The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, September 15, 1886, Image 1
z_ ^ \
VOL. XLIII. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1886. NO. 7. i
THE QUIVERING EARTH.
t .\> lATEKESTIAU CHAPTEI! 0.\ E.VHTil(i
LAKES.
A Scientilic Paper from .Major Harry Hammond?Sonic
Facts Ihat Will Instruct the
A'ewspaper Kcader? Earthquakes ofFre?jueiit
Occurence in the Lnited States.
Beech Island, S. C., Aug. 3,1886.
Hon. P. Walsli, Augusta, Ga.:?Dear
Sir: I feel such compunction at seeing
\ +1 c-no^r* r\f trAnr vnlnnhiA Af'All
H4AV UMMVV VJ. J wvv*
\ pied with mv random talk of the other
\day, that I beg, as commutation, to enclose
some paragraphs on earthquakes to
pou.
/ I have selected and very greatly con
densed them from such mention as 1
\find in my scientific periodicals of the
* jlast few years. I have not tried to ar[
; range them in any order, and you can
\sclect and omit any as you may think
jh^oper. Ordinarily, I suppose, no one
wo^ld read them, but just now perhaps
theseNscientific observations may be of
interest^ The importance of earthquakes
consist hot in the property they destroy
or the pfcrsons they kill, but in the imp
pression? they produce on the mental
and moHil character of large bodies of
people. I Comparing small things with
great, thje fractures and dislocations they
produce'\among the loose elements of
IXUJLUikll CAVCCUd LIXC LXJ.CJ
"work in tke face of physical nature. I
~ have no dorabt the demoralization conF
sequent on^them has determined the fate
of nations and the course of civilization.
A scientific Consideration 0f them might
allay or disjtel such evil influence, and I
hope these ncvtes will l>e of service to
you. Very trolly,
? Habky Hammond.
\
notes tox eakthqi7akes.
r Professor Fr)uchs records 123 earthquake
shocks f(ir the year 1884, of which
07 occured in winter, 24 in spring, 21 in
- * summer and 21 m autumn. There was
little volcanic activity throughout the
year. \
Twentieth January, 18SG. The Eussian
bark Preciose, latitude, 17 04' X. longitude
69 degrees 07' >y., wind fresh X.
?., water smooth;, speed 10 knots, en'countered
a heavy shock, throwing the
vessel,to one side and causing it to ship
a heavy sea. It lasted only a few seconds,
and the wild skifted directly to
the S. E., and died aws?", leavingit calm
for the next three days.
J Of 72 shocks in China. 4S occurred in
&>e first and second charters of- the 1
muc/ri, z-i m tne unru an/i lourtn. ?iie
^ 6th day of tlie moon shows the largest 1
V number, 12; none occurred on the 2d, :
5th, 13th, 14th. It has been thought
that storms on the Atlantic slope were
most frequent on the young moon.
In Switzerland there were 116 shocks 1
in 1880 and 18S1; 49 in 1882; 19 in 1883.
The schooner liosano reports June 23,
1SS5, in lat. 29 degrees 14' X., long. 133
degrees 35' W., two heavy shock of submarine
earthquakes about one mirrnte j
i-' ciiUMag uie se&irci to iiciubiu
violently. The sky was overcast and the ' \
W sea smooth. J
Fourteenth July, 1S85, severe earth- J
quake experienced in Bengal, lasting :
nearly a minute and killing seventy persons.
The centre of the Andalusian earthquake
of December 25, 1884, was determined
as lying between Granada and
Malaga, and earth tremors extended as ;
far as Rome and Brussels. Seventeen
k thousand buildings were injured, of
which 4,000 were totally destroyed, 745 '
^ persons were killed and 1,485 wounded. |
mf The cause of this earthquake is thought J
w to have been the percolation of water
r\ /Iaatv linr?/Y cfrofo ^ r> (
, XLXU\S ULLO XJ XXX^ AV/VJEkJ OtU.C*Vc*> XXX LXXKs
I valley of Zafarraya, where the heat con- J
verted it into vapor of high tension and 1
^ generated the tremendous forces which :
Jr. exploded along lines radiating from Zafarraya
as focus. These radiations ^
are very nearly in the same directions as ^
the surface streams of the region, whose
courses are believed to accord with sub- i
terrarean crevices, through which the (
water reaches the interior beat.
It has been suggested that the Coast
Survey should sink deep vertical shafts }
at intervals to determine by observations :
t made on them from time to time wheth- :
er there was any movement or shifting
of the superficial or deeper strata, re- (
9 suiting in changes of latitude and longi- <
tude. * (
In an earthquake observed in Tokio,
Japan, 15th October, 1SS4, the most ]
violent motions were over in ten sec- ^
onds, but the oscillations continued with
much force for some minutes afterwards. \
The greatest velocity was 6.8 centimetres 3
per second and the greatest acceleration
21. If the amplitude had occurred in i
conjunction with the more usual period ^
of three-fourths of a second, the de- 1
struction would have been immense. It
was felt over an area of twenty thousand *
square nines.
Of 387 earthquakes observed by Prof. }
Milnedn Japan, between October, 1881, ,l
and October, 1883, 195 occurred from
January to March; 70 from April to <
June; 39 from July to September; S3 *
from October to December. They were *
most violent along the line of the river *
Tonegawa, in a flat alluvial plain, only *
a small number being felt in the moun- *
tains or in the vicinity of reccnt or active 1
volcanoes. They were most frequent on 1
the side which slopes down steeply tin- \
der a deep ocean, and not on the oppc- *
site side where the slope is more gradual 1
and the ocean shallow. The same reia- \
tionship holds in South America. Earth- i
quakes are also most frequent in Japan, ?
where there is evidence of recent and (
rapid elevation of the land, and where
numerous rivers are pouring out heavy ?
quantities of sediment on the ocean bot- 1
torn, perhaps it is this increased weight, 1
depressing the strata seaward, which ?
lilts them up on the land side and causes 5
the earth shakes. 1
The last earthquake on the island of *
Ischia was reckoned as coming from a *
r>f>r?fh r>f 3.000 to 5.200 feet at most.
in Switzerland, in 1SS0, there were G2 '
tremors or shocks hi 21 earthquakes;
and in 1SS1 the number was 163 shocks 3
for 37 earthquakes. In the Boss-Ferrol <
scale they are arranged in ten grades, ]
according to degree of violence?from
very faint, only observable by an hi- '
strument?the Seismometer?to those
overturning rocks, forming fissures and 1
mountain slides. *
There are two methods of determining
the depth at which earthquakes origi- <
nate. 1st. By estimates based on pre- :
cise, delicate observations, determining <
a series of points in which the oscilla- '
tions are felt at the same moment. Such
observations are very difficult to obtain. :
2d. Mallet's plan by examination of the
crack in the land after an earthquake :
and determining their points of con
vergence, which is also the points ot i
origin. j
Captain De!rnnay, of the French ,
Marine Artillery, maintains that the j
Krakatoa out-burst resulted from the 1
conjunction of Jupiter and the August <
^ an of meteors. He predicted violent j
earthquakes in 188G from tlie malevolent
influence of Saturn. (Bosh.)
"Science," vol. V., No. 10G, contains
the map of an earthquake occurring 2d
January, anil felt in Virginia and
Maryland.
Earthquakes seem to show a preference
for the night hours. Maximum 2
to 4 a. m.; minimum 12 to 2 p. m.
Between LS73 and 1883, there are recorded
as occurring in the United States
and Canada, not including Alaska, 3G4
earthquakes. Of these 150 occurred on
the Pacific slope, GG in the great valley
of the Mississippi, i-17 on the Atlantic
slope, making an average of one in
twelve days for the whole region, and
about one a month for the Atlantic
slope. Doubtless many lighter tremors
fcr each of these might have been noted
by any one possessed of a scismoscope,
an instrument devised for that purpose,
l'rof. Ewing, of Tokio, Japan, savs of
i.1, 1? it I?A ??'ri.? ?,_i
curiuquiiKUk tucru. lot. xnc JLU.UW.UU. UI
the ground begins very gradually. 2d.
An earthquake consists of many successive
movements, and there is almost always
no single large one which stands
out prominently from the rest. 3d. The
disturbance ends even more gradually
than it begins. 4th. The range, the
period and the direction of movement
are exceedingly and irregularly variable
during any one earthquake. 5th. The
duration of the disturbance of the ground
is rarely less than one minute, and is
often several minutes. Gth. Even in
somewhat destructive earthquakes the
greatest displacement of a point on the
surface of the soil is only some hundredths
of an inch. 7th. The vertical
motion is generally much less than the
horizontal. 8th. An earthquake exerting
a horizontal force against a mass
equal to one thirty-third of its weight, if
regularly repeated, is sufficient to crack
brick walls and sometimes throw down
chimneys.
The minds of the inhabitants of earth
quake regions lose their calm equipoise;
tliey become nervous, and the first shock
sends them to the street or Cathedral for
safety, so that the earthquake records
itself in man's spiritual nature.
The Messrs. Darwin hiving undertaken
some lunar observations at Cambridge
with very sensitive instruments
could not proceed with them on account
of the "continual movements of the
earth." It was never really still. It
quivered and throbbed and bent under
the pendulum night and day. A situation
a~ the bottom of a deep mine was
then tried, but with no better success.
It was probably never before imagined
that when the barometer rises an inch
over a land area like that of Australia,
the increased load of air sinks the entire
continent two or three inches/ Over a
like sea area the water surface may be
depressed a foot or more. The tide exercises
similar power, depressing the
shore at the flood, and allowing it to rise
at the ebb.
The slight earthquake shock along the
Atlantic slope 10th August, 1884, was
fatal to several persons through nervous
excitement. ;
Countries where the rocky strata have :
preserved their original horizontal posi- '
fcion as in the north of France, part of
Belgium and most of Russia, are nearly :
axempc iwww -omt>liijiuJlp.t wmio \-iS- '
ciit uoiuiiioCions are experienced m re- *
.jions of highly inclined strata, especial- J
y where such inclination has been recently
effected, as is the Alps, Italy and <
Sicilv.
On tlie 3d of April, 1SS1, in the island '
uf Scio, in the Egean sea, about noon,
rad in less than one hour, more than
thirty villages -wrecked by an earthquake,
lulling 9,0U0 people; there had been premonitory
tremors during 1S79 and ISSO. ]
The earthquake of Bio Bomba, in ;
1797, came silently but destroyed 30,- :
300 people -with great suddenness, '
throwing some of them up a cliff one '
liundred feet high.
The -wave caused by the Krakatoa ''
eruption traveled 11,890 miles in twenty
liours and fifty minutes. In 1868 the
ivave that destroyed Arequipaand Arica, \
md ingulfed 30,000 people, crossed the
Pacific ocean from Honolulu in twelve
:iours, at the rate of four hundred and J
ifty miles an hour. (
The Smithsonian Beports, 1884, con- ?
;ains a complete account of all known 1
concerning earthquakes, by Professor 1
Kockwood. j
M. M. D. Montessus writes in the I
Revue Scientifique, from Central Amer- J
ca: "During my residence of four years (
in San Salvador I have been able to 1
.rate the detailed history of 2,332 earth- *
juakes, 137 volcanic eruptions, 27 ruins
jf important towns, and the formation
>f 3 new volcanoes."
Professor Milne, of Tokio, Japan,
m rl c o c or> miolrA nrAnf +
louse, a one-storied, strongly-framed [
:imber house, with a light, flattish roof
?f shingles or sheet iron, the whole restng
on a quantity of small cast-iron r
rails, carried on flat plates, bedded in
he foundations. The chimneys might
)e made of sheet-iron, carried through T
loles free of the roof. 1
Earthquakes are vibrations or oscilla;ions
of the ground backwards and for- ]
yards, , due to the passage of waves simi- 2
ar to those produced in a body of water
3y throwing a rock or stick into it. f.
these waves spread out from the points ^
>r line of origin, in concentric circles of
rregular shape due to the character of
he successive impulses at the focus; to ?
he nature of the strata through which ^
hey are transmitted; and to the inter- s
erence of vibrations moving vertically
md horizontally and returning. The c
particles of matter move forwards and c
jack but a short distance, usually only a c
;ew hundredths of an inch, though 2fclalet
believes the displacement may some- a
:imes be as much as a foot. The wave ^
tseli is propagated over extensive areas t
is from Spain to America in tlie Lisbon \
earthquake. \
It is tlie motion of the wave particles
md not the transit of the wave from
place to place that does the damage. It i
,vas estimated that where the wave 1
raveled at the rate of a thousand feet a J
second, or six hundred and eighty-two
njjcs an hour, the movement of the paricles
of matter was only twelve feet per
second, or eight miles an hour.
Scientists attribute the origin of earthsnakes
to three causes.
1st. To the action of the sun and j
noon on the molten mass in the interior t
;>f the earth, causing tides in it which 7
produce the shocks. This theory is now j
tbandoned, or this cause is thought to :
be no longer active. \
2d. To volcanic action. The presure j
of gas and steam producing explosions :
md eruptions and consequent con vol- (
sions of the surrounding earth. This is <
i real and efiicient cause in volcanic re- <
^ions, but does not account for earth- <
.makes where there is no evidence of (
volcanic activity, except in such cases as ^
the recent earthquake in Andalusia, ,
ibove referred io. ,
0.1 Ta r\$ ota Tmr*rrr> c
CV.L* JLV/ ULJ.V UVULVU VJ. 11JU(?u iioAV ?i ii organic
forces?that is, tlic forces 1
K-hich determine the direction and di- 3
oiensions of mountain chains and coast [
lines. While elevations and depressions
A mountains and coasts have recurred
it intervals throughout the world's his-"* <
tor*-, it is now thought that their general ?
outlines have been permanent, and the t
[orm of continents is due to the adapta- 1
tion of tlie cooled and hardened surface
to the still cooling and contracting interior,
along the original wrinkles or
lines of elevation and depresaon. All
rocky strata being deposited from water,
were at first horizontal; but as the interior
of the earth cooled and contractcd
they followed it, becoming folded and
inclined like the wrinkles on the skin of
a drying lemon. Imagine such an inclined
stratum several thousand feet in
thickness, one end resting on the Blue
Ridge Mountains at Caesar's Head or
King's Mountains, from which, as may
now be seen there, it broke off and
slipped down untold ages ago; the
other end shelving out into the sea over
the Gulf Stream, where there has been
another fracture, slip or fault, the stratum
suddenly sinking several thousand feet
into the depths of the sea.
Now the seaward end of this inclined
stratum might be undermined by ocean
currents, causing it to settle down anew
and thus produce shocks of earthquake.
Or the rains and the rivers continually
washing away mountain, hill and plain,
and transporting from them enormous
weight of sediment, would deposit it on
the seaward end of this inclined stratum,
overload and crush it down, and thus
produce earth shocks. Or a downward
movement or settling of the seaward end
from either of these or some other cause
might tilt the stratum on the land
through a portion or its whole extent
and produce earth disturbances.
CLEVERLY LET OUT OF JAIL.
A Horse Thief Steals the Sheriff's. Xag and
Clothes.
James J. Russell, the most desperate !
and successful horse thief in New Jersey, 1
who was captured in Philadelphia about '
six weeks ago and brought to Salem, N.
J., on a charge of stealing a valuable :
team of race horses from Harold Smith, '
of Elmer, a little village about a mile 1
north of here, escaped from the county
jail on the night of September 1. A '
confederate, supposed to be William 1
Beden, another noted horse thief, broke ?
into the sheriff's house and stole the I
sheriffs clothes. These he put on, i
hitched up the sheriff's horse and wagon *
and drove around to the jail door. He <
then aroused the jailer and said he
wanted to take Russell to the Cumberland
county jail at Bndgeton, about fifteen
miles distant, as he had discovered
that an attempt was to be made to lynch
the prisoner, and he must be gotten out
of the way.
The night was dark, and when Beden
handed through the bars the sheriff's
keys, which he had found in one of the >
pockets of the trousers he had stolen, a
the jailer supposed everything was all 1
right, especially as Beden called after ?
him to be sure and double handcuff the 1
prisoner. A few moments afterward, f
Russell -vas led out and delivered to the i
supposed sheriff, who handed a piece of c
paper to the jailer with the remark that a
it was a receipt for Russell. Beden then 1
put Russell in the bottom of the wagon e
and drove rapidly away. Jailer Harri- t
son visited an tne otner cens to sec mat *
everything was in good sliape if a crowd e
intent on lynching should appear, and a
returned to his room on the second floor i
nrf lha Before lie went to bed f
iguixi, he looked at cue paper that he iiiad
received. On it was written: t
The early bird catches the worm. It's ^
i cold day, though, when you catch Jim
Russell, and this is the first ol Septern- 1
ber, a bad time of the year for cold days.
Yours affectionately,
Bill Bedek. q
Harrison jumped into his clothes in a a
caanner that would make a New York t
Eireraan turn green with envy and ran g
iround to the sheriff's house. In his f
eagerness to see that worthy he broke c
:>pen the front door before "it was un- c
locked. The sheriff was in bed sound 1]
lsleep. He was awakened and heaid c
the story. The first thing he did was n
to reach for his clothes, which he had
left on the chair at the head of his bed. b
fhey were gone. Fifteen minutes' time h
K-as lost looking for them. Then the p
sheriff swore and put on his Sunday n
jlothes. Next he went to his stable to a
jet his horse. That was gone. He then s<
appointed the jailer a committee of one p
;o go and borrow a liorse. By the time to
ill this was done the thieves had two h
lours' start. Not very long, maybe, but ust
long enough to make good their ii
jscape. To-day ail the farmers for ten
niles around are out looking for the tl
'ugitives with shotguns. c,
.. ? b
Wbv Some People Marrv.
* fi
Some people marry for the fun of the b
ihing, and never see where it comes in. b
rhis is discouraging. a:
Some marry for the sake of a good ?
jompanion, and never discover their
nistake. This is lucky. ^
Man is a fickle "critter." Even Adam, tl
vho had his wife made to order, found s<
nore or less fault with her. C!
Don't marry a man for his reputation. t?
.t is liable to be only a second band n
iffair borrowed from Los ancestors. si
Many women have married men for P;
heir fine exterior. But that's all there ?s
to an ancient egg worth mentioning. ^
Marriage resulting from love at first a]
dght is generally wedding bliss on a par jv
vith sour milk. One or the other gets p
win i led and often both. ^
Many a man has married for beauty c]
>nlv to learn that he paid $20 for what tc
:an be purchased for 25 cents at all pi
Lruggists. This is hard. le
But few people marry for pure love, h.
md they in after years suspicion that k
vhat were at the time promptings of the Sender
passions were, in all probability, hi
>ut the first symptoms of cholera mor)us.
d'
ft
The man who marries a woman sim- ^
)ly because she is a dandy arrangement
o have about the house does so from a 11
rare business standpoint, and in the ?;
;nd, if not comjjelled to support him, 01
he has done better than many women c<
me knows of. Vl
if
Shoddv Yankees.
:? sj
The manner in which "shoddy Yan- ^
jees are pushed in London society and n
he high favor which they enjoy at c:
Marlborough House have long been P
hemes for the derisive comments of the "
American press. The leading Washing- "
;on journal observes that the recent
London season "was worked for all it "
vas worth as a social advertisement" by ^
jeriain New Yorkers," and it is added, xv
'it is decidedly amusing to read con- S1
>tantly of the doings of persons in Lon- ^
Ion who, despite their most persistent k
PfXv+o n + tovll- -foilorl f/~l OTOITI SI
.XXVitOj IKWV y?iii 41
:unce into New Tork society." The f(
writer might truly have concluded by ^
stating that some of the most recent y
stars did not try their luck in London &
ill they had "utterly failed" to gain ad- P
nittance into Paris society.?London ^
rruth. ^
si
"How shall a cabbage worm be treated?" V:
isks an exchange: "That is difficult to ^
inswer. We should like to know what d
he worm would like to have before we e
mswer. f*
5 THOUGHTS FOR THE MONTH
SOME SEASONABLE SUGGESTIONS FROM
HIGH AUTHORITY.
What Work Ihe Good Farmers Should Do in
the Month of September? An Interesting Article
From an Intelligent Writer.
(W L. Jonei in the September "Cultivaior."')
We have discussed, in former numbers,
preparation for all crops. The time
lias come for planting tbcrn. September
is the natural and best seeding time for
grasses, clover, lucern, oats, rye and
barley. We say natural seeding time,
because the seeds of the various plants
enumerated are matured in the summer
wlicn it is hot and dry, and even if the
heads are shattered and the seed scattered
on the ground, the latter do not find
proper conditions for germinating till
the later rains set in and cool nights
and heavy dews prevail. The earlier in
the month these conditions are present
the better it is, bccause ample time is
furnished the young plants to establish
themselves well and firmly in the soil
before the freezes of winter. In a wild
or uncultivated state these plants begin
their growth at time indicated; this is
nature's appointment, therefore, and is
best suited to the wants of the plants.
In northern latitudes, where hardest
freezes prevail, snow protects the young
plants during winter; in the South longer
and stronger autumn growth must
take the place of the snow covering.
As winter grasses abound more in
northern than in southern latitudes, the
conclusion seemed natural that the heat
of south irn climates was prejudicial to
these plants; and one step further in the
same direction seemed reasonable, to
svit, that they needed shade; in the
South. Hence the practice of seeding
ttooc on/I / l/vrmf rm'+li emoll ffMi'we ercx+
c*io,v?. uuivi "iiu oi-Licfci-t j^iaiuo tv/
:he benefit of tlieir sliade. Doubtless
some shade is desirable during periods
)f intense heat and drought, but can it
oe procured in the manner spoken of,
without incurring other injury greater
;han the good received when grass is
sown with grain? Our observation is
;hat more is lost than gained. In the
irst place the protecting sliade is taken
iway just when most needed; grain is
larvested in June and July when the
greatest heat and severest droughts prerail.
Plants accustomed to part ial shade
ire then suddenly exposed to mtensest
leat. But this is not all. In the case of
grasses proper, the grain crops make denand
upon the soil for exactly the same
ood the grasses need. Being larger and
nore vigorous at the start, the former
>ver-master the grass at th'e beginning
.nd get the lion's share of the food. At
mrvest, thereiore, the grass is suddenly ;
ixposed to the fiercest rays of the sun
vhen it is comparatively starved and
veak from the unequal struggle. On <
:xceedingly rich soils where there is ;
mple food for both, this objection does j
iot hold so strongly, but such soils arc
lot generally found. Tliis difficulty may j
u part be obviated by top-dressings in 1
he spring. But where land is so abuna- \
nt, amply enough for eveiy crop a ]
armor could wish to cultivate, as a rule, ;
b is bettor to sow the grasses by them- j
elves and not in conjunction rith grain -
rops. Xiiis gives tiiem an opportunity ]
if getting strong during the er.rly stages 1
if growth, when they are naturally weak,
nil puts them on vantage gro-ind when i
he struggle with heat and dn >ught be- y
iris. Tliese remarks apply with greater l
orce to the annual winter grasses and ]
lovers which complete their growth in ]
arly spring. These of neces aty must ]
ie sown by themselves, or with some -s
rop which follows after them, but does <
.ot grow simultaneously with 1 hem. i
We cannot urge too fre^uer tly upon j
eginners the importance of h<-avy seed- f
ig; be sure to sow enough for the ?
lants to occupy all of the laid?leave (
o place for intruders. Sow enough to i
ll?w for defective seed?for adulterated \
sed, and for the dying out of weak \
lants. After one lias takeu all the i
rouble of thorough preparation and c
eavy manuring?such as grass requires t
-it is folly to fail from insufficient seed- i
ig. " 1
Very light covering of the s( ed is of i
ie first importance; deep covering will I
srtainly bring failure. I3ut w]ien light- c
7 covered, seeds will not germinate well ^
: the weather is dry, unless they are t
rmly pressed into the soil. Hence the t
nportance of the roller. It is almost ?
idispensible in grass culture; it smooths i
nd levels the ground for the mower, 1
resses small rocks below the surface, e
astens the germination of seids, and i
nparts vigor to the young plants, t
[eavy, impacting rains may do some of s
ie work of the roller, but in their ab
mce the surface soil is too loos i and too a
asily dried off lor the little plant to es- s
iblish itself in it. Kemember, that at r
rst its roots start at or very near the r
irface. It is not in the situation of a o
lant springing from a seed bulled two 1(
r three inches below the surface. t
The oat crop has been so often winter- s
Hlcrl A*f +.h?f. monr oto fi
ad disposed to abandon the practice of c
ill-sowing. We confess that recent ex- d
erience has been very discouraging,
tat in view of the great value of the
:op, when it does succeed we ;ire loth
> abandon it. We have faith in the
ossibility of developing by proper se- j
ction and cultivation a winter c at capa- f;
le of resisting extreme cold. What is s
Qown in Middle Georgia as "winter ^
razing oat" does certainly resist cold s
etter than other varieties. In this t!
icality, the past winter, the mercury f(
escended to zero and the cold was long D
mtinued, and yet a good deal of this s
it survived, and by its abundar.t tiller- y
lg made from one-fourth to oae-thira D
E a crop. In most fields of rust-proof
its sown in autumn scattering stools J
>uld also be found, and that too in ft
ositions not specially sheltered. Now h
, without selection and from indiscrimi- f(
ate sowings of seed, individual plants u
)ring up with power to withstand in- a
inse cold, why, with proper care, could v
ot a hardy variety be propagated and f
stablished from these cold-resisting ri
lants? We have faith that it can be r
one, and our faith is based on fcvcts like c
xese, related by Darwin in his work on I
ninials and Plants under domesl ication: ]j
Wheat quickly assumes new hi-.bits of c
IU. XliU OLLUJULUUl ilUU WIIUUJ' iiinus E
ere classed by Linnaeus as istinct I
pecies; but IM. Monnier lias proved that t
le dillerence between ti.em :.s only a
:mporary. He sowed winter w heat in t
oring, and out of one hundred plants d
>ur alone produced ripe seed.; these t
ere^'sown and resown, and in three e
ears plants were reared which ripened a
11 their seed. Conversely, nearly all the n
lants raised from summer wheat, which t
as sown in autumn, perished from
rost; but a few were saved and produced
jed, and in thiee years this summer a
ariety was converted into a winter f
ariety." Our habit has been to sow in- j
iscriminately, as chance or convenience t
light decide, sprjng growu oats in the t
ill and fall grown oats in the spring, j
Is it any wonder that we have 110 fixed
varieties adapted to either season? Some
time ago we urged the careful saving of
all rust-proof oats that survived the past
winter. We hope it hr > been done and
that they will be sown this month, ai?d
the same thing repeated for at least three
years.
The present crop covers all of our experience
with the winter grazing oat. It
was not ready to cut until the 10th of
July, though sown on the 30th of October
last. Possibly its having been
thinned out by the cold, and the tillering
consequent tlierec::, may liave retarded
its ripening. But although June
was a very wet month and bunches of
rye distributed through these oats were
badly rusted, the oats had no rust whatever.
We shall sow it again and watch
results.
Neither barley nor rye were killed by
the extreme cold of the past winter. To
some extent, therefore, these can be
+O1.*A fTio TilflAn /%f fnll ao+O 1Ao
i 1 l-y OlXVy VI I V/Cbl/O k/C*>X- ;
ley o\fthe richer and rye on the poorer
lands. With these cover the hare cotton
fields during the winter and save them
from washing and leaching. Simply
harrow in the seed?don't break up the
land and increase the facilities for washing.
When green, these crops can be
cut and fed to horses and cows; when
matured they can be harvested, threshed
and ground and make most excellent
stock feed. Rye straw commands ready
sale for filling in horse collars and other
purposes, but the stalls and stock yards
may well dispose of it all. Our soils cry
aloud for humus?let us take every opportunity
to ^supply it. Some one has
suggested that oats and rye might be
sown together?if the oats should be
killed the rye would not and the land
would still be occupied with a desirable
crop. We see no objection except the
unequal ripening of the two crops, but
as rye will remain standing without
waste for some time after it ripens it
could wait on the oats. Upon the whole
the suggestion strikes us as a good one,
worthy of being tested by triaL
A friend has recently called our attention
to the successful culture, in this
vicinity, of a grass variously called
"Schraders grass," "Australian oats,"
T> ~ .i.. T>
nescue grass, erc., joromns unioioiaes or
Scliraderi being its technical name. He
spoke very highly of it as a -winter grazing
grass, growing very rapidly in early
spring and producing a large quantity
of broad, nutritious leaves. Though
sometimes called "rescue" and resembling
grass generally known by that
name, it is said to be much larger and
more luxuriant in its growth and decidedly
more valuable. Our seedsmen
here inform us that there is considerable
demand for the seed in Louisiana and
Texas, where it is very highly esteemed.
It is said by some authorities to be
perennial; by others to be an annual. ;
We learn that it was partially lolled here J
by the extraordinary cold of the past 1
winter, but usual cold does not hurt it. !
It would probably thnve below the thir- '
ty-fourth degree of latitude.
This is the proper month in which to '
sow burr clover and crimson clover. 1
Both of these are annuals; beginning ]
growth in autumn tliey mature and die i
by the 1st of the following June. They 1
fire vahif\'>1e <^rcciaUv in locali- ties
where ordinary red clover will not 1
thrive. Our friends below the head of 1
aavigation in our rivers could have as 1
Eine clover pastures in the spring, from 1
these two plants, as could be seen any- ^
svhere. Make the ground rich, sow a \
plenty of seed in September and cover *
1^ ATVI 1T 4-1TT r? 4- in ill A ? ! ? A! A A/\AMA4> (
JJLX^JJJL , LUUXL JL2> LHU ?HUIC OUU1CL.
Towards the last of tlie montli pea- 1
tines and crab-grass "will be ready for [
nowingand curing. Fanners seem to \
oc pretty generally of tlie opinion tliat pea-vines
should not be cut until young c
oeas form on them; that the leaves are 1
ess apt to drop off then and the vines c
nore easily cured than at an earlier 1
stage. If left too Lite the stems become
.'ery woo.ly and hard, and are worthless 1
is forage. Both extremes then are to be 1
ivoided. It is a difficult forage to cure s
md opinions vary as to the best method *
)f doing it. If one has abundant house- ^
room, or the means of providing cheap, ^
iemporary shelters, it is unquestionably *
>est to put the vines under cover as soon *
is they are fairly wilted, hanging them 1
>n poles, or arranging in some way so as s
<o allow a free circulation of air. A loft ^
vith a slatted or open floor is an excel- s
ent place to cure this or any kind of ?
crage. In the absence of the above ap- 1
)liances the vines may be put in small s
:ocks?narrow but high?and if the s
veather is dry several of these may be t
hrown togetiier into a larger cock on r
he third or fourth day. Constant re- ^
jard should be had to avoid exposing 0
uuch surface to sun or dew. Hence ^
ugh and narrow cocks are recommend- ^
:d. It is difficult to have them properly
uade by ordinary hands; this is one of D
he things a farmer should personally
upervise. ^
uraograss manes very good. nay 11 cut J,t
tlie proper time, which is just as the E
eeds are forming and before they are c
ipe. Tlie seeds drop off readily when ^
uature, and whatever of the substance e
if the plant passes into the seeds is thus
ost. Cut and cure, therefore, before ^
he seed will drop off and before the ^
talks become woody. They are too u
mall to be stiff, but when old they be- 11
ome woody nevertheless and lose their ^
igestibility, just as over-ripe straw does. ?
A Sharp Criticism. ^
The editor of the Fruit Growers' *]
ournal has sense enough to judge a ^
armer by the way he treats his live
tock. "When, says he, you see a man *
iaul his fruit to a station preparatory to ^
ending it to market, using a team that
hrough poverty can hardly stand on its ,
eet, you may know that man will make ^
lo money in fruit growing. He may 1
hip a poor grade of fruit that will help T.1
i _ n i. _ xl I]
o aepress uie market, ana prevent omei
aen from making money, but you may
ie sure lie will make none for himself,
le has used land for fruit that ought to
.ave teen employed in growing feed for
lis team and other stock, and provisions ,
or his family. It is a further fact that 1
aen who drive poverty-stricken teams ^
re seldom, if ever, thrifty men. There I,
rould be little risk in the statement that ,'
rom New Orleans to Chicago there is .
Lot one man who hauls his fruit to a "
ailroad with a half-starved team that is Sl
aaking a decent living by growing fruit. ^
lis fruit will be of the same grade as 7'
ds team; and liis farm management and ,
ultivation will be like unto it. If he ,
icglects his team he will neglect his J'
>usiness. A poor, half-starved team is a'
hp. mn-f r?THT>rtsivf> Invnrv ever fr.nnd on c
, farm. Tlic fruit growers who tlrivc such \\
cams almost invariably live at such a ^
listance from the railroad that there can ?!
>e no profit in growing small i'ruits for
aarket, and when the land is stolen
way from the team and stock to grow 7".
tnprofitablc fruits for market, nothing
>ut loss can possibly follow. ^
?Towns simply have the right-of-way "
nd the power to remove earth to or ^
rom any part of the road for the pur- e
>ose.of repairs or improvements; but =
he ijitle to the soil and all that grows
herton remains with the adjoining pro>rietdfs,
u
\
\
V
I
"1?!T S.\ THE K.\EE."
j Editor .lames Wat-'ion Wefcb and Colonel Thos.
F. .Marshal!, anil Their Bitter Quarrel and
Fij:ht Forty-four Vears A^o.
"Political differences are settled easier
nowadays than they were f lialf century
ago," said an old, gray-haired statesman
to a Philadelphia Times writer. "I remember
distinctly," he continued, "when
James Watson Webb, one of the greateditors
of the olden time, lay wounded
at the United States Hotel on Chestnut
street, near Fouith. He was shot in a
duel within twenty-five miles of tlie city
by a Kentucky statesman, Colonel Thos.
F. Marshall, son of Chief Justice Marshall.
That was forty-four years ago
xt* mi _ i_. .1 i. .1 i i
ims summer, me ctuei took, piace eariy
in tlie morning, iu a lonely field skirting
tlie Delaware State line, below Marcus
Hook. Josiali Randall, ex-Speaker
Randall's father, was one of the participants.
All ill-feeling liad arisen from
a Congressional debate on the repeal of
the bankruptcy bill, of 1841; About the
same time Monroe Edwards was cohvicted
in New York of forging drafts to
the tune of 860,000 on bankers and others
in that metropolis. Among those
who defended Edwards in court was
Colonel Tom Marshall. An editorial
paragraph from the pen of Colonel
Webb, published .in the New York Courier
and Enquire r during the famous
trial, read as follows: "We learn that
Hon. J. F. Marshall, after wandering
about the country for some thirty days,
lecturing on temperance and giving his
experience as a devotee of the bottle,
has returned to defend the notorious
Monroe Edwards. For bis forty days'
absence he will draw from the Treasury
8320 for making a mounte-bank; of himself
and devoting his time in advocating
the claims of a notorious scoundrel."
In addressing the jury Marshall adverted
to this attack, and spoke in a meaning :
way of charges made against him and
fellow members in receiving, by way of ;
bribery, British coin to the music of
*;1 00 Of in rPliA slafaa.i. nf liic
and other grievances were too much for
Southern blood, and the satisfaction then 1
usually exacted among gentlemen was <
demand. ]
After some skirmishing a meeting was 3
held in Wilmington, and preliminaries <
settled. The arrival of the parties be- 1
coming noised abroad, by a clear re- <
course to stratagem they out-manceuvered <
legal vigilance. Dr. Carr and Dr. Gibson,
son of Professor Gibson of this city,
waited on the six-foot- two Kentuckian,
while Major Morrell, proprietor of the J
Courier, and Dr. Tucker, a Virginian,
then residing here, did the honors for
Colonel Webb. Josiah Kandall was
present as a friend of the editor. He J
was then, like Colonel Webb, a staunch 1
Whig. By daybreak ten paces were 1
measured oil', and a stone placed at the 1
extremities of the line. Major Morrell t
tossed a coin for choice of position.. The t
silver falling in the grass caused some i
controversy, but Marshall settled it by \
impatiently calling out to his second: ]
"Give it to them, doctor. I came here t
to have a shot at him, and I do not 1
mean to be baffled bv trifles." "We ask '
jrou to give nothing/' proudly ansvered
the Major. "We ask but what is right." c
:lgain the coin spun upwitrd and fortune e
iviiM again with the New Yorker. The \
luelists and their friends -vrcre searched,
iccording to stipulation. "Gentlemen, f
ire you ready?" sang out the Major, as
Jie sun was struggling into light. "I J,
un," said the Colonel. "I sin not," put y
n Marshall, now the object of general i
observation. With a searching, earnest y
ook at Colonel Webb, he flung off his t
;oat and slowly lifted his hat and tossed s
t aside. "Now, sir, I am ready." The t
Vlajor distinctly commanded: "Fire? a
me, two, three." The simultaneous re- c
)ort made some believe ai, first that only j(
me had fired. Both were wide of the 0
nark. h
"Another shot!" shouted Marshall,
aising his pistol. Again came the sig- c
lal :md Colonel Webb was observed ^
lightly staggering. He was prevented ^
rom falling by one of the seconds, jj
j'pon the surgeon reporting to Marshall s]
hat Colonel Webb was wounded below jj
he knee, he thundered out: "Hit in the ^
mee! It is the damndest lowest act of ri
ay life. We must exchange another sj
hot; that man has injured me more gj
han any being on earth. If he can
tand I expect and demand that we shall ^
exchange fire again." The bystanders Q.
rr -m iroo ln+'f 4"/~v
LAUV/X IU\^ 1UU v lVX 1V11 tvy UJLLls | j
urgeon's decision, who made it under- j
tood that it was impossible, owing to p{
lie Colonel's condition, to continue the tj
natter at present. Tlie Southerner ^
hereupon shrugged his shoulders and gj
bserved: "We liave no further business
icre and may as well return to the ti
lOteL" 2
Colonel W ebb, on learning of the demand
made for a third shot remarked: |?I
have entertained no unldnd feelings
award Mr. Marshall at any time, nor do
now feel unkindly toward him. I do
.ot know why he should bear such unompromising
malice toward me." When
larshall returned to the hotel he cower- ^
d down somewhat and made inquiry of ^
Ir. llandall as to the extent of Colonel
Vebb's injuries. His subsequent career
)st much of its brilliancy by a too free ^
.se of stimulants. The wounded Colo- ^
.el was laid up for some time in the <t.
Jnited States Hotel. He took it goodaturedlyand,
upon one occasion, he p]
iceuously remarked: "I am confined to ^
ed under Marshall law." Under the
tatutes of the State of New York he was ^
ried and convicted, but Executive clemncy
being evoked, interposed in his be- ai
all". Coionel Webb was appointed ^
linister to Brazil by President Lincoln, ^
nd while in that position he is credited g<
ith obtaining a settlement of the claims cj
f the United States against that coun- ^
.7, and of being instrumental, through ei
is intimacy with Napoleon ILL, of
aving the French troops withdrawn p,
rom Mexico. _L
The liatli Tub of Marat. ^
Relics of the famous men of the past ^
re always a valuable property, so that _
; is not very surprising that the bath in ^
'hieh Jean Paid Marat met his death at
le hands of Charlotte Corday on the
3th day of July, l7Uo, should recently
ave fetched the sum of ?200 at Varmes,
1 Brittany. It seems to have been?
:range to relate?in the possession of a
riest, though it would naturally be ex- .
ected that no ordained member of the ^
'atnoiic Church would keen in his s*
ouse for an hour any object connected
itli so notorious a monster of cruelty c*ad
atheism as Marat. But by some n(
icans or otber this peculiar hoirloom ^
)und its vray into the hands of the
irittany euro, and lis sale has attract- F1.
i considerable attention throughout
'ranee. There is to be a museum of .
atiquities connected with the French
[evolution at the approaching exhibi- ~
x>n in Paris, which is itself intended to
elebrate the centenary of that tre- ^
icndous outbreak; and our Gallic -?eighbors
seem to think tliat Marat's
istoric bath ought to be secured at all .
osts as an exhibit.?London Daily Tele- !n
raph.
c ? , 0l
Nelson Hoke, eolored, was killed by a d;
rain at Greer's Tuesday. ai
A PEANUT VENDER'S TALK.
The Philosophy of Eating Peahut*?IIow to
Properly Prepare Them.
"There is a big difference in peanuts,"
said a corner vender recently. "Some
nuts are large and look very fine, but
they are tasteless. S'o matter how carefully
they are prepared and how nicely
they are roasted they are still lacking in
all the essentials of a good nut. They
are grown on sou tnat is aencient in
some important respect.
"A good roaster, like a good cook or
good poet, must be born with a certain
qualification that cannot be acquired by
education.
"Some dealers roast their nuts too
much, others roast them too little. If
they are roasted too much the oil is destroyed,
and a nut has a good deal of oil
in it. If they are not roasted enough,
or if they are roasted over a slow fire the
oil is not properly brought out and they
are not good; in fact, they have a disagrees]^
jftte.
"Some dealers steam them, but that
process spoils the good flavor of a nut.
Most of the nuts now sold come from
Virginia. The Eastern Shore nuts are
the best. Patrons of the peanut often
complain that they find the kernels of
the nut soft and flexible instead of being
brittle; that is because they have been
too long roasted.
"11 you want to get a nut at its best
vou should eat it half an hour after it
has been roasted. They are good for
one day and then they become stale.
Some people like them hot, but they are
bad for the teeth, besides, they have not
yet acquired their proper taste. People
who are inclined to be dyspeptic should
not eat many; it would be better if they
didn't eat them at all Properly roasted
peanuts are healthy for healthy people.
An ordinary peanut eater eats one a
minute, which is too fast.
"Yes, I sell a good many to ladies; they
don't eat ihem on the street like men do.
In fact, a really refined person don't eat
them as he walks along the street.
Newsboys and bootblacks and roughs do
that. If a man has been drinking liquor '
and don't wish to have the odor of it on
bis breath he cannot do better than eat
peanuts afterward. It is better than
sating mint candy or cloves. Those
things give hiin away. When you smell
iloves or mint on a man's breath you at J
Dnce suspect him."
PARALYZED BY EMOTION.
<
! Pittsburger's Entire Right Side Made !
Useless by His Seeing an Exciting Scene.
From tue Pittsburg Times.
Thomas L. Lavine, a roller at tlie j
Solar Iron Works, is lying at his home, ;
lear the head of Fortieth street, with ;
lis - entire right side and limbs para- 1
yzed. He was well and strong up =
o Saturday night last, when he went ^
o see the play at Harris' Museum. 1
ifter one of the emotional scenes, by 1
vhich he was strongly affected, Mr. ?
Liavine experienced a peculiar sensaion
in his head and a numb feeling in s
lis right leg and arm, as if they were Y
'sleeping." *
He had been sitting with his legs E
srossed and locked in the rungs of the
ibair, watching the stage intently, and
vheu the dizziness affected his' "head A
attempted to get up and go out.
Jut when he was in the act'or setting
lis right foot down it dropped helpftffl
4a f t\r? i l.rt/^J a 1]
iv luv? nuui, ao ix xl uau uut'u a
roodcn limb. He then made a motion f
o striKe or pinch the leg, thinking it ^
ras only temporarily benumbed by J:
he position in which he had been f
it ting. But to his surprise he found v
bat his right arm was also paralyzed !
nd hung helpless at his side, lie be- *ame
ala'rmed and said to his compan- ?
jn: "John, there is something coming ?'
vcr me and I cannot tell what it is; "
elp mc to get out to the air."
The companion and another man cl
arried the helpless sufferer from the Y
ouse and to a street car by which he 1
ras taken home. When lie reached C!
is home he was unable to make the ?
lightest movement with his right 11
nibs and the entire side of his body c]
-as devoid of feeling. .No amount of
Libbing, pinching or pricking with j?
barp instruments made any impres- J1
ion nn t.hftf sirlA nf fhr> hnHv aflfpctprl "
The physicians who were cal led have L\
een giving the case constant attention C1
ver since and have succeed in restorlg
a slightly perceptible feeling in the J*
ig and arm. They say that it is a
jinarkabie case for a "strong man in w
le prime of life and suppose it to have u
oen caused either by an unusual ten- a!
on brought to bear on bis brain by F
jmporary excitement while following 11
ie drama, or by a violent check to the A
rculation of blood, caused by the S
Q9ition in which he had remained ai
tting probably during the whole c{
:eueor act in the plav. ^
pi
Beck, Pendleton and Cold Tea. ^
p<
It long ago became the unwritten law a<
l the Senate for the chairman of the ?l
LTiAna cnn#xl"V r^froc"hmor?+o -fs\y fn
irty conferences. Senator Pendleton, il;
hen lie was chosen chairman of the
iucus, yielded ready obedience. Sena>r
Beck used to laughingly remark that
it was no use for anybody to try to v
jat George Pendleton." An old em.oyee,
who did the sweeping and cleanig
up, and who, no doubt, came in for a . ^
x>d share of the "refreshments" under jr
Le liberal Pendleton dispensation, thus J
sscribed the difference between then ^
id now: "Senator Pendlum he dida't
>te no keys. He des lef' that ar side- p,
jar' open all de time. B^t dat ain't -y\
jnator Beck?Pendl^ji's successor as tb
lairman of the caucus. He too close at
it man is.. Dev don't no dram go out le
dar lessen he knows it. He keep dat ar
;y right by him. Senator Pendlum he in
ij for all dem fine lickers what he git; w
ord knows how much money he pay D
it for dat room. But Senator Beck (i'
m't buy no licker; no, 'deed lie don't. ir
rlien he git out he jis sot down and rite w
i dem Kintucky 'stillery men, 'Why in w
?don't you sen' me moer dat ar wiiis- S1
f? Dat's de way he do."?St. Louis 1:1
epublican.
??> w
What George W. Chllds is fcjald to Spend. at
e>
Take our good friend George W. Ie
bdlcLs, of the Philadelphia Ledger, for k'
stance. He not only lives in gorgeous P1
yle in Philadelphia and has a magnili- l ,c
nt estate at "Woottan, but maintains a 1!*
tanning residence at Long Branch, and te
)w contemplates, I see, the erection of
monumentally superb mansion in
ewport. There are very few nobleen
who spend the money annually that ,
r. Childs spends. They can't afford it.
[ready a very, very rich man, with an '
come from his paper of over ?1,000 a t\.
it? if o t-aw aaw ?
j til ?, V-/JUUU.CCO ILUVM AW ? T^XJ ? I Ul?t~ Qjj
r to spend in the course of the summer Wi
150,000, and yet he keeps no yacht.? in
oward in Boston Globe. co
*> ? pc
Astronomers tell us in their own simple, he
telligible way, that the gradual lengthen- ex
g of the day is due to the "obliquity of b\
e echptic to the terrestrial horizon." This tit
lght to set at rest the foolish idea that the da
ivs are longer because the sun rises earlier if
id sets later. 8 es
GARFIELD PROBED TO DEATH. M
That is the Roiletl Down Opinion of tho
Best Medical >Ien. V
The death of Dr. Hamilton, who 1
with Dr. Agnew, was consulting surgeon
in the treatment of the wound
inflicted by the assassin Guiteau upon
the body of President Garfield, not
only revives that sad affair, but leads
to some new facts. Xot long before
his death Dr. Hamilton wrote a distinguished
surgeon giving his opinion
on the treatment of this case, which
confirmed the views other eminent
authorities have entertained, but
which have been withheld from the
! public. Dr. Bliss, who had charge of
the case, has long been an invalid and
liis friends say he cannot survive long.
A recent analysis of the case and its
treatment by Dr. Esuach, of Germany,
the acknowledged greatest surgeon of
Europe and an author on surgical
subjects, charges the case with haviug
been badly managed; .that had the
wounded man been a common soldier,
subjected to the ordinary course of
hospital treatment, he would have
had largely more than an even chance
of recovery. Ilis idea is that the President's
death was caused not by the
wound, but by too much probing and
other interferences with the processes
of nature. This view of the case is
generally sustained by physicians who
were familiar with the treatment at
the time.
It is not yet been explained why
Drs. Hamilton and Agnew permitted
such now alleged inefficient treatment
to go on without interceding. It is
known that the President's suffering
was greatly increased by the tinkering
treatment he received at the hands of
Bliss with his probe and Professor
Bell with his electric balance, which
latter the post mortem showed was
the biggest piece of humbuggery of
the series. The fact that the ball was
encysted indicated that no further
trouble was to be feared from that
source, and the course of the ball hav
ing baen kept open it is believed by
experts it would have healed bat for
the persistent probing. A surgeon
who had his information directly from
witnesses to the post mortem says that
the entire absence of knowledge of the
principal facts in the esse was then
:lemonstrateil. After cutting down
with the course of the wound to its
jnd and not finding the ball there was
1 panic among the operators. The
bowels were then taken out and placed
:.n a basin on a stand. Examination
.here failed to show ?>ny traces of the
Dall. Then there was another panic.
Lnisis supposed to nave snown now
horoughlv the process of healing had
jone on, and with less officious care
vould have resulted in recovery,
ifter long search the ball was found
;?ar the spine, nicely healed in its
urrounding sack. It is charged that
he excessive probing was too severe a
train upon the vital forces of the
>atient. Parties who are familiar
vith the case say that "Garfield was
>robed to death."
THE LATEST JEWELRY CRAZE.
I Talisman From Ancient Egypt and Its
Carious History.
The newest and latest jewelry crazc
as reached Philadelphia, ft is a ,
urious little porte bonhcur, said to
e more efficacious in commanding
ban even the horseshoe of the fathers,
t is said to have originated in Egypt
II the years when the pyramids were*
ouug, and bears the original name of
)udja, which signifies happiness temered
with good luck. It is in the
Drm of a thiu, flat, obloug of metal
itaglio, and beariug the eye of the
un-god Horus, from which a tearrop
fall?, intended to represent the
np'mn rvf vtrrnr "NT?1a
4J Vi j.li. VA tiiV AXT V/l ^.4 XIV*
'he Pharoes regarded it as a talisman,
ipable of warding off adversity as
ell as of promoting prosperity," and
, is found sculptured on the rocks,
it on pillars and engraved on mummy
iscs. In London this new charm is
ecoming quite the rage, ordinary
iror being stimulated by the curious
istory said to have attended its introuction
into Englaud and modern
vilizaticn.
The fair young wife of a gallent ofcer
in tee Guards received one from
er husband fighting In the Sondan
ith the legend: "This is the charm
hich protected the cultivators of
ucieut Egypt against misfortune;
lay it act likewise in your favor and
lsure brilliant days for your future."
. report came soon after that the
uardsmau had fallen a victim to duty
a nonor. 15ut tne young wile had.
>nceived a superior faith in her
ludja and refused to belive, despite
ublished official news of his death,
n extraordinary escape and unexscted
return of "the officer has beeu
^credited to the protecting influence
f the Egyptian talisman, and in
.shionable circles the Oudja is speedy
becoming all the wear.
CURED BY THE EARTHQUAKE.
Young Lady's Speech Frightenei Back to
Her.
Savannah, Ga., Sept. 9.?A Strange'
cideat of last week's earthquake shock is
e recovery cf the power of speech by
iss Mamie Mart us, daughter of a retired
Seer of the regular army. At the close
the war her father was put in charge of
arts Pulaski and Jackson, below this city.
rhile at the former fort the daughter,
en a bright, intelligent child, had an
tack of meningitis, which left her voicess.
The best medical skill was obtained,
id the father took his afflicted child travelg
but nothing did her any good. She
as dumb, but had all the other senses,
uring the excitement of the first earth
lake shock last Tuesday night she in her
ight attempted to call her brother. He
as frightened himself when-he heard her
hispe'r his name. Since then she has
adually regained her voice, and now
Iks with perfect fluency. She says she
as almost delirons with joy when she
mud that she could speak. Her voice
as low and her throat sore for three days,
id she had trouble in finding words to
:press her thoughts. It was much like
arning a new tongue, except that she
jew the words, but had forgotten how to
onounce them. City physicians are
:eply interested in the case. Their explaition
is that the recovery was due to inuse
mental excitement.
Wild Talk ot a .\ej;ro Preacher.
Yesterday afternoon Rev. T. F. Ilarper,
e pastor of the colored Methodist church
this place, made a speech on the public
uare in which he announced that he had
at day had a message from God to the
"ect that the earthquake last week was a
xrning that the world would be destroyed
a xew aays. lie declared tliat God had
mmandecl him to warn the people. Har:r
has been conducting a revival meeiing
:re for several weeks and he is evidently
cited by religious enthusiasm and also
the earthquake. He has some educa>n
and is fairly intelligent, but there is
mgcr that he may lose his mind altogether
he coatinues long in his present state c?
icitement.?Greenwood Tribune*