of the situation in our country, as Bismarck is in Germany, and no outburst of popular feeling among the Hun gorians, wlio, of course, remember the events of 18-AS and the part Russia took in them, or any of the nationalises that comprise the empire, could force the Government into war unless it was fully resolved to take that course. With Russia, however, it is clifieient, because oi Nihilism, which. might drive the Czar and his advisers into war agai: st their Tv-ili; and in Prance the national feeling might be so strong as to produce the same result. Austria would offer no objection to Russia putting a candidate on the Bulgarian throne provided it was done legally and by an election by the Grand Sobranje. We have no objection to Russian influence in Bulgaria. The treaty of Berlin will not allow any one Power to disturb Turkey, and if Turkey is attacked the signatory Powers -to t'r.A ti-Anty <>f wjil probably defend her; while, as long as her rights are not violated and the statu quo ante is maintained, it is immaterial whether a German or Russian prince is on the Bulgarian throne. undoubtedly, Prince Alexander was treated very harshly, but it was done, I am sure, by these agents who are always seeking to make trouble. Wither inp (War nrvr ministers au thorized it." "Yon say Austria is master of the situation. l>o you place so much stress on the triple alliance?Austria, Germany and Italy?1' "It is more than an alliance," said the Barcn quietly, "it is an agreement." "Suppose one of the signatory Powers tears up the treaty of Berlin, as Russia, for instance, did in aegard to the closing of Batoum?" "Well, said the Baron, slowly, "nations don't go to war unless they are forced to. They try to avoid it as much as possible." "Baron," was asked, "what about France, is it war or peace with her?" "France," replied the ambassador, meditatively, with a smile as significant as his words. "France! General Boulanger is ambitious." I i The Cotton Movement. The New York Financial Chronicle, in its weekly cotton review, says that for the week"ending Friday evening, the 29th nit., the total receipts have reached 15, 141 bales, against 14,222 bales last week, 21,G27 bales the previous -week, and 29,308 bales three weeks since; making the total receipts since the 1st of September, 1886, 5,122,154 bales, against 5,039,198 bales for the same period of 18S5-86, showing an increase since September 1, 1886, oi' 82,956 bales. The er.ports ..or the week reach a total of 37,S81 balesj of which 22,013 were to Great Britain, 385 to France, and 15,483 to the rest of the continent. The total sales for forward delivery for the week are 499,000 bales. For immediate delivery the total sales foot up 2,199 baLs, including 500 for export and 1,609 for consumption, The imports into continental ports ! for the same period have been 95,000 bales. There was an increase in the cotton in sight, Friday night, of 45,344 bales as compared with the same date of 1COZ? 07 TOO AC -LOOUj Oil lli'JICciOC U-L CM, I UcilCO ao L/VJi-U- ? pared -witii the corresponding date of 18S5, and a decrease of 272,645 bales as compared with 1884, The old interior stocks have decreased during the week 9,200 bales, and were Friday night 144,019 bales Ias than at the same period last year. Ths receipts st the same towns have been 12,773 bales less than the same week last vear, ana srnce September 1 the ^ ^ bales more than for the same time in 1885-86. The decrease in amount in sight Friday, night, as compared with last year, is 5,638 bales, the ncreaso as compared with 1884-85 is ! 681,353 bales and the increase over 1S83-S4 is 685,470 bales. The total receipts from the plantations since September 1, 1885, are 5,171,075 bales; in 1885-86 wero 5,265,461 bales; in 1884 85 were 4,740,035 bales. Althonh the receipts at the outports the past week were 15,141 bales, the actual movement from plantations was only 5,016 bales, f.VlA h-"Tt<r +rtv-n frrtm t.lin ctnr?fcc . at the intc-xicr towns. Last year the re| ceipts i'rom the plantations for the same week were 11,080 bales. ' Mip't In the Bud!" Sad to say, niany a good thing attains to nothing more than a fair beginning. On the other hand it is a matter for congratulation that the gfem-th of some c-vii things may be also promptly frustrated. A large proportion of the cases of the most widespread and fatal of diseases?consumption have their inception in nasal catarrh. Dr. ! Sage's Catarrh Remedy is pleasant, sooth| ing and effectual. Try it. It has cured I thousands. All druggists. ! THE INTER-STATE ENCAMPMENT. A Kit A NO KMKNTS PERFECTED FOK THE MEETING AT SPARTANBURG. Details of Interest to all the Farmers of South Carolina?"What Has Been and What Will be Done. The first annual meeting of The InterState Farmers' Summer Encampment will assemble at the Encampment Grounds, at Spartanburg, South Caroline! of ft nVIn/*!- o rii Tj?o?(3<vr Anorist 2nd, 1887, and continue until Saturday, August Gth. The Inter-Stale Fanoers' Encampment is the result of the combined efforts of the friends of Agriculture, in all its departments, to fill a want long felt by those most heartily interested in the material progress of our Southern States. It is under the auspices of the Patrons of Husbandry of Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina. The prime object of this Exhibition is, that the producing classes all over the country may meet annually in friendly rivalry and competition, for the purpose of displacing what each has wrought during the year. Such gatherings are highly beneficial, not only because they afford to all an opportunity of beholding what has been done, but rather because it is amid such surroundings that the fiagging energies and drooping aspiration of the multitudes are quickened into activity, and they return to the quiet of farm and shop determined to equal, and, if possible, surpass the triumphs they have witnessed. - Several of these Inter-State Encampments are, and have been for years, in the most successful operation in other parts of the United States, at which there attend annually hundreds of thousands of visitors from all tlie various occupations of life. They go away benefitted, and for this purpose mainly was this Encampment inaugurated. The location of the Encampment is central and easily accessible from every county in the States above-mentioned. It is directly on the line of the Atlanta and Charlotte Division of the Richmond and Danville Hail road, with direct connections ai Spartanburg (one mile from grounds) with Charleston and the Sea Coast, Augusta and the South, Atlanta and the Southwest and West, Asheville and the Northwest and West, and Charlotte and all points beyond to the East, North and Northeast. It lies at the'foot of and in clear view of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The City of Spartanburg, S. C., was chosen by the committee charged with the selection of a location on account of the many advantages and facilities afforded to such a grand enterprise. 1st. The Railroad facilities cf the location at Spartanburg are unsurpassed for easy and speedy access from every TVA+* rV? ey /A! /lATin fyir wuauj# 2nd. The City is the first and only one of any importance directly in the Piedmont region and having direct and . siiort Eailroadl line -aer****?> hidge iiountains "into East Tennessee, Yt'estern North Carolina, and beyond to the great West. 3rd. Iz is in the direct line of all slimmer travel from the low counties of South Carolina and Georgia, and from Florida to the mountain resorts of Western North Carolina. 4th. The health of the City and County of Spartanburg is unsurpassed by any locality in the whole Southern States. 5th. It is also easily accessible to the celebrated Health Kesort of Glenn Springs; besides many resorts of minor importance vithin easy reach. 6th. The whole City and County is alive to any and every enterprise that looks to the upbuilding of the South and the bettering of the condition of the Agricultural and Producing classes. The grounds are thirty aeres in extent, facing the railroad, where there wxii Be aouDie siae tracKs witn nanasome and convenient depots. Water will be abundantly supplied from wells and from the City Water Works. Streets and Avenues surround and intersect the Grounds at convenient distances. There has been a mammoth Pavilion erected near the centre of the grounds, in which public addresses will be delivered by prominent Agriculturalists at various hours in the day and evening. One of the States above named is now erecting a handsome and commodious structure for the exhibition of its resources, to be under the management of State Department of Agriculture. The other four States will, in all probability, make provision at the next sessions of their respective Legislatures for the erection of similar State buildings. Every effort is being put forth by the management to give the occasion every possible convenience aid facility for the successful accomplishment of the Encampment's object 8nd aim. Many persons will erect "small plank tents on the grounds for permanent use; many others will bring cloth tents, quilts and blankets with them,- while the management wili endeavor to have ?? so??cient number besides, so that all visitors desiring to do so can "camp out" on the grounds. There will be, however, abundant hotel accommodations at Spartanbuig, one mile away, at very reasonable rates, for those who prefer hotel quarters. There will be an adequate number of Eating Houses and Restaurants on the [ grounds to accommodate all visitors, j and charges for meals and lodgings will be exceedingly low. Arrangements will be made ^ith all j the railroads to get excursion rates for j ! visitors, io cover the entire time i ?. ^ jDII" ! caumment remains i ^ rosad - - session. Also 1 ' ..j,nsportation rates on Machinery, Agricultural Implements and all other exhibits, will be secured, from the various lines, so that Manufacturers and Producers all over the country will be eiuiuieu iaj caluuiu cueix ^nuuuuio ?u a very small cost. The expenses of the Encampment will be met by levying moderate charges on exhibitors for space, and also by charging eating houses, restaurants, Arc., ^c., for privileges. There will be no admission fear. to the grounds; but for all sales of articles on exhibit, or for orders taken by exhibitors, there will be a small commission collected. Agricultural and Scientific addresses, by prominent Farmers, Scientists and Statesmen, will be delivered each and every day the Encampment remains in session. Newspaper men in general are specially invited to be present, and to them will be extended all the courtesies and conveniences at the command of the managers. We hereby call upon all Manufacturers of Agricultural and Domestic Machinery and Implements of every description, and Breeders of Fine Stock, to make a note of this Exhibition, and be present. Members of the Order of Patrons of Husbandly, of Agricultural Societies, of Farmers' Clubs, with their families and friends, are earnestly solicited- to be j present, and to take early and determI ined steps ^ display the products of their farms, their dairies, their pastures, j their poultry yards, their cattle pens, Sec., &c., ana to assist in every -way possible to advance the interests of Agriculture, and to give to the "Order of Farmers" a proud^pjominence in the display at this Exhibition. In order to do this, work must be entered upon without delay. 14. Amusements in the way of Music by Bands, BasefBall, Military Parades ana Reviews, Bycicle Baces, Tournaments, Legitimate Ssenic Shows,. Balloon As-_ censions, Arc, A:c., will be provided. There will ne strict Police regulations to govern the conduct of all persons while on the grounds, and violations will be severely punished. Local rules and regulations will be posted throughout the grounds for the information and guidance of alL , " Easy and speedy access from the City ox opartanourg zo uie grounds (one mue away) will be possible either in regular line of OmmbusseafrHacks and Carriages; or by PassengerWrains running at short intervals from-the Depot in the City to the Encampment Depot. The managers anticipate ihatihe display of Farm and Domestic Machinery" and Implements, Agricultural and Horticultural Products, and fine Stock ana Poultry, will be superior to any exhibition ever held in the Southern States. Prominent members of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, from all parts of the United Stales, leading Agriculturalists, eminent Statesmen, and Governors cji.i? ?m v- -- ?.i_i? ui obttbcs, wull lh5 jlul ttwcuhouw. Remember that no admission fee is charged to the grounds, or to witness any of the features we advertise. It is specially desired that localities in every portion of the South which have mineral deposits, such as Coal, Iron, Gold, Silver, Mica, Soapstone. Limestone, Manganese,?&c., &c., send large and varied specimens to^lhis Exhibition.. Let there be Geological surveys made of such localitie-vand maps, showing .cte? tails of deposits, outcroppings, ?fcc. member, it is expected that Capi^^s from the money centres of the will be present, for the purpose opraaking investment? in these industries. : There will be State and National exhibits of the processes of Fish ' culture, by means of the incubators. Also, Sorghum Mills and Evaporators will show the advantages of these crops to our Southerd farmers. Resides, many other practical tests and displays of a similar character will be given. ? It is suggested that this Inter-State Farmers' Summer Encampment is a great { fit 1/1 -frvr +.Via ct!/v?ACftfnl fmpraHnns nf I Emigration Agencies, Land Improvement Companies, Railroad Lines, Mining, and ILannfacturing Schemes, to advertise their various advantages. In view of all the above facts, and to the end that our glorious Southland may make still greater advance towards the head of the column of progress and development, now so phenomenal to the whole civilized ' world, we call upon every State, Territories Sadlroad, Steamship, Land Improvement, Mining, ManufacGrangesj and Commuiiito t^^xntSr^Staie raimSfs -" Summer' Encampment, at Spartanburg, S. C., a line of Agricultural, Horticultural, Manufacturing and Mineral samples and displays, and with such exhibit send a live man who can give the people ail desired information. Every person reading this prospectus will please give the subject matter his early attention; or, if not sufficiently interested please pass it over to the proper oerson. Let all exhibits be forwarded and arranged by Monday noon, August 1st, so that everything will be in order by opening hoar of the 2nd of August. For any further information, address Chas. H. Carlisle, Secretary, Spartanburg, S. C. Jas. N. Lipscomb, Chairman. J>o. W. Wofford, Secretary, Of the Inter-State Encampment Commissioners. Dr. C. E. Fleming, Chairman, Chas. H. Carlisle, Secretary, Of the Local Board of Trustees. To Perpetuate Grant's Memory. A large nmnber of^the friends and admirers of General Grant met in New | York on Wednesday to form a permanent organization, that shall annually honor the birth day of the illustrious general. There were present Gen. W. T. Sherman, ex-Senator Roscoe Conkling, ex-Senator Alex. McDonald, <fcc. General Sherman, the chairman, said that although his heart was with them, as they all knew, he thought the older men should be excused from the labors which the organisation necessarily involved, ' and that the work should be done by the younger men. He was a personal friend of General Grant for more than forty years, and loved him as a brother. Ex-Congressman Potter's letter was a mild sensation. He said: "J think we are too prone to concentrate the honor which belongs to many and to others oi equkl decree upon one man and one name. I would not have our children and children's children taught that this nation was saved by General Grant nor ftuj general. Rather, that the immortality of the strength in the Union itself made General Grant and saved him as it made and saved for mimortality a host of other great soldiers and great, and good men." ' Chinese Reciprocity. ] The wo^st thing a'fcpw the Chinese is t^at whey imitatd us &o witness this ?deEt ^Calilornk Cxuy last year, when excited meetings were held to devise means for getting rid of the Celestials: Among ih6 most violent of the agitators was Mr. B??, a r> rmfivA nf t,Vl? F.ni PT U WAJ ?? VJU bV \?v MMV? W W ? aid Isle. One Saturday evening lie was unusually loud and eloquent in liis denunciations, declaring vehemently iliac the "Chinee must gc,:' and depicting in glowing colors the evils he was bringing upon us poor Americans by doing all our work, and taking the bread out of the mouths of the poor. Monday morning Mrs. B , the wife, prepared her clothes for the wash, but John did not como. Tuesday he did not come, Wednesday she told her husband to stop on his way to his business, at the wasii house, and send John after the clothes. He did so. "All yight," said John, dropped his iron and went to hi* house. Mrs. Bgreeted him with: "Why you no come for my clothes?" John stepped back, folded his arms over his chest, and said: "Me no washee for you; me boycott you," turned on his heel and left.?narpers magazine. * * * * STervous Debility, ia either sex, however induced, speedily, thoroughly and permanently cured. Address, with 10 cents in stamps for reply and book of par tieulars, World's Dispensary Medical Association, 663 Main street, Buffalo, X. Y. Parents whose sons are inclined to be fast should counteract this tendency by procuring for them positions as messengers. 3 THE CROPS 2X THE STATE. Encoiii-Hging .Reports of tJie Department of Agriculture for the First of May. The State Department of Agriculture has received 239 reports from Special County and Township correspondents, regarding the area and condition of the crops. The spring seasons have been unusually favorable for preparation of land and planting. It is estimated that in average years 78 per cent of spring planting is finished by May 1, but for the present year 85 per cent, has been completed, owing to the unusually favorable searsons. Vegetation has been somewhat retarded by cool, dry weather, and such crops as are up have been injured by high winds. Eain was very general throughout the State the last week in April, causing decided improvement in the condition of all the crops. COTTOX. The reports indicate that the area in cotton will be decreased 3-per cent. This estimate, however, is subject to future revision, as the entire ciop had not been planted- on the first ol May. 'EaHy germination of seed has been prevented by cold weather following planting, but .more.favorable seasons later have partly, overcome any~injury that may have, resulted to the crop from the cause mentioned. V - -The correspondents report that 87 per cent. of. the crop has been planted, and estimate that 37 per cent, of this is"up," against 31 per cent, last year and 34 per cent, in 1885.. The general condition is reported as good as last year. The reports show thatr there lias* been- a decrease of 13 per cent.'"' in the amount of commercial fertilizers used on cotton as compared with last year, while 32 per cent, of the crop has been fertilized with home-made manures." Some damage has been done the crop by->cut worms, 'but the injury is not;senqus except in a few localities. eascr. j*' ? -v " . . ^ ?For several years past the farmers lave given more attention to, the preparation and fertilization of corn lands, and the reports show thatthis plan has been "oursued the present season more cldselv than in any previous years. Last year the corn crop was destroyed on bottom lands by spring fres&cts, and to avoid such disasters the present year planting on such land? has been delayed until this danger has been, in a measure, passed. Anticipating a partial los3 of the crop on bottom lands and a short crop of oats, the farmers have increased the area in upland corn. The reports show that the area has been increased 5 per cent, over last year's c'rop; the condition is reported at 90, the stands at 93. Fifty-five per cent, of the entire crop has been fertilized, and 52. per cent, of this with home-made manures. Stands have been injured by birds and worms in some sections to such an extent as to make replanting neccssary. SICE, The area already planted in rice in the lower counties has been decreased 2 per cent; in the middle counties increased 3 per cent, and in the upper counties decreased 3 per cent., showing-an average dt^tffgse for,:he ^tate^o^JL.pc-r cent. The ^^i^s^iSuillypl^^ci ^n" ^JunefancT' this planting has not been, of course, included in this estimate. The total area will probably, there lore, not be less than last year. The condition is reported at 92. * ' WHEAT. The reports show that wheat was notso badly winter killed as was feared, and the correspondents report a decided improvement in the condition of the crop, which is reported at 87, against SO for the same time last year. 0AX3. Fall sown oats were badly injured by the severe winter weather, and spring oats have needed rain, but the yield will exceed last; ear's crop, as the condition is now reported at 87, against 72 on the 1st of May, 1S3G. SUGAR CANE AND SORBITOL The reports indicate an increase of 13 per Ct. rLt. in the area planted in cane, and 16 in the area planted in sorghum. The condition of cane is reported at 110 and sorghum 102. TOBACCO. The reports show a decrease of 10 per VJCi-L Lr? XII ? ift OoJLtiij CfcX^J-LV^ U.?AJl several counties report an increased area, and one correspondent sajs that almost every farmer in his section has devoted a small urea to the crop. FAR15 liABor:. Pacm. labor is reported as etlicient as usual. Laborers employed by the year are paid ?7.88 per mo?,th; and board or rations, a decrease of 05 cents per month below the wages paid last year. Judge tooley Explain.*. In opening the proceod;~gs or the Interstate Kai tread Coi.imissi.on in Xew Orleans, JudgG Cooley spoke as follows: : "Our investigations are not for any purpose of questioning th? propriety, justice or expediency of the 'evjui legislation of Congress. A.1,1 thai has been settled lor us, ;;;d ve are here simply for liie purpose of determining the question whether, in pursuance of tiiat legislation. v;c shall in certain specified esses which haVe been brought to our station make exceptional orders, which shall dve relief in these eases from the ordinary operations oj the law. That I is ail we propose vO do. and ah we have j any authority" to Thoi'efore any testi-i n;o.ny ;ii4 might be offered on behalf of} Parties that should go beyond that, or J which should seen to question the proprie- J tv or justice of legislation, would be out of {j placc altogether, and we truct vri? not be j offered. The applying for excep- J tional o;.lwri Arc railway companies. They j have "put in petitions and'we shall hear the J evidence offered on '.heir behalf and also on ^ behalf of other parties who may think J they are aggrieved, or :n sh? interests of j communi'ies wh.icu may be subserved by J granting the petition. "We will also accept 1 evidence on behalf of parties or comiuunv. j ties lending to disprove applications which have becu made. We shall take up first < the evidcace in support of petitions and after that the evidence in opposition." The Te.xa* Drought. Reno:;s in the newsDauers of the drousht in have scarcely Jrscn exaggerated. A busin-.ss letter received at this office from Mr. C. .M. Smith, formerly a citizen of York c/.iuly. who writes from Granger, Williamson county, under date of the 20rd ultimo, . !}>: "The drought here has become alarming. It has not rained in this section since last June?a period%f nearly nine months." When Mr. Smith wrote he was preparing to leave the drought-stricken district, though he did not know where he would locate. ? YvrkziUc Enquirer. ?George Francis Train says that when he stopped eating meat thirteen years ago, and began living on fruit and grain, he weighed 210 pounds and was uncomfortably stout. His change of diet caused him to drop to ISO pounds within a year and he has held that weight ever since. He has not been sick an hour since that time. The Ironing Table. Irons that have once been red hot, never retain the heat so well afterward, and will always be rough; therefore, while losing no opportunity of usin^ j your lire, be careful not to put them on the stove hours before they are needed; j and after using them, do not set them away fiat on the floor or shelf, always i stand them on end. When it is possij ble, have every really useful modern apI pliance, of which there are so many now-allays, to make work easy. To ! the woman who has no assistance in her work, even a small expense may be , looked upon as economy, if it saves strength; that unpurehasable thing of which young women are often so prodigal. I know, however, there are homes where true economy is recognized, and where a few dollars would not be grudged to lighten the wife's burden, yet if the dollars are not there how can it be done? Let us hope, then, at least, the husband is handy with tools, and can make some things he cannot bu}*. That he can put a shelf just where she ;needs it, to save her hc&Tmg a Iariip^ while she cooks^ Ah e winter suppe?, and j if he can makaan ironing table which shall toJ^'Zhe necessaries for ironing, arid when not in use form a seat, so flia Ana thin/* /???. ;>'.UViJk V.i-1 ? MUb VUV/ liaw^ MVW N^JLA. iicult to make, and which will save .many a weary backache, is a seat exactly suited to the height of the woman needing it All smalr things can just S3 well be ironed seated as' standing, :/ ike seat be right. Many a tired woman takes * chair and makes up her mind she will iron the collars and smjaU thing.-?, seated, but th? resolution lasts only a moment, she i.-; ?oon on her aching feet again, and then she believes she is too nervous to v.ork in a sitting'position. It is nothing of the kind, the seat is not adapted to the height of t*he table, and she really tindsjicrseh" working at such disauvan.tage her arms, that mechanically i ho assumes the old position. Let seal, 'a id tabic be adjusted to her, and she' .will soon find ironing or making cake, or roiiing^cut cookies quite as easily acS "complished in sitting asjstandins:. The teaninist; be high enough-to bring her elbows well above the table, and give her the same command of it as if she were standing, and with this seat she woul<f"6f course require a stool or box on which to rest the feet. Such a seat wiil be of little use in cooking, without forethought to see that you have all your materials at hand before you begin to work. I know many an energetic woman with abundant strength wilt sav, "oh, 1 would not stt to work" and. feel that it was a poor way of doing. Bat there are women less strong, perfiaps who have lost the strength, on which they once prided themselves, and will just as readily say: "it I only could manage to sit."' . At {hot, it may sec-m'that you have to jump up and down so often that yor. suve little, but by decrees you will Hud the benefit, even if you only are enabled to sit five minutes out of twemy that you-would otherwise stands and as you got used to the sitting, you will be astonished to find how many tilings you can do sitting, , and how little the jump-, ing up- that appeared, so tiresome at ; % tirsfc-jyi 11 beaceded^whoa-you- hayAgt^V "tlrn use ci foprflvTTt rg. Kg-nns 1ifL" "Many": tilings we now sfand u> do, as I say, may be done seated, but 1 began to ( speak especially of ironing. v * Most people, now-a-days, use the skirt board for ironing everything. It should bsi covered with three thicknesses "of heavy flannel, an old blanket is best, but a comfortable can be made to do; over this securely baste part of an old sheet, or any white cotton cloth without m;uuj&, >uu pieier zur lmu purpose. Tiic bosom board should be covered in the same way, and the covers of both frequently changed.?Catherine Owen, Good Housekeeping. Holyoke, Mass. mO Bnyinjj iuni Blankets. As we entered the village everyone there wns busy doing something. Some old squaws were sitting outsfde their houses crooning snatches of Indian scngs in a low, guttural tone, their hands meanwhile moving with wonderlul rapidity, passing balls of colored woolen thread backward and forward : between other threads which were stretched vertically inside a square wooden frame. While we were watch-; ing them some of the natives gathered u round, and one of them, an old buck, dressed us saying, in broken English: j Ilalloo sojers; where goiu'P" 'After j we had answered him to hia satisfae- j '"<in \\rr> trior! rn fin.-] nnt Tr'nit !?.? < squaws were making, but we could not get the desired information until we iiacl produced some tobacco and signified that if he would tell us wc would give him some. When the old fellow [ saw the tobacco his face beamed witli smiles in an instant, and be replied: "Ow, C-.Y ~\-r)s, yes], 'like him mucho [\*vi'y. n!U('h]-. Tobacco heap bueao;" Uood); unci when we had given him :-:ome ho said, pointing to the squaw: "Him mako blanket; blanket heap busno; me go get him," and he disappeared inside one of the houses, returning almost immediately with a blanket across ids arm*, which he held up for our inspection, saying: "You like him? Twenty dollars. Me sell" After bargaining will: him-for a few minutes one of our party bought the blanket rcr and he never regretted t. ThL-ii* blankets far excel those manufactured by their white brethren. The i /Sums i:-ce tne wool as it ccmos 02 the .-i'.eep, color it. spin ii into, threads, and then turn it ovey >0 the squaws, who make ;h-3 sdankets, everything being done by baud alone. The prices for blankets range from $5 to SoO, accord- \ ing to a. and they are well worth the i money. 1 have socs, tied by the corners holcl a quantity of water for days v.khout letting :i drop come ; through, unci its color did not suffer in tlie ieasr.?Cor. San Francisco (Jhron- ]. ic!c. ?ns ? v-tx?? ? Mark Twain and the Coud actor. ! A good story that has not yet been printed is told of Mark Twain by a friend. It appears that last winter, having to 311 a lecturing engagement ill a western city, me numonsi uuasucu i a train -hat is noted for its slowness I and is-:t!ways avoided by regular travel- j ers. Vr'.l the lecturing committee had written to the humorist agreeing to meet hi:n at the depot upon the arrival of this train, and so Le bad no alternative." T'.vo hours' traveling, however, served to put Mark out of patience. Stopping the conductor as he passed through the car Mark asked as civilly as he "could: "Why d^n't you people run this train faster?" The conductor, ignorant of who his questioner was, rejoined: "It runs fast enough to suit us. If you don't like the rate of speed why don't you get out and waik?'' "Well, I would,'' returned Mark, setting back in his seat, "but that some friends won't come to meet me until this train arrives, and I don't want to be waiting around the depot for two or J three hours,''? Washington Capital. ax mum mm.BLOODY I'LOTS OF THE RED AND BLACK SOCIALISTS. Tliey llely Upon a Tremendous Business Panic to Aid Tliem in Obtaining Control ? of Affairs?Chicago the Hot Bed. A few days ago press dispatches con- - ^ tained a report about a projected combination of the three principal socialistic organizations in this country?the Bed Internationa^ ihe Black International and the Socialistic Labor party. "While the aims tad designs of the so-called Black International, or the International * "Working People's Association, thanks to the anarchists' trial, have become widely known, nobody knew or hardly ever heard of the-Red International, or the International "Workmen's Association, as being a specific organization of socialists along the Paciiio/^PHst. t t 'The ^ ^ jDrgaaiizatioa waajjsSf&C&ixu ciiks^wJ^ij^/^was organised m all the principal cities 'throughout fee \vestern States afte% the mode of the - Enights of Labor assemblies, and is by t far more secret than that organization. It is now authoritatively announced by rn organ of the socialists that the leader of the "Beds" proposes there shall be an uprising in 1689. What would occur, were the uprising he counts on successful, is thus outlined: "The circumstances which may permit decisive action will probably be ti.ese: In 1889 the present panic approaches a climax. It will be , widespread and alarming, accompanied by closed factories, starving, workers, rioting and the use of military force. It may even, complicated by a bitter class feeling, result in a suppression of the rights of free speech,''meeting and press. Until then, unless the whole people are aroused, it is the duty of the wise socialist to "hold aloof from riots in special localities. < "The time is not yet ripe for success; we have counted our heads, and we * know it. To strike this year would be to slaughter our best people and put back the cause a hundred years. No, at present we must be as wise asa serpents * but harmless as doves. We must take advantage of it for agitation and education only. We must speak much and act not at all. When the working people are hungry their brains weaken. One year of panic means a trebling of our forces at the veiy least. And while, with our present 100,000 socialists, forcible action is impossible, with 400,000 (what the next panic will give us if we m-mage wisely; we noia me game m our own hands. "We have, perhaps until 1889, time in which to perfect our plans. That year in Europe will surely "bring grave results. In America, if figures lie not, another panic, greater, deeper and more widespread than the preceding will be upon us. Then, and not till then, may we risk a cast of the ii-on die, Then may we strike to win." The article s pates that they expect to have in the United States in 1889 at least oGGfOGO earnest socialists, divided somewhat as follows: Chicago,' 25J300; Kew .. "^r tory States, 100,000; in the central coal and iron region, 100,OoO; in Colorado and the Western States, 50,000; on the Pocific coast. 50,006: in the Atlantic and Southern cities, altogether, 100,000, and scattered at various points in towns and villages, 50,000 more. "The panic comes, the rrablic are excited, outbreak* occur, the large centers revolt, the places 'where but afew socialists exist are made points for the rallyiug of the conservative element. "In these small places it should be made the duty of the socialists there pre- ? siding, secretly and with all the aid of science in destructive warfare, to raise sufficient turmoil to keep the conservatives busy at home. ' Meanwhile in large centers bold measures should tie taken. Our people should head, lead :ind control the* popular revolt; should seize the places of power; should lay hands upon the machinery of the government. Once installed in povrer, the revolutionary, committee should follow this course of. action. The decree should at once be promulgated and enforced." It is proposed to nr-_ ^ icago the headquarters of the z "p" ir in 1889, which is to follow the comoination of the different branches of the internationalists, and quite an elaborate programme is outlined of the'manner in which the style of government will be cnangea alter me revolt r^as proved successiuJL The year 1S39 is also the one decided in 1SSU by the National Federation of Trades as the one in which the elgiit-hoirrruie should go into effect. Au Exploded Kuinor. The easily exploded minor that Mr. Watterson was to assume editorial direction of the New York Herald is followed by another of a somewhat wider import, affecting, however, three other prominent Southern editors. These are Messrs. Henry W. Grady, of ;he Atlanta Constitution; A. T. lielo, of tie Galveston News, and Major Burke, cf. the New Orleans Times-Democrat, and the project they are said to be considering is a daily paper in. New York devoted to the interests o1 the South, and making a specialty cf Southern news. Their idea is that there are enough Southern men in that vicinity to make such a paper profitable, with tiie Southern support and patronage which it would be certain to receive. A Monument 10 5!. Paul. One of the latest projects proposed by a number of gentlemen in this country is to build a monument to St. Paui in his native city of Tarsus, Asia Elinor. There are a great many chcrches in both this country and Europe which have been named after St. Paui, but none of these have been erected to his memory. The most fitting place for such a monument is the city of his birth, nbout which there is no uncertainty, for as St. Paul himslf said: "I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus?a city in Cilicia;a citizen of no mean city." The present population of Tarsus is about 20,000. It is situated on ths Cydrine river, and stands with controlling distance of the great pass of tbe Taurus mountains, now, as in ancient times, the sole oasy land communication between. T > : O * .1 . TIT ? rcrs a, oynu, auu me w est. Ter.iiE are some interesting names found in tlie list of the Fiftieth Congress. Carious baptismal names abound. Among them are Jehu, Hilary, Adoniram, Knute, Cherubusco, Be"riah and Welty. In emrames the trades are well represented. There is a Laker, a Fisher, a Weaver, a Cooper, a Matyn, a Glover,, a Hunter, a Miller, a Brewer, a Granger,, a Turner, a Taylor and a Sawyer. For the first time in years there is no Robinson in Congress. The colors represented are White, Gray and Brown. There is only one Hogg among the members. Among ether receipts is o^e for making an "Oyster Loaf." Now why should idleness. even ia an oyster, be encouraged.