The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, September 08, 1883, Image 1
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TRI-WEEKLY EDITION.
WINNSBORO. S. 0.. SEPTEMBER 8. 1883.
ESTABLISHED 1848
SO HE DATS.
Borne days there are when life and love
Seem best of gifts from heaven above;
Some days when sky and cloud and sea
Bring sweetest thoughts of life to me;
Some days heartaches but triHeA seem,
And haunting care an idle dream;
Some days.
But clouds may cover the bluest sky,
And tears ’ueath the Hottest lashes lie,
Rough winds may ruiMe the smoothest sea;
Forever hid is life’s mystery;
Though lightly to us life’s burdens fall,
The sorrow o£ others must sadden all—
/ Some days.
Why should grass be green and skies be
blue *
When life is dreary and love untrue?
Why do sunsets fade and nights grow cold?
Why do friends prove false and hearts
grow old?
Oh! life seems cruel and God but a dream
And death far sweeter than .ife, I deem—
Some days.
Forever I follow a vision falf,
But never shall mine be its presence rare;
For fate is mocking, and hope is vain;
And my heart cries out in desolate pain,
“Has God no thought for the pain below?”
O heart sore tried, shall we not know
Some days?
THE MYSTERIOUS I.EGACY.
My grandfather was a aea captain—
not a mere claimant of ttie title, like
the watermen of the lakes and coast
skippers wno never get out of sight of
land, and who, if they got there, could
never get back—but a genuine “old
salt,” trained from boyhood under a
tarpaulin hat, and as familiar with the
“paths of the sea,” as a shepherd is
with those of the sheepwalk. Spending
his life on extensive voyages, he was
seldom at home long enough at a time
for the salt spray to dry on his weather
beaten cheeks-, and there was hardly a
i>ort on the habitable globe in which he
could not shake hands with an old ac
quaintance, civilized or savage,
Of course his history was crowded
with curious incidents. Most of these,
at which my childish ears tingled and
my eyes dilated, have become so faded
in memory as to be incapable of a toler
able narration. The tollowing, how
ever, made a more lasting impression:
During the calm between the Old
French war and the American revolu
tion, a large ship was lying at a wharf
in the town of New York, loaded with
a valuable cargo and ready to sail for
Liverpool, and thence to whatever part
of the globe the chances of commerce
might dictate.
This was my grandfather’s ship, only
waiting for her papers and a fair wind.
The papers were soon ready, and short
ly after them came a breeze. Presently
everything on board was in active pre
paration—the casting off and coiling of
ropes, the unfurling of canvas, and the
running up of sailor lioys among the
ratlines like spiders on their webs;
while the sharp, imperative orders of
the mate, and Uie hearty “ye-hoy-yei 1 ”
of the cheerful crew echoed over the
rippling waters, which looked in the
rays of the setting sun as if it was cov-
ered with a cream of liquid gold.
Just before the last plank was hauled
in, a stranger stepped hurriedly on
board and inquired for the captain’s
state-room. Being conducted hither,
lie entered, and with a slight bow, ac
costed the captain, who sat writing at
his desk:
“You are for Liverpool, I believe,
sir?”
“Yes, sir.”
“I am in poor health, and, intending
to spend the winter in Italy, wish to
get passage in the iirst ship that sails
for Europe. Will you take a passen
ger?”
“Yes, sir, if my accommodations will
suit you.”
“Nlo matter about accommodations,
captain. I am an old sailor, and know
how to accommodate myself. Besides,
the trim of your ship suits my eye.”
The allusion to his ill health attract
ed my grandfather’s scrutiny, and the
introduction of himself as an old sailor
touched his heart. On noticing him
more particularly, he was struck with
an undetinable feeling of curiosity and
sympathy at his appearance. Tall,
straight and rather slender, he was
dressed in fine black broadcloth, with a
sort of Spanish cloak of the same color
and quality. A two-edged sword, com
mon on shipboard at that time, and
improperly called a cutlass, was partly
covered by his cloak and hung by his
side without a sheath. His hair was
quite gmy, and his manly features
would have been handsome had they
not been so emaciated as to give un
pleasant prominence to half a dozen
deep scars on his face. His eyes were
blue and full of expression, but restless
at times, showing a sudden abstraction.
The looseness of one of his black gloves
gave evidence that he had lost a huger
or two from his left hand. These ob
servations were made by the captain
while the stranger was looking at a
beautiful sextant on the table, Turn
ing, as if startled at his forgetfulness,
he resumed:
“Name the price, captain, and I will
pay it now.”
My grandfather had already tixed
the price in his mind, and replied:
“You are a sailor, sir, and sick. The
accommodations of my ship, as wed as
my services, are at your free com
mand.”
The language of a sailor's heart can
not be misunderstood, and knows no
interpreter; and the stranger knew that
remonstrance would be ungenerous on
his part. He made-no reply, Gut eager
ly extended his hand, and my grand
lather, as he shook it, thought he saw
a tear in the stranger’s eye. But noble
hearts ai-e impatient of exhibitions of
gratitude,and he quickly added:
“1 am ready to sail, air. is your
baggage on board?”
“Thu: is all my baggage, sir,” ho re
plied, showing him a small black satcnel
under his cloak.
Leading him to a state room the cap
tain left him and went on deck, and
found the ship already under way, the
sails tilled with a stiff breeze, and
wharves, warehouses and spectators
fast growing smalt in the distance. At
length, as darkness shut in the view,
the wind, increased to a gale, and from
a gale to a tempest; and for ten days
and nights the noble ship which had
ploughed the seas of every latitude,
from Spitzenbergen to New Zealand,
underwent such a conflict with the ele
ments as she had never before encoun
tered. During all this time, the stran
ger had been confined below with an
apparently rapid consumption, which
rough weather had swiftly matured.
During the storm the duties of the
captain were so urgent that he could
only make snatched and hasty visits to
the sick man; and although they could
have been spared from their quarters,
he could have hoped for little aid or
sympathy from any of the crew, who,
with the easy tendency to the supersti
tious peculiar to their class, had asso
ciated his presence with the perils of
the ship.
It would have required but slight en
couragement from their officers to in
duce them to pay him the same com
pliment that the sailors of Joppa paid
to Jonah, on a similar occasion, when
“The sea wrought and was tempestu
ous.”
But on the tenth night, just as the
captain was ready to answer a sum
mons to visit the sick man’s berth, the
storm ceased with a suddenness that
was startling; the wind was entirely
lulled; and.no evidence of its fury re
mained except the long swelling billows
of the sea—the deep after-sighs of its
mighty passion.
The sudden stilling, of the tempest,
and the mournful creaking of the spars,
now audible for the first time for many
days, forced a shade of melancholy over
my grandfather’s spirits, as he hast
ened down the gangway at the call of
the stranger.
As he seated himself beside the berth,
the sick man fixed his brilliant eye upon
him and said calmly:
“Captain, I am dying!”
“I hope not, my dear sir; this dread
ful gale has weakened you. It is over
now, and you will soon be better.”
“No, captain,” he repeated. “I am
dying! Tne tempest, I know, is over;
so is that other tempest in my breast!
The ship has long been tossed and bea
ten about by the fury of the waves, but
it has been sunshine and calm com
pared with that tempest, captain! But
it is all over, now—for I have forgiven
him—he has long been in the grave—
out I have forgiven him!”
My grandfather thought he was de-
lirous; but a second look at the deep
intelligence of his eye, and the smiling
calmness of his features, forbade the
conclusion. He gazed at him a moment
with mingled compassion and curiosity,
anxious to learn something of a history,
the closing scene of which was so dark
and mysterious, but was unwilling to
ask it. His look was interpreted, and
the stranger continued:
“I told you I wasa sailor. Of thirty-
five years 1 have not spent one on land.
But this was not my choice. Like a
ship, captain, my supports were knocked
from under me, and I was launched
upon the ocean. My father was an
English merchant in Cadiz, extensively
engaged in navigation. He lavishly
provided for my education. Having
iraversed .he halls of science, I left Ox
ford and returned to Spain at the age
of twenty. The first year of my free
dom from school I spent in rambling
over the mountains of that enchanting
country, in a deep inland dell, shut
out from the world, where the earth
was always green and the sky always
blue, I met, one day, a beautiful young
shepherdess—and loved her.
“I will not describe her charms, cap
tain, for you have been young, and a
heart that has loved needs not to be
told that to the eye of true affection its
object has no defects.
“My father learned my secret—but I
knew it not. I had a life-long secret
afterwards which he never learned! He
came to me one morning, smiled, and
said:
“ ‘My son, do you want to go to Cuba?’
“I eagerly answered in the affirma
tive; for it had been a cherished but
hitherto forbidden passion with me to
travel.
“One of my vessels sails to-morrow,”
he said, “and you may go.”
“This short interval allowed me no
time to bid farewell to my shepherdess,
who was fifty miles distant, nor even to
inform her of my departure; but I said
aloud; ‘I’ll soon be back,’ and many
other consolations.) I whispered to my
heart the next day while boundingover
the Atlantic.”
“The ship arrived in good time at
Havana, discharged her cargo, reload
ed and sailed for—Calcutta! 1 was a
prisoner on my father’s ship, and for
five long years I was kept from home—
as if all the water of the ocean could
wash out my love!”
“I escaped at length from the prison
ship, while lying at Kio, and took pas
sage in a French bark for the Guadal-
quiver. No circumnavigation of the
f lobe was ever so long as that voyage.
strained my eyes every day watching
for Gibraltar, which I knew was thous
ands of miles off; and every night I
dreamed of mountain rivulets, snowy
Hocks, and Ina.”
“Arriving at last at Seville, I hast
ened over the Nevada, and sought the
sunny dell where my affections had so
long nestled, and there found that the
idol of my heart was the wife of an
Andalusian shepherd! She had been
told that I had deserted her, and after
wards that I was dead. I did not weep,
for my heart was turned to stone, ‘My
father, said I, ‘shall never know of his
victory!’ I did not go to see him; it
was wicked, I know, but, burning with
the spirit of revenge, I turned again to
the sea, and never saw him more 1
am faint, captain, and cannot prolong
my tale. In six months I was master
of a large sailing vessel—you have seen
that vessel, captain, but never in port,
aqd I have often seen you, and knew
your name twenty years ago. But no
matter about that. My father contin
ued to freight his ships and send them
to different parts of the world—but he
never knew that I superintended a large
part of his business, and that many of
his cargoes found a sale in ports to
which tuey had never been consigned.
His agents sometimes failed to report.
•“I have said enough, captain; before
tomorrow’s sun sets, I shall be in the
caverns of the deep. But I have for
given him and do not complain. I have
a fortune in the bank of England, but
with it is deposited a will, and the or
phan son of Ina is my heir,
“You have been kind to me, captain,
and in token of gratitude I beg you to
accept my watch and cutlass, and this
paper, which you will carefully pre
serve.” So saying, he held out a folded
scrap of paper, which my gfandtather
put into his pocket
Morning diawned—but the stranger’s
eyes did not open upon it—they were
closed forever. In the afternoon the
“burial service at sea,” that most
solemn of sea scenes, was performed—
and the shrouded body of the pirate,
with a gentle plunge, broke the glassy
surface of the ocean, and sank swiftly
into its mysterious depths.
It was many hours afterwards that
my grandfather bethought himself of
the paper in his pocket. He opened it
and read as follows:
“Captain Lane: On th««aoteui point
of Nantucket, at high-water mark, is a
tall, sharp cliff. A quarter league due
west from that cliff is a large, round
stone, and near the stone a thorubush.
That bush grows ina very rich soil.”
_,The duties of his station kept my
grandfather a long time abroad, and
when he was in Boston about two
years afterwards, and having a few
days of leisure, he was thinking about
acting upon the hint of the enigmatical
paper, when his eye happened to fall on
the following paragraph in the old Bos
ton Messenger:
“Wonderful Discover y.—As Mr.
John Rogers was breaking a piece of
pasture ground on the coast of Nan
tucket, about a month ago, his plough
share turned up a stout thorubush,
sticking to the roots of which Mr. Rog
ers spied several Spanish dollars. Upon
this he went to digging lustily, and did
not give up till he iiad hauled out coins,
chiefly Spanish doubloons, of more than
$23,000 value. No doubt it was buried
by Captain Kidd or some of his piratic
kin.”
“No dyubt,” thought my grand
father, as he put down the paper with a
slight nervousness. In a week he was
again facing the storms of the ocean,
enriching his employers by his skill and
toil, till infirmities finally drove him
higu and dry on shore. There, in due
time, he died of old age, leaving little
to his family, except ihe pirate’s cut
lass which three generations of boys
have used in their iuveuile “training,”
and which, rusted and blunted, may
now be seen in the office of his great-
grandson, a lawyer of New Y'ork.
He Couldn't H ip It.
What Paralysis is.
Two flashily dieted young men with
enormous diamond pins on their expan
sive shirt-fronts and seal-rings on their
little fingers large enough for paper
weights, sauntered into a confectionery
the other day, and leaned against the
counter to wait until the numerous
other customers had been disposed of.
A young fellow who had just been in
dulging in a dish of ice-cream in the
parlor at the rear of the store, came
out to the counter, fumbled in his
pocket a minute or two and finally said,
“Guess I must have left my purse at
home this time.”
“Here, none of that,” said the pro
prietor, stepping out from behind the
counter, “you’ll have to pay the cash,
and you’d better do it right away and
save trouble.”
“I’ll drop in to-morrow and see about
it,” said the impecunious devourer of
ice-cream, who hadn't supposed that
the proprietor would make a fuss when
his store was full of people.
“No you don’t,” said the proprietor,
grabbing him across the counter, “we
don’t trust, and if you don’t shell out
the cash right on the spot, I’ll—
He was suddenly interrupted by the
queer proceedings of one of the two
young men, who pc’led out an elegant
gold watch held it up to his ear to see if
it was going, and then dropped it de
liberately on the floor. Everybody in
the store clustered about him as he
picked the watch up and opened it to
show that it had stopped running.
“Sam,” said he, turning to his com
panion with a horrible grin on his coun
tenance and his lower lip curled out
like a drooping cabbage leaf, “Sam,
why is dis here watch jes like de store
we’s in now?”
“Why isdat watch jes like de store
we’s in now?
Well i don’t know. Why is dat ar,
watch like de store we’s in now?”
“Case dere ain’t no tick here,” and
the bejeweled young men grinned until
their mouths looked like two Russian-
leather liiled satchels, and rolled their
eyes until they presented the appear
ance of rubber balls bobbing around in
a barrel of mortar. Suddenly the two
young men looked at each ether,
started as though they had just waked
up from some horrible dream, and hen
walked out in step.
“There’s a hundred and fifty dollars’
worth of watch gone to thuuder,” said
one end-man to the other, as they reach
ed the sidewalk, “but I couldn’t help
it, it came on me all at once, like the
nightmare.”
The prdprietor is still waiting for the
impecunious young man to come back
and pay for his ice-cream.
Th« Old—t 5»mk NotM.
The oldest bank notes are the “flying
money,” or “convenient money,” first
issued in China. 2d97 B. C. Originally
these notes were issued by the Treasu
ry, but experience dictated a change to
the system of banks under Government
inspection and control. A writer in a
provincial paper savs that the early
Chinete “greenbacks” were in all es
sentials similar to the modem bank
notes, bearing the name of the bank,
the date of issue, the number of the
note, the signature of the official issuing
it, indications of its value in figures, in
words, and in the pictorial representa
tion of coins or heaps of coins equal
in amount to its face value, and a no
tice of the pains eau penalties of conn
terfeitiug. Over and above all was a
laconic exhortation to sndustry and
thrift—“Produce aii you can; spend
with economy. ” The notes were printed
in blue ink on paper made from the
fibre of the mulberry tree. One issued
in 1399 B. C. is preserved in the Asiatic
Museum at St. Fetersburg.
So common has become the occur
rence of paralysis in recent years that
many use the word for a slang expres
sion; but for all that it is probable that
a vast majority of the people who think
at all of paralysis reckon that it is a
disease of itself. That some medical
men so regard this condition is plain
from the fact that deaths are frequently
certified to have been caused by it.
The incorrectness of this notion will,
however, be plain when the conditions
which give rise to paralysis are clearly
set forth, and this we how propose.
A carpenter, blacksmith or some
mechanic, whose business requires him
to wield a hammer, finds some morn
ing that he is unable tp. raise his ham
mer arm, or perhaps wMile at work, the
man suddenly feels h«s arm become
numb and wwak, it falls to his side and
ne 4s no longer able to work. The
doctor to whom the man applies says a
“brachial monoplegia from muscle
tire,” which means simply that the
man has overwrought his hammer arm
and it needs rest. To these cases the
very appropriatej name of “artisans’
palsy” is given. Again, a poor-blooded,
nervously-constructed person, most
likely a woman, meets with a great
shock or lias to endure an unusual and
prolonged mental or physical effort.
Soon, and perhaps without warning,
the individual loses the use of some
part of the body, often of the vocal
apparatus, and the patient is unable to
speak above a whisper. The doctor
says “hysterical paralysis” or “hysteri
cal aphonia,” loss of voice. Upw just
how this comes about we fancy it would
puzzle the most learned doctor to say.
Concerning this condition, however, as
well as the one before mentioned, this
much is known, viz,: that by appropri
ate treatment they recover perfectly
and promptly, very good evidence that
no part of the nervous apparatus is
broken. The faith cures mentioned
from time to time are probably cases
of the kind last mentioned.
It sometimes happens that an intox
icated person will fall asleep with the
head resting upon'the arm or with the
arm hanging over a chair back. When
the person wakens the Ann is numb; it
tingles and is paralyzed—another
“brachial monoplegia,"but really pres
sure upon the trunk? * of the nerves
which supply the disabled member has
affected those nerves so that they are
unable to perform their usual duty.
The nerves which go out from the
brain and spinal cord to the extremities
are quite comparable to the wires
which are stretched from place tp
olaee for electric communication, and
pressure upon or section of those nerves
produces results very Bke those which
follow an interference with the wire.
The case just given <fe»ostrates very
well a large number of cases—of palsy
from pressure, for pressure upon the
brain or spinal chord or the nerves
which have their exit therefrom will
produce a palsy whose extent will de
pend upon the extent of the pressure
and whose curability will depend upon
the chances for removing the pressure.
Pressure upon the^nerves which supply
one side of the face produces a very
characteristic paralysis and one that
causes many laughable mistakes on the
part of tyros and non-professional peo
ple by their attempts to detect the af
fected side. Pressure upon the brain
or spinal chord is mostly due to the
presence of tumors, to fiaotures of the
skull or bones of which the backbone
is formed and to blood clots within the
skull or spinal canal. Patients who
recover from diptheria, scarlet fever
and some other acuts sicknesses are
frequently paralyzed in some part.
These cases generally recover by ap
propriate treatment, and it is quite
probable that many cases would re
cover spontaneously. The remarks
before made concerning certain cases
which recover wqll applies equally to
the cases just mentioned.
People who work in lead are liable
to a peculiar form of paralysis, which
is first seen, as a rule, in the muscles
of the forearm, on account of which
the patient is unable to extend the
hand upon the arm. At times the
whole muscular system is involved.
Change of occupation and the use of
remedies which will assist the elimina
tion of the mineral from the system is
the proper course for such patients.
Analagousforms of paralysis are caused
by arsenic ard mercury, probably by
their action upon the nerve structure
of the spinal cord. Woorara, the In
dian arrow poison, will also produce
paralysis if introduced into the system
in sufficient quantities. The paralysing
effect of large doses of alcohol are well
known. Certain conditions of the cir
culatory apparatus predispose to exten
sive and often incurable panlysis.
The arteries are lastic tubes. 3y age,
hard work, care, and the prolonged use
of alcoholic drinks, these tubes lose
tneir elasticity and become brittle.
By some event which determines an
unusual quantity of blood to the brain
one of these now inelastic tubes is
broken, the poured-out blood clots, as
before mentioned, and a paralysis im
mediately follows.
Owing to certain systematic condi
tions fibrin, a substance normally sus
pended in the blood, lodges upon the
flood-gates — valves — of the heart.
Presently a part of this matter is dis
lodged and washed rway into the blood;
perchance it reaches an artery in the
brain which ./111 not permit it to pass.
This at once cuts off the blood supply
from a part of the brain. These pa
ralyses are usually extensive and are
not readily distiuguLshed from those
just mentioned.
The pr'oence of worms in the bowels
of children is believed to produce pa
ralysis in some cases. .Such cases
being due to a known removable cause
are described as reflex paralyses. These
are not seen alone in cliildren, but in
adults as well. Finally, change in the
structure of the brain or spinal cord
produce paralysis, varying in extent
with the extent of nerve structure in
volved. Such paralyses are especially
obstinate in those of advanced years.
Change of structure in the spinal cord
usually produces disability in the legs.
Now, these are the most common
causes of paralysis and, from what lias
been said, it will be observed that pa
ralysis is not a disease of itself. Neither
is it always incurable.
MidulKht Saunara In Norway.
Wayfarers on the coast of Norway
are classed as ‘rivers,’ ‘rods,’ ‘tourists’
and ‘midnight sunners.’ The first
class comprises the renters of salmon
streams, the second the occasional visi-
tors of the first, the third are those who
now and then leave the steamer and
l»euetrate into the interior, and the last
consists of those who go direct to the
North Cape by the excellent steamers
starting from Molde or Throndhjem,
and having for their professed main
objects the sight of the midnight sun
and the satisfaction of standing on the
most northern point of Europe. The
sequence in which these classes are
enumerated indicates their relative so
cial importance and the degree of res-
pect they receive in the tourist world.
Notwithstanding that the midnight
sunner is lowest on the scale, his lot is
one by no means to be despised, and
there is good reason for believing that
when this eminently comfortable, inter
esting and economical route becomes
better known in Great Britain the ig
norance which Is there so pretty gener
ally diffused regarding the part of Nor
way within the arctic circle will be
come dissipated by the tourists who
will seek those regions in as great flocks
as those who now seek the Highlands,
and Islands cf Scotland. From the
20th of June to the 18th of July the
Berganke and Nordenfjeldike Steam
ship Company starts a boat from Molde
every Wednesday, and from Throndh
jem every Thursday. These ports can
be reached direct either from Hull, or
Newcastle or Leith’ steamers being
changed at Bergen and Christiansand.
The boats are In every respect comfort
able and even luxurious. A good table
is kept and the comfort of passengers is
in every way considered. Leaving
Throndhjem in the evening, the steamer
coasts in sight of the magnificent
mountain ranges of the mainland till
the Island of Torghatten is reached,
where the tourist is landed, and has
ample time to visit the caverns or tun
nel which perforates the rock. Wind
ing in and out among numberless moun
tainous islands, occasionally creeping
through sounds little broader than twice
the breadth of the ship, and skirting
‘The Seven oisters of Alstenoe’ and
Hestmandoe, the boat arrives at the
‘Glacier Svartisen,’ where again a land
ing is effected, and this immense ioe
river can be easily visited. Bodo is
generally reached on Saturday morning,
whence the course is laid over the West-
fjord, and in about four hours the tour
ist finds himseli among the wonderful
scenery of the Lofoten islands. The
visit to this grand region is by no means
a perfunctory one, for the steamer
threads its way through narrow chan
nels to the west coast, and after skirt
ing its great mountain ranges it again
reaches the east coast by the wondrous
“Rafte Sound.” On Sunday the pleas
ant town of Trotnsoe is reached, whore
a party of Lapps, with their reindeer,
are brought down from the mountains
for the inspection of the tourists. On
the following day the ship anchors at
Haminerfest for a couple of hours, and
then sails for the North Cape. Here
the passengers can ascend the cape,
after which the return journey is begun,
and the boat by constant steaming, with
a short detour into the Lynjen Fjord,
arrives at Molde on the following Sun
day. The sun never sinks below the
horizon for many nights during the
most northern part of the trip, and it
is needless to say that the effects pro
duced are most picturesque and extra
ordinary. The rate of passage from
Throndhiem to the North Cape and
back, provisions included, is £12. This
for ten days of a most pleasant and no
vel experience. The whole trip from
England and back need not exceed £30.”
Family Expense*.
After religion and politics there is
nothing about which intelligent people
differ so radically as what they call the
cost of living. A skilled man in some
department of business will earn sever
al thousand dollars a year, spend noth
ing on wine, women or horses, yet always
be in debt. Some acquaintance of his,
with similar salary and a large family,
lives comfortably, sends his boys to col
lege, drives a good horse and has a snug
little bank account. There are mechan
ics earning two dollars a day who com-
fortly feed and clothe a family of half
a dozen people, while some of their fel
low workmen, married, but without
children, live meanly, \ ear shabby
clothes on Sundays and are occasionally
ejected from their homes for non-pay
ment of rent. The principal cause of
the difference may almost always be
found iu the family larder, and the fam
ily wardrobe. Americans whether rich
or poor, know but little more about
economy in food than an equal number
of savages. Some families must break
fast either on beef-steak or mutton-
chops; others will serve just as much
meat and make it just as palatable at
a quarter of the expense of choice cuts
because well cooked. Temperament has
much influence on the larder. Excita
ble people will eat twice as much with
out satisfying their hunger, as those of
better physical balance, yet they will
not do more work. Some wives will
save the price of a ton of coal by renew
ing for one of the children an old dress
or suit of clothes; some others, seeming
to be destitute either of tact, skill or
inclination, must buy everything new
or go without. Economy is a science
which quite a numherof men and wom
en have mustered by close observation
and diligent practice; others do not seem
to know of its exintence. A few days
ago a couple of ladies who had been re
fitting their parlors compared notes.
One had spent just $150 and the other
nearly $1,500 and the cheaper parlor
was the prettier. I’, takes longer to
learn economy than to learn a trade,
but when learned it is the most consol
ing science in existence, no matter how
much or bow little money its devotee
may have.
Rower of Water
Stevenson, the great engineer, con
ducted on the West Coast of Scotland
a series of experiments to ascertain the
force exerted by waves, and he found
the average force for the five summer
months to be 611 pounds per square
foot, and for the six winter months 2,-
086 pounds. He mentions that the
Bell Rock Lighthouse, 112 feet high, is
sometimes in spray from ground-swells
when no wind is blowing, and that on
November 20, 1827, the spray was
thrown to a height of 117 feet—equiva
lent to a wave pressure of nearly three
tons per square foot; while during a
gale in March, 1845, his dynamometer
registered a pressure of 6,083 pounds
per square foot. He has also recorded
that a rock of forty-two tons on one of
the Hebrides was gradually moved 5
feet m a storm. Hagan has reported
the moving by waves of a block of con
crete weighing probably 125 tons.
Experts swimmers say that the rea
son a man cannot long survive in a
choppy or lumpy sea is that the contin
ual pounding of the waves against his
body uses him up and knocks his wind
out, just as blows from a boxer’s fist
do. The waves move almost as solid
bodies, and a comparatively small one
weighs a great many pounds, so that
in buffeting with a choppy sea a swim
mer receives the impact of successive
blows heavy enough to quickly exhaust
him, aud actually pound his life out in
a short time. Anybody who has been
kuooked over by a breaker on the beach
can form some idea of the weight and
force of water in motion.
The power of water under pressure is
more familiar to most persons, as illus
trations are continually to be seen at
tires in the effects of hose streams di
rected against walls and windows. But
to fully appreciate this, one needs to
witness the operation of hydraulic min
ing in the West. The steam from a
monitor nozzle will tear a hill all to
pieces at a marvellous rate and wash
away bowlders like chips. Across the
Washoe Valley in Nevada are laid
pipes to convey water from Marlette
Lake to Virginia City, the depression
in the line being 1,720 feet, which gives
a pressure on the pipes of 800 pounds to
the square inch. A stream of water
coming through a break in the joint no
larger than a knitting needle bores
through rock like a sandblast. The
flying water is as hard asi ron, aud feels
rough like a file to the touch. It is
impossible to turn it with the hand, as
it tears the flesh from the bones, aud if
the fingers are stuck into the stream
with the points up the nails are instant
ly turned back, aud sometimes torn
loose from the flesh.
The tremendous power of water has
not been utilized to any great extent in
doing the work Wf the world, the tur
bine wheel, the cotton press and the
hydraulic nozzle being the principal ap
pliances to which it has been adapted,
but no doubt human ingenuity will one
day devise a harness for the ocean and
compel the billow’s, that now tear down,
to aid in building up. Man has not
learned to use half the forces of nature
that are at his hand, clamoring for
work to do, aud of all these unemployed
powers the wave is the most tangible
and dircat in action.
EDIiiok.
Fishing was a far earlier mode of
supporting human life than agriculture.
However far back in the stream of ter
restrial events we may suppose it allow
able to carry the date of appearance on
the scene, still he must have been pre
ceded by fish. The rivers, lakes, aud
seas, when he first looked upon them,
must have been peopled very much as
they are at this day. There was as
great a variety of species, and probably
much the same infinitude of individuals
in some of those species. And as a
savage population must be always sparse,
and in any locality few in number,
their supply of food from this source
could only have been limited by their
inability to capture it. What the wild
game of the forest and of the open
plains were to the inland hunting tribes,
the fish of the fresh and of the salt wa
ter were to the riverine and the mari
time tribes. Between these early days
and the first beginning of agriculture
vast periods of time must have elapsed.
First, because in these, and more or less
in all latitudes, nature offered to man
no plant that in its unimproved state
was worth cultivating. The suitable
form had to be evolved or created by
long processes of observation and selec
tion. This is why we know nothing of
the parentage of wheat, barley, oats,
rye, beans, or maize, and why the trop
ical bread-fruit, plantabi, banana, and
sugar-cane have lost the power of pro
ducing seed, and so of reproducing
themselves; this must have been a re
sult of long ages of human selection.
Nothing of the kind had to be dons for
fish, There it was as fit for human
food on the first day that man stood on
the river bank of the sea-shore as it is
at this day. Agriculture also required
implements to clear and stir the ground
and to gather in the crops with, and
these implements we know were the re
sult of a long series of discoveries, im
provements, and advances. Primeval
man, therefore, as we now read his his
tory, could not have lived by, or known
anything of agriculture. Nor could he
have lived by wild fruits, for they are
not continuous throughout the year.
They have their season, and that a brief
one. He muct then have lived by hunt-
log and fishing; and of the two fishing
would be the most continuous and un
failing throughout.tbe changing seasons,
the most valuable of all qualities for
those ill-supplied times. It would not
be more difficult to book, and spear,
and net, and trap fish, aud to gather
mollusks from the rooks and sand-banks
than to trap or pierce with arrows wild
game. Our immediate comparison,
however, Is with agriculture; and we
may be sure that not in it were the
. jundations of society laid, but in hunt
ing and fishing, and that of these two,
as the great carnivora at first had pos
session of the forest and the plain
against intruding man, fishing waa the
main primeval occupation ana means of
subsistence,
THE VERDICT
-or—
THE PEOPLE
BUY THE BEST!
Mr. J. O. Boxu—Dear Sir: I bought the ilrat
Darla Machine eold by you over five year* ago for
my wife, who hat given It a long and fair trial. I
am well pleased with It. It never gives any
rouble, and la aa good at when flrat bought.
J. W. UOLICE.
Wtnnxboro, S. C., April 1883.
Mr. Boas: Tou wish to mow what I have to say
in regard to the Davis Machine bought of you three
years ago. I feel 1 can’t aay too much in its favor.
I made about S80,no within five months, at times
running it so fast that the needle would get per
fectly hot from friction. I feel conddenl I could
not have done the same work with as much ease
and so well with any other machine. No time lost
In adjusting attachments.. The lightest rnnniag
machine I have ever treadled. Brother James and
VV imams’ families are as much pleased with their
Davis Machines bought of you. I wsut no better
machine. As I said before, I don’t think too
much can be said for the Davis Machine.
Respectfully,
Ellen stevenson,
Fairfield County, April, 1888.
Mk. bo*o: My machine gives me perfect sails' 1
faction. I find no fault with it. The attachments
a’ * so simple, i wish for no better than the Davis
Vertical Feed.
Respectfully.
„ . % Mas. R. Millino.
Fairfield county, April, 1883.
Mr. Boao: i bought a navis Vertical Feed
ewing Mtchlne from you four years ago. 1 am
ellghted with it. U never has given me any
rouble, and has never been the least out of order.
It Ip as good as when I first bought it. I can
cheerfully recommend U.
Respectfully,
Mas, M. J. Kireland.
Montlcello, April SO, 1883.
This Is to certify that I have been using a Davis
Vertical Feed Sewing Machine for over tw jyears,
purchased of Mr. J. O. Boag. I haven’t found 11
possessed of any fault—all the attachments are so
simple. It never refuses to work, and is eercsluly
ths lightest running In tbt market. I consider It
a first class machine.
Very respectfully,
Minnie M. Willinobam.
Oakland, Fairfield county, 8. C.
Mr Boao : t am wen pleased m every particui
with the Davit Machine nought of you. I think
a first-class machine In every respect. Yon knew
you sold seversl machines of the same aiake to
different members of our families, all of whom,
as far as I know, are well pleased with them.
Respectfully,
Mrs. M. H. Most.by.
Fairfield county, April, 1883.
Thu Is to certify we nave nad in oonsunt use
the Davis Machine bought of you about three years
ago. As we take In work, and have made the
price of It several times over, we don’t want suy
better machine. It Is always ready to do any kind
of work we nave to do. No puckering or skipping
stitches. We can only say we are well pleased
ana wish no better machine,
Catherine Wylie and Sieteb.
April 35,1888,
I have no fault to And with my machine, and
don’t want any better. I have mile the price of
It severs times by taking in sewing. It Is al ways
ready to do its work. Ittnatt It a first-class ma
chine. I feel I can t say too much for the Davis
Vertical Feed Machine.
Mas, Thomas Smith.
J-’alrfield county, April, 1883.
Mr. J. O. Boas—Dear Sir: It givee me much
pleasure to testify to tne merlti of the Davis Ver
tical Feed Sewing Machine. The machine I got of
you about five years ago. baa beau almoat In con-
siant uae ever since that lime. I cannot see that
it is worn any, and has not cost me one cent for
repairs since we have had it. Am well pleased
and don’t wish for any better.
Yours tru'y,
Kobt. Crawford,
Granite Qi arry, near Wlnnaboro S. C.
We have used the Davu Vertical Feel Sewing
Machine for the last live yeara We would not
have any other make at any price. The machine
has given us unbounded satisfaction.
Very respectfully,
Mas. W. K. Turner and DauohtersI
Fairfield county, S. C„ Jan. Si, 1883.
Having bought a Davis Vertical Feed Sewing
Machine from Mr. J. O. Boag some three rears
ago, and It having given me perfect satisfaction In
every respect as a family machine both for heavy
and light sewing, and never needed the least re
pair lu any way, 1 can cheerfully recommend It to
aay one as a first-class machine In every particu
lar, and think It second to none. It la one ot the
simplest machines made; my children use It with
all ease. The attachments are more easily ad
justed and It doe* a greater range of work by
means of its Vertical Feed than any other ma
chine I have ever seen or used.
Mas. Thomas owinqa
Wlnnsboro, Fairfield county, S. C.
We have had one of the Davis Machines about
four years and hava always round It ready to do all
kinds of work we nave had occasion to da Can’t
see tbst the machine la worn any, and works as
well as wSen new.
Mas. W. J. Crawford,
.Jackson’s Creek, Fairfield county, 8. C.
My wife is highly pleased with the Davis Ma
chine bought of you. She would not take double
wnai she gave for It. The maculae bee out
been out of order since she had It, and she can do
any kind of work on U.
Very Respectfully,
Jas. F. Fi'be.
Montlcello. Fairfield county, 8. C.
The Davis Sewing Machine Is slmpiv a treas
ure Mas. J. A. UOODWTN.
Ridgeway, N. C., Jan. 10, 1883.
•f.o Bo ao, Esq., Agent—Dear sir: My wtfr
has ueen using a Davis Sewing Machine constant
ly for the past four years, ana it has never needed
any repairs an i works Just as well as when first
bought. She says It will do a greater range ot
practical work »nd do it easier and better than
any machine she oas ever used. We cheerfully
recommend It as a No. 1 family machine,
Your ttuj,
Jas. q. Davis.
Wlnnsboro, 8. C., Jas. 3,1883.
Ma. Boaq : I nave always found my Darts Ma
chine ready do alt kinds of to work I have had oc
casion todo. I cannot see that the machine Is
worn i particle and it works as wed as when new.
Respectfully,
Maa R. c. goodino.
Wlnnsboro, S. C., April, 1883,
bought of you about five years
Mr. Boas : My wife has been constantly using
the Davis Machine T
a zo. I have never
-‘ways
or
have never regretted baying It, as a is
.-eedy for any kind of fam fly sewing, either
heavy or light. It is never out of fix or needing
i Spain.
Very respectfuffy
A. W. Lads.
Fair-eld, a C., March, IMfi,
J gsa