Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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r . - ^ . .. VOL. XLIL WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1885. NO. 10. " ? A Savajre. Di'xon, a Choctaw. 20 years of aze. Had killed a miner in a Leadville brawl; Tried rtud condemned, the rough-beards curb their raze. And watch hiin stride in freedom from the hail. "Return on Friday, to be shot to death!" So ran the sentence?it was Jlonday nig-ht. The dead man's comrades drew a vell-pleased ^ breath : Tben all night long the gambling dena were ^ bright. The days sped slowly; but the Friday came, , And flocked the miners to the shooting jfifc ground; They chose six rifiemen of deadly aim. And with low voices sat and lounged around. "He will not come." "He's not a fool." "The "* men Who set the savage free must face tho blame." A Choctaw brave smiled bitterly, and then Smiled proudly, with raised head, as Dixon came. Silent and stern?a woman at his heels: He motions to the brave, who stays her f~ tread. Next minute?fiame the guns: the woman reels And drops without a moan?Dixon is dead. ?John Boyle O'Reilly. ^ THE LAST CONTEST. ' A soldier, who had won imperishable fame on the battle-fields of his country was confronted by a gaunt ctf.ynrrar iVlorl oil in nnr} WP??rir?cr an impenetrable mask. "Who are you that you dare to block my way?" demanded the soldier. Then the stranger threw aside his mask and the soldier knew that he was Death. "Have you come for me?" asked the soldier. "If so, I will not go with you; so go your way alone." But Death held out his bony hand y and beckoned to the soldier. ' "No," cried the soldier, resolutely; "my time is riot come, see, nere are k the histories I am writing?no hand but mice can finish them?I -will go when tliey are done." "I have hidden by your side day and night," said Death; "I have hovered about you on a hundred battle-fields, but 110 sight of me could chill your & . heart till now, and now I hold you in my power. Come!" And with these words Death seized upon the soldier and strove to bear him hence, but the soldier struggled so desperately that he prevailed "against Death, and the strange phantom departed alone. Then when he had gone the soldier found upon his throat the imprint of Death's cruel fingers?so fierce had been the struggle- And .nothing could wash them away, for they were disease, lingering, agonizing, fatal disease. But with quiet valor tho ^ soldier returned to his histories, and r lor many days thereafter he toiled upon them* as the last and best work of his noble iife. "How thin and pale the soldier is getting," said the people. "His hair is whitening and his eyes are weary. He should not have undertaken the histories?the labor is killing him." They did not know of this struggle with "Death, nor "had they seen tho marks upon the soldier's throat. But '* fl\n wk/\ AnwtA f/v Kim or\/^ -O* ?? IUU UiiJ ITUV bl/ AJ.1AJJ auu '-^ saw the marks of Death's cruel fingers, shook their heads and said the soldier could not live to complete his work r.pon which his whole heart was set. And the soldier knew it, too, and many a time he paused in his writing and laid his pen aside and bowed his head upon his hands, and strove for consolation in the thought of the great fame he had already won. So when Death came a second time he found the soldier weak aud trembling and emaciated. "It would be vain for you to struggle with me now," said Death. "My r poison is in your veins, aud see, my dew is on your brow. But you arc a brave man and I will not bear vou with pic till you have asked one favor, which J will grant" "Give me an hour to ask the favor," *aid the soldier. "There are so many things?my histories and all?give mo an hour that I mav dccide what I shall ask?" And as Death tarried, the soldier communed with himself. Before ho closed his eyes forever what boon should he ask of Death? And the sol1 dier's thoughts sped back over the years and his whole life came to him like a lightning flash?the companionship and smiles of kings, the glories of government and political power, the "honors of peace, and joys of conquest, the din of battle, the sweets of a quiet home life noon a western prairie, the gentle devotion of a wife, the clamor of "noisy boys and the face of a little girl?ah, there his thoughts lingered and clung. "Time to complete our work?our books?our histories," counseled ambition. "Ask Death for time to do this last and crowning act of our great Jife." : But the soldier's ears were deaf to the cries of ambition; they heard another voice?the voice of the soldier's heart?and the voice whispered "Nellie ?Nellie?Nellie." That was all?no other words but those, and the soldier struggled to his feet, and stretched forth his hands and called to Death, and hearing him calling, Death came to him and stood before him. Kara WTT " CO flip X T Ul.aUUV iUO VWW?Wj soldier. "The books?" asked Death with a scornful smile. "No, not them,1' said the soldier, "but my little girl?my Nellie! Give me a lease of life till 1 have held her in Hese arms, and then come for me and , M <r0?" 1 Wl.. *U* , , Then s nideous aspect was changed; jl ^ stern features relaxed and a looli of pity ."'ftBJc upon mum. auu Death said, "It so? '' and saying this he went his W*J'' Now the soldier's eh.'1^ far away ?many, many leagues where the soldier lived; beyond a broad, tempestuous ocean. She was not as y?n might suppose, a little child, although the soldier spoke of her as such. She was a wife and a mother; yet even in her womanhood she was "to the soldier's heart the same little girl the soldier had held upon his knee many and many a time while his rough hands weaved prairie Uowers in her soft, fair curls. And the soldier called for Hellie now, just as he did then, when she sat on his knee and prattled of her dolls. This is tho way of the human heart. It having been noised about that the vt-ic dr-incr nnd th.it Nellie had ? J, ? been sent for across tiie sea, all the people vied with each other in soothing the last moments of the famous mac, for he was beloved by all, and all were bound to him by bonds of patriotic gratitude, since" he had been so brave a soldier upon the battle-tields of his country. Bat the soldier did not heed their words of sympathy; the voice of fame, which in the past had stirred a fever in his blood and fallen most pleasantly upon his cars, awakened no emotion in his bosom now. The soldier thought only of Nellie, and ho awaited her coming. An old comrade came and pressed uis nana, ana tai&eu oi me times vrucu j they went to the wars together; and the old comrade told of this battle and of that, and how such a victory was won and how such a city was taken. But the soldier's ears heard no sound of battle now, and his eyes could see no Sash of sabre or.smoke of war. So the people came and spoke words of veneration and love and hope, and so with quiet fortitude, but with a hungry heart, the soldier waited for Nellie, iiis little girl. She came across the broad, tompest- J uous ocean. The gulls Hew far* out I from land and told the winds, and the ! winds blew further still and said to the j ship: "Speed oli, oh ship! speed on in | thy swift, straight course, for you j are bearing a treasure to a father's j heart!" Then the ship leaped forward in her pathway, and the waves were very Still, and the winds kept wnisperiug: Speed on, O ship," till at last the ship was come to port and the little girl was clasped in the soldier's arais. Then lor a season the soldier seemed quite himself aga?>, and people said: "He will live," and then prayed that | he might. But their hopes and pray- I ers were vain. Death's seal was on the I soldier and there was no release. The last days of the soldier's life i were the most beautiful of all?but j what a mockery of ambition and fame, j and all the grand pretentious things of ! life they were! They were the triumph j of a human heart, and what is better or purer or sweeter than that? No. thought of the hundred battle- j fields upon which his valor had shown j conspicuous came to the soldier now? i nor the echo of his eternal fame?nor j even yet the murmurs of a sorrowing | people. . Nellie was by his side, audhis [ hungry, fainting heart fed on her dear J love and his soul went back with her i 10 inc years long agoae. Awav beyond the western horizon j upon the prairie stands a little home i over which the vines trail. All about I it is the tall, waving grass, and over | yonder is the swale with a legion of ! chattering black-birds perched on its | swaying reeds and rushes. Bright j wild flowers bloom on every side, the ; quail whistles on the pasture fence, and ! from his home in the chimney corner) the cricket begins to chirrup an echo j to the lonely bird's call. In this little prairie home we see a man holding on i his knee a little girl, who is telling him j of her play as he smooths her fair curls j or strokes her tiny velvet hands; or | perhaps she is singing him one of her j baby songs, or asking him strange questions of the great wide world that is new to her: or oerhaos he binds the wild flowers she has brought into a little nosegay for her new gingham dress, or?but we see it all, and so, too, does the soldier, and so does Nellie, and so they hear the black-bird's twitter and the quail's shrill call and the cricket's faint echo, and all about them is the sweet subtle, holy fragrance of memory. And so at last when Death came and the soldier fell asleep forever, Nellie, his little girl, was holding his hands and whispering to him of those days. Hers were the last words he heard, and by the smile that rested on his face when he was dead you might have thought the soldier was dreaming of a time when Nellie prattled on his knee and bade him weave the wild flowers in her curls. * * * ?- ? TT - 1 ? ^s. rl Iv.f * V* ?-v DninAA J&uiarnvf acipcu iub a huvc. "Killarney," writes a correspondent, "is already reaping benefit irom the prince's visit- The hotels arc almost full, and the season improves as it advances. The singular feature of this year's experience is the way strangers have trooped in. More than 50 per cent of the guests have crossed the sea, and the company at one hotel last week included a Dane, an Austrian, and two Germans. The Yankee elesient one meets largely, but one expects to meet it largely. The Irish visitors are chiefly brides?with their appurtenaut bridegrooms, the display of new wedding rings at the breakfast tables quite rivaling a jeweler's stock. The royal influence is felt along the gap and by the lake. His royal highness would appear tr? have oersonailv conducted bv many of the guides, rowed by most of the boatman, and successfully solicited by all the beggars. The place where he first drank illicit whisky and the spot where 'that big lady out of Lon- . don1 (the priaccss) last drank goat's milk are pointed out energetically but variously. There is more unauimity about the exact place .where a woodcock rose and where a red deer descended, and in fact the princc and princess aro already regarded as ranking pari passu with O'Dcnog'nue aud Kate Kearney. I must not omit," adds our correspondent, "one bit of repartee which 1 myself overheard. My guide scowled at a peasant who stared well at him. 'You'll know me again if you meet me,' said my guide. 'Not if you wash your face,' said the peasant." Lf~11 1 7/ i {.Mb lUUk U Hancock's Courtesy to Gordon. Gen. Gordon related an incident of his experience in New York which appeared to have touchcd him very deeply. He was complimented in the first place by being-invited to act as aid upon Gen. Hancock's staff. When he called to report for duty he was handed an order which directed staff officers to take their positions in the line according to their rank. Gen. Gordon was embarrassed when he read this. He had held one of the highest offices in the confederate army, but under the existing order of things he had no r?rnk. So ho solved the vexed question of Ills position by going modestly to the end of the line below every one of the regular army officers down to the humblest, But he w:is not permitted to remain there. An aid from Gen. Hancock came galloping up and directed Gen. Gordon as the ranking officer to take his position at the head of the staff next to Gen. Hancock himself. This recognition of his old grade deeply touched Gen. Gordon, not that he cared anything for the position itself. ' He is too much a man of the world ' ' be moved about trifles, but the spirit of courtesy and friendliness that die- 1 tated the offer stirred his chivalrous j nature to its fullest depths. Again at j the tomb Gen. Gordon fell back, decid ing to yield the place to some of Gen. j Hancock's regular military associates. But even then ho was foiled by the watchful courtesy of Gen. Hancock. Word came quickly to Gen. Gordon that he was out of position, and he was ' directed, to move up above Gen. Iioger Jones and hold his placc to the close of I the ceremony.? iv. i. rvvr.u. i ? I All of the old California ruining | towns are in a decayed or decaying | i condition. Some or i hem, most flour- j j ishing from 1840 to 1854 or 1856, are ! bjotted from existence aud lost to i memory, saye in ihe immediate neigiij borhood where thev once stood. linn mum mi i ! ii ii in EASILY OHIO SHTTLKRS. 3X:ti2as$ch Cutlrr*& >i ^ion for the Ohio Comp my?The l*iom;?T S?*ttl?*rs. It was now decided to make direct and immediate application for the purchase of land in the territory northwest of the Oaio river. :iud as an ugrnt to negotiate with Congress t ic associates chose one of their own number, the Rev. Manas^eh Cutler, pastor of a little Congregational church mi Hip hamlet of Ipswich (now Hamilton). Massachusetts. The company c>uid have e:?ployi-?J no MClier mail ui:ui ur. v^uiht. i ;i i:mprime of life, forty-live years < f ag?-, lie was, perhaps, second iu gener.il geui;:? and culture to no living America::, except Franklin, :uid iti.s name possessed a prestige iu liie ii:er.irv and scientific circles of Bosto.v, New York, ami Philadelphia. Since his graduation from Yale, twenty-two years before, he had studied and taken degrees in the three learned professions divinity, law, ai:d medicine. His education was one of unusual solidity, and the versatility of his genius was attested by the fact that in addition to his clerical duties he had written upon meteorology, astronomy, and botany. His strength was rendered readily effective by the possession of a keen insight into human nature and of a courtly grace of conversation, lie was further qualified for*the duty he was to undertake by his deep sympathy with the Revolutionary soldiers. He had been among them as chaplain through two campaigns. TT 1 1?? ,l.? n:iu D1. gouu iuiiu a.3 iu? ambassador of :i powerful nation, his mission could not have burn more vastly important than it was in his capaeicity as agent for iliis feeble, struggling colon:z:;tioii society, nor could it have demanded more consummate tact Ho journeyed in humble style in iiis onehorse shay or gig, and there w:is nothing in tii'; appearance of liie quiet, comfortable, dignilied New JOugiand parsou, leisurely j >gging along the e mutry roads of iViass:?c iu-;e; ij? and Connecticut, suggestive ot the mighty jplluence he was to exert, .iu moulding tiie future of the West and of the nation. He left Ills home in tiie latter part of June, preaclmd iu two 'towns (Lynn, .Mass-causeUs, ami Middietown, Connecticut), where i.e tamed for Sunday rest, and . arrived in New York, where.the Conlinentai Congress was then in session, on July 5, "by the road." he chronic!'!*, "that outers the * r , . , , ?5o\very." no put up ins norse ";:i the sign of the 'Plow and the Harrow' iu the Bowery barns." The work which tills man was to perform in Congress was twofold. lie sought to purchase a large tract of pubiic land at the' most advantageous terms possible, and to procure " si.eh legislation for the territory as would oe satisfactory to those intending immigration to it. The purchase would have been almost entirely valueless, in the minds of a majority of the. Ohio Company associates, it they could not have it clothed witii the laws to which they were accustomed. They were almost to a man fully in accord with the spirit which seven years before had prohibited slavery in Massachusetts. Thus it came about that the prospective purchase was used as a powerful lever to cfiect the formation and passage of the ordinance of 1787, or as it is commonly called, the Ordinance of Freedom. The details of the plan by which l)r. Culler accomplished his dual object would lill a volume. In brief, he used every argument, every element of personal persuasion, every art of diplomacy, which could have an effect in his favor. He pictured the needs of the brave lujii who sought to make lue purchase ami the debt of gratitude the nation owed them. He urged as an important consideration the revenue wliicii would accrue to tlio government from the sale, aud from others which would probably quickly follow. There was at this time a strong feeling of disaffection in Kentucky, and immediate danger that tnat territory would embrace the first opportunity tcJ-join her fortunes with Spain. The planting beyond the Ohio of a strong colony of men whose patriotism was unquestioned, Dr. Cutler argued, would be a measure well calculated to bind the West to the East and promote union. Virginia and the South generally were intensely patriotic, and it is probable that this consid oration was of great importance in the opinion of their delegates in congress, and led them not only to favor comparatively easy terms of sale to the Oiiio Company, but to permit the enactment of such an ordinance as that body of men desired. Up to this time every ordinance for the government of the Northwest Territory containing an antislavery clause had been voted down, and even the inoperative ordinance of 1784. of which Thomas Jefi'cr son was the author, had before its passago been shorn of its article prohibiting slavery after the year 18U0. The ordinance before congress when Dr. Cutler arrived in New York contained no restriction of slavery whatever. Still, it had come down to the 9th of July, and passed its sccond reading. Upon that day was appointed a new committee, which was prepared to au t'iorizo to prepare and submit a plan of government for the Federal territory, and four days later, upon the 13th of July, the result of their labors, the Ordinance of Freedom, passed. The committee had sent a draft of the ordinance to Dr. Cutler, "with leave to make remarks and propose amendments, and lie found afterward that the amendments suggested by him were all made, except one"(relation to taxation), which was better qualified. There is evidence extant, indisputable, that the measures introduced by his agency, and the passage of which was secured through his sagacity, were those forever proscribing slavery and arir.cr vnlio-ion. morality, and "~f> o * w education.?Alfred Matthews, in Ilarpcrs Magazine for September. -o- m? North Carolina is receiving: the benefit of a steady Jlow of immigration, the average number of immigrants per month b'ing ahout 159. The State Commissioner of Immigration says that they come mainly from Pennsylvania, but all the Middle and New England Slates are rep rose :i ted. Most ot the newcomers are farmers or mechanics, i'he majority go to the western part of liic state. Charleston, Swain county, is the objective point of many. Dr. Clark Whiuier, brother of the poet, John G. Whittier, has bought 50,000 acres of land there, being about onethird of Swain county. lie j>roposes to divide it into I.00J farms of sixty acres each, and on theso to settle 1,000 families. From data of his own the editor ot the .Montgomery (X. Y.) ^taud ird has satisfied liimsu.f that tuc Horseshoe Falls have worn away more than fifty feet during the past thirteen years. HHGRHHHnnMBM IVoplr*. Mis.1? Cleveland's book will net he: $50,000. Vanderbilt's nnnu.nl income, if paid in gold, would woigh ten tonsGeorge W. C:iilds acts as usher ever} Sunday in a Huh: Lon<r Branch church. President' P.iik's widow believes that ''she stili iives in hiir husband's memory." Sam Jones calls his coarse and ungrammatical style "the ni?jh cut in the English language." j;r. iu. ivurgs. oi naruoru, v^oun., claims to have uuearthed the lirst specimens of :i new potato bug. Sir Moses Monteliore is caiieil by one of his eulogists the most illustrious Jew since David arui Solatnon. Chief Justice Waile is in Scotland trying to recover his health by eating oatmeal in ail its native wiidness. Frank It. Stockton, tiie story-teller, "has soft brown eyes in which his gentle humor shines as lie speaks." Dr. Prime's estate is Estimated at $300,000, most of which he is said to have made out of editing the Observer. James Itussell Lowell will resume * his literary labors in America by writing a biography of Nathaniel Haw 1110111C. Walt Wliitm.iii is the chief curiosity in the town of C niilen and every street car driver iovos to talk to strangers about him. George It Sim-,who wrote "The Cry of th L >ndon Poor." is about to publish what seeing a sequel to it, "Rogues and Vagabonds." Speaker A!drich, of the Now Ha nip- , shire House of Representatives, is so like president Cleveland that he is , sometimes addressed as Air. President. Jisdire William T. Crow, of Carnes- i viile, Ga., has all his six children and . foriy-seven grandchildren living within ! a mile of the old homestead. i Lord Tennyson's poem on the mar riage 9f the Princess Beatrice is re- ! ferrod to .is an cpitlialamium by one 1 writer. When poetry gets awful b:ul ' it is hard to find a name for it. Dr. Tiffany says Grant told him that 1 all music seemed to affect him as dis- | cord would the sensitive, skilled and ! cultured car. He would go a mile out o? his way rather than listen to a band, .-j Pope Leo's encouragement of histori- i cal studies has becu such a marked feature of his policy that the papal medal j commemorative of the eigiit years of 5 his pontificate, just struck, bears a figure representing History. Moriz Jokai is a Hungarian novelist, j not a newspaper funny man, as the j name mi<rht indicate. He has hit udou ] a good plan for disposing of the auto- i graph bore. He announces that he "is ] willing to send a page of his manu- i script, with li s signature, to any per- ] son who will send two llorins to a c?t- i taiu chaiMab.e institution of which he i is a member. <, Karl Blind claims tiiat Victor Hugo 4 was of Gorman origin, and Frenchman 3 only by the accident of circumstances. 1 He states that tho groat poet's lirst ^ name, Victor, is really only a Franco- f Latin substitute for the true name of 1 Hugo's father, Sigisbett, which means ? "brilliant with victory." He says that < there is ample documentary evidence ^ to prove that Victor Hugo's ancestors * were German artisans. Miss Catherine Wolfe, the philan- ^ thropist and religious archaeologist, is , not a "Garden oi E len crank" the Rev. Dr. William Hayes Ward explains, and c it was not with ilie object of verifying ? the Garden of Eden story she sent him . to Asia; although he adds: "I have thought it worth while to mention that ? o - > L it was in the ciiy ol Sippara, the site of which was discovered by the Wolfo expedition, that the Chahiean historian, Berosus, says that tho records of the antediluvian world were buried, by tho j command of the gods, that they might t be dug up after the llood," a ?Compiled by the Detroit Free Press, t The Hair of Ann Arbor Students. c The pompadour hair-cut worn by | Ann Arbor students is self explanatory, j. and the only thing of its kind known t to fame. It is severely classical, Julius j Caesar having been taken down with it r the night lie rolled up his trousers legs j and waded across the Hellespont The v barber wbo pcrlorms me aeiicate oper- s ation was pulled green and ripened to j. order. He has got the business down r Hue and can taltc iiis customers to death v iu all the ancient and modern lan- ~ giuages. He always makes change in f English, however. The student pom- a padour is low-nocked and short-sleeved e on the sides, and is cut en train over j. the skylight or the intellect. This t builds the head up in the swamp lands f which nature often gives over t'q hard- s ness of heart and imparts a collegiate r turn of mind to the architectural plan a of the whole stage business. A young man often enters the university with a j head constructed on the cottage plan, c with all the bedrooms downstairs, and ^ leaves it, after a few years of intimacy j. with the pompadour barber, to all ap- ^ pearances a tnorouglity rerormed man. r Nature has a way of getting tired 0 sometimes, and lying down beside her ^ work and going to sleep before the ? supper-bell rings. This gives the Ann Arbor barber a chance to demonstrate s wherein he knows more about his bus- t iness than the original architect- By 0 pruning from the side of the head and s puttiug on a hip roof where nature had ^ let it go at composition, he generally manages to impart an air of intcllcctu- ? ality mat is warranted to hatch chickens from door-kuubs. Jf the patient c has been playing with the university E for several years, the intellect is allow- ^ ed to project over the brow, to indicate a that seats iusido are so.ling at a pre- ^ mium. This is the only true reason why Ann Arbor students are longer* headed than tho rest of mankind.?De trou Journal. n ? ) Like Gen. Grunt, the first Napoleon l' died of cancer. In his case the cancer -5 was in the stomach instead of in tho ^ throat. It caused him much severer ,, I^ain than Grant suffered. Toward the , last he cou-d not digest his food. He was tormented by a constant thirst. ir His pulse beat with a feverish quick- 0 ness. He improved, grew worse, and 11 had all the hope, depression and dc- ? spair that marked Grant's illness. Unlike tho American soldier, he did not retain mental faculties to the last. 1 The i .umstances were different. ^ Napoleon was a vanquished man, a prisoner doserted by his wife, and surr rounded only by the members of his v1 military family. His last words re- P fcrred to his so*n and the army. Grant j not only suffered less, but his last j hours were brightened by a thousand ~ loving words and tributes from wife rti,;i/iron old armv comrades, his former foes, and the most distinguished I cj men of th? wortf. o; William the Conqueror and theEng* v - li3h Forests. William the Conqueror, like King Canute, "took muck .Deligkt in Hunting,; and/' according to.eighteenth century^ historians, "had sfieh a-Fury for gratifying that Passion that he reserved all punting and?porting in iris Forests to himself," or to such as he thought progor to indulge." These chroniclers then proceed to give a terrible picture of the King depopulating large tracts of Hampshire in order to form a New Forest, although he already had several in" the country?"turning out all the Inhabitants, destroying the Houses, Gardens, and even Churches, which stood in that tract of land in order to make it a desert." This view of William's conduct with regard to the New Forest has fallen before modern examination of the district. Tho Kcltic and West Saxon barrows are still to bo seea^ the sites of tho dwelling of the Romans are clearly visible. The potter's'-worK, loft carelessly upon the ground by the Roman potters, is found undig'turbed and unbroken but a few inches below the surfacc. What can accofmt for the total disappearance of every trace of these houses and churches which William destroyed?some 50 churches, as it is stated in certain chronicles, and, of necessity, a number of villages to house tbe people who worshiped there. The only two churches entered in "Domesday," those at Brockenhurst and Hilford, still stand: and immediately after the afforestation two new one3 were built in the very heart of the wild forest, one at Boldre and one at Hordle. Most of the "castles"in the forests were merely earthen intrenchments made by the Kelts and West Saxons: and though a few forest names end in ton, which indicate the existence of some scattered homesteads, many more end with hurst, which means "woOd." Then there are such names as Roydon, the rough ground; Bramshaw, the bramblewood; Uenny, the furzy ground; Stockleigh, the woody place; and Staneswood, Arnewooa, ana Testwood. Modern authorities consider that William did not commit the folly of turning a highly cultivated district into a desert, where the deer would have found no 3helter for many years; but that he simply converted a wild woodland into a royal forest Ytcne, the "furzy country," became the New Forest A great part of this district which he afforested tic already held in demesne. It all now became subject to forest laws. There were inhabitants, even manors, within the forest: these had to submit to its rule, and were also granted its privi.eges. In the Charta dc Foresta of Canute mention is made of horses, cows, md wild goats, which were protected .n the forest, and also of certain privieges of the people. So, under Will am, there were homesteads to which rights were attached of pasturing cat:le, feeding swine, and cutting of timber and turf. Severe laws existed in respect to hunting the deer, as they did u the days of Canute. But it is very ioubtful whether William did uot rath;r beaefit rhe district in making it a rcyai forest than otherwise. He was lated because he wished to make of the English a race of slaves; and in the for;st it was well understood to be a much ighter offense to kill a man than a leer. And so the story grew of his ;ruelty and tyranny. Iu this forest rVilliam the Red was killed, and his jrother and nephew; the records of heir strange and sudden deaths arc erv unsatisfactory, and tradition has ittributcd them to the vengeance of ieaven, visiting William the Conqueror's cruelty upon his descendants. It eems most probable that Kufus was he victim of a conspiracy, and that us Droiuer s anu ucpncw sueauis were nerelv accidents in name.?The Engish illn.slru.Ud Magazine. Hoiv Flying Fish Fly. An excellent opportunity of observing the aerial means of propulsion in he flying lish was afforded me during , six days' calm lately when crossinghe Bay of Bengal. I watched day by lay some hundreds rise under the bows if the ship. -The water surface was a ;lassy calm. AS each lish rose it pread its wings at ouce, apparently eating the surface with tiiern two or hree strokes before they steadied out. say apparently, for it was not a delicto beat so much as a struggle to rise, rhe tail which, of course under water yas in rapid motion to escape from the hin. now o-ave ten or a dozou rapid ?sr * ~ - o - ' ~ .. leats, which could be couutcd by the ipplcs on the still surface, and the fish vas off in aerial lliglit. As each fish lost the impetus of the irstrise, which generally happened at .bout forty yards, the binoculars showd us the anal fins, which had till now leen fully extended, drooping to feel lie water. As soon as the surface was elt the tail was introduced and five or ix smart sLrokcs, also indicated by ipples, brought the impetus up again ad carried the fish about another hirty yards, wh-n another drop sent t on again, and so forth, sr.roe of the Mcr fish traveling in this nay 400 to 00 yards. The younger lish i'requeutjr fell awkwardly in this attempt to egain impetus. When waves arc uuning it 'requires a clever fish to ;ain impetus by a few judicious strokes >a the crest of a wave, and mauy a ish tumbles over in the attempt I once saw a fish r\~c close to the hip's quarter, and it ilew parallel with he ship, pursued below by a dolphin r bonita. Th9 latter followed every way of the fish, keeping almost unier it. At the first dip of the tail the arsuer made a dart forward, but lissed it, and again dogged its prey y keeping just under it." On the . secnd dip the tail went into the pursuer's louth, and there was an end of the yer. It always struck me that it ;emed a strain on the fish to keep the ings extended.?Cor. Mature. : ?~ Col. Henry W. Cleveland, well known s a journalist in Georgia and as the. iographcr of Alexander H. Stephens, lid one day: "The death of Louis ISaoleon perhaps changed, the whole 3Ui*oO of my life." "in what way?" Wall T woe ir, T^*r>Hr?;i clmrtlv nftr>p le cx-Emperor arrived at Chisclhurst -om bis German prison. I was known 1 London as a veteran Confederate fficcr and a proposition was made to ccompany Louis Napoleon, with a icked force, in a secret and sudden esceut upon France." "Another rclrn-frpm-Elba affair?" '-Something . ke it. 1 agreed, and the arrange- ] lents were progressing when the illus- ! ions exile became too ill to carry out is project. Perhaps it was just as ell for me, but 1 have always wonered what the result would have ' een. If successful, it is possible that j Iiito hppn decorated with the i egion of Honor cross anil made a . eneral or a Marshal of France." Sarah Bernhardt is said to have | banged much of late, and to look all j f her 4o years of age. PIC'iT UK-BUYING. How Artist-* Sticco?:(I in Patting People Out of the Humor. Let me tell you," said rt salesman in the picture business the other day, "that artists as a class arc the most trying and short-sighted people in the world. For instance, they will actually try to spoil each other's sales. They can not be made to sec that whatever hcips one helps ike market" "How can they spoil each other's sales?" "In many ways. ' I'll give yon an instance, and will take a case that happened a good many years ago, so that no one's feelings shall be hurt I had for a customer a wealthy gentleman, and had just about persuaded him to buy a realh' good landscape by a leading artist; price, $700. In fact the gentleman had virtually bought the picture. lie was just beginning to speak about making a paymeut whoj an artist, a mutual acquaintance, strolled into the room. Now the gentleman wanted confirmation .of his judgment, as people often do, and so UJjpCUlCU. l\J LUU UtiriOC JUg 1U, ilUU asked liis opinion of tlie purchase. The artist felt a twinge of jealousy. He balanced himself first on his heels and then on his toes, made opera-glasses out of his hands, and squinted, at the picture from every possible point of view. Finally he spoke. 'It is a line picture. It is well conceived, drawing lirst rate, admirable color. I like the trees, the sky, the water. In fact, it's an excellent work of art. Still, if you really want my opinion, I'll tell you something. You see that small figure in the distance?the ligurc of a man lislnng? Well, if you will take the trouble to lind the scale of measurement, you will discover that the man's fishing-pole is certainly over fifteen feet long!' "When I he:?rd that 1 knew in a minute that my bargain was oft". . The gentleman buying the picture did not rely enough, upon his own judgment, and besides 1 had had experience. The artist-cii.icising the picture appeared to be fair and square. He had really given the work its due praise, to begin with. But he had got his deadly work in after all. That splendid work of art was spoijed for that purchaser by a little brush stroke intended to repre sent a Usinng-poie. xnc genueman never looked at it again that it did not seem to iiiru to be all lishing-pole, and lie finally told me liie 'fishing-pole had made the picture odious to him, and he would not buy it." "And you say that artists often do that sort of <iiiug?" "Yes, they've spoiled a good many sales for each other, in my experience. But, mind you, I don't say that they have any malicious intention or always realize what they arc doing. It is tho easiest thing in the world to discover some little, trifling, good for nothing defect that will turn a person against a picture." . "But suppose a purchaser is put oat of conceit with Smith's picture, doesn't that make him all the more.likely to turn around and try one of B.own's?" "No, it docs not. And;that is why I say artists arc short-sighted. In my experience, if a man buys a picture and is lifivmv und salislitid over his purchase lie is more than likely to turn around and buy more pictures. The appetite grows ou him. But if be is checked and made to feel dissatisfied with his own'taste- and his own judgment just :is he is about to buy a picture he is thrown back on himself, grows disgusted, and turns his back ou the whole business." "How do you think the taste for picture-buying may be promoted?" "There's no telling anything :ibout it. Picture-buying here in San Francisco comes on at irregular intervals like an epidemic. Sometimes I think it comes in waves, i:ke hot weather, or like anything eisc wc don't understand. "Is it not possible the trade should ever become equalise d, r.Ji i :i steady, regular demand for pi suivs bo established?" " "Well, if you ask nu> Uj::t question, I shall have to tel! yon th .t here a'iain the artists are at fault. Id dull times the artists go along siowly and carefully. They growl a good deal, but do pretty good work. Let the; market improve cwr so little and they get perfectly wild and turn out pictures by ihe dozen. They reason tir.it if they can sell a possible three out o- four pictures why not fifteen out of twenty? The consequence istijoy kill the goose that lays the golden c<rg. They glut the market with poor pictures, exhaust purchasers at the earliest possible moment, and flatten out a boom which began favorably and might have been coaxed to last a long time." "When do you think the artists will learn to manage their business jilTiirs with discretion?" ' ; "Not before themillcunium."?Sa-i, Francisco Chronicle. Greet ISriirariils. A pamphlet written by a Greek, a cavalry lieutenant, gives some very ourlous accounts of the system of brigandage as it is now carried on in the Giceeu-Turkish boundaries. The brigrand's code of laws, as at present existing, is a strange mixture of barb'ari- ! ty and chivalry. It contains several: clauses, some of which run as follows: "All traitors to bo killed and exposed. The rich to be captured, and not allowed to depart till they have paid ransom and sworn not to injure tiie brigands by a relation of their adv.?itures to the authorities. All soldiers to be killed. The bearers of the ransom to be respected and small money to be given them on their departure. Ail robbers plot-, ., ting with government to be killed. Should a captive csc.ipe, his keopcr is : to be he'd responsible and expelled ; from the band. Never to steal lite goats and sheep from the shepherd but : t 11 t..l '!?_ ...? I : l'y> \y*xy 1UL JUl CilKUll. 1U UUUl III any monastery or hcrmilage. by way ; of expiation for sin." It is the shepherds who support the brigands, and . by whose rneaus they arc so well hid from the authorities. They supply ' them With bread, meat, and wino.sorvc ' them as guides in timos of danger, and it is their children that arc educated to be brigands and who rcinforce their ranks. Immeuseprecautions arc taken by the robbers against surprises. They always travel by night, proceeding in file through the open country, never through the narrow passes, for fear of ambushes. The smallest object,; the faintest sound startles them, and down they drop xlat on their stomachs till their confidence is renewed- Before starting on any of those journeys, they always appoint a rendezvous in case of separation. Their scouts 20 on in front, driving horses or oxen, and habited as drovers. Under their shelter' follows the main body, peeping eantionsly beneath the cattlc to see if r.n enemy is ipproaching, and behind comc the van- ?uard, who, if anything is .uuiiS-JEhic ties like a night bird, and AkT band disDerses. SHOES -AND- . We invite the atteution of' .? * i . v n. i. tne public to our l^arge siocs of HEISEE'S 0 and other makes of Gents' Hand and Machine Sewed SHOES. Every pair guar anteed, and at prices to suit the times. Our Stock of Ladies', Misses', Boys' and Children's Shoes is large and complete. We have also received by express the first shipment of XT T~rr Q II m X O, 0 ' Something nice for young men. 33^? We mean business, and will sell goods as low as can be bought anywhere. McMASTER, BKICE & KETCHIN. TAX NOTICE. Office Couktt Treasurer, i Fairfield County, S. C., Sept. 17,1885. $ 1 THE BOOKS OF THIS OFFICE WILL be opened to receive the unpaid taxes of 1S84 on the first day of October next and remain open Until the 1st December, 1883. The rate per centum is as follows: School Districts Nbs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10,11, 12,13,16 and 17?for State, 5% mills; for County, 3 mills; Constitutional School Tax, 2 mills; total, 10% mills. School Districts Nos. 14 and 15?State 5% mills; County, 3 mills; Special School 1% mills; Constitutional School Tax, 2 mills; total, 12 mills. A poll tax of One Dollar is required of all male persons between the ages of 21 and GO years, except those exempt by law. A penalty of 5 per cent is added to the* unpaid first instalment, and a penalty of 15 per cent, will be added to all taxes which remain unnaid on the first day of December next. The Treasurer is authorized to receive in payment of the above taxas gold and silver coin, United States currency, National Banknotes, and coupons which shall become payable during the year 1885 on the valid bonds of this State, known as the "Brown Bonds", and on the bonds of this State, known as the "Deficiency Bonds". Jury certificates and the per diem of State witnesses in the Circuit Courts, will be received for County taxes, not including school taxes. I will visit the following places on the days specified: D. G. Ruff's Store, October 1. . Ridgeway, October 5 and G. Centrevil!e (W. B. Hogan's), October 7. Blythewood, October 8. Euckhead. October 12. Feasterville, October 13 and 14. Gladden's Grove, October 19 and 20. Jenkinsville, October 22. Monticello, October 23. Woodward, October 26. JAS. Q. DAVIS, Sep22tx2w County Treasurer. ' * A . ' . * ' INSURANCE ! Have your Policies written at j. f. 1 McMASTER'S life and fire insurance agency. I am agent for the mutual life insurance company, of New York?the largest Life Insurance Company in the World. Policies issued, payable monthly, quarterly, semiannually and annually. I also write FIBE INSURANCE POLICIES in first class companies. All losses paid at once on presentation of proof. GIVE ME A TRIAL. : J. F. McMASTER. Julv7fx6m JUST RECEIVED. Kinney Bros' Cigarettes. The Full Dre&.'. . The Slraight-Cat. ' The Sweet Caporal. The "Half" CaporaJ. M" F. W. HABENIi'HrS. ^rrtrr^TyTPT^^JC b?'<3cad o?x ?* *?* 1 r. xKjTyeu&u>inewspaper 9wTw9,sW ?W tKJ ?ado Xer It JJOi'BWYgaKf I / 1876. 1885. i\w a t -nr* nT % ?UJiAJUnU Ju>? ..XII FOREIGN and DOMESTIC WINES,: -> LIQUORS, CIGARS, CIGARETTES, TOBACCO, feci, 7 HAS IN STOCK AND OFFERS TO SELL LO W FOR CASH ONLY, THE FOLLOWING SUPERIOR ARTICLES, TO WIT: 'v ' "!', ' . ;; . . . . ; - ;V\i Genuine Imported Dupur, Otard & ^ I . Co. Brandy. . Genuine Kentucky Whiskey, The Kentucky Belle. Genuine Imperial Cabinet Whiskey. Genuine Golden Grain Whiskey. ' ; Genuine Silver Brook Whiskey. . GennineOnr Option Whisker. Genuine David Jones Whiskey. : i * Genuine North Carolina Sweet Mash C?w" Corn Whiskey. Genuine Domestic Gin. Genuine Ginger Brandy. Genuine Blackberry brandy. Imported Sherry Wine. Imported PJri^Yme. Ffne Old A.pple Brandy. '' CASE GOODS. Mumm's Champagne (Genuine Imported.) Dnpuv, Otard & Co. Brandy (Genoine Imported.) Fine Holland Gin (Genuine Imported.) Old Kentucky Whiskeys. Hostetter's Bitters. Angnstora Mtters. Oceola Indian Bitters. Carolina Tola-Balm. > Natrolitic "Water. ' - -5 ? Seltzer Water. Claret Wines. French Cordials. Bass's Pale Ale. Tennaut's Staut Porter. Vienna Export Beer. Lager Beer, in bottles. Soda Water. . 7 . /r* ! _ 11. umger .aie? Sarsaparilla. Boss's Royal Ginger Ale. . ON DRAUGHT'(COOL.) ! -> Tivoli Brewing Co.'a Lager Beer. Mctt's Sweet Cider. Hott's Crab Apple Cider. THE ICE HOUSE Will open again for the season of 2885, and I will l>c pleased to serve the pnb nc ana my lorraer custom ai reasonable prices and with dispatch. THE ONLY POOL and BILLIARD PARLOR IN TOWN-ON WHICH friends cay enjoy themselves at small and living rates. Very respectfully, * F. W. HABEKICHT, Ap231y ' STOVES, STOVES, ? Tf iUJUV- J ' m ?i?i o jju v aia. ' ' ' * ' I keep the well Known EXCELSIOR COOKS in several sizes, Yiz: Nos. 7,17, 27, 37, 8,18, 28, 38, etc, with and without Reservoirs. Also, Emerald, Virginia, Patron, Farmer Girl and the COTTON OPTION, No. 7, which I run with full equipment at $16. REPAIRS for Stoves in stock or obtained at short notice. . _ v. PIPE made to order. Black and Gal vanized Sheet Iron, Roofing and Bright Tin, Wire, Solder, etc. HOUSE FURNISHING GOODSof every description. Wooden-ware, Willow-ware, Tin-ware. Yellow and Rockingham Ware. SPOKES, RIMS, HUBS. SHAFTS and Poles. ; f . _> The best and handsomest Wire Fence is the BUCK-HORN.,," The LEADER PLOWS ^:ve good satisfaction. Sizes, one-horse, Nos. 20,21,22, 54.50, $5.00 and $5.50 ' 1 J. H. CUSQQNGS. SOFI.OWEE SMOKINGTOBACCO .?bxcconow to be had wi'E. AIKEN.