The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, September 09, 1885, Image 1
- .,.n
VOL. XLII. WINNSBORO, 8. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1885. NO. 6.
^?
At the Station.
Lamp at.*- *smp how the lights go by trooping.
Stretchh * in-hind the trees, dreamily yon(1c;
Throujrl branches ad rip with the shower
1 he ii*i> ?iuuis aucl gleams on tlic puddles.
Piuint'-.w. shrilly, piercingly whistles
'J he e)????.c hard by. Coid and gray are tho
heavens
Up above, the autumn morning
Ghostlike glimmers around me.
ft'lathe- cr.d whence move the people hurrying
?Into tlnrk csiTlau-cs. muffled and silent?
To what sorrows unknown art- they rushing? j
Long- tortures of hopes that will tarry?
r You too ob fair one, are dreamily holding
Your ti<fr?et for the guard's sharp cllp\
pin if?
Ah, so clips Time, ever relentless,
Joys, memories, and years that arc golden.
Far-stroi^-bJnjf the dark train stands, and the
workmen
Black-capped, up and down keep moving like
shadows;
. In his hand bears each one a lantern,
| And each one a hammer of iron.
And the Von they strike sends a hollow resounding
Mcm-nfi>T; and out of the heart an echo
Mournfully answers?a sudden
Dull paag of regret that is weary.
^ Now the hurrying slam of the doors grows insulting
Anil loud, and scornful the rapidly sounding
Summons to start and delay not?
The rain dasbes hard on the windows.
Pulling, shuddering, panting, the monster
Now feeis !i2e stlriu its limbs of iron,
And opens its eyes, and startles
The dim far space with a challenge.
L Tlx u on moves the evil thing, horribly trailing
7i? heating it* \vino-s_ bears from I
?!ie
-My K)ve?and her face ami her farewell
Are lost to me now in the darkness.
0 sweet facc Gushed with the palest of rosesi
V starlike eyes so pcacclu!: 0 forehead
Pure, shining:, and gvntle. with tresses
L Curling so softly around it!
r The air with a passionate life was a-tremble.
And summer was glad when she smiled to
greet me;
^ The young- sun of June bent earthward
f> And kissed her soft cheek in rapture.
Full 'neath the nut-brown hair be kissed
her?
But though his beauty and splendor might
circtc
Her gentle prtsmce?far brighter
1 he glory my vhoughts set arOUnd her.
There in the rain, in the dreary darkness
I turn me, and with them would mingle my
being;
I stagger; then touch myself grimly?
Not yet as n ghost am I moving.
A \rhnt n -f?Hlnrr r\f Iporoc -no-rr
Icy. ami silent, and sad on ray spirit!
I feel that forever around me
The earth has grown aii one November.
Better to bo without srn-e of existence?
Better this gloom and this shadow of darkness.
Would I, ah! would I were sleeping
A dull sleep that iasted forever.
?Macmillan's Magazine.
^ A PAIR OF LOVERS.
Sweet little Nettie Fay bad two lovevs.
A very delightful condition of
affairs, but a state of tilings which
made Nettie a great deal of trouble;
and as for the men, they rendered each
other, as well as the girl of their hearts,
very raiserable.
So it wasn't so very nice after all.
It had been years since Nettie had
^ been assigned by their friends to War
ren i^ormer, nnu sue expecteu 10 mar*
ry him, for Nettie was of a gentle,
yielding nature; but Lor step-father's
son, whom she had never seen, Arthur
Stevening, came to quiet Bevingdean,
. and fell so straightway and unmistakably
in love with Nettie, as to alter
greatly the situation, for Nettie did
L give him encouragement
One day a party of young people
had gone up to the cliff which overlooked
the harbor, to sec the great
man of war the ^ultaa, come in, and
Nettie had takeh Arthur's arm, and
laughingly climbed the hill with the
best of them, though such a little
thing.
And being a bright, magi Oil sight?
the white-capped, eri?p,dancing waves,
the long, gleaming decks; the small,
active thronging ligures of the seamen;
1 ?that Ktid tiie splendid air was worth
m climbing ihe aseeut for. they all
agreed.
And then this impromptu basketparty
spread their lunch upon a rock
among the crisp green moss, and discussed
cold chicken and Italian cream,
up among the clouds as securely as if
> sunshine and safety lasted forever.
Arthur Stevening had gone half-way
r ' down the cliff with his gun, and was
banging away at the flying birds, when
a sudden gust of cold air, and the
darkening of the sun, reminded him
mat no nau ioretoia a storm at suurise.
He was not used to the locality, and
^ was all unprepared for the suddenness
P with which the weather changed.
A mist spread over the landscape,
k the air grew humid, ti:ere was a disr"
tant growl of thunder, and the next
' moment a close flash of lightning.
It was followed by more vivid ones.
Shouldering his gun, he turned to
retrace his steps. He had aScended a
^ few yards when he heard the distant
? voices of the descending party. Some
thing in their tones?a cry of alarm or
entreaty?made him hasten his foot
steps, when, suaoeniv rouna me curve
of a rock came the fiying figure of a
g^
It was Nettie, who, bora with a terror
of lightning, was running at full
* speed down the mountain, her hat
hanging by its blue ribbons-down hSr
back} her sweet eyes wide with fright,
her gold hair blown over her face, a
wild-rose color in the dimpled cheeks,
stung by tho sharp, salt air.
b Arthur sprang forward and caught
|L her in his arms, and retreated with ner
under the shelter of an overhanging
rock.
The drenched and frightened party
rushed by him like a meteor, and he
made no attempt to delay them. He
could hardly trust his head to keep his
fACTC* iAl fcllW UiiUViiU- WqUV,
Yet, through it all. he could feel
Nettie's heart beating faintly against
his breast
"Poor little darling!" he murmured,
seeing that she was quite senseless.
She remained so until the storm be?
gan to abate.
V She caught her breath, at last; and
uttered a choking little cry.
"Nettie, wake up! The storm is almost
over. Nettie, don't you know
where you are?" shakiDgher a little.
She opened her eyes, and then slipped
to her feet, shaking and clinging
- to him. Her broken and incoherent
exclamation gave him some insight-in,
.O . . ?
wKw?h oil hor nfhor
ItVS \tUfJ J^V'UUMV^1 WMVk
friends^woroaware of?her terror of
lightning-^and the loveliness of her
white clieeksand-the sweetness of the
tearful eves, xcade the task- of-reassur.
ing her not distastefuL._Jncfeed, before
he knew it, he -had -kissed the
pretty-lips,, and brought the burning
blushes to the young-face.
"Nettie, dear little Nettie. I couldn't
help it. You see I love you. so. Tell
me that-you don't eare for that other
fellow!"
tk At that momeftt-there was a< hurried
^ " /M*' 4r?l 1 nef AAf? kfi_
buzjj auu mail utucj. ?;ivn oiwuvt KW
fore them.
To say that Mr. Warren Dormer war
t
astonished, is but feebly to state the "
case. He stood looking at his sweetheart
iu the arms of another man in
simply round-eyed wonder.
He had been absent from Bevingdean
for the last three weeks, and though
So had been introduced to Arthur
htevening before his departure, he had
never dreamed of him as a rival?or of
anybody else lor that matter. Tor two
years he had considered Nettie securely
his.
He had a nice farm and handsome
country house to saake Nettie mistress
of, and?there could be no doubt of
that?he honestly loved her.
"I?I came for vou, Nettie," he said,
in a rather smothered voice. "They
said you were up the cliff, and the
storm "
The poor fellow's voice faltered and
broke.
Nettie had hastily disengaged herself,
breathless and frightened.
"When?when did you ccme home,
Warren?" she asked, instinctively trying
to avoid a scene.
But she was not quite succcssfuh
since Arthur Stevenin<j still kept pos
session of her hand, and though evidently
a little startled, looked from
her to Warren Dormer unflinchingly.
The painful silence that followed was
broken by his voice.
"It may as well come out now as any i
time. You and I can hardly pretend
to be friends since wo are rivals, Mr.
Dormer."
"No," returned tho other, in the
same smothered voice, moving uneasily,
and not looking at Nettie, who, not
having the least idea what she ought
to do under such circumstances, began
to crv.
"l*ou understand that I love Mis3
Fay, the same as you do, I suppose,
and she must choose between us now,1'
went on Arthur.
"I?oh, I?I cannot now!" sobbed
/v fliAn if TTOfl
XlCbllC, i;ULUC3diil? iiiUiU IUUU 1 w nao
pleasant for one of her hearers to hear,
since her words implied that a choice
was not only possible, hut imminent
"The storm is over now, and I must go
home."
And gathering her skirts from her
little feet, she literally ran away.
The only thing they could learn of
Nettie for the next few days was that
she had caught cold from her drenching
in the storm, and could not leave
the house.
The next was that Nettie whisked
herself out of sight of her two admirers
to spend a fortnight with her aunt
isaruara, in tne next town.
Arthur did not know what interview
she might have had with Warren Dormer.
but he was really not much afraid
of "that other fellow"?not so much as
he would have been had he known
Warren Dormer.
Another week passed. At the end
of that time, Nettia Fay was in receipt
of two letters?one from Arthur, one
from Warren Dormer. With sorrow
and misgiving she pondered over these
jetters; due .wetue was sincerity lisen,
and at length wrote to both, explaining
exactly the state of her feelings.
The task was a hard one, and her
hand shook so as she folded the sheets,
that she let the portfolio upon wh'eh
they lay fall to the floor. She picked
them up harriedlv, placed them as
quickly as- possible in envelopes, superscribed,
and sent them to the post.
When she reached home a fortnight
later there was a lawn party, and her
mother hurried her to her -room; and
Nettie came down from her chamber.
ai last, in a loveiy suk costume. JLno
girl had lost flesh and color, but had
never looked sweeter.
And there was Arthur Stevcning.
He was going to and fro with campchairs
and cups of tea for the ladies.
He would come to her side soou; but
he passed, at last, with only a pale,'
constrained look, and barely a civil
word. The next moment, Warren
Dormer took the chair at her side.
"I thought you would come home
to-day, Nettie."
One glance at his cheerful facc bewildered
her. Warren bent towards
her, and affecting to look at her bracelet.
whisnered:
"I received your letter."
Nellie bent her head silently in response.
' :J- - ** - "
The silvery chat and the xnusic
around her seemed to make her head
reel.
How strange she felt! The glanco
from Arthur chilled her heart
Her eyes dwelt in bewilderment on
Warren's Hushed face. He looked act-..,.
ually happy. ^.
Warren," called Mrs. Fay, "wMj Z
you go to the house and ask Lily :for
my shawl?" l
When Warren Dormer had gone'"'
away, Nettie rose and, walking down
the lawn, stood looking in a rather forlorn
way at the tennis-players?really
not seeing them at all. Suddenly there
was a voice at her side.
"I think, Nettie, you might have
( noTar? mn fho r>iir> r\f Irnnwin <r thot T
was an object of pain and dread'to
you, or very much the same thing:." *
As Nettie lifted her blue eyes in
pained surprise, Arthur Stevening ?vas
gazing very gravely down upon her.
She could not imagine he could Ivok
so stern. The color quite died out of
^her cheek.
She <pve a broken murmur?what
she.said.she did not know.
"Forgotten what you said!" ho ex- *
claimed, as if repeating her words. "I
cannot forget so easily. And, then, I
have them in black and white, you
know," with a painful smile, as he
passed on in response to a merry call
?for Arthur was a favorite with the
ladies.
Nettie could have thrown herself
down on the grass, like a child, and
cried in sorrow and despair.
Was this captious treatment all the
reward she was to get for confessing
the truth so bravely?
Her father's displeasure, her mother's
disappointment. Aunt Barbara
scolding, she had prepared herself to
receive; but this was too much; tho
hot tears welled to her eyes.
There were other gentlemen in the*
party, who thought Nettie pretty and
attractive; but she listened to everybody
in an absent-minded wsv. and at I
last the festive afternoon was over.
"May I come up at eight this evening,
Nettie?" asked Warren Dormer at
parting. He looked at her in a cheerful,
confident way, which bewildered
her.
"He hopes to make mo change my
mind," she thought
"Certainly," she said with visible reluctance.
She was not quite sure, as she glanced
at Arthur's grave, averted face at
the supper-table, that she would not
take "W arren after all, out of pure forlornness?it
was so disheartening to
miss the radient smile, the tenderness
she had unconsciously anticipated.
\ But -when her old lover's straw-colored
beard brushed her cheek, she shivered.
"Please don't Warren?I told you!"
she exclaimed.
"Yes?that you loved me best."
b that r lpve him bestr' criecT
Nettie, hysterically. "I can't help it?
I do!" " 6
Poor Warren's ejes looked more like
blue porcelain than ever as he stared
at her.
"You told mo " he be^an. s
"Oh what did I tell you?" cried Nettie
desperately, as she tore the letter
he presented from his hand.
She glanced over the sheet and turned
red. t
*jL?x put tne .tellers 111 wrung v
envelopes," she faltered.
"Then this was intended for Ar- ^
thur?" asked Dormer, stiffening. t
Nellie nodded.
In vain ho called her fickle, a co- t
quette, a flirt. She only cried until he
went away. Then she flung herself, c
face downward, upon the sofa, and the j
excitement and fatigue lulled her into r
drowsiness at last t
She went to sleep, thinking this a
very forlorn world, and woke up to find ?
it a very bright one, for Arthur Steven- t
ing was smiling over her. j"Dear
little Nettie!" he cried. "I v
know all; I ?ot tho wrong letter." ?
"You did! ' she answered.
Need we say how happy they,were, c
how soon they were married, and what t
a long honeymoon their wedded life f
was, all through Nettie having had the =
courage to choose rightly between her t
Pair of Lovers?"
Selected Recipes. . J
Mrs. Allen gives the Prairie Farmer ]
her plan of serving eggs on toast. She j:
says, I often serve eggs on toast, first ^
toasting some slices of dry bread very a
brown. Then dip each slice quickly *r
in and out of boiling water and place \
on a platter, spreading evenly with a
little butter. After the toast is pre- ,
pared I poach the eggs and put one on i
each slice. This is a good way to use ?
1?f
up tkuj uk cau kju. ^
Mrs. Woolson writes as follows about I
graham gems, which are very nice for i
supper. They are made more quickly a
than biscuit I have been trying a c
new recipe lately, and lind it excellent, a
Put into two cupsfnl of graham flour I
one heaping teaspoonful of baking a
powder and a half teaspoonful of salt, e
Into one pint of milk stir ooe table- d
spoonful of melted butter, measured 7
after it is melted; then stir the milk in- f
to the flour. Mix smooth, pour in gem r
pans and bake fifteen minutes in quick i
oven. . s
The Lancaster Farmer has this re- a
cipe for potato soup: Take a quart of c
milk, six large potatoes, one stalk of c
celery; pare potatoes and boil thirty t
minutes, turn off the water and mash 1;
fine and light; add the boiling milk c
and the butter, and pepper and salt to a
taste; rub through a struiuer and $
serve immediately. A cupful of whip- t
ped cream, added when in the tureen, t
is a great improvement This soup ^
must not bo allowed to stand, even if c
kept hot Served as soon as ready it a
is excellent s
Muffins.?One quart of warm milk,
a piece of butter about the size of an ?
egg, four eggs, a teaspoonful of salt, 1
one cup of yeast, flour enough to make v
a stiff batter, beat with a large spoon; 1
put it to rise for an hour; liil the rings ^
half full, bake twenty minutes. x
Waffles.?Four eggs to a quart of f
milk, a quarter pound of butter, a f
little salt, flour to make a batter not 0
very thick; heat and butter the irons
well; lill them and bake them quickly. ^
If for tea, grate on a little nutmeg and ^
sugar; if for breakfast only cutter a
them.
A Simple Soup.?Skim off the fat g
from mutton or chicken, pul it in a c
soup-pot with two or three carrots, c
turnips and onions, a cup of rice, the g
bones and bits of cold meat, pepper, t
salt, and a few potatoes. Boil it four t
hours, then take out the bones, and t
send it to the table. t
Sour Milk Biscuit.?One quart of t
flour, a pint of sour milk, ono tea- t
spoonful of soda, mixed into the milk t
until it froths; stir it into the flour \
cold; mix it quick and bate in a quick t
oven. i
< c
Rapid Growth. \
American humor delights in exaggeration.
The Yankee has such a v
pride in the bigness of his country and v
ia.tho rapidity of its progress, that he
enjoys-astonishing his hearers with 0
tales.-v&ieh gftftmm-. just enough truth F
to make ihe magnified sketch funny.
There^s-alomir or rather a city, in h
General DakotarOfliy four years old. a
Jnst.rfour-. years -ago there seas one 1
house, a miserable shanty; standin g on a
the^pot whero is now & lour-siQry ho- P
tel. : -; * *
There are five large hotels, six 3
churches, sixty saloons, .skating rinks, ^
a system of water works, clectric | J
lights, ---gas, school-houses, banks, P
wholesale business houses of all kinds, h
enterprise, energy, enthusiasm, push, s
selfehness and mon^-making in this
four-year-old fiercules. Yesterday, -1
nothan?}r4o-day,everything. n
To illustrate, by a grotesque exag- s
<reration, the marvelous growth of the c
Northwest, the following sketch is e
amusing. An engineer on the Chicago J
and Milwaukee Road, which has push- a
ed its way into the heart of Southern v
Dakota, is supposed to tell the story. 5
One day, 1 was driving my engine ^
* -? ri
oyer tne prairie at trie rate 01 iony miles
an hour, without a house in r
sight and supposing tho nearest town c
to be thirty miles distant. But as I
glanced ahead, I was astonished to see
that I was approaching a large city. I
rubbed my eyes, thinking it was a mir- 1
age. s
4,4Jim,'says I to the fireman, 'what's 0
this place?' y
" 'Blamed if 1 know!' says Jim, star- u
ing out of the cab. 'I declare if there ^
aint a new town growed up here since ^
we went over tho line yesterday!1 ^
" 'I believe you're right, Jim. Ring Xi
the bell or we shall run ovor some- E
bod v.' v
"So I slowed up and we pulled into s
a big depot, where mor'u five hundred a
people were waitin' to see tho first 0
train come into the place. The con- s
ductor learned the name of the town, ' c
put it down ou the schedule and we ?
went on.
"'Jim, says I, as we pulled out, j
'keep yonr eyes open for new towns. ^
First thing you know, we'll be runnin' c
by some strange place!' c
" 'That's so!' says Jim. 'An' hadn't ^
we better git one of the brakemen to F
watch out on the rear platform of the 11
last car for towns that spring up after 0
the engine gits by?' 3
? - b
"I would like to go on your paper,"
the graduate said, sitting down and ?
looking the editor firmly in the eye. ,
"And so you shall," the journalist re- ?
plied, gladly; "you are the man I have 1
been looking for, lo, these six weeks." ?
And with nervous haste he filled out a J
note for $122. "There," he said, "put ?
your name l ight there, just underline,
and we'll go out to-morrow morning
and flow in the coupons at tho naper- e
mill" - ;
? _ t
-
FOR THi: FARMER.
iorne Timely Sucjestion* for Kaisers of
Horses, Cattle and Sheep as to
Pastures.
Ihying One of the Most D.ingrerous l>isaabilities
of the Horse?How to
Hin&iguUh llutteriue.
WHAT A PASTUKE SHOULD BE.
In most parts of the world the pasure
is the main reliance of persons
vho keep cattle and sheep, as well a3
oung horses. With many these anin.als
nnlv n.iv their war when thev are
urned out to grass. They do not gain
ufficiently during the winter to pay
he cost of the food they e:it and the
:are they require. Few farmers proluce
milk during the winter at prolit.
few dairy farmers expect to make
noney except during the season when
he feed in the pastures is good. The
>asture is tho sanitarium for all kinds
?f farm animals that arc out of condiion.
A horse that has been losing
lesh all winter is expected "to pick
ip" as soon as it is turned into the
>asture. The expectations are gener11t
fooliTn/! Animolo fr.fiftfc Tin.VP. Vfi
Hi.J igaiiU^U. ^ A.4-1
icntly dropped young will recover
heir strength after they have been in a
;ood pasture a few weeks. In this
limatc lambs are very likely to die if
hey comc before the grass starts in the
pring. It seems to be necessary for
uaking milk, which is their first food,
^ambs born in April and May generaly
live and do well. The pasture, if it
s a good one, combines everything
hat is essential for securing health and
. steady gain in weight. It is the
nam source of wealth to the average
:armcr.
Still the avernge farmer neglects his
>asture more than "he does any other
>ortion of his place. He devotes the
loorest land to the production of grass
hat is to be eaten in its green state,
lo takes little or no pains to improve
t. He allows the best grasses to dis.ppear,
and sows no seed with a view
if replacing tnem. ne atiows weeus
.nd bushes to spring up and multiply,
le gives no attention to anything
.bout it except the fence. He often
upresses surprise that his pasture
loes not carry as much stock as it did
rhen ho iirst inclosed it. That its
ceding capacity has declined should be
to marvel to him. He has not exerted
limself to keep up the fertility of the
oil, to introduce new forage plants,
md to prevent the disappearance of
>ld ones. The dung dropped by cattle
luring the day has remained to enrich
he land, but it has generally accumuated
in the places where the animals
ongregate when they are not feeding,
,nd it has never been scattered as it
hould have been. The drippings of
ho cattle at night, when they are in
he shed near the barn, have been
lanled into cultivated fields. A deline
in productiveness might reason,bly
be expected under such circumtances.
A large growth of grass and clover
an not be expected from land that is
a a poor mechanical condition or
riiich is lacking in the elements of fcrility.
This is not expected in a mcaiow,
and should not be in a pasture.
..and that. will not producc a geoct
wath of mown grass the 1st of July,
E stock is kept off from it, will not aford
good pasture during any month
?f the year. A pasture should produce
,s much grass as a field that is mown
or the purpose of securing the winter
ced for cattle. The plants should be
.s vigorou ; anil in mucn greater variey.
A tolerable extensive pasluro
hould,contain red, white, and Swedish
:lover. It should also contain tho
grasses usually grown in meadows and
cveral others that :H-e not prolitablo
o raise fur hay chielly on account of
he difficulty iu cutting and curing
hem. A ?root jrrass for hay is one like
imothv, whiea matures at a definite
ime. Timothy is a good pasture grass,
mt it can not be dep uded on during
he entire season. Some grasses aro
panted that alibrd food earlier than
imothy, and some that will afford food
nueh later. The greater the variety
if grass and clover the more constant
vifl be the supply of food.
.Animals in a pasture need to drink as
fell as to cat- They do not require a
ariety of beverages as they do of
oods, but they require an abundance
f water, and it is essential that it be
>ure and fresh. Mineral substances,
ike lime, are not ol>jectional in drinkag
water for stock, but vegetable and
nimal impurities are highly injurious,
t is certainly advisable to have water
ccessiblc to stock in more than on^
ilace if the pasture is a large one.
lany animals will sufferjfrom thirst on
. very warm day in summer before they
rill travel half a mile to obtain water.
:o insure comfort, shade should be
rovided in every pasture. Trees should
e planted in clusters in several places,
o that animals of different kinds and
ges can have retreats by themselves,
'here arc several varieties of trees that
aake a very rapid growth on prairie
oils, and they should be planted in
lusters in every new pasture- It is
asy to protect them while they are
oung by the use of barbed wire. In
ffording protection from the sun
rhile the trees arc growing temporary
heds can be erected at a trilling cost,
itrong posts can be placed at the corers.
Supports for tho frame of the
oof can be made of saplings and tho
overing made of straw or wild grass.
SIIYIXG HORSES.
One of the most dangerous disabiliies
of the horse, especially if it be a
addle-horse, is the act of shying, too
ften produced by punishing the green
oung horse for "getting up" at unised
sights. The habit may at length
tecome a dangerous vice. Any horse
s liable to shy. Instead of being punshed
for it, he should be led to familnw'ra
Vtimsolf nrith aichf-.q and sounds
umuvti TTAWIA ?
tear to him, by the only senses he can
ise. These are the senses of touch,
ight, and hearing. A horse terrified
,t the sound of artillery, brass bands,
>r other noises, if made to stand as
till as possible while these sounds are
ontinued, soon loses the senses of fear
,nd curiosity is excited. Beating only
Qcreases the fright Most horses will
amp the first time a sheet of paper is
ilown under their feet. Whipping will
ause them to become frantic at a reurrence,
more from the fear of the
ash than the paper itself. The better
dan is to let them see the paper until
ustiuuL prompts them to approach the
bject. A horse never gets frightened
,t any object once he is used to it. If
ie can be made to approach a locomoive
and place his nose against it, howver
long it may take, the locomotive
ieing at rest, lie win at lengin wisn to
io so, and will thereafter regard it with
ndifference. Who has not seen the
hild "shy around" some suspicious obect,
and at length approach it, if
lone. It is the same with tho young
Lorse.
Shying in the horse, however, is oftn
the result of near-sightedness. If
uspected, a critical examination should
>e made, for if tho disability lies in the
formation of the eye the an: nal is not
fit for saddle use, nor use in single harness.
. Driven double, however, he
soon conies to rely on his mate, and
the disability .is not serious. Above
all, a horse inclined in the least to shy
should never be intrusted to a lady unless
she be a thoroughly accomplished
horsewoman.'
DISTINGUISH BUTTEIUNE.
The following practical measure is
given by John Horsley in the Chemical
Sews: This method enables anyone to
put it into practice. Have ready two
* 1 3 ?1
snau out wiaomoumcu glass tusu.tubes,
about four inches high, with feet
attached. Into one put a piece of buttcrine
or oleo-margarine (about the
size of a hazel-nut), and cork this tube;
next take one in each hand at the bottom;
in ten minutes the buttcrinc melts
into a clear oily fluid by the mere heat
of the blood (98 degrees F.) Purcbutte,:*
takes twice as long to melt as butte-ine,
and even then is not so clear
aj^y^s buttcrine, which is a noteworthy
difference between them; this
is the physical test. For the chemical
test, after the tubes have stood to cool
for a few minutes pour on ether to
about one-third of the tube and cork
well. Agitate the tubes?one in each
hand?clasping them well. The butterine
readily dissolves into a clear
liauor. which the addition thereto of
"A , twenty
or thirty drops of spirit of wine <
does not disturb or precipitate; but a ]
similar experiment with pure butter ;
produces a voluminous white precipi- <
tate. Hereby we can easily distinguish i
one from the other. Even butter <
adulterated with a portion of oleo- I
margarine or butterine may be de- ]
tccted by a precipitate being formed
* o m t
The Natural Resources of Ireland. !
The Anthracite coal-lields of Lein- (
ster extend over a great portion of the
counties of Kilkenny, Queen's county and
Carlow, and are estimated to con-, (
tain G3,000,000 tons. (This estimate has (
reference only to one four-foot layer; ,
fV.ni.n m nrn lovr>r? n ri H prn on th
untouched.) .
The Tipperary coal-fields are 20 mile
long and "in parts 6 miles wide. The ;
Munster coal-fields, the largest in the 3
British Empire, occupy a large portion j
of tho counties of Clare, Limerick, ,
Cork and Kerry. The Bituminous ,
coal-fields of Tyronne cover 7,000 <
acres (Irish). Anahono coal district
contains 320 acres, Antrim has a small .
coal district, also Monahan and Mulvagh
Bay. The Counaught coal-fields ;
extend over a large portion of the J
counties of Roscommon, Sligo, "Leitrim
and Cavan, covering an area of 114,
000 acres (Irish). To these immense
coal-fields, add 2,830,000 acres of Bog '
(Peat), which has 44 per cent tho
economic value of coal, which shews
Ireland to be well provided with fuel.
The water power of Ireland equals
1,152,150 horse power, capable of working
night and day, the year round, and
this power can be more than doubled
by building basins, reservoirs, ctc.,
that would economize the rain-fall to
be used in dry seasons. Nearly all the
lakes of Ireland could be converted
reservoirs to be utilized as
n~i-tnrin cr niirtmsos
Iron, exists in large quantities in Tyrone,
Kilkenny, on the shores of Lough
Allen, Fermanah, Cavan, Queen's
county, Clare, Roscommon and Leitrim;
coppcr exists in Wicklow and
Walerford. The lead mines of Wicklow,
Watcrford, Dublin and Clare,
Cork, Kerry, Tippcrary and north of
Dublin are very extensive. Gold and
silver mines exist in Wicklow and
Cork; antimony in Clare and Armagh;
magnesia and its sulphate exist in vast \
quantities; alum and slato in Claro and
Kerry; pipe-clay, white, and lire clay.
Fullers' earth, pipe and tile-clay in ,
every part of Ireland; 60J different
kinds of stone and marble and slate. ;
It would seem from this partial enu- J
meration of the resources that nature ,
has supplied the island with more than |
an jiverage quantity of raw material,
adu to which a rich soil, a climate j
neither hot in summer nor colli in winter,
with harbors anil commercial advantages
equal, if not superior, to any
country of her size in the world, and
the wonder is th:it any power of man ,
or demon could creat so much misery,
where God lias extended his blessings ]
in such abundance. . ,
< ?
Ampersand.
It is a mountain. It is a lake. It is I
a stream. The mountain stauds in
the heart of the Adirondack country, j
just near enough to the thoroughfare
of tr.ivnl for thousands of DOOIllc to SCO 1
every year, and just far enough away '
from the beaten track to be unvisited except
by a few of the wise ones who ]
love to digress. Behind the mountain 1
is the lake, which no lazy man has ever <
seen. Out of the lake flows the stream, <
winding down a long untrodden forest i
valley, until at length it joins the Stony
Creek waters ana empties into the |
Raquette river. Which of the three j
Ampersands hr.s t ho prior claim to the i
name I cnn;;ut tell. Philosophically i
speaking, liie mountain ought to be
regarded as the father of the family, <
because it was undoubtedly there be- '
fore the others existed. And the lake ]
was probably the next on the ground, ?
becausc the stream is its child. But j
in an IS HOI SlilUWV just. m ma uuiucuclature;
and I conjecture that the little
river, the last born of the throe, was
the first to be called Ampersand, and
then ?ave its name to its parent and
grandparent. It is such a crooked
stream, so bent and curved and twisted
upon itself, so fond of turning
around unexpected corners and sweeping
away in great circles from its direct
course, that its first explorers
christened it after the eccentric supernumerary
of the alphabet which appears
in the old spelling-books as &.
But in spite of this apparent subor- i
umaaofl to tue siruuiu iu wc uimwi u> }
a name, tho mountain clearly asserts |
its natural superiority. It stands up j
boldly, and dominates not onlyit3 own 1
lake, but at least three others. Tho ]
Lower Saranac, Round Lake, and Lone- (
some Pond are all stretched at its, foot
and acknowledge its lordship. When
the cloud is on its brow they are dark.
When the sunlight strikes it, they
smile. Wherever you may go over tho ]
waters of these lakes you shall see '
Ampersand looking down at you and |
saying, quietly, "This is my domain." ]
?Henry J. Van Dyke, Jr., in Harper'
j Magazine for July.
<
In the Bernese Obcrland a parrot |
one day made bis escape and perched '
on the rain trough of a farm house in
the neighborhood. The farmer, who
had probably never been out of his native
village, brought a ladder to capture
the strange animal. When he had
reached the top and was reaching out '
his hand, the parrot called out: "What 5
do you want? The astonished peas- '
ant at once took off his cap and said: 1
1 T a! C i. t
"Un, i beg your paraon, i mougnt you ;
were a bird V?McUhQmWL
~
THE MULTICAULIS MANIA.
The year 1S26 marked the origin of
Llie Moras multicaulis mania, which
raged as a fever from 1830 until it culminated
and collapsed in 1839. Congress
had referred an inquiry on silk;u!ture,
in 1825, to the Committee on
Agriculture, which, in 1826, reported
in favor of Its promotion, stating jn the
report that the imports of silk goods
in 1825 was nearly*double the exports
Df bread-stuffs?a fact scarcely credible
aow. The same year Gideon B, Smith,
>t Baltimore, planted there what is
claimed to have been the first Morus
multicaulis tree in America. The Secretary
of the Treasury, Richard Rush,
was directed to provide a manual on
silk culture, and the famous "Rush
r,^f>Ar" wan npfiordinflv issued in 1828.
together with several other treatises,
ind circulated broadcast In 1830 au
irticle by a Dr. Pascalis, on the ilorus
multicaulis, in the American Journal of
i-cience, directly started the mulberry |
[ever. The Massachusetts Legislature, ,
in 1831, provided for a manual of silkjulturc,
which was made by a manu- ;
facturer of Dedham, Mr. Cobb, and most
3f the States began to offer bounties and
premiums on trees, cocoons, and reeled
silk?commonly ten cents a pound on
locoons and fifty on silk. A report to
Congress in 1830 proposed a grant of
540,000 to one M. D'ilomergue for the
jstablishment of a normal school of
[ilature at Philadelphia, where sixty j
w-tsvn llOTTrt m-O t It? f/Yll O in. I
? UiUU UU(U *? I
struction for two years, and for traveling
about the country to teach silk- '
growing to farmers; and this "silk
bill," though defeated in 1832, and re- !
ported against as unconstitutional in
1835, would not down till 1837, when
still another committee reported as a
substitute a schemc to lease public
lands without rent for the cultivation
Df the mulberry-trcc or the sugar-beet.
The whole country now went wild,
rhe fever sccmoJ ouiy to get fresh fuel
3f excitement from the panic of 1837.
Orchards of the multicaulis were
planted in every State; farmers every
where set their wives and children to
feeding worms; multitudinous books,
public documents, periodicals on silkculture,
constituted the bulk of the
reading of the day; stock companies
for raising and manufacturing silk
sprang up like puff-balls; silk conventions
were held, and a United States
Silk Society was organized.
A thrifty nurseryman on Long Island
gave help to the excitement by a canny
plan. After selling a considerable
supply of trees to New England dealers,
ho started off one night by the
rroviaence do:ii, aau wuu greiu pretense
of eagerness made the pounds of
all bis customers, excitingly offering
Gfty cents apiece for trees. Of course
be didn't get them, but he presently
was able to sell all he had for a dollar
instead of fifty cents apiece.
In Burlington, New Jersey, over
300,000 trees were raised and sold; in
December, 1838, offerings at $1 per
tree were refused at Boston sales, and
55 was sometimes got for trees one
season old. It was satisfactorily
proved?again on paper?that au acre
of trees was good lo:- $1000 worth of
silk, but the price ot trees had bo relation
to figures, even the. most rosecolored.
One farmer soid $6000 worth
of trees from three-quarters of an acre.
In a single week in Pennsylvania
$300,000 worth were sold.
In 1839 the bubble burst, and Lho
hitfrs wpi-fl hittiin. A.mon? them .was
the speculative Long Islander. He had
caught the disease by which iio had
profited, and had sent an agent to
France with $80,000 to buy a million
more trees. Some speculators endeavored
to get even with fate by shipping
z cargo from the East to Indiana by
way of New Orleans in an unseaworthy
ship heavily insured, but the goods unfortunately
reached their destination.
Multitudes of men wero ruined by tho
crash. But Americans have a faculty
of falling on their feet, and some of
the unhappy mulberry-growers of the
thirties became the successful manu
Eacturcrs of later days.?From "A Silk
Dress," in Harper's Mug uzine for July.
Ancient Spoons.
"Fingers were made before forks,"
the saying runs, and it seems quite
probable that spoons were, too. Being
the simplest, the spoon Is apparently
the oldest arlilicial appliance for human
feeding. When Arnold's soldiers
spent their dismal winter in prison at
Quebec, early in the Revolutionary
War, they were allowed the use of no
metal utensil, and were obliged to eat
svith their fingers, until one of them,
...I. l??,} ?"..rt/J o l?nifn
WJ1U iilkU (;uuuit CU 44 AUUV,
whittled out a wooden spoon. This
was bailed with delight, and borrowed
by the whole mess by turns, till linally
the ingenious maker was induced to
jxercise his skill for the benelit of his
comrades; and from that time he had
no lack of employment
One of our exciu.ngos, remarking on
the widespread use of the spoon, and
its remote antiquity, gives some curidus
facts touching this handy implement:
The form which we use at the present
day?a small oral bowl, provided
with a shank and flattened handle?is
not that which has been universally
idopted. If we look into the manners
ind customs of some of the people loss
jivilized than we?the Kabylcs, for
ixample,?wc shall find that they use a
round wooden spoon.
Romans also used a round spoon,
arhich was made of copper. We might
ae led, from the latter fact, to infer
;hat the primitive form of this utensil
tvas round, and that the oval shape is
i comparatively modern invention.
But such is not the case, for M.
Chantree, in making some excavations
jn the borders of Lake Paladin, the
waters of which had been partially
-rvflP 4s\n r> A O r\f
preservation, wooden spoons which in
shape were entirely like those in use at
:he present day, tho only difference beng
in the form of iho handle, which
-vas no wider than tho shank. The
Neolithic people used oval spoons made
)f baked clay.
Flowers on the Table.
Set flowers on your table, a whole
aosegay if you can get it, or but two
)r three, or a single flower?a rose, a I
pink, a daisy?and you have something I
;hat reminds you of God's creation,
O tri f 1* fVin rt/tafa
;uu ^iico ;uu v* aiua ? **>&* vuw
:h3t have done it most honor, llowjrs
on the morning table are especially
suited to them. They look like the
iappy awakening of the creation; they
Dring the perfume of the breath of na:ure
into the room; they seem the very
representative and embodiment of
jvery smile of your home, the graces
>f good morrow; proofs that some in:ellectual
beauties are in ourselves and
hose about us, some Aurora (if we are
so happy as to have such a companion)
lelping to strew our lives with sweetless,
or in ourselves some masculine
vilderness not unworthy to possess
?uch a companioo or unworthy to^gain
ner.
J
I BISMARCK.
His Manner of Speaking and Mode of
Shoving Anger.
He is no elegant orator, rather the
contrary, but he can lead a debate like
no one else. Only a few days ago he
gpoke seven times in one afternoon,
each time with more energy and spirit,
! proving that his health is indeed reI
stored. Several members had already
spoken and the House was still empty,
j W UUU ?3UUU.^UiJF ujumvvio mvm
all the doors, and the- benches began
to fill. A rumor had been circulated
that Bismarck would appearand shortly
afterwards a narrow door near the
President's chair opened, and the tall
figure entered. Suddenly soft bells
are heard in all parts of the House.
The electric bells in the reading room,
in the committee rooms, and in the
journalists' rooms are sounded to announce
the arrival of the Chancellor,
who has shown that he will speak
presently, for, with one of his pencils,
more than a foot long, he has noted
down something on the loose quarto
sheets before him, with letters not less
than an inch deep, and this is a safe
sign that he intends speaking.
The President bows to him, and
Prince Bismarck rises to "take the
? ? ? ' ' ' ^AvA fNon
wuru. ilC Id l J.1LJ ij ajuwiv tunix gM
feet high; over his powerful chest and
broad shoulders rises a strangelyrounded,
well-shaped head of enormous
dimensions, and with no hair upon
it, so that it looks like a dome of polished
ivory. Thick white brows hang
over his eyes like two icicles. These
brows give his face a dark and frowning
expression, and the look which
glistened from his eyes is cold and
somewhat cruel?at least in Parliament.
His mustache is also thick and
gray, and conceals the mouth entirely..
The whole face is covcrcd with folds
and wrinkles, broad rings surround his
eyes, and even his temples are covcrcd
with small wrinkles.
When he begins to speak the colori
01 His lace cnanges irom paie iu reu,
and gradually assumes a light faroize
shade, which gives his powerful sLull
the appearance of a polished metal. It,
is a surpriso to hear Bismarck speuk'
for the first time. The soft, almost
weak voice, is all out of proportion
with his gigantic frame. It sometimes
becomes so soft that we fear that it
will die out altogether, and when he
has spokeu for awhile it grows hoarse.;
The Chancellor sometimes speaks fast,.'
sometimes very slowly, but never in a|
loud tone. He has no pathos what-i
ever. Some 01 ins most remarsaDxe
words, which in print look as if they
had been spoken with full force, as if
they must have had the effect of a sadden
thunderbolt on the audience, arc
in reality uttered in an ordinary tone
of well-bred conversation.
Personal attacks upon his enemies
are spoken by Bismarck with ironical
politeness, and in an obliging tone, as
if they concealed the kindest sentiments.
But if his anger cannot be]
heard, it can be seen; his face gradual-!
ly grows red, and the veins on his neck
swell in an alarming manner. When'
angry he usually grasps the collar of
his"uniform, and seems to catch for'
breath. His brows arc lowered still,
more, so that his eyes are almost in-;
visible. His voice grows a shade loud-.
r?r ami n slitrht metallic rinor in it-'
The sentences drop from his lips in'
rapid succession. He throws back his
head, and gives his face a hard, stony
expression. \
But it is dillicult to discern when his
anger is real and when it is' artificial.
The Chancellor has been seen trembling
wilh rage, and more like tho elements
let loose than like anything else. Once,
when he thought that the word "Fie!"had
been said by one of the Opposition
party he had one of his attacks, which^
would have silenced the House bad
every one been speaking at onco. With
trembling nostrils, with his teeth firmly
set, with eyes that emitted fire, and
clenched hands, he jumped from his
place to the side where the word had
sounded. If apologies and explana-.
tion had not been offered, who knows
how this scene inijjht have ended?
But except upon such rare occasions
Bismarck the orator is always a wellbred
man. He docs not bawl nor shout
any part of his speeches, but while giving
them their full share of pointed
sarcasm he always maintains the form
of a political conversation between gentlemen.
He has a method of his own
for waging war with his opponents.
He regards his opponent's speech as a
ball of wool, the last sentence spoken
being the end which he takes in hand
first, and with which he begins to unwind
the whole speech as he would unwind
the ball of wool. But it is easy
to see that while his tongue is speaking
his spirit is far in advance of it.
He hesitates in his speech, then suddenly
recalls himself and puts forth a
number of clear thoughts, which 'it
is easy to see occurred to him at the
moment?Berlin Letter to London Paper.
^ m
A correspondent writes from Baltimore:
"The residence of Ross Winans,
the defendant in the divorce suit recently
brought in New York, is one of
tho tinest iu America and the costliest
iu Baltimore. The family homestead
on West Baltimore street, built by old
Thomas AVinans, the founder of the
family name, is still a handsome place,
fenced in by a thirtecn-foot-high brick
wall. When the place was erected it
was surrounded by light railing,
through which the numerous statues
in the grounds could be seen. The
neighbors iu the vicinitj*, through ignorance
or jealousy, complained to tho
city councii that the nude statues were
objectionable. Old Thomas in a rage
hired all the idle bricklayers in Baltimore
and erected the mason wall
around the whole square. The adjacent
owners afterwards petitioned Mr.
Winans to reiuove it, but he refused.
Water can be boiled in a piece of paper.
Take a piece of paper and fold it
up as school boys do, into a square
box without a lid. Hang this up to a
walking stick by four threads, and
support the stick on hooks or other
convenient props. Then a lamp or taper
must be placed under this dainty
caldioa. In a few moments the water
will boil.
? - ^
That special qualities are essential
to the success of magazines is shown
by the fact that the name of able men
who failed to meet these requirements
r.hnrlps F. Hoffman. X. P.
Willis, Park Benjamin, William E.
Burton, Washington Irving,the Duyckinks,
Thomas Dunn English, James R.
Gilmore, and George K. Graham.
A mile below Port Jervis the States
of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania
join their boundaries. On a
rock in the Delaware River a person
may place one finger in Orange county,
"New York, another in Sussex county,
New Jersey, and a third in Pike
county, Pennsylvania, at the same
time. _ _ .
SCIENTIFIC MISCELLANY.
Weather-vanes illuminated by electricity,
so as to be visible at night, have
been suggested.
A case has been reported in which an
extraordinary outbreak of measles and
pneumonia among the children in a
public institution was caused by sewergas.
Mr. Lennox Browne, an English
physiologist, iinds that drinking and
smoking affect the vocal organs, statistics
furnished by no less than S80 professional
vocalists having shown him
that a singer should avoid all stimulants.
A peculiar black paper of Siam and
Burmah, made from the bark of certain
trees, is used very much as are slates
in Enrone and America. The writing
upon it may be rubbed out by the application
of betel leaves, just as slato
writing is erased by means of a sponge.
An electrician asserts that in bodies ?
in which life is not extinct the temperature
rises upon the application of
an electric current, but never in the
case of actual death. This fact supplies
a test for use in cases where life is suspected
to remain in persons apparently
dead.
"The sorrowful tree," flourishing
only at uigut, is a singular vegetable
of the island of Goa, near Bombay.
Half an hour after sunset the tree is
full of sweet-smelling flowers, although
ova tn h/? eppn mirinc Hnv: no
w "V G v? ?they
close up or drop off with the appearance
of the sun.
The latest report of the Eussian Geographical
Society makes the Lena delta
extend nearly half a degree fariLwr
north than on the best maps. Tho
northern cape of Danube (Dounay) Island
is placed in 78 degrees, 55 minutes
north latitude, while on the Vega map
it is 73 degrees 27 minutes.
It appears that an alloy of copper,
platinum and tin has been extensively
used in Great Britain for jewelry with
the object of deceiving pawnbrokers.
The fraud has been very successful, as
the compound resists the usual acid
test for gold. The alloy has even been
used for counterfeiting English coins.
Several Spanish doctors have been
practicing "vaccination" with cholera
vims. It is reported that so much
faith is placed in these experiments by
people of all classes that 300 individuals
were inoculated in Valencia in a
single afternoon. A commission from
Madrid has been sent to report on the
result
From experiments made in Germany
by Professor E. Wollny, it appears
that the air is considerably cooler over
a field under crop than over a fallow
field, and that the temperature fluctuates
less in the former case than in the
latter. The maximum of air temperature
travels with the course of the sun,
from eastern slopes in the morning to
the southern at noon and to the western
in the evening.
The coal fields of China proper, ac- ^
cording to a paper read before the
Philanthropic Society of Glasgow by
Mr. A Williamson, have a total area of i
400,000 square miles. Both the Shansi
and Heenan coal fields are greater
than that of the aggregate of the prinmnal
nrndnmnc ennntriea of
? r 0 ?
Europe, and in other districts of north
China the coal-fields are said to be
seven times as large as all those of
Great Britain. The coal is of various
kinds, and iron ores are in all parts
found in close proximity to the coaL
A German agricultural chemist, Prof.
Hcinrich, concludes that plants are best
nourished when the plant-food in soil
or water reaches a certain concentration,
not the absolute quantity of plantfood
but its concentration determining
the fertility of a soil. Deep tillage
without a simultaneously increased application
of manure is hurtful, since the
plant-food is thus diluted and the nutrition
of the crop rendered more diffiftnlf
Teflon tillflfro Ancniws l.eiorhfc
cned concentration of plant-food6 increases,
the harvest.
Golden Thoughts. i
Energy insures success in business. '
The great use of books is to rouse us
to thought. ? * ?
Happiness, like youth and health, is
rarely appreciated until it is lost
The future destiny of the child is always
the work of the mother.?Napoleon.
The sunshine of life is made up of
very little beams, that are bright all
the time.
Show not yourself glad at the misfortune
of another, though he were
your enemy.
Those who excel in strength are not
mcst likely to show contempt for weakness.
Good will, like a good name, is got
by many actions, and lost by one.?
Francis Jeffrey.
Wherein you reprove another be unblamable
yourself, for example is more
prevalent than precept.
Let us with caution indulge the supposition
that morality can be maintained
without religion.?Washington.
Strict punctuality is, perhaps, the
cheapest virtue which can give force to
an otherwise utterly insignificant character.?J.
F. Boyes.
"Smiles are more than sunshine,
Love is more than gold;
Patient hearts and toiiing hands
Bring joy and wealth untold."
The great need of to-day is to appreciate
how little we know, how much
there is to be learned, and the selection
of a right ideal or motive; a motive
that will lead us in the right way, however
small.
A Veteran Correspondent.
Maj. Ben: Perley Poore was among
the gentlemen presented to President
Cleveland recently. Maj. Poore, when
he shook hands with the president, remarked
that this was the seventeenth
president with whom he had shaken
hands. He has met them all except
four. He met Monroe when a small
boy in New York, and, later, when the
major came to Washington, he very
frequntly saw John Quincy Adams.
He remembers Adams especially well,
T 1- .4.4 4.1. _ 1 2 .J
Dccaube unci; tue lajicg o* #
a corner-stone of a public building.
The day was hot and the president removed
his coat. Young Poore had the
pleasure of boiding this coat President
Cleveland expressed great pleasure
in meeting the veteran correspond*ent.
He said it was very unusual to
meet anyone in Washington who had
lived there for any length of time.
Poore has a very good memoiy of all
the presidents from the time of John
Quincy Adams. Jackson was the
president, he savs, who inaugurated
the practice of receiving office-seekers
at the white house. Before him none
of the small place-seekers were perpermittcd
to sec the president It is
probable that President Cleveland will
in time succeed in restoring the old
condition of things, and banish the
ofiice-seckers as a class from the white
house. - ..