Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. XI>11. WINNSBORO S. C.s WEDNESDAY, JUNE 2, 1886. NO. li. ? 1 ? IIMN?a3=3MWWWMWMnaaHMM THE FARMERS' CONVENTION. MR. H. R. TILLMAV8 VERY MODEST DISCLAIMER. The Objections to the Action of the Convention Considered?-The StraKx'Ins Delegate*-? Farinrr*' College ami its ("oxt?Constitutional ('ciitraiiori. T" the Editor of Tlu Sars and Courier: Pressure "f farm work since the adjournment of the -'Farmers' Convention" lias left me no time to reply to the fusilade of criticism called forth by its action. And, first, left me correct some misttoT-/-?o or?/1 rATir Po_ porter. The effort to belittle the Convention and elevate me on the pedestal of the demagogue by saving, "It was Capt. Tillman's Convention all the way through," etc., will not hurt our cause in the least, because it is not true. It was a representative body of earnest, intelligent men taking counsel for the good of the State, and what little control I exercised over its actions arose from the fearless manner in which I had attacked J existing abuses and the unanswerable arguments adduced to sustain my position. The committee on resolutions, who had full control of all business brought beforo the body, consisted of one from each county, appointed by each county delegation. I had nothing to do with their selection, and I don't even know half a dozen of the thirty picked men composing that committee. What more need be said to show that these men went to Columbia -with their minds already made up, and had no desire to hear lengthy discussion on the questions I liave been agitating and others besides. I went into the Convention on Friday anticipating a long and hot debate. I was prepared with facts and arguments to sustain each and every one of mv reso lutions. The speech made at the opening of the Convention had required little labor and thought, while to show the justice, the wisdom, the necessity of the reforms I advocate has been my sole study for months. The Convention needed no arguments other than I have already used in the News and Courier to convince it, and I am glad that I was spared the labor of making any. The News and Courier will, if it continues its present bombardment, give me an opportunity to use much of this ammunition, so I may say it is well to be prepared even if it was not necessary to shoot. But I desire to make a prediction right here, and that is that the farmers of the State will ratify most if not all of the acts of the Convention, and (time will show whether it was a Fanners' : Convention or "Capt. Tillman's Con- ' vention." I can tell where the shoe - pinches. It was a "Farmers Convention," and was a thoroughly representa- ' tive body, and every one knows it, but r- .. iieairy uns some" people oecause it ; . agreed with "jearmer iiilman. "v? The insinuation that the C!onveiitioii i "" was'drunk on Friday evening, as shown i by the use of the words "staggered in," was unworthy the brilliant young gentle- 1 man whose otherwise full and accurate : record of its proceedings is -worthy of all J admiration. I hope for his own sake 1 that it was a typographical error, and that he wrote or meant "straggled in," for it cannot be shown that there was any drunkenness. "N. G. G." was very mad f.bout the Citadel being abolished, on paper, but this was an ungenerous way to get revenge, and the accusation only recoils on the accuser, if he so intended it. jfr One more mistake in the report of the proceedings and I will pass on to the editorials. I had nothing to do with the appointment of the committee of seven to memorialize Congress. I did assist Mr. Tindal in making up the executive committee at his reauest. as it was to be supposed I was better cognizant of what men were best suited to carry out this ' work than he was. I only mention this : because it is so industriously tried to be shown that the Convention was an assemblage of puppets in my hands, which is totallv untrue. v f The first objection raised by the News and Courier against what it terms the "Tillman platform" is the appointment of a committee to propose bills and wait on the Legislature next November and rage their passage, so as to change these resolutions into law. The "modern Moses" wrote his resolutions to cover all the points he wished to make, and gave no thought to the "stone tablets of his ancient prototype." If I could have done this with less than eleven resolutions, I would have done so I do not feel that I am ordained to lead the farmers "out of the "wilderness," but I sincerely and honestly believed the reforms embodied in these resolutions would go far towaids helping to advance our agricultural interest; so believing, I should be less than a man not to boldly urge their adoption. This committee, representing the large and respectable body of "armers who recently met and authorized it to present these matters to the next Legislature, will exercise greu1 influence, even if that body shall be composed of men other than'farmers. We will, if we can, send men to the Legislature to "take it." But it is surely permissible to show the jus fcice and expediency 01 our acuon. une simple fact will ?how not only why this is necessary, but that the News and Courier is as ignorant on many of these questions as the members of the General Assembly are likely to be. It says: Tlic proposition to bo?e the secretary (o> lr.mfsslt-nor} -elioscn by a board of a;p:u.'ultur-i-. r.-hlch itself shall be elected by to a class convention, to i""!e place and assume the duties of a State oilier was assuredly not well weighed before it was promulgated and adopted. Such a proposition, we are sure, will never find favor in a South Carolina Legislature, even though it were composed entirely of farmers." "Lot not the shoemaker go beyond his last." The News and Courier, too, better stick to "free trade" and let agriculture alone. The legitimate duties of this officer would be the encouragement, pro tection and advancement of our agricultural interests. The collection of the phosphate royalty should be given to the comptroller general, and in all humility I ask, Why may not the farmers of South Carolina be allowed to control I J I (that department of tie government which they alone support, which is, or ought to be, devoted entirely to advancing their interests? This method of choosing the secretary or commissioner is not new or unusual. A board of agriculture thus chosen, and who elect their own secretary, has existed in Ohio since 1847. The same system of agricultural administration exists in Maine, in Connecticut, in Indiana, in Illinois, in Jowa and many other Northom States. If the News and Courier can tell us why tho agricultural societies, free from political influences, cannot select a better .1 <1 T .1 _.l? ooaru man me j-iogisiatuxu, iniu way luc board thus chosen cannot select their own executive officer and thus secure a prompt and efficient one, I would like to have it do so. Without the power to dismiss an incompetent or unworthy officer, the board can accomplish nothing, and if the Legislature cannot trust the farmers to manage their own department we had better abolish it altogether. I will next briefly notice tho Xuws and Courier's bookkeeping. They say "figures won't he," but I have always thought it all depended on who set down the figures, and with what motives. As the News and Courier enters some "words\ J from my speech in its column of "promise," and then charges up $363,000 increased taxes in the column of "performance" alongside, I may well ask permission to show that its figures "lie" if I can. And, first, let me say that the uresent value of the plant of the Missis sippi College does not represent its cost. The original cost of the buildings and farm was in the neighborhood of $100,000. There have been additions in stock and other appliances out of each annual appropriation during the five years since it started, but a large per cent, of its present valuation is increase in the value of the farm by a proper system of cultivation and natural increase in the large herds of cattle, etc., etc. Rome was not built in a day, and we do not ask or expect that our agricultural college shall come, like Minerva from the brow of Jove, armed and equipped for battle. All we ask is to plant it on the right foundation and let it grow. An appropriation of $75,000 with the $25,000 from the tax on fertilizers, which can be used the first year to build and equip it, is all we want. The board of ! agriculture already possesses a complete cliemical laboratory which would thus not have to be bought. Many of the books in the State library can be spared for the agricultural library. Convict labor can be used in excavating the ' foundations of the buildings and in mak- 1 ing brick, etc., provided they can be ' spared from that blessed "Columbia : ditch," and I guarantee that -with these 1 helps and with the money mentioned 1 the college can be opened on the 1st of January, 1888. Af for the experimental station, if ] c;ongress aon t give men tne * faculty will, as they now do in Missis sippi and Michigan, carry on experi- ' ments 'without it. My information is that the bill will pass if it is reached on the calendar before Congress adjourns. If it is appropriated the money becomes ^ available 1st July pros., and if the present trustees of the South Carolina Col- ' lege spend it on the agricultural annex at Columbia the demand next winter for a separation of the agricultural college , from the South Carolina College would be met by the argument that the experimental station had already been estab- ' ? * * -' Ai-i?T-.'. ?j nsnea at ^orumuia, ?uu wutua mn\ would be forged in the chain which now binds the two institutions together. This argument, which I used in the Conven- ^ tion, overthrew all of Colonel Duncan's specious arguments and promises on be- , half of the trustees, and the farmer? ^ passed the resolution because they pre ferred a whole loaf hereafter to a crrn^.b i now. If the Legislature grants our . wishes in December next then the ex- , perimental station can be provided for in planning the college. I am satisfied, also, that there is going to be a lively competition among the ; counties to secure the college, and I : hope to enter Edgefield in the race if I can wake her up. This element in the estimated cost will amount to no small item, I imagine. If we allow the present appropriation for the Citadel to keep it up as a school for girls; if we give the South Carolina College $5,700* in place of the land scrip fund and its tuition fees, both institutions, it would seem, could be thus bountifully sustained; so that there would be really no call for any money save the $5,700. ixow, as regarus me v/vuaiii/uuiviuw. Convention, I cannot see why it should cost exactly SI00,000. Why not say $1,000,000? It would appear that the changes needed in our organic law could be secured in at least as short a time as the Legislature takes to make an annual addition of patches to that already overpatched volume, the Revised Statutes, which won't stay revised, and I feel sure the savings which might be secured in our county government, by a return to our r.1/} war nf mftrtftonncr t,hf>se thinffS. to SftV nothing of many other leaks -which might be stopped, will amount, many times over in one year, to -what this convention would cost. There are many other urgent arguments why we should have a Constitutional Convention, but I will not give them here. I will sum up as follows: Additional expenditures recommended: Real Agricultural and Mechanical College $ 75,000 j Additional tax on fertilizers 2.>,000 ! ! Made up to South Carolina College . for bud scrip ~\T('0' ; Cost of constitutional Convention. ST.. 000 Total $141700 ; There are those who oeli~ve a Consti tution of our own making is worth this ! much, if for no other reason than to call ! our Constitution. The present instru 1 ment under -which we live was made by ' negroes, traitors and carpet-baggers. It t was forced down our throats at the point j of the bav(.Q3t. It has provisions, ruan; datory at tLat, which have not and can not be obey. Our legislators scorn and spit upon it -when it suits, and give as excuse that they are obliged to disobey some of its provisions, and thus they have lost respect for it. If for no other reason we need a new one and should have it. But let us see whether the $140,000, a?MBb?? MB? ?P?nB?BBBMBBQ?TM f which is a little less than one mill, e not be gotten without additional to tion. The work on the State Hon should be stopped as soon as a good ro is put on and needed repairs made. T need education more than we do a gnu State House. Seventy-five thousaad dt j lars can be obtained right here, and wit out searching for a Legislature anxiu to be economical can easily obtain t) rest and still reduce taxes. f{' the fan ers do their duty in sending men to tl next General Assembly there can 1 Jl 1 ITT _1 C 1 1.1, i many imcK-pmuuu I'iiicvs nmuu iu -will bear slicing. They can find "plac to cut" if they want to. The Fannei Convention has been blamed becau: they did not go into details. We we: not a Legislature and we knew it. \\ intend to elect one, though, that wi cany out our recommendations if v can. I Tvill in another article notice son: other things which have been said aboi tho Farmers' Convention and its worl B. K. Tillmax. Hamburg, May 17, 1SSG. [Mr. Tillman has written a second lei tor, confined chiefly to a reply to th criticisnis of the C< >lumbia Register an the News and Courier j DK. TAL.W\GE OX labor. A Jhtiiiok diwh^-ia^ (he Al>*ur!>in^ Qncstio or !hc L#ay. The announcement that Dr. Talmagi was about to discuss the absorbing qucs tion ci lalx>r and capital drew to th Brooklyn Tabernacle last Sunday morn ing an inimense throng of people iron all classes of society. Scores were turned away, being unable to get within th< vestibule. In the audience sat man) prominent Knights of Labor, and it was evident from their looks that they wer< in sympathy with some of the preacher; remarks. After tho congregation lxac; simg the hymn, "Arm of the Lord, awake! awake!" Dr. Talmage expounded a number of passages of Scripture. Hi? sermon is the beginning of a series oi labor topics. Aiiiong iLe subjects to hi treated are: "The Battle for Dread.' "The Eights of Capital and Labor,' ' 'The Hardships of the Working Classes," "How Employers and Employee*; Ough. to Trc-:it Each Other," and "'Ihe Great est Foo of Labor." tut: chaos or a>\u;emr. "That labor Las grievances I wili plainly show before 1 get through this course of sermons. That capital has had outrages committed upon it I will make 3vident beyond dispute. I do not underrate the peril of those times. The tendency is toward revolution. The labor quarrel is hemispheric?aye, a worldwide quarrel, and the whole tendency is bowaad anarchy. One way in which we may avoid anarchy is by letting the peo~1_ 5 1 ? ?? jbolition of the right of property. It makes your store, and your house, and tout money, and your family mine and mine yours. It is wholesale rr ")bery. It means no law, no church, no defcnce, no rights, no happiness, no God. There is mnnTi rrr\r\A cmcf. ^nrfifnanf ill t.liis L/UV J-LLUV/XJ. ^VVVi. WVA4WV w joimtry to permit anarchy. Within six months there will be a kindlier understanding between labor and capital than bias ever been known in this country. Ihey have demonstrated as never before their absolute dependence upon cach other. ADVICE TO LABORERS. "Meanwhile my brotherly counscl is to three classes of laborers: First, to those who are at work; stick to it. He who gives up work now will probably jive it up for starvation. Second, to those who have resigned work; it is best for you and best for everybody to go back immediately. Those will make the most out of the present almost universal strike who go first to work. Third, tc those who have been a long time out oi work; go now and take the vacated * *? j i _ xi places. <jo in ana txikc uiose piuces u million and a half strong. My scntimenl is full liberty for all who want to strike to do so and full liberty for all who wan' to take the vacated places. Other industries will open for those who are no-*; taking a vacation, for we have onlj opened the outside door of this continent and there is room in this country for eight hundred million people and foi each one of them a home and a liveli hood and a God. I am not scared a bit, The storm will hush. "Workingmen of America, your firsstep toward betterment of condition wil be an asssertion of your individual inde pendence ot dictation 01 your ieuov workmen. Do not let any xnan or an] body of men tell you where you slial work or where you shall not work, whei you shall work or when you sliall no work. If a man wants to belong to : labor organization, let him belong. I he does not want to belong to a lalx) organization, let him have perfect libert; to stay out. I belong to a ministeriu association. I have a right to resign in; pastorate and say, ll am going. Goo j bve.' But I have no right, after I hav quit this pulpit, to linger around tii doors on Sunday mornings and evening with a shotgun to intimidate or hindc the minister who comes to take m place. [Laughter.] "This day I declare the mutual d( pendence of labor and -capital. Smit society at any one point and you smit the entire community. Relief will com to the working classes of this countr through a better understanding lxitwce capital and labor, rnvougn co-ooevn,u\ associations. th rough discovi-ry on :!: pftrt of vWplOTeV* til t V I" t ' X "n lot their _?*?"- snotv jv^-r he watters <t:?nd. aft-.*. t'wvgl; t!ie rectification of the country. Labor appreciated and rewarded just in propo ; tion as a country is Christianized. Ox religion is a democratic religion." Hail Storm*?Crops Destroyed. I TV,,, 1irto\ri/.<r r-iin /if 11 if- SO:lSOIl ill til section fell Saturday afternoon. It was y coinpanied by hail in the section of M Job Wessinger and in Swit/.cr Neck. T! hail stones were as large as guinea egijs ai completely destroyed Mr. Wessingei crops. Leaves were threshed from t] trees. Mr. 11. W. Slnill informs us tl hail was piled up in drifts over knee liig Messrs. Wade and Sim (.'orley's crops we badly injured and in places destroye Their fruit was all thrashed from the tree ?Luingfon Dispatch. anj EVOLUTION AND THE CHURCH. *ll~ ! j An Earnest Consideration of the Subject in the. S;- j (jt-nera! Asumiliv ?fthe Southern Presbyterians. of _ j The (icneral Assembly of the Son them ^ I Presbyterian Church recently in session , j at Augusta, Ga., had under considered . I t!u? subject of evolution in its relations to orthodox Christiaoiitv. The commitUS * t i tec; to whom the matter was referred \_jniade the following report, signed by nine out ol the thirteen members: ' ^ "To the several overtures on the subjcet to the evolution of man, sent up by ^ the Presbyteries, the General Assembly return answer as follows: The Church remains at this time sincerely convinced ^ that the Scriptures, as truly and authorT k itatively expounded in the 'Confession of I, Faith' and 'Catechism,' teach that Adam and Eve were created, body and soul, by the immediate acts of the Almighty power, thereby preserving a perfect race A unity. That Adam's body was directly ,L fashioned by Almighty God, without any natural animal parentage of any kind, nwil iii1 >vf.'>\.lnTi?1v nvonforl nf unfli ing, and that any doctrine at variance ; therewith is a dangerous error, inasmuch ^ as in the methods of interpreting Scrip- j ture it must demand, and in the conse- \ a auenecs which, by fair implication, it ' will involve, it will load to the denial of 1 doctrines fundamental to the faith. 1 ' Geo. D. Armstrong, chairman; Win. F. Jenkins, E. K. Smoot, G. B. Stricken, J " L. C. Vass, A. N. Hollilield, M. Yon 1 Lear, E. JTultPP, D. N, Kennedy." j c The minority presented the following * re))ort: r> KfTlT 7 .1 1 - ? xne unaersiguca, memuers o? your " conimitteo 011 overtures on evolution, s 1 would recommend the appointment of a 1 special committee to draft a pastoral lec- c 3 tor to the Churches and Presbyteries of ; the Assembly, embodying the following c s points: 5 "1. A recognition of the alarm and un- c 5 easiness pervading the Church on account V ' of the evolution, discussion, and that this ^ alarm and uneasiness are not unfounded. I iia ? ? -?a-... .j.* e 1 li? a- i.1.- n .-in iiiuiiiuiiuu ui uui iu^ iuij to me > symbols, as ti.c correct interpretation of the Holy Scriptures, and determination * Lo defend them against any interposition . which would mar the liistoric sense or contradict anv traditional doctrine of our n faith. v Tiie original application of the docirines contained therein belongs to ,? the Presbyteries, and the Assembly con- r sidcrs them competent for tlieir tunc tion; neither would it usurp or forestall ; i this function, or hamper them m its performance, by granting any in thesi de- ^ liverances which could be construed into an anticipatory exposition of the law, but 513 could not be of binding force. "4. The Assembly assures its Presbyteries that the highest Court of the ^ Church will be ready at the proper time to uphold and endorse any judicial action ^ of the Presbyteries founded on the coqr This report was signed by the Rev 1. Wm. Flinn, the Eev, F, L, Ferguson, . .. ? , -r-. T^-. 1 in tiio Key. T. iii. braitn ana ituiing j&iaer V. H. Henderson. The Rev. Itfessrs. Wm. Flinn and F. ^ E. Smitli presented tlie following addi- ^ tional minority report: , "We the undersigned, members of the , special committee on evolution, recommend tliat the General Assembly decline ^ to make a deliverance on the subject, ' because the answer which is invoked by these overtures, if granted, would violate our constitution. (Note Confession of ^ Faith, chapter 31, paragraph 4) "Second. Because the Word of God, ^ as interpreted by our standards, gives the faith of the Church. ^ "Third. Because before one of our lower Courts a concrete case is pending * involving the matters of those overtures." The matter was discussed quite at length?two days being consumed in the ^ debate. ^ Tlie motion was then put that the mi nority report be substituted for tlie ma- j3 jority report, but it was lost. It was fc moved tliat the vote be next taken on the c] ! majority report and that the yeas and [ nays be called and recorded. Adopted. s The roll was called and resulted in a vote a '' of 137 yeas fo 13 nays. So the majority ( r report was adopted. ti OTHER MATTERS. * t The following resolution was offered by the committee on foreign correspond- f cnce: * Resolved, That tlie committee appoint- ^ ed to confer with a similiar committee of . the Genuiul Assembly of the Presbyterian ^ . Church in the United States of Ajnerica for the purpose of arranging for a cen- ^ tonnial celebration, shall also constitute ^ , the Committee of this Assembly for carryi ing out such arrangements. * Dr. Eichardson read letters from col- t I leges in the different Presbyteries ae to x their conditions, which show them to be 1 ? <?hort of funds. r i>r. Smoot said that tliey should eduv catc their boys to be ministers'?that if j they had no ministers there cotdd be no v church. Fathers should 2>ress upon their sons that the great object in this life is c not to make money, but to glorify God. 0 The afternoon was sj)ent in discussing ,s the report of the committee on theologir cal seminaries, wliicli is as follows: y The standing committee on theological ( seminaries presents a report on Union, , Columbia and Tuscaloosa Institutes. ' e The remarks on Columbia Semiv.ary are 1 ? IK> 1UjLLVJV>0. ^ e A very brief report from the board of y directors of this institution fills us -with , j, sorrow and amazement. It tells us that!, . Jthis beloved seminary, with its assets' ! aim-uniing to $570,000 and an annual;' !'. i'-V-'viM- of >"! 1.784. closes this term ' ... *vir.ii o!-.?v A-.-x^n ei:d :<^tlive.. ' ar; in l'*t2 session ela^, leaving o.'uy six ?s the projects lor next yew. r_. It tolls us further that twenty-two stu-: i dents matriculated; that Dr. Woodrow ; 1 T% I rcstuned his duties as its Perkins profes-1 1 sor about the middle of last December;' i tliut eleven students were dismissed and j is ! Dr. Girardeau has resigned. Therefore, f c-1 in view of these facts, especially tlie small! r- ; number of students and the large amount expended in training them, your com,-*s mittee recommend the following: ie Resolved, That this Assembly recomllc niend the four Synods controlling that seminary to suspend it for the present j6 until the Providence of God shall indies' cate that it should be opened again de mw. Tin: GREAT LABOR COl.V;iL. Organization of Kuftinesh in the Cleveland C vention?The Proceedings. Tlie Knights of Labor met in Goland, 0., last Wednesday. It was 9. o'clock when Powderly loft the liot and it was 10.40 o'clock before the (n eral Assembly was rapped to order the chief executive. In the meantii the delegates congregated in groups the hall and corridors, discussing lab topics. When the call for the Convention w issued by Powderly he only enumerate live causes of complaint thai were to 1 adjusted. These were boycotts, strike the Southwest troubles, the relation the Knights of Labor to other organiz tions and the instituting of new asser blie3. Since the delegates have arrive many of them have plans that the would like to spring upon the speci session. Whether these will be di cussed or Laid upon the table cannot 1 determined as yet. One of these plai is to agitate the subject of Governmei regulation of railroads. A member c the Order from Alleghany, Pa., has pri pared a long address upon this subjec ind a delegate from his district will tr .0 secure a hearing for him. The ger ileman's address also deals with tb vi cxxc jauuLwuuja u-x uiutiuun uuo.lt Another matter lias been made public. For some time past the executive hernias not been satisfied with some of th >rganizers of the Order, and Severn lave had charges preferred against then Lnd had their commissions recalled. The first business oi' the morning ses ion was the acceptance of the report o he committee on credentials. The ne\ lelegatea were then admitted to the hai Tifl t.T?n 1 tw*f-1/ ?r> c a/lrmniw+??vn/l Pat** lerly's address was then delivered ex empo raucously. He referred tlie dele ;ates to the call to learn what busijiea rag to be brought forward, and taking ip the tive subjects of strikes, boycotts, ibor troubles, difficulties with trade: uions and increasing membership on( ?y one, he advised most careful though nd full discussions upon all questions, le atked that harmony, prudence anil iscretion should predominate in all latters, and that the affairs of the Conention should be acted upon with conideration and dispatch. The best pari f the address, treating of matters en tire7 within the province of the Order, mnot be made public. Powderly reTTr?nrl Lie cAof or?i i t\rnlnnrrnrl ornVlonon ad upon motion appointed standing Dmmittees of five npon each of the fol>wing subjects; Laws, strikes, boycotts ad relation of Knights to other organiitions. The usual committees were then apointed. .ueiegates to tlie General Assembly exressed themselves as highly pleased at ic action of the Cleveland Typographic annual convention to **vote~tiiat tfie nion go over to the Knights of Labor 1 a body. The Convention will meet in ittsburg June 3, and it is confidently iserted that it -will adjourn as a district >sembly of the Knights of Labor, bout thirty- five thousand members will 2 added to the Knights of Labor by lis action, and it is claimed that coo ositors in small towns where there are o unions will swell the numbers to fifty lousand. TTio AocomWv Tr>d+. of. S an n'cloell U..HW ' - 'hnrsday morning. The committee od /ws presented a proposition that the iecutive board should be increased from ve to eleven members. There was a eiieral sentiment in favor of increasing ic membership in the board, but the nestion as to whether it would be propr for a special convention to take action 1 the matter met with some difference f opinion. The report was referred ack to the committee on laws without istructions. A large number of local Granges, and 1 some States the body of the farmers ave gone into the Knights of Labor as istrict assemblies. Farmers' Orders irgely assisted the Knights in the lat< fcrikes in the Southwest, and to show ai ppreciation of the brotherly aid the ieneral Assemblv appointed a commit 3e to prepare an address to tlic Grange: o be presented at its national conven ion. Powderly'splan, as it is called, of Stat* Lssemblies will do away with many un iccessary strikes. It provides, amour >ther things, that no assembly but Stafo ,nd national shall have power to orde. :itliera strike or boycott. If a loca ssembly wants to order a strike it mus irst get the consent of the district am hen of the State assemblies. One ol tiic most impuruuit suujwi mder consideration by tlie Assembly i lie breach between the Knights and th rades union. An agreement or treat; nay be formulated, whereby each sid vill lose nothing of its principles an< :nable each other to work in harmony. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS. V Stai<*:nent of Sonic of Their A'rcds and Thei Disco urase ?ncn In. (From the Philadelphia Times ) ' I do not see what she has to con: plain of. Works only six hours a daj ive days out of the week, and the rej :?f the time she can do as she please: 3he is paid by tlie public, so there is n diance of money loss, and, take it a together, she is as well off as anybod san be who works for a living." The above is the opinion, not of or or a dozen persons in a community, bi of a majority. Because the school b< gins at 9 o'clock it is taken for grantc that the teacher's duties date from th; l our; because it closes at 1 or half-pa four in the afternoon it is supposed th; nothing remains for her to do, bi she can don her wraps, go home, she *" ' "? '1- 1 i? and visit ad libitum until uie iiour i< retiring has come. Ihiring tlie hours < confinement in the school-room she <s sit in her ciiair by a desk or walk quiet around the room, looking after some tv or three scores of bright-eved youn sters who are busy studying (?) and ret ly need little attention. That she ear her money easily is a foregone concl sion. But does she? The fact is, the honest, earnest, fait ful teacher works harder and more co tinuously than almost any other labor in the community, ilind, I say t "honest, ft\ithful teacher." That the are those in this employment, as in i others, whose only object is to ge oii_ through in some way, it does not matte: how, only that they are sure of theii vc- Pay, I do not deny. The result of tliei: 20 work, or the lack of it, shows how nine! el? of thought and enthusiasm entered int<: .n_ its doing. Their dnti..? an; left behin-; I)V | iiicra wucn xnc senooi-room aoor closes B"e ! in tlic afternoon, and "a goo?l time" i; jn the watchword until tlioy enter it in the l0r morning. That is not the kind of teacbcr I am talking about. It is the kind ag that soon finds no place unless political influence interferes to make and keep be oneThe position of a conscientious teacher 0? is no sinecure. Far from the labor bea_ ing confined to six hours a day, it freQ_ quently extends deep into the time which should be given to sle'ep. Present >v methods require quite as much brainal W01*k *? ^ done out of school hours as s in. There are weekly, monthly and term examinations to be conducted. ' Most of them ixre written, and this in^ volves the careful examination of as ? many papers as each teacher has scholars, ^ multiplied by the number of studies pur^ sued. You who think this is a small ' matter, trv it for one time with one subT . . . * ject in your own family. I have known e many teachers who spent every evening. ^ those oi Saturday and Sunday included, ,* for weeks at a time in this kind of work, 'j until body and mind were utterly exe hausted. And these were not exceijtiunj al cases. I cannot see where the "easy a time" comes in for thorn. Aside from iliis is the absolute necessity of keeping abreast of the progress in ^ all matters pertaining to education. Each v year brings its changes. Science cioes j not stand still. New discoveries are constantly being made and what was thought to be true yesterday may be proven false to-day. Xo severer critics exist than chil* dren. Let a teacher be found lacking in ' knowledge or making a misstatement, ' and her influence is shaken. Repeated, \ and it is gone forever. * It is easy to see then that the success^ fill teacher must be constantly studying. Once mastered, always mastered, is not I true in her case. To be even dfieont.lv | prepared to do her work, slie must be actively alert; to be all tliat is demanded as ah. educator exacts liours of vigorous application to study, and tlio.sc of necessity fall into the evenings and holidays. Only a few weeks ago, a butcher told mo that her vacation was to be given to attending a course oi university lectures in another city, in order to prepare herself more thoroughly for her work in a given direction. She had no time to give to i rest or recreation, and I knew that for weeks she had been "burning the mid- , night oil" over the examination papers : oi lier pupils. ; To keep the control of the pupils of an average school requires the expenditure : of no small amount of nervous force, ; of wing it would take to balance the 1 average man and hold him in the upper air. A mother is often worn out with < the effort of keeping her own children? i limited perhaps to two or three?in ; order. Y?"hat would she do were that : number multiplied by ten or fifteen and ; the strain kept up for days and weeks < and months and years? 0? course I know that the mother is taxed in very many ether ways, but the remark that ; "the care of the children is wearing me ; out" is a very frequent one. , In almost every other employment ! which demands as many high qualifica tions there is a chance of advancement ' in salary sufficient to enable the worker [ to lay aside something for sickness and . ! ,1.1 " t? ai,:? i;uu OJ.U. UgC. -Ill UiU> Lilt'iC UWV VJi. JLlULH., for the woman who ever receive over | $1,000 a year for their labor are few in ' number. Very many have families de' pending upon them for support. The most pinching economy will not more ^ than make both ends meet without regard to the future. There is no pension ' for them when disabled, or superannua' tion fund when their day ox work is | passed. t "And yet," you say, "there are not , places enough for those who want to occupy them. For every vacancy there 5 are swarms of applicacants, and the successful one is always regarded as very fortunate/' ^ True enough, and it is easy to sec why. ' Necessity is a taskmaster that recks little r of one's likes or dislikes. Each year the ' number of women who must earn their ' own living increases, to say nothing of j those who choose to be independent. t Teaching has always been regarded as j one of the most genteel ways open to them for self-support. It gives a better po sition in society, presupposes a good education and the bringing up of a lady. , The salary mav he small, hut it is cer0 v V ' tain. Then, too?a thing to he regretted \ ?a large number of the girls who be1 come tcachcrs do not look upon it as a life work, hut only a temporary makeshift which will not affect their position in society until they many. The consequences or possibilities of long years of "" such wear and tear does not enter into their calculations. With youth and i energy, a probable drain upon the nervous forces often counts but little. .1 Besides this, to the earnest teacher j | there are pleasures in her work that | ^ physic pain. The feeling that she is j2 opening new worlds to young minds, that she is showing them much that is y J worth living for, that she is teaching them to become strong, brave men sue -1- *\rtVAnfc fi"\ ^ | it li) licvcddtiiij jAuviitw w j her their confidence and sympathy, to ^ 1 regard her as their friend and helper and, ^ while demanding of her tho best work i that can be given, treat her not as the St ' : hireling hardly worthy of her hire, but ^ : with the respect and consideration due to one who has the highest interests of 'P j their children in her charge. yT. Eiiiix S. Bolton. L>f m * w" i A Dastardly Attempt. ,0 ! Mr. Charles Barbae was before Trial Justice "Woodruff last Monday morning ^ and swore out a warrant against William Arnold, charging him with having made tis ' ? ? ? an assault upon Mrs. Barbary with a foul u" intent. Arnold, we understand, has If ft the country for parts unknown. It seems that k" the devil is turned loose in this hellish din" rection. Many men seem to forget that the er ladies of this land have any virtue. Judge be Lynch seems to exercise but a limited fear l'C over such dastardly rascals.? Woodruff Proall (jrcos. t THE EX-rOXFEDERATK GENERALS. r What the Surviving Chieftain* of the Sooth arc Engaged in IVow. (Washington Dispatch to Cincinnati Enquirer.) Gon. Marcus J. "Wriglit, an ex-Confederate officer, who has charge of the publication of the rebellion records under the auspices of the war department, gives I the following as to tlie whereabouts and I occupations of the more prominent genJ erals of the Confederate army. Of the . six full generals appointed by tlie Confederate Congress only two survive? Joseph E. Johnston, now United States commissioner of railroads, and G. T. Beauregard, adjutant-general of Louisiana and nnmager of the Louisiana Lottery drawings. Of the twenty lieutenant generals appointed to the provisional array several are living. E. Kirby Smith is professor of mathematics in the Uni- j versity of the South, Tennessee, which! is an Episcopal institution. James j Longstreet is keeping a hotel down in j Georgia, after serving a term there as United States marshal under President Eayes. D. H. Kill, of North Carolina, was till recently president of the Agricultural School of the State of Arkansas and now earns a living chiefly by magazine writing. Eichard Taylor, son of President Taylor, is engaged in building a canal near New Orleans. Stephen D. Lee is a farmer and president of the State Agricultural College of Mississippi. Jubal A. Earley practices law at Lynchburg, although his chief support is derived from his connection with the Louisiana Lottery Company. Of the major generals, A. P. Stewart is now president of the University of Mississippi at Oxford, where Secretary Lamar was a professor at the time of his election to the United States Senate. Wade Hampton is in the Senate. Joseph Wheeler is in Congress. He is very wealthy and one of the largest planters in Alabama. John E. Gordon is a millionairf: railroad -man and fimiror) mr. i spicnously at the Montgomery celebration. Gen. Loring, of Florida, was engineering in Egypt until a few years j ago, when he came to New York to work ' at the same profession. B. F. Cheat]] am was recently appointed postmaster at . Nashville, Tenn., by President Cleve- 3 land, bam Jones, of Virginia, is in the judge advocatc general's office. Lafay- 3 ette IVlcLaws is postmaster at Savannah, ( Ga. L. B. Buckner hves in Louisville, ( TTrr r\yr\ Vw? Awn a ^ -"-j ? " uviv- \j \i?x a. nuu Ui. icol estate, the revenue cf which supports 1 him. L. B. French earns a scanty sub- J sistence by engineering in Georgia. C. L. Stephenson is in Fredericksburg, Ya. c John H. Forney, brother of (Congress- ] man Forney, is in an insane asylum at ] Selma, Ala. Abnev H. Maury is in Washington, agent for a New York life ? insurance company. John G. Walker is * also in the insurance business here. fcfffffTiT?i iTTrTu TrfiSTtllZ' ^ Trimble whiskey. Gen. Heth is em- i. ployed by the Government to do en- c gineering on some Southern rivers. ^ Cadmus Wilcox was formerly employed . about the Senate Chamber, but is now 1 in retirement, writing a history of the Mexican war. Fitzhugh Lee is Gov- r srnor of Virginia. Extra Billy Smith practices law at WarrentoD, Va. Charles ITT T7* 1 1 I 1 ? J-7 TT t vv. jcieia, once doorkeeper 01 me xlousc, is superintendent of the Hot Springs Reservation. William. B. Bate is Governor of Tennessee. W. H. F. Lee is a Faii-fax county farmer. C. J. Polignac, T who came over from Franco to espouse 1 the Confederate cause, is back in Prris, busied -with immense railroad operations. . J. F. Fagan was marshal of Arkansas 1 under Grant, lie is now at Little Rock. c William Mahone is in the Senate, as is E. C. Walthall, of Mississippi. John S. s Marmaduke is Governor of Missouri and an aspirant for Senator CockreH's seat. 3 Pierce M. B. Young has gone to Russia as United States consul general at St. Petersburg. M. C. Butler is a Senalor 5 of the United States. Thomas L. Bus- 5 sell, after making a fortune as attorney for the Northern Pacific Railroad, has settled down at his old home, Char- . lottesville, Ya. G. W. Curtis Lee is president of Washington and Lee University at Lexington, Va. TliE CARE OF MOUXT VERXO.V What One south Carolina Woman Kas Done For the Place. Mount Yernon is the property of the Ladies' Mount Yernon Association?an association that saved it to the country, but which must inevitably transfer it to the government, as the people of the whole country, not a mere organization, should be the owners of the home of Washington. The property was left by 4-s\ "K-1CJ "RnoT>- . >T a^LLLllg IV XXXO y V uvx^v rod Washington, and descended finally to Colonel John Washington. In 1859 Colonel Wasliington, wliose afikirs were veiy inucli embarrassed, was forced to sell. Congress, with strange stupidity, took no account of the place, and it was left to a woman to save Mount Yernon from the autioneers hammer. Tins woman, Pamela Cunningham, was from South Carolina. She had been an invalid. well nigh bed-ridden, all her life ' sine.; her eighteenth year. When the news of the proposal *ale reached her CUlIUt"! > UU IUC V?X AVOVUiiitj MiV place. She applied first to Congress, but Congress would do nothing. Then from her sick bed she or^mi/.od llu;, Ladies' Mount Yernon Association and j got a charter from the State of Virginia, i i She interested Edward Everett in it, j j who agreed to deliver a course of lectures j j as a nucleus for a fund to buy it. These ; ! Icctures were brilliantly successful. Mr. j | Everett turned orer $68,000 to the asso-: j cirtion. Other contributions flowed in, ; j and at last the house and 200 acres of j j land were bought for $200,000. The i j original Mount Yernon tract, when it j j was called the Hunting Creek estate, { i comprised 8,000 acres, but it had, j dwindled hi the course of years. The association is governed by one * " * M-- 1 1 | regent, wno is appointeu lor me, ana j every State in the Union has a vice I regent. The last are selected, if possible, from the descendants of Revolutionary families. The place is maintained by a fee of 50 cents charged every passenger who lands at Mount Vernon. The association lets the contract for carrying passengers to a steamboat company, which makes daily trips. The fare is $1, which includes the entrance fee tv the house and grounds. Bnt the feeling is general and is loudly expressed that no admission fee at all ought to be charged and the government should bo the owner. This will eventually work a change. Tha management has done much for the place, but the authority of the regent is absolute, the appointment of the vio?regents arbitrary and things conducted ,11_ - Til generally m a siipsnoa "way. unce a year, in the month of May, these ladiec meet at Mount Vernon. They spend a week there and on Sunday they attend Pohick Church, which wae General "Washington's parish church aad sit ia the Washington pew. They look over the accounts?but there is no real supervision, the regent, Mrs. Macalister Laughton, who lives in "Washington, being virtually supreme?and then go homa and see Mount Vernon no more until the nest May. It is obvious that this plan cannot long last. Some years ago a charter was granted a company to build a railroad from Washington to Mount Vernon. Lately the project has been actively revived. When that is built and the time of a visit brought within two hours instead of five hours, as it is at present, and greater crowds attend, the Ladies' Mount Vernon Association will be a thing of the past. THE QUADRENNIAL CONFERENCE. DiAcusjrfon of Several Important Matters, AdWl.. nU Several important matters were considered by the Methodist Episcopal Conference at Richmond, Va., during the two days of its session. A resolution was adopted directing the book agent to pay to the bishops and bishops' widows the amounts designated to be paid them annually, aggregating 336,000. A resolution was adopted that United States Senators Harris, Whitfchorne and Morgan be requested to look after the publishing house claim before Congress. The ecmmitttee on misssion work reported approving co-operation with the Woman's Missionary Society. A. resolution was adoptgd praying the ittention of the President of the United States to the international treaty with China, the disregard of which threatena riolenee to the Missionaries of the Church m that country. The committee on temperance submitted a very lengthy report expressing opposition to the manufacture and sale )f intoxicating liquors, except for medicinal and and mechanical purposes. The committee's report recommended that Jhurch members engaging in. liquor iraffic bo treated as in cases of imprudent conduct Dr. Candler, of Georgia, noved to amend the Discipline by inserfcng the -word "immoral" in place of 'imprudent." The introduction of this intendment elicited a lengthy and aminated discussion, and when Delegate Duncan, of Tennessee, in referring to perWi'm' ni n sanction a traffic with the seal of Methoiism on the barrels," there was a general ratburst of laughter. Dr. Blackwell, of Virginia, thought the less legislation had n regard to morals the better. The re:orded vote on Dr. Candler's amendnent resulted in 107 for and 65 against. m . Jl 3 me report was men aaopteu an a wuum, A resolution was adopted, requesting lie Bishops to put foreign missions in heir regular annual visitations, leaving, lowever, such visits discretionary witlx hem. The Conference commended the roman's missionary work by a unanimous vote. The question of the place of holding he next General Conference was referred o a special committe, to report at their >ption through the Church papers. A committe of five was appointed to select from the Calendar such business 'nr r>nns}^AT?fcin'n hv fhfl Conference as nay be deemed most important A resolution was adopted authorizing ie appointment by the Bishops of an issistant editor of the Christian Advocate; iLso authorizing the editor to draw on iiie book agent for $2,500 annually to pay correspondents. The Conference fixed upon the first Wednesday in May, 1890, as the time for the meeting of the next General Conference. The report of the committee on divorce was adopted. It provides that no minister of the Church shall tolemnize the rite of marriage between parties when one or both are divorced from a wife or husband still living, provided that the inhibition shall not apply to an innocent party to a divorce obtained on Scriptural grounds. The Bishops were authorized to appoint fraternal messengers to the Northern Methodist Episcopal Church, to the Methodist Episcopal Church in Canada, and the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in America. The Convention, just before midnight on the 25th ull, adjourned sine die. Swimming the Hudson. John Robinson, -who claims to be the champion amateur swimmer of the Mersey, Wales, and the Isle of ilan, England, swam across the Hudson River, en the 23d * inst.. from Nyack to Tarrytown, for a purse of $500 against time, the bet being that he could not cover .the distance, about three and a half miles, in one hou*- ind forty-five minutes. The swimmer is lit) lars of age and weighs 150 pounds si.ioped for die water, mis was ins nrst proiessionai race. At about 1.30 o'clock: the steamer Black Bird arrived at the steamboat dock at Tarrytown with a company of sporting men on 1> <ard, and took on board many others who desired to see the swim front the start to the finish. When the Nyack side was reached Robinson got into a small boat, manned by two oarsmen, and pulled nearly ashore. On his way he divested himself of his clothing. He swam in a pair of trunks. At the given signal, at 2.27 o'clock, he made a dive from the stern of the boat and began his work, swimming hand overhand, in George Fern's style. The water was smooth and the tide at the flood. Robinson proceeded nearly all the way on his right side, occasionally turning over on his left to rest himself. He kept up a steady stroke and was surrounded by a small fleet : of boats filled with spectators. During the trip two young pugilists on : the steamer put on boxing gloves and entertained the spectators with a sparring i match. By the time !this exhibition was over the swimmer was nearing tbe Tarrytown shore, and several more boats came out to meet him. It was just 4.03 o'clock when he touched Bird's Dock, with nine minutes to spare. Cat parties are the latest A young girl gives a party and each friend invited brings her cat along with a ribbon about its neck corresponding to that worn by its mistress. There's lots of fun at such parties, especially when the felines come together.