Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. XLII. WIXXSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 1886. NO. 49. THE FAUMEK3 IX COUNCIL i'kockkiiivo OF TIIK ST.VTK CO.WKXi\ roi.i>iki \. A Lar?<* Body of (?<><><] Makf-l |>?!N?*arIv All I." !? ffii ? Th*? in Detail. Pursuant to the call heretofore published, tli-' State Convention of Fanners met in Agricultural Hall, Columbia, on the 29th nit. Promptly at 12 o'clock the Convention was called to order l>y Capt. B. li. Tillman, of Edgefield, who pro eeeutu zo weaver an utuiressm suusuiuce :is follows: If I were much in love witli myself, this manifestation of approval you have just given me might turn my head and make me egotistical. I hope to prove before I conclude what I have to say that, while I am a nam who entertains j>ositive opinions and am not afraid to express them unequivocally when occasion demands, yet still I know who I am and what 1 am. I have been asked to call this convention to order, and state my ? j.1 i... iu uu"dLri?ji'i;i7* LU ut; ^iuiic-ii ami the i?roper mode of proceeding to attain what we have in view. In some respects 1 am thus placed in a peculiar and embarrassing situation. There seems to be a cunvnt opinion that I am a dynamiter, a communist, who stands ready to subvert society and overthrow the Democratic party. The newspapers and the politicians have striven liard to thus picture me in the mind of the public. I have been christened the "Moses," and j the name has stuck ami will continue to stick. The application was first applied to me in derision 1 >y Colonel D. P. Duncan, and it was taken up l?y the newspapers, and has constantly l>een connected with me and the movement which I claim the honor of having originated. But I am not ashamed to hear the name. 31 y friends even call me Moses. I hope sincerely that 1 may, if even in the very smallest degree, rt senible the great lawgiver and leader of the Egyptians; and if 1 sliiill be able, like him, to benefit my people?the whole people of the State without regard to any one class?I will feel that 1 have accomplished my highest obieet. This is mv mission, and has been since. at Bennettsville Lust August, j 1 .started litis movement. Selfish, little men?politicians and editors?have impugned mymotives, thus seeking to iiniutir my intiuence and bring me into bad odor. 1 shall nevertheless continue to move onward till I reach mv goal. You must reform the farming before you can reform the farmers. There ny.of be I among us more teought, inoro brain yhospliatcs. Tiiis agitation has already i broadened into formidable proportions; it is now a grand reform movement ^ Aviiicli will and mi;st triumph over all , (no (>rr iff T?^~T i/U-A S^artTnct vfcry careful how we proceed i will injure the Democratic party ancl | divide our peopie. Xo man man in j South Carolina is a truer Democrat than I I am, but ii necessary I would not flinch j even it' our grand reform movement: should go into politics and rectify the j abuses hi the Democratic camp and wash j its dirty linen. It was feared that I would be very j violent and communistic and advocate; the rending asunder of all prevailing in-' stitutu >ns. but all I have to say is, that if I even- niun in this convention is ;is eon . j sensitive X r$p &;\ha vi> uiu? citizens j ?viii have any cause to complain of the J action of tliis body. He hail somewhere seen a cartoon! which had amused him much, and which ; had impressed on him an important les-1 son regarding the attitude of the cilice-1 ^ iiolders and rulers of the party toward : M this farmers' movement. It represented ; K it large enclosure of glass, in wiii*$h tliere i B were a number of rats, each enjoying a piece of cheese. On the outside was a j ||| cat endeavoring to get in. and mad at j I?r the failure of her efforts to effect an en- j fP- trance. Beneath the picture the legend 1 ran, "You Can't Get In." There were : hungry political cats in South Carolina j who were mad because they could not get into the Farmers' Convention, but the farmers were inside just now; fur once they held the keys, and they in-1 tended ro stay in, and as thev were in j they had better take a nibble at the cheese, just to see how it tastes. The fanners had been so long aecus+.vrv>n>1 t,\ null Hon of (IfOclidpnCft IVU*V.VI vv v ~ - x J and vassalage to tlie unfavorable condi-! tious around them that they had reached j a state where tliey were unwilling to} make an effort to release themselves or' i to respond to an effort to secure dtliverk auoe. He tola iht sco^-y 0* Sterne, who, % v.hile walking near the Uastile in Paris, ^heard a plaintive cry like that of a wo*uan or child, "I can't get out!" "I cau't *jet out!" His compassion was aroused, ! jkiid following the sound he discovered /that it proceeded not from a human prisoner, but fr< >m a caged starling,and, yield-! ing to the feeling of commiseration ex- \ ' > i ? n-- -? i *1... ..r I CltCll UV liitl Ci V <liXU CHU cvii^jUU \/a v-uv captive bird, lie opened the door of the cage. The bird hopped from its perch to the open door, surveyed the fields around the prison, on wliieh no single tree offered a refuge to tempt it to try its long unused v.ings in flight, and then ?turned discouraged back into the cage witli the despairing cry, "I can't get out!" Tliis h:is been the condition of the farmers of the State, as he could tesLfy from his own experience. Made Riptives l>v the adverse circumstances Raich followed the close of the war, sub-j jetted for ten years to a relentless system ! of brigandage and oppression, they had ^ readied a state from wliicli there was absolutely no relief but in a new system of farming. The cage has been opened for ten years, and yet the cry of the farmers is "wo can't get out .'"and they seemed until lvtvctly tu Iv willing to remain in a condition of int nt:d :?nd political Jumdage. V> k-ss tlit-se shack! vs are broken and they would use the opportunity to assert their citizenship and come out into the li^ht and liberty wliicli was their right. lie was afraid tliat when tlxe era of the Xew South diil come it would find the lauds of the farmers in the hands of aliens, and the sons of the present owners sunk into a condition of slavery more abject and degraded than that of the slaves which their fathers held. "Say, you mcu of South Carolina," exclaimed Mr. Tillman, "who own the jioil itud pay three-fourths of the taxes, j how do you take iliis system of dry nursj ing, this intolerable insolenceV"' He urged upon them to find out what was j the wis]i of the funnel's on this snbjeet ! and then go home, and in the primary j assemblies aid in securing tme men To j represent them, he earn! not what "was j their calling, whether lawyers, doctors, I preachers or what not, so that they were | prepared to do that which was for the | best interest of the fanners and all other I classes. { What the fanners wanted was .sqlfI government. Since INTO the negroes 1 had been corralled in a convict camp j with the Democratic party as a guard j over them. The guards hud sunk into a i deep sleep, while a favored few had been j foraging the fields and reaping all the j benefits and emoluments. He earnestly { ! protested his loyalty to the Democratic j party, and said that "no private citizen j had done or risked more than he had in j 1870." If the reforms advocated by liini ! were adopted he believed that the bottom i j would be reached, and the future would be bright with hope and not dark with gloom as now. In the years in which he had struggled to his present position as a fanner he hail learned a little about filming, and when I he came to die he would probably have | learned about as much as he might have I learned in four vears at a well conducted j Agricultur.il College. | Capt. Tillman's address (of which the J above is Imt an imperfect synopsis) y.jus [ I well received, and was repeatedly up- j planded, At the clow of liis address Capt. Tillman declared the Convention ready for business. Dr. W. H. Timmerman, of Edgerield, nominated tiie loll owing-named gentii--1 men as temporary officers: Chjureuui, J. E. Tindall. Yi(:e-Presidents?First l'istrirt, W, T. Brooker, Lexington; Second District, \V. J. Talbert, Edgefield; Third District, J. A. Sligh, Newberry; Foiirth District, M. L. Donaldson, Greenville; fifth District, J. H, Hardin, Chester; Sixth District, E. L. Stacklionsej Marion; Seventh District, George Tupper, Colleton, Secrefciries?0. F. Cheatham, Edgefield. and Thomas W, Holloway, Newberry, The Chair appointed Messrs. Thinner man. Stuckhouse and Thomas a committee to inform tlie Chairman of his election, and they retired and soon returned conducting Mr. Tindall to the platform. ! Mr. Tim lull returned his thanks in a graceful speech. concluding as follows: "The grandest of all civilizations is thai wljicU is built upon the social country life of an intelligent and virtuous people. It shall he only necessary , for this intelligent body to announce their wishes, and there wlil be found j no party in the State who will have tin*! tPTTlPTTtv to stsvnf} in TVOTT lorcemejit. ' A cvjijiiiittct; uii ui~i.auc,uuui>, of one member from each County, wjw ; appointed, to whom it was referred to examine credentials. The committee retired. and the Convention took a recess i till 3 P. M. AFTERNOON SESSION. ! On motion, Commissioner A. P. But- j ler and Master J. X. Lipscomb of the \ State Grange were invited to seats on the j < floor of the Convention. Mr. Allen, of Spartanburg, moved tUp,V Governor Thompson be invited to u1/1vkc? tl-iA f\->T*iwr>>-i<vn of! Chesterfield, opposed the motion and it \ was lost. Mr. Williamson, of Sumter, moved to reconsider. Mr. John J. Pargan suggested a rising vute. If there -were objections or charges against the Governor they should be nwde openly. Mf Evans disclaimed any reflection on the Governor, either as an officisd or as an individual. He simply meant that j ii- .. i.i? r- ,.i;? liie lime Ui tut? V^UU> CTUliUJJ. SxJ.Ul.4JAi HKJ L be taken up with general speech-making. The Chairman ruled the discussion out of order, as the Convention was not yet organized. After a little further debate a motion to receive the report of the Committee on Credentials was earned, and this report was made by Mr. Clarkvou. of Highland. The list of delegates included the names of two hundred and seventy-five persons?every County in the State being totyfovwii+m/I ?ivwuit Rnvtiwcll Rf-mift irt Georgetown and Horry. Tlie report was adopted and the temporary organization was made permanent. The Chairman said he thought the [ matter inviting Governor Thompson to address the Convention should come l>efore the body, and he hoped some member would make a motion to that end. Mr. Donaldson made the motion, anil it was -unanimously adopted. Mr. Talbert offered the following preamble and resolutions, which were unanimously adopted, as expressing the general platform oi the Convention: Whereas, the farmers' movement has been stigmatized by some as antagonistic to tlie interests of other professions; and whereas, it has been said by others that said movement has for its object the creating of a new party and injecting into our body politic false issues, etc.; therefore, be it resolved, First. That we, the members of this Convention, assert and reassert that our object is not at all to antagonize the well I t r. . .r . ! | LH'lIlg OI any umer pruiessiuii ui jiwiw I sions whatsoever. Second. That we recognize the right of ;ill citizens to hold conventions and consult together for the good of their respective callings, and claim for ourselves only the same right in assembling to-day. Third. That we recognize and realize the fact that our State has good, patriotic and useful men in all avocations of life, and we invoke the aid of all such to assist us in advaneing the interests of tiitwhole State. iiii. i tiat we soiemniy avow our < > is not to create any new party or to bring | ! about any dissensions or trouble in tlie j Democratic party, but simply to unite | the farmers of the State for the promotion anil protection of their interests, anil to bring about any reforms in the administration of the State government that may result advantageously to the tillers of the soil in common with every other class of citizens in South Carolina and 1*1 T"*" ? . 1 Ci . A. - - tiie L'Zjiivu omxes. Otli. That v."c arc not here as a ; political immIv to arraign the State admij iiistratiou or any branch thereof, wr j claim tiif ri^ht to discuss any questions j in retrard tli-Trto which may affect our interests as an agricultural p. oj)l<>, and to i demand oar rights as taxpayers. : Ctli. That we do not claim this coiinj try as the farmers', the lawyers', the me-1 | cha tries' or anybody elst/s siloue, l>nt as , oi'it country, to Ik- governed for the mil; tual benefit of all. On motion a Committee on Eesolui lions v.;ts selected, one from each County, ! t?? whoiu all resolutions were reform!. Under this rule a number of resolutions were introduced ami j'roperly referred. Col. X. Li]>seoml\ in response to an invitation, addressed the Convention upon tlie matters proper for its consideration. The Convention then took a recess till S 1?. Hi. NIGHT SESSION. A number of resolntions were were introduced and properly referred. The Committee 011 Tesuluiions reported favorably on the following, which won- adopted: V.'hereas, The agricnltnral interests of the State demand protection, development and advancement, and to accomplish an end so deshahlo, therefore, la solvi d, That in the opinion of this ' Convention, there should oe a permanent farmers' ; lrganization. lieso: vt d. That < >:ie delegate from e;ich Congressioiutl ^District he appointed a ...i I..*.. _i?n i~- -T?^ i'luiiiiiiuvt? \m;w iuu\ xi. mu?ii we tu uruii rules and resolutions for th<- government of said organization. ami tin- sam.e 1?> reported to tliis Convention us early as practical #le. Tli;' a;>pointed tins following : committee: Messrs. Stackliouse. Tilhnan, ' Bradley, Barman, Massey, Duncan and ! Boiiiildson. ' The Committee, pjso reported favorably the resolutions of Mr. Sligh, of Xew- ^ berry, urging the Legislature to puss an i Act limiting the number of references in actions for the settlement of the estates 5 of deceased persons. The resolutions ~ - * i i it i were unanimously aoopiett. J The following resolutions offered l>y 1 Dy. I). C. Tompkins, of Edgefield, were 1 also rej sorted l?y the Committee and ' adopted: Whereas in the report of tUv- Cotop- * troller General h is Kitted xlmt s'.mie of ( the ConnriVs ri turn their ta.x;d>le pvoperat i'uwvs far ln.'low others, some of 1 the Counties returning horses at from 1 SiS to Sod and others returning them t from ?90 to .$!()(*; therefore, he it Ke-olved, That the attention of the > next Legislature he called to tliis dis- 1 crepancy and a remedy provided.. < After healing an address from Col. D. 1 P. Duncan, the Convention adjourned > all. iVi'h:y mcjii,?;.U.<iciook. } The second day1-, proceedings opened * nrftimiriv ;'f 0 nVlnrlf mi flw> 7in1 the 30th nit. A number of resolutions were offered * and properly referred, among them the 1 following: Lecommending The primary plan in nominating Congressmen; fixing tlieperdiim of the Legislature at s>3; that iionu-mltiTcf theL-.'gislatuivshould >. he the attorney lot any corporation; to t discontinue the appropriation for the ] militia. By Mr. Kiev, of Union?Fixing the ( maximum rate of interest at 7 j>er cent.; x asking the next Legislature to j.-rovide s for taking the -census; also, inquiring why a privileged class is established in j fliu Srvnfli rVviiiinn. 1 nivevo*v . By 3ir. Priy(v, of Anderson?That a ( Committer?>i" ten r.e appointed to exam- i ine tilt1 hooks and vouchers of the several departments and report the result to a future meeting of this l?ody. Mr. Thomas moved that, the resolution be laid on the table. The Chair thought that the resolution ought to go to the committee under the rule. -Mr. Allen said that it was competent for the Convention to deal direetlv with the resolu- 4 y \ \ tion. Mr. Prince said tlie charges hjul. been specifically made 1 >y -Mr. Tillman j in his resolutions that there \v;is malad- ( ministration by the government officials. . Mr. Tiiiman, from his place, said it ; wasiiot true. The resolution was referred. j The resolution inquiring as to fees j paid tu attorneys -for litigation in the matter of "Chisobn's Island," came up. ] Mr. Dargan said that what the Con- " vention wanted to know wit*/ why the ; conduct of tbi.s suit was not committed to the Attorney-General, as the law ofn- .] eer of the State. i Colonel Butler replied that it was 1 >e- . cause he was tUe attorney for the Coosaw ] Mining Company, and in view of that ! fact it was deemed advisable to employ another attorney. ' ( Mr. ransom, of the Agricultural J)e- ! partment, made a statement including the resolution of the Board of Agricul- ; tare, authorizing the employment of , counsel?under which Senator A. T. Sniytlie, of Charleston, had l>een retained. Mr. Sniythe was authorized to retain assistants. The entire cost of the phosphate litigation, extending from 1881 to November, 1885, which lias been described above, has been $7,818.42, divided f.s 1UUU O . Fees of Messrs. Sinythe, Verdier and Lee, from ffpril, 1881, to November, 18S5, - -?5,750 00 Costs, surveys, etc., 1,968 42 Fee of Mr. Samuel Lord, in Coosaw case, 100 00 ST,SIS 42 On motion of Mr. Talbert, of Edgefield. the explanation ivas accepted by the Convention as satisfactory*, and the thanks of the body were returned to Colonel Butler and Mr. Bansom for the information, The eoiumittee was then discharged from the fnrtheir consideration of the sul The committee reported favoral>ly the resolutions etfered l>v Mr. Prince, sub stantially us follows: 1. That the fanners l>o urged to plant less cotton and more of tobacco, fruits, melons, grains and grasses. 2. TLat fanners take more active interest in tlie State Department of Agriculture. 3. That tlie Legislature take measures to encourage manufactures. These resolutions were unanimously adopted l>y a rising vote. Governor Thompson, at tliis stage, ar- [ rived and- made an address to the Convention, -which \va.s frequently applauded. . When the Governor took hit; seat., 3Ir. ! Tillman rose to niake^ a disclaimer. He , had Ik'CIi credited with charging ''robbery and misrule." He had used these terms l>nt :nmlied them not to these offi cers but to a ring of politicians which i nearly everybody believed to exist. As to tin; "robbery," he said he referred to {, the lien law?"a system of as damnable robbery as was ever fastened on a peo- t pie.'" j T3ie committee reported favorably the resolutions offered by Mr. Tillman, j wliieh are in substance as follows: 1. That the Legislature establish "a real Agricultiu-al College*', separate from * the South Carolina College, and modeled ? 011 the Agricultiu-al College of Missis- . sippi. t 2. That the institution be under the control of the State Board of Agricul- ^ tuiv, who shall receive bids for its loca- , . o tion from the several counties. 3. That experimental stations be es- ^ tablishetl in connection with tlie Agi-ic.iltural College. ^ 4. That Congress be memorialized to \ t] pass the bill introduced by Mr. Hatch, ^ and now pending, which appropriates , $15,000 annually to each State for this / purpose, and that we ask our Senators and Congressmen to use all U-gitmate means to secure its passage. That we protest against the money (-| for the Agricultural College being under t! iuianagvment of the present .board of j.. .Trustees. 6. That the Trustees of the Agricul-1 j hir.il College he chosen, not l>y the Leg- ^ islature, hut hy a State Convention of tanners, to l?e composed, of represents- S| fives from each County Agricultural ^ Society! 7. That the privilege t:ix <>n fertilizers +-] Lhj doubled ?o raise funds for the pro- j. i)osed Agricultural College. i 8. That the inspection of fertilizers be made more thorough and effective. 9. That the Citadel Academy be abolshed, and the money now appropriated w :o it be devoted to raising the standard ;V .12 - * - -- i- - UHl jmpro> lug" IUU equipment Oi me >_ south Carolina College. ( 10, That the white establish an Iinlus- H rial College for Females, similar to that t] A Mississippi. j. 11. That a committee of one from j, jach Congressional District be appointed (. o present the matters in these resolu- t. ions to the General Assembly. (, liesolutious I, 3 and 4 were adopted j vithout debate. Iso. 5 was discussed, 33 nit finally adopted. No. G passed with- J >ut debate-- No. 7 caused some debate, ti nit was linally adapted. No. S passed ,.j vithoui ceuate. I\o. created some $8? ^TTiU" (w nan lirst /expunging the words "dude tl actory'Vapplied to the Citadel, and el 'nioial graveyards"-as applied to cotton actui ies.-';lNo. 11 caused no debate. I lie j. esoluuons were then adopted as a whole. AI'TEKXOOX SESSTOK. lt The resolution to appoint u committee P o investigate the fiscal offices of the state "v\a.s reported, with the suggcstioip 11 hat no committee be appointed?none H-ing deemed necessary. l) Resolutions to cull a Constitutional -- mvonl tlm i i w > cau^u, CV/ l.AAV JLJltli JL. ?U? , lU iiiikc Judges liold office for life, and tu ls ibolish useless offices, were adopted. ? The committee on permanent organication recommended tlie formation of 'Xlie Agricultural Association of South C Carolina," to be comjjosed of members 3> :lected by tiie county organizations, on p lie basis o? representation in the Lcgis- a: atnre. The committee suggested it com- p nittee of seven to frame a constitution s] 'or the Association. A It was resolved to appoint an execu- p :ive committee of one from each county > :o organize the farmers and keep up the o present agitation till after the meeting of o ;lie next General Assembly. t< iiesolutions suggesting the improve- n nent of our tax system; recommending v liversity of crops, and uifirming ailegi- tl tnce to the Democratic platfonn, were v severally auopiea. u The following committees were ap- r pointed by the Chair under the respect- 1) ive resolutions: 3 Committee to' Draft Rules and Kegu- ? nations for the Agricultural Association? Messrs. Stackliouse, Tillman, Bradley, e L>onaldson, Hinson and H. li. Thomas, u Committee to Memorialize the Legis-. Lature and Congress on the Subjects fi Considered by the Convention?Messrs. t w; u v? t;ii_ ) . >T % JUlli-LlACAr>5 X UOt JL/JoUlvl j XJm JLV. JL XXX. f( uiau, Second District; J. A. Sligli, Third ^ District; D. P. Duncan, Fourtli District; c. Iredell Jones, Fifth liistiiet; Charles K Crossknd, Sixth District; ii. it. Ihomas, ;l Seventh District. s Executive Committee?Abbeville, J. s E. Bradley; Aiken, Dunbar Lamar; An- i dci-son, Pv. P. Clinkscales; Berkeley, J. j, B. Morrison; Charleston, W. (t. Hinson; r CLarendon, Jos. Spratt, Sr.; Chester, 1!. 0 T. Mockbee; Chesterfield, S. "VV. Evans; v Darlington, W. E. McKniglit; Edgefield, (l B. K. Tillnifn, Chairman; Fairfield, T. j S. Brice; Lexington, W. J. Seibels; s Marion, E. T. Stackhouse; Marlboro, W. D. Evans; Orangeburg, J. H. Felder; Pickens, S. F. W. Clayton; Bicli- s land, Thomas Taylor; Sumter, H. P. <r Thomas; Union, O. E. Fant; Williams- s burg, ft. It. -Mcuutcnen; lone, irccieii " Junes; Lancaster, L. J. Perry; Laurens, G. W. Shell; Iverslmv, L. G. Thompson; Oconee, A. B. Broyles; Greenville, M. L. Donaldson; Hampton, John Lawton; Newberry, 1*. T. C. Hunter. The customary resolutions of thanks were adopted, and the Convention then, at 5 o'clock, adjourned sine die. a bi ? ?The latest London device for attracting the attention of passers-by to a shop window is to run a strong electric current alonjr a brass bar placed outside apparently ior the purpose of protecting the glass. You involuntarily place your hand on the bar and immediately receive a shock. The effect is somewhat stall ling, and tlie temperament of the sufferer is hanllv softened by discovering, ^ when it is all over, a small card whereon f the properties of the brass bar are oh- 1 scnrely set forth. 1 ?Lionel Tennyson, whose death is an- j nouneed, was bom in 1854, and was the ' yonngest son of the poet, Alfred Lord < Tennyson, JEFF DAVIS iX MONTGOMERY. the i>nos>!,E vi :l;> \\: ni v.\rur^J.wi-tiip r \ 11r v it vrr.i. ilc Adiirfups the iVi-pit* i'rorii the Spot \Yht*re He Took tin* Oath nf OiTSre as I*r:*->:???*:i? <>! the Confe-JerRey. Montgomery, Ala., Aprils.?To-day ivill ever bo memorial in the history of Vlahaivm. Every It reality was represented, ind many adjacent towns and villages xmred their entire population into the streets of Montgomery. At an early tour the sidewalks were so densely ;aeked that locomotion was dilUeult. It lad rained all night, and poured down Uitil 1U o'clock. Instead of going to the jarii.it was decided to go to the. Capitol rronnds for the speeches to be made 'rom^fhii Vi'W M-.-.nt wl!!>;*i t\'r t>nvis <>ulv Vtic oath of%?ffice as President of he Confederate Suites. The entire city s gaily decorated, anil the. City Hall has United States fla.?s fluttering out of very window. Pictures of the Confedi-ate Generals are fastened to the out- i ide walls, while the names of (.'onfeder,te Generals fluttered to the breeze on tiwaners. The Capitol was beautifully [ecovated, From the topmost point 011 he high dome, towering far above every hiiig in tin: city, floated the stars ' nd stripes. The entire front was cov- . red with streamers and devices, while liero was suspended along the front colons immense Federal flags reaching .own almost to the heads of the speakrs. Private I louses and business houses , 11 have a liberal supply of decorations ^ twl iL?vu?^c *n>?l u*i ?r*l< / if UY?lr?nl>iA til ATv )avis. The scen.-s around ^Ir. Davis liis morning and the great desire to see , ud shako liim 1?y the hand are inde- , rrihahlc. Being feeble, it was more !i.-m lie could stand, and he had to retire. ' The military escort formed in front oi' ? iie hotel and extended far up the avenue ( adiiig to the Capitol. It was liecessary j fci'iu a square in order that the pro- ' ession might move. The companies ore formed and stretched out on cach ide. A carriage with four white horses as drawn up to the door, and promptly I :1 o'clock ?!r. Davis, cscorted by Payor Keese, Governor O'Neal and ex-j rovemor Watts, formerly of Lis Cabi- 1 et, stepped tVoin t::?! hotel and entered 10 carriage. Tin - shouts of the luui tilde as he was seen to emerge i>,o,.n liu: ' otel liad a uervuns jerk. v.Iiifli i:ar::eieriz:.d what became famous'as the : yell of tlie Southerm rs"' the world ver. T?; next carriage contained (Ion. ol;n ]>. Gordon and Captain \\. 1.-. 'i'agg, 3;iss Whudo I avis, youngest aughtor of Mr. I-avis, and Miss Reese, * ie Mayor's daughter. Xhe third car- 'L iage contained W. W. Screws, Mrs. jiiss ter.. images lohowed, with tliu trustees of le 3Ionnnien: Association and tlic Gov- ^ .nor's staff. , Amid tlic waving of liats and hand- j. ercliiefs, the booming of cannon, the ^ laying of hands of music and shouts x mder than ever before heard, the scene !, resented was rarely ever witnessed in j ; tiy country; the demonstration being j 7 1 lienor of. a man proscribed by the If 'nited States government and us a tri- j ( ute to the dead sohliers of a cause thatj ., as lost. Ilio route of the procession j < as about hall a mile long. The avenue i j i very wide, but the crowd when it be-1 t an to move was jniekcd from one side to I 1 le other. i A "When the procession arrived at the i r apitol the gateway v.as cleared for Mr. ' $ )avis, the military being formed so as to i f revent the overrunning of the buildings i ] ad grounds before he had readied his 1 lace. He was seated upon the historic j pot he occupied February 18, lS(il. I \ jranged in front was a place for the i 1 ress and on the sides and in the rear of j t Ir. Xavis were the members of various j rganizations interested in the building j f the monument, which it is proposed : 2 :> erect' on the hill and immediately ( orth of the Capitol. I'eople, men, j romen and children, were packed from i ?l. :i lie steps to TJio iroin gate, ?nu h uhu n >, as impossible for ;i great part of them < o hear, they stood in their places out of . i espect for 31 r. Davis and a desire to see I ] im. \\ hen. order hud been secured, ] Jayor 1'eese advanced to the front and j i aid: j < 'Olr CoUMuviiEx: Jt is with profound j < motion that I present to you the fore-; < lOfct type of Southern manhood, Hon. j 1 eflerson Davis, ex-President of the C'oii- j [. derate States of America." The scenes heretofore enacted were i' one over as Mr. Davis advanced, and it; ras some minutes before he conk! pro- 1 eed. It was the iir.>t time that thouunds in the crowd had seen him since hi-. ^ rrival, it being impossible for ail to peronally reach him at the hotel. The I louts finally dying away, Air. Davis, .aning on his cane, with a Federal flag ' ringing over him and Confederate vete- ' alls before him, who had come hundreds 1 if miles to hear and sec him, in a clear, inging voice, showing the deep intensity if his feelings, but without a tremor or I >atise, except when interrupted by the I bouts of his hearers, said: "Mv friends, it would l>e vain it' 1 hould attempt 11"> <"'vv.n -? to von the deep I ^ratification which f fi .-1 at tlrV, demon- i tuition. But f know that it is not perional, and therefore I f? el more deeply rratui'ul, because it is :i sentiment far leaivr to me tiian myself. You have Kissed through the ordeal of a war which Uahania did not seek. When she f-.-lt j jer wrongs too grievous for further toleration siie sought a pcaceahle solution. L'hut being denied her, the thunders of var cann- ringing over the land. Then ler Deo'iile rose in their majesty. (Irav wired sires and beardless boys eagerly J nislied to the front. It.'?vas that war vhich Christianity alone approved--:: j ioly war for d.S'ense. V\*< 11 <!o f rt i.1.. :: n-r seeing y<u'i* tfe-.-llf* beys, m small. !' j isr a farmer's phrase, tl-y might haw >een called seed corn, moving on with . ager step and fearless brow to the eaniiral of death; and I have also looked upon aicm when their knapsacks and mrskcts* >eemed heavier th.au the boys, and my ?yes, partaking of a mother's weakness. fille/1 n-i+l< Thus/* finvs have i>f>.sse,.l. Many of tliom have funnel raiueli-es graves; but they ;nv not (h ad. They live in mcmoiy, and their spirits stand out a grand reserve oi" that coliu.m v.hich if: marching on with unfalfrring st< p-; to-1 tlu> ?oal of constitutional liberty. [Applans*.] "it were in vain if T should attempt, as I have alieady sii;T, to express my gratitude to yon. l am standing now very nearly on the spot where I stood when T took the oatli of office in 1801. Your demonstration now exceeds that wliich welcomed me then. This shows that the spirit of Southern liberty is not dead. [Long and continued applause.] Then you were full of joyous hopes. You had every prospect of achieving all you desired, and now you are wrapped in the mantle of regret?and yet that regret only manifests more profoundly, and does not obliterate, the expression of your sentiments. "I felt last night as I approached the Exchange Hotel, from the gallery of which your peerless orator, William L. Yancey, introduced me to tlie citizens of unery, and commended me in language which only his eloquence could Weld, and Avliich far exceeded my merit, I felt, I say ag:un, that I was coming to my home, coming to a land where liberty dies not, and serious sentiments will live forev< r. [A] >] >lause. J ' I have been promised, my friends, that I should not be called upon to make a speech; and, therefore, I will only extend to you my heartfelt thanks. God bless you, one and ail, old men and boys, and the ladies above all others, who never faltered in our direst need." [Loud and loner continued applause.] When lie retired the shouts were so lou^ and loud that Mr. Davis had to go l"A ill A ASini TIrt O r% IU mi; J i win ci^ciiix. ixc xxio at" knowledgments and thanks. Governor O'XeaU when it was possible to 1 >e heard, made a handsome s|)eech in reference tu the cause of the gathering, ind of the love the peojde of the South feel fur the statesmen and soldiers of the South, and introduced General John B. [iordon, the orator selected to deliver the address, as in Mr. Davis's feci tie eondi:i.-n it-was understood he could only flifiik a few minutes. General Gordon received a grand welcome, as many sol iicrs that he had commanded were present. In opening Lis address General Gordon made an eloquent :illusion to ??Ir. Davis, in the course of \vliich he said: "As j saw liirn in that first great conflict :.f the Confederacy, with the shouts of victorious legions in his ears, and the _'I> >ry of l)i:lt!c ou his face, he was in the iK-vidian blu/.c of his i';i.me, commanding he unqualified confidence of his South rn countrymen and the attention of Christendom. JJut as a prisoner, stripped of ail power save the power to eiilure, sustained hy that majestic spirit vliich no force hut death could conquer,iwaiting his judicial trial and all its con-,, quailed and never excelled, it was then hat lie bound himself to the hearts of us people in deathless affection and rose o the sublimest height of the morally , leroic. Of these two scenes, the one in he fnrtivss was more profoundly im rcssive. Its lesson is of inestimable "alue to tlie young men of our countiy. t tvacln > that no revulsion ill political ... 1..1.,-rr sw /ivfvmnn i !lWi>r\a miVlllA U 1/X V.\ViVlii\.j ! :iti overwhelm or crush the man whose , arc lofty -mk! v.lioso life is blsimelcsS. I'o mv mind, great and grand as he was 11 the hour of his most splendid triumph, ic was greater and grander still in the lour of his deepest lnuniliation. And , vlieii alienation and hitter memories are rone, when tire crucial test <;? historical .""1 ill lio inlK" fnrrlv and tnit.1i iilly nintlc. then his name and his fame, lis conspicuous services to the conntry Ji'foro the war. his unrivalled State papers and manly utterances during the var, and his moral elevation and matchess fortitude as prisoner of State after :he war, will command universal respect md challenge unqualified admiration." Tn alluding to the achievements of the Northern and Southern armies, General lordon sitiu: -I aeknowledge inferiority to 110 man ii admiration of the broad liberality , .vhic-li prompted the efforts of Charles , muh1';t to strike from the flags of the L nidi tiie names of the battles between lis estranged and embittered countryi!t-n: yet I subscribe neither to its policy ior to its justice. All honor to the spirit , >f the man who, facing a storm of political wrath, could rise to the lofty purpose >1' destroying all mementoes of Northern :riumph over his Southern countrymen! \ 11 honor to the eloquent utterances by allien lie sought to make practical Iris magnanimous conception! But I utterly dissent from the opinion that such hliteration was either essential to the fraternization of the sections or just to l!io intrepid armies of the Union. The one thing essential to the manhood and -eil-respect and, therefore, I repeat, to the patriotism of the people, is that exiet historic justice shall he meted to each limy and all sections. Let malicious detraction cease; let envy, which enshiw s ignohle minds, find 110 place in the breast of any lover of truth. 'With what measure ye mete, it shall :>e measured to yon again.' A jufct appreciation of the motives that impelled and of the heroism which sustained each army and -eciion in their Titanic eoniliet, is the symbol as well as sustenance of ]>atriotisiii. illiberal criticism is not only un]i.u]ii'tie? it is irrational. Merited encomiums ?>f Southern heroism is implied fii'fCiy of Northern prowess, which, inspired oy devotion to the Cnion of the Hlates ?nd sustained through privations aiid blood l?y the profoundest convictions. brought at last this lion-hearted > " 1 - 1 ? ! il... section t<> iit']fill a::u surrender. v.\u mc hand, laudations of the great commanders o; tlie 'Army of the Potomac' and oi' their fearless followers and the monuments lurilt to their mem on* are monuments al-?> to Lee ami liis barefoot hunprv 1 k-i*:who for four nloodv y?-,>rit va>f numbers at l>ay. and i:i tiie sjsu't of ;:ir?tr years defeated and forced In>nr tlie supreme command at least live of these renowned Federal captains." At the conclusion of General Gordon's eloquent address it was announced that ?Jr. Davis would receive his friends at the Cirv Hall. As lie started from the Capitol portico the artillery Loomed fortli and fired a salute of one hundred grins. The same seonc of cheering and waving of handkerclii'Ts was enacted as when the procession moved up the avenue. 31 r. bavis was canied to the City Hall,1 where general handshaking was indulged in by a vast number of callers, only permitting a moment to each. Tlr.s ended the day's demonstration. It was a grand .success, rain during a portion of the day being the only drawback. Universal good humor prevailed. It is impossible to estimate the crowd, but it was fully twenty thousand in the streets and on the : grounds. a :>]$. POttDERLY AT HOME. ( Hix Views on the S^triKe?'. the Eteht-Hour Systci]!, and Some Oilier .Mntterx \?\v \^itntius the Laboring People of the Country. (From the Yo. k ?t r.') Although General Cluster "Workman Powderly of the Knights of Labor is an ( advocate of a reasonable share of rest for tlie world's workers, he deems the entire ] twenty-four honrs too brief for liis own daily task. Tlie click of tlie typewriter ( is heard Lite into the night in the cozy little back office of his unassuming resi- ^ dence in the Hyde Park section of the ( city where the Jal>or cliief makes his 3 home. When the correspondent of the 1 Star called to sec the master workman lie found him hard at work hi this oliice. 1 The way was led 1 >y a modest, courteous, attentive and intelligent little lady, who 1 stands between the labor chief anil 1 the hundreds who are continually calling * to see him. This is Mrs. Powderly, and she is a wonderful assistance to her hus- "" band in the performance of his exacting 5 /Intfpe TTnvinor ui+milnrV'd flic- visitor ^ she withdraws, and the folding doors * which separate the front parlor from the office library are closed. The workshop ^ in which the general master workman 5 labors is crowded with books and papers, but neatness, order and method are apparent in the arrangement of every < article, from the glass paper weight to the pile of bound volumes that contain copies of all the important letters he has ] written in the discharge of his official { duties during the six years that he has <= been at the head of the gr? atest labor ] organization in the world. A mass of t letters, brought in one day's mail, rises J from the carpeted floor almost as high t as the chair upon which lie is .seated, c and 3Ir. Powderly is caivfnlly going { through these and making such m-tes of x their contents as he thinks they deserve, t "You must receive as large a mail as ? the average exchange editor/' said the ( correspondent after the iirst friendly \ greetings were over. r "Well, I don't know how much of a ] mail an exchange fditor generally gets," s said 31 r. Powderly, "but this is a fi.ir t specimen of what comes to me every day through the mails, and my telegraphic <] correspondence is not much less. As a t <r?01?'Tu1 f] lino- tllf I if ~ Knights of Labor select intelligent secre- j, (fi'i'ni MUl|A \>\\l J.'receive some epistles v that would puzzle ah~expai uuui3-^ ? decisions on knotty questions that would 1 stagger Solomon himself. There is work c enough in my office to keep six men fully t' employed, and yet I am expected to do 1] it and at the ssmie time have sufficient 1< leisure for philosophical essays on scien- L tiiic and economic problems that would 1< tax the wisdom and scholarship of a John j Stuart Mill. 1 hen it is astonishing how j, (prickly I am taken to task for the use of C1 some learned phrase or expression that ? conveys the most direct meaning 1 can think of at the time. I am always anxious to give my ideas the simplest form ^ of expression possible, so that there may be no misunderstanding of what I say or write. Such simplicity requires study, ? ,1 T 1 Ltiiu. uo j. JJLW exilic ivjjl ouun ui ICIIW tion, tlie thought must be taken on its j own merits without regard to the r etting. What with sickness, worn* and work I chave had a busy time of it lately, and I ^ see no let up in the near future. Our j. order is increasing -with amazing rapidi- ^ tv, and as a. general thing new members c are more likely to misunderstand its mis- q sion than the old ones. It ought to be ^ generally known that the order of the j Knights of Labor is emphatically op- t posed to strikes until all other means of j securing a settlement of the matters in c dispute have failed. But 1 find that some 9 of those who want to join us have quite a different impression, and appear to be- j lieve that we are organized for the pur- q pose 01 conducting instead 01 preventing q strikes." "Was the general executive board cog- j nizant of the fact that there was going to ' be a strike in the South vest prior to the q strike taking place?" "" "We knew that the men there had grie- a vances, but ffuwcro not quite certain that t the matter Cuiild culminate in a strike. \ There was great dissatisfaction among the ] men, owing to the obstinacy of Vice- t President Hoxie, who refused repeatedly s to listen to their complaints, '.l lie dis- <j trict assembly was not required by our ( laws, however, to appeal the matter to ? +l?n rtvnz-o'.lii'o 1>aovi1 .ro /. v.-*/rr o C U1U VAtV- UIA? Vy ?\ .Uiu \-i\lV U ^ strike, untl this is one of the tilings that g we expect to amend at our utc;< general }l convention. We shall so amend the laws J of the order that no assembly c:m order ( a strike hereafter without first sr.: knitting } the matter to the highest authority in the t organization, except at the risk of having ? its charter revoked. There mrst he no more strikes if it is possible to avert l them, and I think it is." ]; "Js it true that a general effort will be ( put forth by the order throughout the country, on the first of next month, to make eight hours the standard day's c work?" _ * f "There is no truth whatever :i- such a c rc-port. While I am, as you know, in * favor of shortening the hours of labor, I * recoiruize the crreat fact that *!: public * is not yet fully educated up i<> tlie re- 1 quiremeuts of inaugurating the eight- f hour system'succcssfuliy. A reform like that requires time for diserrssion. "We want the manufacturers and < <; >:overs 1 of all kinds to have plenty < : ;>.:ie to } talk the matter ..v. r ami s.-.- \ ;vin it ] would Ih; of benefit to aii cop<vmed^? tlu; man who employs L.Lur v.vll as 1 the man who labors." "It is quite generally reported that an effort will be made on the 1st of 3lay in behalf of the eight-hour system. "Would . it have the approval of the order?" "We cannot countenance it at present, , because we believe su.-h a movement now would prove abortive, and we want to prepare the country for it. .Tu^t now the public is unprepared, and the .result would be to sen?>uslv erij tpleindustry and pvevent men from making contracts. We : are not in favor of introducing any such chaotic condition of affairs." "Do you expect to see the eight-hour movement effective at any time in the near future?" "Whenever we find that the country is ready for it we shall urge it with all the earnestness at our command, but before that time employees and employed must have ample opportunity to become 1J-- T 5? acquainted willi its oeneiiis. "What would be tlie principle benefits of shorter hours of labor to the workingmen of the country?" "A more general diffusion of labor and consequently fewer idle men in the country. The employed have not as many opportunities to improve their condition tvhen there are a great many idle men as -, ? ? they would have if all were at work. Ihere are many other advantages to be lerivecl from shorter hours of labor which it is not necessary to enumerate at present, since that "would- lead to the disjussion of the question of labor-saving nachinery and matters of incidental importance." "How soon do you expect to see the right-hour movement successful?" "Xo time has been fixed for it, and it vould be difficult to fix any time just low*. It may be two, three, or more fears hence, but not until the question is tJIv discussed and thoroughly understood by the country. There will be no ' general strike for the eight-hour movenent in this country on the 1st of May, ls some of the newst>aT>ers snrvnose." !Mr. Powderly appeared before Congressman Cnrtin's committee of investigation at "Washington on Tuesday. CAPTURE OF THE WHITE HOUSE. Children Take Possession of the Grounds and Roll Easter Eggs All Day. Washington has one observance of Easter which is unparalleled andp eculiar o itself?it is the forcible entry and poslession of the President's grounds on master Monday by the children under 10 rears of age. How the custom originated and when, nobody knows?only hat on every Easter Monday all the little iliildren in Washington, directly after jreakfast, swarm to the White House to oil Easter eggs on the green slopes of he grounds. The grounds are in a mea x. x.1. _ VT* 1 x xl. . lire open to xne puoue, out even xne ?hief Magistrate is entitled to some priaey. But by 'a law of tlie children's aaking, all others are superseded on Easter Monday. No part of the park is acred, and a crowd estimated from five o eight thousand, all under 10 or 12, iot at will over tlie grassy knolls. Yenlers of Easter eggs drive a thriving rade. The scene is highly picturesque .nd interesting. The young ones concrv httle toddlers, who roll themselves ...M ally, and the girls therefore exclude hem, as the boys would soon come to iave a monopoly of the eggs. All day mg it goes on, and when the multitude .as departed it looks as if an army of Dcusts liacl passed over the land. Presi.ent Arthur always came out and enDyed the scene immensely, and Presi.ent Cleveland enjoyed the gambols of lie children for a long time. THE SOUTHERN BAPTISTS. 'hirty-First Session of the Convention?A Large Gathering Expected in Montgomery.. The thirty-first session of the Southrn Baptist Convention will be held in Iontgomery, Ala., on Saturday. The Jev. J. B. Hawthorne, of Georgia, will reach the Convention sermon. The iouthem Captist Convention was organ;ed at Augusta, Ga. There are now a the United States 2,572,238 Baptists. )f these 2,LKXJ,lKJU are in mat scope 01 ountry over which the Southern Baptist ,'onvention extends. The Convention oes its work through two boards, viz: 'he foreign mission board, located at lichmond, Ya., the Rev. H. A. Tupper, ).D., corresponding secretary. The reeipts of this board last year were $81,89.59. The board has missions in Xexico, Brazil, Africa, China and Italy, .'iie Rev. Charles Mraoly, D. D., of Jreenville, is Wee-president for South 'arolina. The second is the home mision board, located at Atlanta, Ga., the lev. J. T. Tichenor, D.D., correspond ug secretary. J-iast year s recepts were ;71,431.68. Tliey reported 185 missionries, 2,931 baptisms, 4,664 additions in 11;'three churches organized. Among he colored people the board has been idding institutes, theological, at which 79 preachers and deacons have been aught. The mission fields are in Arkanas, Louisiana, Texas, Florida and Lilian Territory; in Key West among the Cubans, and also the Levering School in he Indian Territory. The Kev. R. "W. landers, of Chester, is vice-president for iontli Carolina. The officers are elected nnuallv. Those of last year were the P. H. Mell, LL. D., of Athens, ra., president, and the Rev. Lansing Surrows, D.D., of Augusta, Ga., and he Rev. 0. F. Gregory, of Baltimore, ecretaries. The rates of travel for delegates have )ccu fixed so low by the railroads that a arge attendance is expected from South. Carolina. ?Tlie great majority of English medial women undoubtedly marry either beore or soon after they complete their :urricnlum; in fact, one almost fancies hat men either perversely seek as wives he very type of women whose intellee:ual tastes they pretend to detest, or prulently apply matrimony as a solvent of sexual competition. ?The French Minister of the Interior ms issued an order to the Mayors and Prefects of France that they are to do all n their power to dissuade emigration. The French arc the least migratory of nations, the annual average of emigrants >eing under 5,000 out of a population of 57,000.000. ?Senator Bowen, of Colorado, says that Attorney General Garland "will not resign. In his opinion "the investigation has developed nothing but the fact that Garland was unjustly accused and tuercilossly abused." ?Tin; fund for the widow of General Hancock, now being raised in Boston, i,<j Hearing the sum of $10,000, . . - - f