Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^^^^^^**^^^g^S?ffSSE^S?SSEBS^^S^&^^ESS^^?B^BS?BBBS^B^^^^?BBSSSB3B?S^SSBSB?SSSB^SBttBBfB?SSSOStSBBBSB??BBBSS?St?BS3BSSBSBESS3B3BSSBBS&BSSSE?S!^??BSS^^ %. : WINNSJBOBO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 13k 1885. ~~ Fishermen Urave. l Three flsbciuiea went payly cut into the Norti;? Out into the North ere the sun was hipht And they chuckled with pice as they sallied forth. Resolved to capture the trout?or die. For n:en will Csli. rnd xr.cn wili lie. About the trout I hey "caught on the fly"? Their Sunday-school lesions scorning-. Three- fishers lny unner tue trees at noun. And "blamed" the whole of the Cnny race; ^ For never a nibble fciu? touched fly or spoon. w And each sigheu as ho wet the hole in his face. For men will fish and men will lie, 1 . if And the way they caught t:out when no* body's ni-.-h Is something- to tell?in the morning. ' Three fishermen came into town at ni^ht, j> Ar.d their "spcckied beauties" were fair to ecc: They talked of their "sports" with keen deBght The envy of a'l the fraternity. , But men wii! fish an 1 men will l"e. ' And what they can't catch they're sure to buy. B . And never repent in ?!:e mornin?. ?Liverpool (Ens.) Courier. f OLD-FASK ION ED TEACHER. "Miss Hooker lias passed her usefulness; shjj's old-fashioned," said the chairman of the' school committee; "Miss Upton's class appears much betrter; they move with such precision and rccite so promptly, it's a real pleasure to visit her room." " L "Yes," said Dr. Snow, drily?"military drill. and parrot performances." "I like discipline,'''' returned the ' chairman; "you cun t draw the reins * too closely in the school-room; give boys an inch and they'll take an ell; I ' don't approve of Miss Hooker s easy, familiar way with her boys." ' Her class is always up to grade, , and, I have noticed; rank above the r average in the higher classes, showing I better habits of thought and study, 1 re^ marked the superintendent. "It is an important position." said another member, "and Miss Upton's V prompt, energetic methods are, to my F mind, what tnat class needs." "Boys o? that age," said Dr. Snow, 1? . * V _ - $v "are more easily controlled oy -uie old-fashioned' teacher as you choose to k call, than "by militaiy drill. Give that class to Miss Upton, and half of them rvvill drop out before the end of the year;- she controls by fear, and her teaching is wholly from books." So decided was the difference of * opinion in the usually harmonious board that it seemed advisable to postDone fartker consideration of the sub jeet, and the meeting was adjourned. * The two teachers whose merits had I * been under discussion were ignorant of * the intention of the comiSittee to fill, by promotion, the vacancy in the highY est grammar grade, iliss Hooker's ^ faithful and eilicient service entitled her to the higher position with its iib. -era! salary, but her modesty would ? have prevented her applying for the " place. It was bat another of her "old\ * fashioned" traits, this inability to go * from member to member to ask increase of salarv or higher position. \ Dr. Snow had formed a favorable "V opinion of Mis; Hooker not only from her work in the school-room, but from r> meeting her at the houses of her pupils, * where he noticed the friendliness that existed between teacher and pupil; and he also remembered the efficient aid she rendered in the sick room; he had seen her in the Sunday school, sur^ rounded by many oi her own boys, and kne^ that her labor and influence were not con lined to the school-room. See + ?\vA>n/iinrt tKof "T VAnlH YYTOTT^rif" J i& jn^JUVUVV lAiiVV ^?.VT VMV - ' her appointment to the important position she could so well till, or that, perfi haps, might result in the loss of her ? .. present position, he determined to investigate the peculiarities of this "oldfashioned" teacher, and learn, if possible, the reason or the disapprobation expressed at the recent meeting. While Jft thinking of this he chanced to meet a ^ . young acquaintance who had just returned for a short visit to his native tf town, and remembering that he had r. fomil rvf V>/> ^ UCtU .1 V. ?~v, thought it his opportunity. What i think of Miss Hooker?'' asked liiti young man in surprise, "j r think she is a blessing to any boy, p "ispeciallj; to a motherless boy, a-1 was. when I catered her room. Why, doctor, she cared for something besides ?ur lesson; she cared for our bodies and our souls. I learned habits of po liteness-and personal neatness in her " room that have been of great value to r- Lie, and'if her lessons in truth-telling, > kindness, and unselfishness have clung \ to all her pupils as they have to me, she has done a great work. I remember my first visit to a pool room, which a she discovered .by means of the odor of . * my first" cigar, and am glad to be able ?* ..v/vmico T f^an tn tu ^iiv bU^b liiu j 'iViaiog JL tuvu aummv , her is still unbroken. I tell you, docftr tor, an 'old-fashioned' teacher like Miss Hooker is :i power in a community." fj# "Why do you call her old-fashioned?" |T asked the doctor, r "Because liio new-fashioned teacher, f- . into whose hands I afterward fell, __ cared only for marks, reports,- finger-' bread performance, finical drill, and * ?-? * ? ?. Triof lri n n fe - - iiUcUilllilUU at'Uit'tvu-tuw. ^ of training doesn't make men, doctor, yet those teachers se^-m to be in high favor with your committee-men." ? "Not with me." said the doctor hasti ly; "I quite agree with yon." It was gratifying to Dr. Snow to have 'n* his opinion of I-.iiss Hooker so emphatir. % cally confirmed, but how to convince his colleagues of her worth and secure r "1" her appoinlment was a problem not j easily solved. The difficulty was over- j come, however, i.) a most unexpected manner before the . cxt meeting of the committee. For several months aH ? ryf 15*? ?;!f?r5r!<r had been r* - carried on in the different school buildA - ings of the town to the great annoyance of teachers and pupils, and also to the perplexity of the police, who were unable to tiud the least trace of the thieves. Oae morning two of Miss k Hooker's boys wercN arrested upon r"' wholly circumstantial evidence, and put in the -'lock-up." Although greatly overcome, they at once sent for their " ' " > *- 1 A. L * " teacher, to witom iney asserieu meir "w innocence, and begged her to inform their parents of their disgrace. Miss ir Hooker v.-as touched by this proof of (* their conii icnee, and, believing them rinnoccnt, she determined to assist them by every- means in her power. She ae'companied them to the court-room, sat by their side and testified to their truthfulness and n iform good conduct. Her ^ r?(l hnM WHl'e TI.W VUWkitu*, ?.?V ? released, and her wise prelection saved rthern from taunts and scorn that would otherwise have fallen upon them with , almost crushing weight* The grateful L * boys and their more gratoful parents | sounded abroad her praises, bringing ft to not ice other instances of sclf-sacri ficc and devotion to lier pupils. Miss Hooker shrank from the com mend at ion and publicity. "What else K could I have done?" she asked a friend. -"I ara pained that this trifling act should be thought of such importance. I have been constantly doing for my boys what has cost infinitely more of . sacrifice and devotion; this is nothing when compared with the daily routine of school life?the constant struggle 1 with ignorance, wilfullness, deception, i an I evil of every kind; yet my work has been unrecognized. Why must teacho%s wait for incidents outside of daily routine?for lire or accident?to bring recognition of worth? At such times the whole town commends a simple act of humanity, or is tilled with admiration for promptness of thought or action, tact or courage, when our whole work tends to the cultivation of these qualities, and a single day in the school-room calls, perhaps, for the prompt exercise of all." When Dr. Snow again proposed the appointment of Miss Hooker to the i vacant position, not a voice was raised in opposition to the "old-fashioned teacher," whose familiar manner was not in accordance with preconceived ideas of perfect discipline. Miss Hooker's pleasure in her appointment was | lessened by a suspicion of the truth, br.t she never knew how little recognition faithful service or true merit received from the -?jteagues of her friend, j Dr. Snow. w \ The Convoy of Exiles. At Krasnovarski we were put in prison I again, and there remained several weeks awaiting further orders as to our disposal, for, notwithstanding what we had been told at Kiev,. there appeared to be still some doubt touching the fate in store for us. At length came the final instructions. We were to march with the chain grang of common prisoners to Irkootsk. It was then that, as an expedient for' avoiding penal SCxViiuue u.uu ciituiuij ic^aiuiu- u..j liberty, the idea of affecting an exi change first occurred to me. The device [ is one frequently practiced among the outlaws of Siberia, This is the method I of it; Two prisoners make a bargain, whereby one of the contracting parties | takes the name and certificate and as| sumes the crime of another, and vice versa. There is, in fact, a complete i exchange of identities, and the one i who gains by the exchange settles the difference by a money payment. The result is that the man condemned to hard labor becomes a Siberian settler, and the other takes his place at the mines or in'jail. The bargain may appear an unequal one, but a moneyless man will sometimes do a great deal for -n vno,lv ??' dii i*X Ui 1 ViiU ) VUOU if lie has a passion for gambling or drink? and there is" always the possibility that, when the deceit is discovered, the more penalty may be enforced. In the meantime, moreover, the supposed political prisoner, who is generally of noble birth, enjoys a < onsideration and some material advantages which^are denied to the common malefactor. During the long tramp of the chain gang these substitutions are effected without much difficulty. The escort being changed every two days, it is impossible for the members of it, in so short a lime, to familiarize themselves with the names and conditions of the ten or twelve score prisoners | who compose the convoy. They can do no more than count heads, and when the officer in command of the party has delivered to his successor the same number of convicts in each category which he received from his predecessor his task is fully acquitted. Whether they arc the same persons he cannot undertake to say, and is never asked.? Contemporary fieview. The Early Pictorial Press. It v?as the Revolution that gave freedom to journalism. The censorship of t.4e press ceased in 1695, and several i eri^Hcal publications immediately ap pearea. juse at tins urne vuu an, v>* v/ood cutting was at its lowest ebb; and so, at the end of the seventeenth century, illustrations in newspapers became both rare and bad. The eighteenth ccntun" saw a great increase in the numbervand excellence of caricatures. The trial of Sacheverell produced a great many, and the South Sea bubble was even more .widely lampooned. Papers now began to appear in ever increasing numbers, and some of them, such as the well-known GrubStreet Journal published illustrations from time to time.- The best illustra tions, however, continued to oe copper plate engravings; but, as they involved two printings, the engraving and letterpress being on the same page, it was impossible for much advance to be made till they were discarded. The Daily Post of 1740 was one of the first | daily papers to give illustrations of current events. During the central 10 | years of the eighteenth century newsi papers seem to have published no illusj trations whatever. The Gentlemav/s | Magazine, started in 1731, had an oc| casional engraving or woodcut, but none of any merit It was not tilL after the revival of wood cutting by Bewick that the Observer?"the pioneer of modern illustrated journalism"?made its first appearance, (Sunday, Dec. 4, 1791). That paper, abandoning engraving, availed itself of the art of the wood cutter, and so did the Times in the early years of the present century. ?The Academy. - ? ? mm mm A Chinese Lynching. Just outside the west gate of Shanghai city is a small hamlet where lived an old* man and his son. The latter mnrfja it a of r>filling UDOn. bis father for cash whenever he was in want of it, until the thing got rather monotonous for the father, who remonstrated with his son, and being saucily replied to, the father attempted to apply "paternal correction" on the son; the son, in rage, then caught hold of the door-bar and brought it down with such force on the father's skull that be cracked it and killed the old man. The neighbors, hearing the row, assembled at the door of the house where the murderer was committed'and capture? thp. son ns he was endeavoring to escape. The members of the father's clan were then called together, and at a solemn conclave it was decided tc administer on the spot the law set aside for parricides instead of appealing to ;he magistrates, which invariably causes much delay, and perhaps the murderer might effect his escape in the meantime. So the parricide was bound hand and foot and just without the hamlet a hole was dug, and the wretched murderer consigned to its depths. The mud was thrown into the hole, and the members of the clan stamped by turns on tiie grave until it was on a level with the ground, .and so, without leaving a mound or any marks to point out t!ie parricide's grave, the assembled crowd dispersed silently to their daily vocations.?Celestial Empire. Cotton-raising not being profitable in some parts of South Carolina, the planters are turning their attention to tobacco culture. Ihere is said to be a belt of land in the Slate specially adapted to the growth of the finest qual" ~ rf leaf tobacco, equal to that raisea in Mecklenburg county, North Carolina, which is said to be the finest in the world. This region is found in-Upper Edgefield, Newbury, Fairfield,and Chester counties. FAR3I TOPICS. A. Revival of Interest in England in. the Employment of Lime for Agricultural Purposes?A Suggestive Experience. How Severe Trninins Prolongs the Life of the Thoroughbred?Ensilago Without Silos. A SUGGESTIVE EXPERIENCE. At a time when thonsauds are wishing for some work that will make them independent of the chances attending employment in the shops or n ills, the experience of a "gentleman who wa3 very poor,1' as reported by the American Qrangc Bulletin, may offer a suggestion full of comfort. It presents a plan by which thousands may ue:p themselves materially without at once abandoning their present occupations, if they before they put themselves into position to throw aside all other work for fruit growing. There need be no fear that the market will be overstocked with fruit, for the world has never si'en the time when good, fresh fruits were not salable at fair prices for any length of time. Ti:e experience related was that of one who lived near a town of about 1,80) people, adjoining which were many rich farms, and land was plenty, the rent being about $5 ' per acre. His first move was to look up a reliable nursery from which to purchase the necessary plants. This done, and all arrangements made for a supply of the best varieties of strawberries, raspberries, blaekberrie^ and grapes, the next step was toward securing the laud. Being short of funds the rule was to start at first on a small scale, so three acres of good land was leased for a term of six years and the rent for the first year? $15?paid in advance. Thea he oortioned off the followinz i number of plants to set out the three acres: One acre was to go in strawberries, one in blackberries, one-half $cre in black raspberries, one-fourth in red raspberries, and the rest, one-fourth of an acre, to grapevines. Our friend had no horses, so he hired the ground broken in the fall. When spring arrived the land was plowed again, well harrowed, and marked out for the plants. These were very carefully planted at the proper distances, and then came the work of tillage. All UVUUSIUUia UUj O UU6 Wi iiiuu and horse did the heaviest of the work, while his own arms and a good, bright hoe tended the remainder. Between the rows of all the plants, excepting the strawberries, garden truck was put in and tended along with the small fruits. When fall came the plants were found to have made a very fine and healthy growth, and there was a splendid crop of vegetables also. Part hud been already harvested and disposed of at a good advantage, while the remainder was ready for a like disposal. Enough had been realized in this way to pay another year's rent in advance, buy :i few berry-boxes, and have a little left. e In the village there was an enterprising grocer who had been a keen observer of our friend's fruit-garden, and he made advances toward securing the crop for sale. Ke would sell the fruit at a commission of 15 per cent on each dollar's wor;h if the grower as? t-li r\y n.1V fill! tYaUt'WU VlMUf Vfc II W?t.v* . w.v dollar for dollar? if go >ds were taken in payment for berries. There would be only the strawberries to put in market the sceoud reason, but our friend had planned so well us to varieties, and given them such attention, that the acre patch would yield a handsome crop. A horse and light spring wagon were rurchased on time, and then the second year's tillage w:i> easily done; besides, a conveyance was prepared for the transportation of the berries. Three vouug <riris were engaged 10 uo the berr)- picking, which with his own help was sufficient. Before the time came for harvesting the crop there were many weeks allowed for cultivation, which was done mostly by horse. No culture being needed for the strawberries, the two remaining acres of othor fruits could be ensilv handled and kept in good shape. To be sure there were many other matters to attend to, such as cutting back the raspberry canes, making berry boxes, culture being the greatest essential. In the latter part of May the berries Degan to rip n,,.aou soya tuc ucujpicking came on in earnest All this time the other plants were making a fine growth and were not neglected. The acre of strawberries turned out spleDdidlj', the total nnmber of quarts being 1,800 and over. The first brought 20 cents a quart, then fell to 15, then to 12}, and finally to 10 cents a box. All this was very satisfactory, and next year another strawberry crop and afull crop from the other plants. This is the way one man started, and he gradually increased his fields until now he h.is twentv acres in small fruits alono. Any other man can do just as well and perhaps better. APPLICATION OF LIME. The report comes from England th there is a great revival of interest in the employment of lime. * Daring the n;Lst few rears manv farmers have sriv I' " "" 4/ . of ^ en up the custom, long followed, of applying a large dose of lime to their land every seven years. They have employed commercial fertilizers, cliicfly for the reason that thev produced an elfect much quicker. Observing farmers and landlords have at last noticed that grass lands are suffering for an application of lime. The meadows . yield less hay, which is of poorer quality. Some of the best grasses have disappeared from pastures, and their pir.ecs art; ui;uupjcu uj ncciu auu mosses. The sandy soils are less productive than when they were periodically treated with lime. Their hard clay soils have become much more compact, and consequently much harder to work. The opinion has become general that the old custom of applying a .dose of lime to most soils once in seven years shonld be restored. It is found that the teams as well as men on most farms arc idle during several weeks In ttte winter, ana wiey can oe employed to.good advantage in hauling and spreading burned lime, chalk, and marl. In many places lime-kilns that have not been in use for many years have been put in ODeranon, ana contracts made for furnishing lime to farmers. Preparations are also made for working numerous deposits of marl, some of which have been temporarily abandoned. Chalk is in demand, and machines are in operation for crushing it. In some cases coni tracts have been made with transports tion companies for carrying it long distances and in large quantities. 5The employment of lime for agricultural purposes has been exceedingly limited in most parts of. this country for various reasons. In the New England states the amount of limestone was small and was poorly distributed. That which did exist was difficult to ' cj'.'.arry and very hard to pulverize, it required to be burned before it could be used, and the cost of transportation rendered its employment expensive. In several of the states the soil originally contained so much limn that the application of it was unnecessary. This was the case in Kentucky and Tennessee. Chalk beds are somewhat uncommon in this country, and those that do exist have not been worked. A few farmers in nearly every state h;tve used lime in some form, and have been well satisfied with the result. In several of the southern states.lime is pre}?.red for agricultural .'purposes in a. very simple manner. A.-pile of logs and brusnwood is iuade.rtiua' pieces of Htono piaceu on iop, aau .vuw.biiineu. i The resnit is a of quiefcdtiie ?i:d . ^iies. These are carted off to the lieids and scattered a sufficient time Jjefore a crop is planted to give the lime a chance to siake. This method >>:' forming lime is practical whenever :'uel is cheap and limestone is in the inraediaie vicinity, it may not pay in most of the western stales to- purchase lime for applying to laud at the price :..at builders pay for it. It is often the .i<c, however, tii.it farmers can obtain Jime that has been wet or become air slaked at a nominal price. With this they can experiment and ascertain its value for producing grass, clover, and cultivated crops. In most countries the use of lime becomes a necessity after growing crops have removed from the soil one of the most essential elements of plant nutrition. LONGEVITY IN' HORSES. /!'V While the aptitude for living to a' great age is undoubtedly inherited^ still this tendency to long living many times shows up in the character of a spurt, as a single son or daughter from a given pair may attain to a great age, all other scions from the same stock being'onlv moderately loug livers. As to longevity, as we ordinarily meet with it, there are physical signs that, fully inspected and estimated at their w?rth, will always be found to tally with the results. The thoroughbred has a firm structure throughout, clearly the result of transmission throrvgh an agency rendered firm of tissue by continuous and somewhat severe training, ignoring accumulation of fat. The latter substance in excess, or even approaching this, places the horse or the person with this peculiarity as though with a sword susDended over him tv a very weak thread. Life is prolonged by such repeated efforts as give vigor, short of sapping the vitality, and one of the agencies through whioh this is done is curtailment of tendency to fatness. We have in trees corroborative evidence that firm texture leads to long life. The hardwood trees are considered by naturalists to be lotfglived in proportion a$ they grow thi.'k and stout rather than tall. Slim plants are, as a rule, delicate and short-lived. We can safely apply this similitude to the hor.<e, and calculate that the spindling, leggy horse will not prove hardy or long-lived. The firm texture of the llesh and bones of the mule may be taken as evidence that this concentration of structure mav be considered to be associated, as a rule, with tendency to long life, and it is worth considering how far wc can safely depart from the peculiarity reforrcd to.?Live Stock Journal. ENSILAGE WITHOUT SILOS. The plan of compressing green fodder in stacks above the ground, instead of silos, long practiced to some extent by Dutch farmers, has been tried in England during the past season. A Hampshire fanner reports a successful experiment of the kind. He carted some grass as soon as it was cut, stacked it in the ordinary way, and weighted it every evening with about two tons of railway metals, of greater length than the width of the - - * ?i-i-i 1? ??,i SI3CK, WHICH Wiis iiJliU JUl UD JUUJ auu five yards wide. By this means a large quantity of grass was compressed into a small space. When the stack was finished the loose grass from the side was pulled out and put on the top, which was not thatched. The result is about fifty tons of good fodder, similar to silage. There is some waste at the sides and on top, but not more, it is said, than is commonly" found in silos. Another experiment of the same description was carried out with the help of an elaborate system of mechanical pressure, which appears quite an unnecessary expense. The explanation of the preservation of the fodder is that it became so solid that the air could not penetrate more than about nine * ? fKo cfor>lr or?r? lliu.uea at) LUU 3JUCO UJ IUV Jtuva uuv. not much more on top. It will be advisable for all who try the plan to fix the stack at a distance from any other stack or any building, as a little hitch in the arrangements might easily lead to the heating, and ultimate firing, of the fodder. The Earliest Parchment. | In the early Middle Ages a man would take a simple rough sheepskin and wit1 his own hands convert it into a missal, "?* - * 5 J ? u uiuminaiea aau ~"iiot,tsu iut jxiusiu. ' "Graduale unum promanu formavit, purgavit, punxit, sulcavit, pria scripsit illuminavit, musiceque notavit syllabatim." Among other interesting particulars brought before the reader we learn that the process of the Inquisition against the Knights Templars was engrossed on a roll more than 70 feet long?a charge inevitably as fatal, though by no means as brief, as that * a- i. 1 ll. c | urougui UV tuc Ot-fUl LU.U O UUj^cj agiuu^n I the poor Plataeans after the fearful two years' siege. With the introduction of | parchment begins the systematic history of miniature, '1 he use of linen paper, however, is spoken of as early as 1125, the most ancient fragment extant being that on which the Sire de Joinville wrote a letter to King Louis X. in 1315. Pens, pencils, inks?in short everything belonging to the art of the scribe and the miniaturist?are minutely treated of and particulars given, from reliable sources; of the cost which the decoration of an illuminated book would reach when such books were executed for wealthy patrons.?The Academy, . .. . ,. ... 1 t A X i^U^U VUVU1WK, V. -W . has inve -tigated buckwheat, and' give's the following as bis researches: "Buckwheat cakes are equal to pure white bread as regards the phosphates of I bone-making material and nitrogenous principles which they contain, and are superior to bread in fatty matters. Tl>o nonnral nf hnnbU-hA?f. I cooked is about three times the weight i uf the flour used, showing that such flour will retain about 40 per cent of water. "Viewed strictly, buck wheat is not a cereal, but a species of weed highly developed. It is-Asiatic in its origin, and was brought to Europe by the Saracen?, Spain haying been the first country in which it was cultivated." Eggs in some parts of Montana are sold at ten cents each or one dollar per dozen. % OUR CRAZY QUILT. The ^EsQietic Importr-nce of Dress and the Question of florals?Inexpensive and ' } Handsome Wail Fapers. Dainty Glassware and Chins foi the Table and-Sideboar<i?Dressing: the Hair? Oat-Door Costumes. ESTHETIC IMPORTANCE OF DKE-S. The Aesthetic importance of dress, says a writer in-the Brooklyn Eagle, is hardly less apparent than the moral. . As the type of countenance, cay, of form, Varies under the modifying 'influences of costume and' climate, so we ;can be at no -loss to understand the supreme beauty of G/eek. art and the sensuous perfection it typifies. The n r\t nnlr omArnr? o-n nvVinicifA atmosphere and-' lovely scenery, but perceived another l^ind of beauty whrei*secmep. to them mere glorious than all ?the beauty of the human form. And having set themselves "to reach this,and having gained it, they gave ;t their principal, thought, ..and set it off with beautiful dress., .Could one of . the old Grcek/stfnlptorslje* transported into-a modern drawing-room, he" would sure1 ' J x! m. 1_ T.* - iy wonuer iess uiai we nave no uetter art than that we should have any at. all. 3^or the truth stares every thoughtful person in the face. We are daily doingfrnore and more tc travesty the human foum and to set at naught those very principles of harmony inculcated by various, aesthetic teachers with.so much"Vehemence. The modern dress of both sexes by no means accords with the simplest' laws of beauty, hygiene, ' and economic science. And, take itfor all aijd all, perhaps the dress of a lady w:is seldom more inartistic, unhealthy, and extravagant tban at present, and surely never more vulgarizing. Consider the fashion of car-rings. Now it is obvious that the reason of women mutilating their ears is not to be found in the circumstances among which we are living. The modern earring of cultivated nations is a relic oi ruder mental and moral i onditions,and though we have outlived the barbarism we persist in retaining the fashion of barbarians?a case among many in which the result of progress has been negative and not posit.ve. Again, regard a lady's toilet as mere drapery. The feye is tortured by the multiplicity of angles, lines, and points, and what with the fragmentary appearance of the dress one is reminded of the piecemeal structure of the animals called articulate. Harmony of color is regarded as atue as narmony 01 proportion, ana me passion for novelty has induced extreme wastefulness?twenty dresses of inferior stuff arc preferred to one of rich and artistic material, and the thought and care that might devise a really beautiful costume are expended upon the manufacture of a hundred as uniform as they are unbecoming. These commonplace dresses being quickly worn out, fashion, the modern Sisyphus, begins its uphill work by inventing a hundred more. Women whose chief business it is to dress according to fashion are not likely to interfere with the ?r ? * J cuuuuriis uj. iixtJ) ciixu. jlu a >v via. of dsep and painful interest lately published by Dr. Polites, of tie University of Bisa, on the "Physiology of Mind," greft stress is laid upon the connection of frivolous pursuits and mental disorders. There is a slightly greater disposition to insanity among women than among men, which is partly accounted for by the baneful system of female education, engendering as it does puerility of occupation, paucity of resource, and a habit of total dependence. The writer looks to the higher education of women not only as an element of their social and intellectual regeneration,but c? physical welt being, since a purposeless or ill-directed life induces, among other ills that'flesh is heir to, the most -li ^ - ? -11 : vCETlUie Ol till?jdui? usii ?*vr men begin the process of self-education by cultivating the ethics of dress. This is their empire. Dress, said Hazlitt, is the great secret of address; and young women who initiate the so-called "fast style of Parisian fashion invariably acquire the fast style ot speech and manners also. This is imitated by the lower classes, till even our domestic servants are ashamed to wear sober colors and last year's bonnets. Extravagance is the rule, moderatipn the exception, among all rank.3. THE COMING TV ALL PAPERS. Til JCiUILL piipci3 iuv iliouu w uavuj ivsemble certain goods, the grain and color of the material forming the hangings being exactly copied in the paper. They are not expensive, except those imitating plain or cisele Velvet. Flowered papers are exceedingly handsome, and when a room is large and the walls are not plentifully supplied with pictures and other ornaments, they are useful to relieve the general bareness of aspect which will be inevitably the case with a plain paper. In vestibules and staircases where plain rough paper with handsome dado and frieze are not employed, handsome raised papers are snhstitnted. covered with heraldic em blems, animals, or otherwise; the tints of the backgrounds are- subdued, of mediaeval colorings. For dining-rooms leather papers, touched up with metal, are the most fashionable. ~ Rich flowered papers, imitating the latest Lyons silks, are reserved for drawing-rooms. They are superbly colored, and form very effective panelings in a room which is all painted white and gold. . Some pretty papers are made expressly for boudoirs, imitating: old tapestry. These are inexpensive, but in excellent taste. For. ladies' bedrooms there arc moire papers of delicate tints to represent silks. Serge and lampas papers are used for the same purpose, also cretonne papers covered with flowers. Gentlemen's dressing-rooms, which are- generally quite simple in furniture and decoration, are frequently papered in patterns imitating tiles, varnished over like the old-fashioned marble papers that were used upon staircases. The frieze is by many at the present day considered an essential division of the wall and should always be employed where the room is of a good height The design of this frieze should not bo too prominent nor formal^ some of the best that we have seen have been of a paper not expressly intended for such a use, covered well over with flowers, not too large. The object of the frieze is to make a colored band or rather a tinted band under the cornice, and to simply modify the height of the wall. The latter would be defeated rather than assisted by a formal pattern with, large and brilliant figures, for jsuch a frieze would pull the ceiling, figuratively speaking, over our ears, and beside would kill the effect. of the main portion of the wall. COLORED GLASS IX FAVOR. The handsomest wine sets are of English ctit glass, rose,diamond, Russian, hobnail, or the new polar star cutting. Not every one, however, can afford such glass as this, and thin engraved glass, clear as crystal, is the usual style, with even wealthy people, since, irrespective of cost, it shows oft' the color of the wine to better advantage. Colored glass grows constantly in favor?Vene nan Mt-li.il il^ *iiai yciuu3 viajva/j. ?*tion, and the new cut glass, cameolike, with the raised cutting of rose, green, blue, or topaz on a ground of plain glass. The new decanters arfe low and round, with long, slender necks, or are veritable jugs, tall and straight. Still decanters, though every one "buys them with a wine set, can scarcely be said to be in general use, since the host, especially if he prides himself upon his wines, prefers to serve them from the original bottles. Ice bowls, salad bowls, bonbon dishes, olive trays, ice cream sets, finger bowls, etc., swell the list of dainty glassware, and a table set with these under <raslicrht is...brilliant- beyond de script ion. There is a great fancy for variety in table ware?thus in a set of finger-bowls there will be one rose, one pale pink, one topaz, one amber, one dark blue, one pale blue, one myrtle, and another sea green, one violet, ono dark wine:color,.,,qse.cjf?r .glass, and another milky in tint, tne unities, being preserved in the matter of shape.' So, ilso, the half-dozen wines "grouped arormr? the orr?hl?fc for water mav show as many colors, and, fortunately for ' he drinkers of Schuylkill water, colored jroblets for water are coming into fashion. SKATING AND WALKING. Our transatlantic sisters complain much of the mild weather, which renders their sleighing and skating costumes useless, and foreign journals report the tailor-made suit as the leading style for walking dress, and mention some novelties brought out therein by London tailors. Mixed bright metal braids are used on waistcoats and cuffs of plain cloth of some distinct shade from that which composes the gown. Blue and red are most deftly combined, or red witli rich dark myrtle-green, and both can be trimmed with equal effect with goldwoven red mohair braid. A gown of line dark navy blue, with reel on the skirt, introduced as rovers at the sides,, had a self-colored tunic, gracefully draped, which fell in a square apron front, and close-folded loops on the back. The bodice was habit shaped, beautifully cut, and made with short coattails behind. The opening was filled by a plait of red cloth, with red and gold braid sewn thereon. A long, narrow waistcoat (again of red cloth) was almost concealed by close rows of braid, in short "side-to-side" lines UU?il * LO XIA^AX giMuu MM W lar encircled'the throat. The braiding on this was upright, and the sleeves were just stitched at the wrists, forming cuffs, with two buttons of horn at the sides.?Philadelphia Press. DRESSING THE HAIR. The latest Parisian fashion for dressing the hair is to have it Cut very short, as it was worn in the early part of this century by Mme. Kecamier ana ^aeen Hortense. At fashionable reunions in Paris the hair is arranged in this way, and has bands or wreaths of natural flowers. Bands of diamonds and bracelets of precious stones are also placed flat against the hair. Some ladies adopt the Sevigne coiffure. This style is very appropriate with toilets of velours fmnnr*. hrnnade. and damask,with very long trains. Queen Marie Christine has also arranged a coiffure after designs of the eighteenth century, and the novelty has already met with considerable success. The hair is divided into three parts. The first forms small curls over the forehead; the second is rolled back, and the third forms a tuft in the shape of a crown- The hair is sometimes taken back off the forehead. Curls are again worn in the back of the neck, but only with low-necked dresses. Many youns: Parisian ladies powder their hair. That's the Best Way. He had an old horse hitched to a country "pung,V and there was snow on his hat ana'a snow-ball in each ear as he reined the animal up alongside ? ~~^ fo nrkKnomon* Ulti CUI U UilU OliV/UlGU. IU a JIU11VVU1UM. "Is this the nineteenth century?" _ "Feels like it," said the officer. "And is a free-born American citizen to have his life put in peril to gratify the humor of a mob of boys?" "What has happened?" "This!" he yelled, as he picked the snow-ball out of hn left ear, "and this!" he yelled still louder as he took the one of his right. "I've had to run a gauntlet for three miles! I've bin * - * "* - J 1 J 2 popped ana smjrgea. anu paraiyzuu uuu pulverized! This 'ere hoss has been popped and pelted and pounded 'till he can't rest? I demand that protection guaranteed to every citizen by the great American Constitution!" "You shall have it, sir. Just consider the mantle of protection thrown around you and your hoss." The old man drove off, growling and muttering, but he hadn't progressed a block before a snow-ball carried his hat away and another lifted the old liorse | off his feet. "That's too much, that isP' said the driver as he rolled of his pung sideways. "If they haven't got any better mantle than this in Detroit I must take keer o' my liberties!" And he rushed to the sidewalk, grabbed a boy who was going home with a quart of molasses, and * tanned his jacket in the good old-fashioned effective style.?Detroit Free Press. New Street-Sweeping Machine. An English inventor has devised a new street-sweeping machine, described as consisting of a series of endless chains, and revolving around spindles. These brushes sweep the mud into a receiver, which is continued upward to a height of eight feet, as a thin iron casing. Inside this casing is a scries of iron spoops or buckets, fixed on endless chains and revolving around top and bottom shafts in a similar manner to the bnjshes. These buckets dip into the receiver and lift the mud to a delivery shoot, dredger fashion, when it runs into a van, to toe tail of which the street-sweeper or elevator is attached. Motion is imparted into the mechanism by gearing from the road traveling wheels, ana either brushes or elevator can be thrown in or out of <roar as desired. The van is on the mecEnnical tipping principle,, and when it is full" the sweeping apparatus is detached and the ran taken away to be emptied.? St. Louis Crlobc-Dcmocrat. To counteract the effect of a fatal dose of poison accidentally administered to a man near Beattyville, and there being no emetic remedy on hand, Mrs. Crawford thought the nicotine found in a pipe-stem would answer the purpose. She slit open an old stem, serapeu ouc tiic inside and jpive it to the patient, who died in ten minutes Scientific 3I?sc I- r An Australian naturalist has discovered the nervous system of the; sponges. Electrical footwarmers for use in railroad carriages are undergoing exnnrimanfc hir At <?<> Mori tons a.t Kis v. orks in the'Rue B ours alt, Paris. Liquefied oxygea. i-.. lighter than .water, and a little heavier lb an. alcohol,, according to a French chemist, who has calculated its specific gravity as 0.888. The quinquennial prize of the Belgian Government has been awarded to Prof. La Paige, of the University of Liege, for his researches in rnathema tics ana pnysics. H. M. Leply lias from analyses, of masses of boiieii beetroot obtained an average of- 131 <rrains of nitrate of potassium and 143 grains of chloride of potassium in every 100 kilograms. " Cows are said to eat horse chestnuts - very readily; but these nuts do not , appear to do so well with other anir mals of the stock, raiser. Meal made from horse e&gstniits contain 10 per cent of albuminoids. Aseptol is said to bo a better anlisentift than either saliorb'c or ohenic acid. It is a syrup liquid of an amber j color, and it has a peculiar disagreeable odor. It boils at 266 dgr. Fahrenheit and crystallizes at 46 dgr. Dr. M. Eubner says that, while thi experiments of Ckossat, Regnault, and others seem to show that small animals consume relatively more nutri- j ment than large ones, he is unable himself to confirm this conclusion. In Cape Colony the extensive plant. ing of the common tomato is recommended, as it is alleged that insects ] sftun tiie land on wuicn -it is grown. The suggestion is made, however, that the same effect may not be produced in J cooler countries. Mods. Onimus has reported to the French Academy of Sciences that the ' cholera epidemics of Paris and Mar seillcs were attended by a low proportion of ozone in the atmosphere, and that the administration of ozone produced favorable results in cases of the disease. A French archaeologist, Mons. Sail- ' lard, has discovered the workshop of a prehistoric armorer in a steep roct on i the coast of Brittany. The workman lived in a stone age. and his skeleton was found among the various stone weapons and implements npon which he had been working. A German mining engineer, Herr J. Muller, brings light coins up to the standard weight by the electro-deposition of metal upon them. Unless it is necessary to add considerable to the ' weight, this process?simply forming a thin and uniform coating?docs not deface the characters upon the coin. Pasteur, the great French chemist, devotes his entire time to original research, although he receives equivalent to ?2,COO a year as scientific di rector of the Superior Normal school of Paris. Koch, the eminent German physiologist, is provided with a laboratory by the government, and is paid a sum equal to1,500 per annum. Most experiments w.'th hydrochlorate of cocaine have been confined to mucous surfaces, like the eye and the mouth. By applying it under the skin, however, Mons. J. Grasset has found that the new ance.sthetic may be made to produce ioe:il insensibility in any part of the body, the duration being sufficient for various surgical operations. Au English observer has reached the conclusion that the musk beetle (Aromia moschata) has the power of emitting or suppressing its odor at pleasure, but that when dying the scent is continuous and very powerful. He mentions a ease in which a scent of roses has been known to procecd from - ? tnc nuiuaii uouv m inuguc uuu new cess. Similar instances are??iven by another writer. Hawaiian Aristocracy. No aristocracy was ever more plainly marked by nature than the chiefs of the Hawaiian nation. They are very tall, very corpulent, usually stern, though good hearted, good form and a development of muscle that would entrance the. eye of a sculptor. These qualifications, as such they are thought to be by the native, are probably partly inherited and partly the result of their habits. They always have a large number of retainers or attendants who - fan them, brush away insects and dress their hair and persons. When the chiefs are v<?ry tired, lame, or have pain in any espe U1U.X Ui IwTV^aj, UUWJ M.4.v/ 4VUAA lomied by persons who are especially trained in" this art It is a kind of luxurious kneading of the muscles, alternating with an incessant pounding of the parts with the under side of the fist- Sometimes the patient lies face downward, and the one who lomies runs up and down the back, spine and limbs: sometimes, if the parts are very lame, as after a long horseback ride or in rheumatism, the severe manipulations of the muscles and joints will cause the natient to crv out with a laughing, aching pain. But, strange as it may seem, tbis treatment rightly performed invariably removes any pain, lameness or fatigue, and after it the | patient feels rested and refreshed- The chiefs used to be lomilomied when they were too lazy to exercise, as it exer- j cises all the muscles and gives them rest from their reclining and tiresome positions.? Cor. Boston Transcript. Education in the East. Uncle James, just arrived frcm the West for a visit to his little niece? "Well, Emily, and how are you coming j on at school?'1 Emily (little 8-year old Boston girl)?"Nicely, uncle." uncie tiames?- j. sujjpvav j^u vaxi read and write and spell with the best of 'em?'1 Emily?"Oh, my, yes. I study mental philosophy and the science of languages, and on Tuesday I'm to prepare a treatise on . 'Psychology,' and another on Friday on 'Methods*of Thought;' and twice a week we have a lesson in 'Ethics of Sex,' and here is an article I am to read to-morrow, called i The Brazen Period,' and " Mamma (entering the room)? 'There, Emily, dear, little children should be seen, not heard, and besides 3-our Uncle James must be very tired after his long journey." Uncle James looked tired.?Drake's Traveler. Sitting Ball has his photograph taken three times a week. He can afford to. : He can stand it. He just sits down, assumes his position, lays one hand on his tomahawk, glares right into the camera and there isn't a photographer in the land who dares ask him look right up iiere at this cractc in tue waii, or say to him, "Look pleasant, please?" It is sometimes a sweet boon to be a Injun. I -i ' . , GLKASISGS. One of the New York papers recently used a quarter of a ton of ink in printing one day's edition. When you hire a servant in Mezioo it is with the understanding that his Of. her entire family reside with you. In the bill" of a mosquito there axe cti n/*irto 1 tigfiinroQnfq UTV umuuvw UMUUUMMtam These are described as a lance,two neat: saws, a suction pump and a small Corliss engine. The Mexican stage coach alwayr has two drivers, one to,hold the reins and the other to do the whipping, lie latter carrier a bag. of stones to throw at the leader?. The North Carolina Commissioner of Immigration says HO families, number- ~ ing 700 persons, have settled in the State, mainly from Hew England, in the last year. The most universally diffused organism in nature, the least size with which we are detinitelv acouaintSd.'is so small that 5Q,000,000 them cooSi lie together in 1-100 square inch. David Allen, a fanner of East Bridge water, Ma*s., has eaten, but one meal a . day for thirty years. He is 54 years of'. age, perfectly healthy, and does as mush work as average farmers around him. In a deep test bore, at Bloomingtoa, Ind., Potsdam sandstone has been reached at a depth of 2,450 feet. It is snnnosed to hp the stratum rrf fin* stone which crops out in Michigan and elsewhere. A JSew Haven gentleman, has one oi .{ '.he old 1462 3-pencc pieces coined in Boston, and as to which ifc was recently said none were known to be in existence. The first American coinage-war of this year. Indian Territory contains 68,991 square miles and has an Indian popnla- $ tion of 87,946. The Territory is larger than Missouri bv 10.000 aansra tnima. The vast tract should not long be devoted to a few Indians. The Japanese prison color is pink, as constant association with this color is supposed to create peculiar impressions upon the mind of the criminal which will exert an influence for good after lie has regained his liberty. The square in New York City bounded by Fourth street,Fifth street,Avenue A and First avenue is said to be the e most crowded spot on earth. Each side of this square is solidly composed}- ? of six-story tenement houses, each 25foot frontage and renresentinc fonr families on each floor. For many years a sealed box with instructions that it should cot be opened for twenty years from date of its sealing was "kicked around" in the Massachusetts Secretary of State's office, a nuisance to everybody until the allotted time expired. It was then * opened, and found to contain papers relating to the potato rot In the plains of India at the commencement of the monsoon, storms occur in which the lightning runs life snakes all over the sty at the rate of three or four flashes in a second, and the thunder roars without a break for frequently one or two hours at a time. A Ye; it is very rare that any tree or animal is struck by the electric current. * The coachman mania has spread to Canada. A wealthy old lady residing at St Roehs, a suburb of Quebec, ana who has already been twice married, her last husband having been a prominent physician, is said to be about to take a third fins Dana m tne person ox her coachman. The youthful bride is only 74, while the groom has reached the mature age of 20. Marmalade made from banana skins is a novelty in Philadelphia. An enterprising Italian has opened a factory and employs about twenty Italian boys who father the basis of the marmalade, anaaa skins, from the gutters, and carry them to the factory. After the skins are washed they are ground up and put through a press, the pulp is thrown fitv.iv.and the meat of the atriw. after going through a cooking process with sugar and flavoring, becomes ft toothsome-looking jelly. Snubbed For Once. ; ??? ! Bismarck once had to bear a snub: from a young nobleman of the house of: HatzfelL This gentlemam, being left in charge of a legation during the ab-i sence of the Minister, sent home a dis-: patch embodying views favorable to the policy which the Chancellor had until then been pursuing toward the: country where the attache was resid-, -1 J ^ -Li-X ' ing. nut it so cuauceu uie 'juici ui tuolegation liad been summoned to Berlin; on purpose to receive instructions lor a' change of policy, so that when the at-' tache^s dispatch arrived it gave no' pleasure in Wilhelmstrasse, and the Chancellor spoke testily of its writer as a "Schafskopf." Hearing this, the at-, tache resigned. He was a young mail' of high spirit, who had many friends at Court, and it was pointed out to the Chancellor by an august peacemaker that the young fellow had not been very well treated. Somewhat grudgingly?for he does not like to make amends?the Chancellor was induced to send his secretary to the ex-attache offering to reinstate" him. But the recipient of. this dubious favor drew himself up stiffly and said: "Germany has not fallen to so low a point that she needs to be served by Schafskopf. and for the rest you may tell the Chancellor that I have not been trained to turn somniersaults."?Temple Bar. Lived ia His Satchel. A tall Kentuckian came aboard a train bound for New Orleans. He was soon on speaking terms with one-half of the occupants of the car, and informed them that he was going to speed three or fonr weeks at the Exposition. ^ "les, san, ne saia, "i m gumg w put in a month, and will live in my satchel thah, just as I used to when I was traveling the circuit with a hoss. I nevah encumbah myself with a trunk, sab. Tm all prepared for a month's trip, and I have everything I need ri^bt byab in my satc&e^" Half an hoar later the tall Kentuekian finished tc ling. a good story, and was so pleased with it himself that he in* ' vited his acquaintances to join him in tasting a little "good Bo'bon County whisky made in '73." The satchel was opened up, and .the amused travelers saw that it contained six large bottles of bourbon, four boxes of cigars, and nothing more. But it was royal good whiskv. - mm ^ Tiberias is the only town of any size on the Sea of Galilee to-day. It is a mainly Hebrew settlement of 3?000 or 4,000 semi-barbarians, surrounded by a ruinous old wall that is manifestly Roman. Half a dozen tired-looking palm trees rise above the roofs of the squalid buildings, serving..only to emflio Hnicorstl rfpsnloliAn. Tka | lake itself is really beautiful. v.'