Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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A HodeHt 9*uif»on. julght aud Air tor Hohm t’laiiU. Eider mw&ltei *afAAt JiaWaOttd alttw iiiMa— yMaiucaiMiM ttutikliiaim iiaMiwMti §i AGUIUULTUBK. DOMESTIC. tatermarrla ge« «f Dleedeea. A Terrible Tragedy. Steam Carpenter was bom in Wasb- ington County, New York. It is known that he has performed feats of strength unsurpassed by any man that has lived in undent or modern tim e s t excepting, of course the Biblical Samson. His occupation was that of a farmer. Being naturally of a very quiet, peaceable disposition, and a member of the So ciety of Friends, he never did anything for display to attract attention, but the feats of strength that he performed were done ihore to satisfy himself and to see how much he could lift than for anything else. All of his lifting was done by main strength, without har- nesa of any kind. Cue of his greatest feats was lifting a box filled with iron which weighed 1900 pounds, which is equal to lifting 3800 pounds in a har ness. He lifted it with ease with his hands by grasping a rope or chain which was bound around the box to secure 4. He did not know the weight of the l^pk of iron at the time, and was afterward heard to say that had he known it weighed so near a ton he r would have put on the other hundred pounds and lifted the whole. At another time he lifted a eaunnu that weighed 1400 pounds and shouldered it. At Comstock’s Lauding, on the Champlain ■Canal, near Whitehall, one day, while waiting for a load of merchandise, he lifted a barrel of white lead with ease. The writer of this article was an eye witness to this feat besides a number of others. His neighbors when killing hogs, if Steam happened to be around, would ask him to guess the weight of a hog just killed. If it happened to be a big one weighing 400 or 500 pounds he would stoop down and twist his fin gers into the bristles, and in that wav would lit! the carcass clear from the ground and guess at its weight. He performed one of the greatest feats of strength on record after he had reached the age of 75 years. He lifted two twenty-four-foot iron rails by grasping one in each hand, and walked off with thorn. The rails were resting on wooden horses, so he did not stoop down to lift them. One day in haying time he wjis going from the field with his men to the house for dinner. They were walking along the road together, when one of his men, for mischief, came up behind nun and by a skilful trip threw Carpenter down. He gath ered himself up and said nothing about it. He walked to the bouse, and after dinner, when returning to the field with his men, they came along to the place where the man gave him the fall. He suddenly turned upon the man, aud, grasping him by the shoulder and th 0 seat of his trousers, lifted him and hurled him high in the air above him and over a seven rail fence, by the side of which they happened to be walking. The man came down in the meadow a rod or more from the fence, considera bly shaken up, but hot badly hurt. Mr. Carpenter was not a gigantic man in size. He was about six feet tall, and appeared much less than that owing to his massive build. There was no superfluous flesh upon him, but the muscles of his arms, shoulders and neck seemed lo be piled upon him, so great was their sue. This gave him a s;oop- ing appearance. In a crowd a casual observer' would not be likely to pick him out for one of tbe strongest men that ever lived. His strengtli would equal if not surpass that cf the great Homan gladiator Milo. Helnlug at Tabic. When at last the work of carving is done, the delicate anu difficult duty of “helping” begins. There can be no peace of mind for the man who helps his family and his occasional guests to my food, except soup ana oysters, both of which can be accurately and fairly divided. In the case of chicken he can never give satisfaction. There Is no rule in this matter, beyond that of giving the chicken legs to the boys, which can be followed. To ask people what part cf the chicken they prefer is simply madness. Either everybody tells the truth, and demands the best cut, in which case all but one will be exasperated by failing to have their wish gratified, or everybody will reply, “any part,” “it makes no difference,” or words to tbe same mendacious and aggravating effect. Of course, when the man who says “it makes not differ ence" is helped to anytliing but the breast, he becomes an enemy of the carver for life, and nothing can'd isabuse him of the impression that he has been wantonly insulted. It is far better to boldly help people without making any pretense - of consulting their wishes. They will then regard the carver ae a rude and careless host; but they will acquit' him of any intontion to press open insult? on his guests^ Perhaps the most difficult person to deal with is the lady who says she “prefers a leg." In the presence of this most trying person the carver is almost cer tain to make a mistake. The chances are that ehe abhors chicken legs, and expresses, for the sake of politeness an alleged preference which she confident ly expects to be disregarded. To help such a one to a leg is to abuse her con fidence and secure her undying hatred. On -the other hand, if she is one of those rare women who really have an abnormal fondness fir legs, she feels herself outraged if legs are withheld from her, and decides that the carver is a selfish .brute, who has not sufficient decency to respect a lady’s wishes. We shall never know how many happy homes have been broken up, how many friends estranged, andiiow much miscellaneous misery has been suffered merely because the duty of carving h«j» beep placed in the hands of the fathers of American families. Plants will not grow without light, and will not thrive without fresh and pure air. But some plants require lees light than others, and some will do per fectly well without any sunshine. A knowledge of varieties of the habits and requirements of plants, is essential to the success of the window garden. Go to nature for this knowledge. Nature never makes a mistake. Her hints may be trusted implicitly. Find out iu what relations to sunshine and moisture plants grow in their native conditions. The primrose, nestling under hedges where its leaves are sheltered from t!ie sun and protected from the dew, where Us roots dip into the moisture of ditches, tells ns that we mast not let our prim rose pots stand too fully in the sun, no drench the leaves, nor let the roots dry up. The cactus, growing in hot sand plains, in climates where the rain falls one half the year, and the son shines ffercc'y the other half, has a lesson on its own leaves for those who would be successful in the treatment of cacti Most of the palms grow in forest jungles in the tropics, and mani festly heat, moisture, and shade are the requirements for palms, with fibrous earth full of decaying vegetable matter for their roots. So with all plants; one most know them intimately to entice them to their best expression in the window garden. All plants do not need sunshine; so if you have no sunny windows, do not despair of having pretty plants. Ferns, many of the palms, tradescantia or “wandering Jew,” ivies, and lycopodium do not need the sun. Fuchsias, begonias, lily of the valley, need but little sun, and many of our loveliest wild flowers grow belt when partially shaded. Bat all plants require fresh, pure air. Most plants thrive best in moist air. Gas is fatal to plants. These facts should be kept in mind. Many a drooping plant is crying out for air, and not for the deluge of water that you pour about its roots. Leaves drink as well as roots. And if leaves drink they must not only have good moist air to drink, but they must be kept clean, so that their mouth- pores may be able to take it in. A growing plant needs as much washing as a growing baby. Smooth-leaved plants need more washing than those that have rough leaves. Tho rough leaved plants have their pores protected from the dust by little forests of minute hairs, many of them need no Melting, but the dust should be frequently blown from them with the bellows or tho breath. Plants that are growing need much mors air and water than plants that are resting. Most flower ing plants exhaust themselves in bloom ing. When the last blossom has fallen the pot may be taken from the window aud set in an out of-the-way corner. There it will rest for a while. Then it will have a period of root growth, and by and by new shoots u_:‘ leaves will appear, which is a sign that it is ready for blooming again, and it may be placed once more in the full light of window. Tbe iVaiil)ington<;at«tPr. He is a character. He is usually a colored gentleman, and ho supplies families and single boarders with meals at so much per month. Twenty dollars a month x»er person is the average price, and for that turn he will bring to your rooms your breakfast and dinner in a square tin box every morning and evening for thirty days. This box is about two feet square with shelves in side of it of grated iron like those of a bake-oven in a cooking stove. It opens at the end, and the victuals are placed smoking on their shelv s, and the box is then closed ready for carrying. It is not the most pleasant way to live. Sometimes the food gets cold, the coffee pot tips into tho breakfast, and the salt and pepper are mixed with tbe preserves an$ the sugar. Sometimes a knife is forgotten, and others a napkin fails to make an appearance. After tryii g it a week or so, the boader often becomes disgusted and goes back to the boarding-house table of gossip, or takes his meals at one of tbe numerous restaurants to be found in every quar ters of the city. Thousands of people live at restaurants in Washington. Many members of Congress eat nowhere else. A meal can be gotten for from twenty-five cents up as high as you wish to go. The twenty-five cent meals are not to be praised, and thirty- five or fifty cents is the least for which one can get a passable breakfast or dinner. There are some restaurants where for eighteen or twenty dollars a month you can get two meals a day, but those of the better class cost more and the best range from one dollar a day upwards. Two meals a day is all that is included in board, aud tho greater number of people in Washing- tow eat no more, though many take lunches at noon. The rule is a good breakfast at 8 or 9 o’clock, a cup of ^coflee at 1, and a dinner, supposed to be a big meal, at 4 or 5 iu the alter- noon. Karens and Mierp. A Scotch grazier says aunog nine days, two ravens killed ne fewer than thirty strong full grown sheep. Their mode ot action was discovered to be as follows: Tbe mother-bird would fly on to the sheep’s face, fixing her claws below tbe eyes, and seizing the top of the head with her bill, would flap with ter wings and screams frightfully. Her mate, ever near, would, when the sheep waa so fixed, get on her back and dig a bole through to the kid neys. Tbe sheep, distracted and blinded, would sometimes run over the cliff, some times into a ditch, and sometimes fall down exhausted In no case were the ra vens known to leave their victims until life was extinct, snapping tbe windpipe to that end, when other means failed ; and in no case were they known to feed on the sheep’s carcass. The less of their young ones which had been killed, excited them to madness, and the sheep seemed to be the only living tfnng on which they could vent their rage. A writer in Troy, Kansas says meet of our older citizens will remcmlier Mose Kite (who lived in Petersburg Bottom), the hero of our State’s early political history, who was of stalwart build and powerful physique; who in 1858 led a colony of our people to Pike’s Peak; who fought the Indians on theplainsaud was shot through the body; who on his re turn here after the rebellion was converted and baptized by Elder Henahall, of the Christian church at Petersburg Bottom, and became a revi val preacher cf celebrity all through this section. They will also recall the fact that, attacked with consumption and re duced to a skeleton, he was obliged to remove to the Eockies in tbe hope of saving his life. None thought he would succeed. Last fall, however, the author of this article met him at the head of the Republican river, bigger and more ro bust than tver. “Why, I thought you had died of consumption long, long ago, Elder?” “Me? 1 never had consumption man! though people thought that was what ailed me, .and I thought sojmyself. But the doctors bad sent me on a wild-goose chase after a dozen other diseases, just as fatal, and this was the wildest one of all.” The good Elder then recounted to us, in a charming vein, his many adventures in the rough and ready life ho had led, “but,” he said, “remarkable as you may think my warlike life has been, I have a much more interesting story to tell you.” “You know what a rough, noisy fel low I used to be; and I could stand any hardship. Why, on a wager, I have knocked down an ox and a mule with my fist. I have fought ruffians, border outlaws and Indians; but I was dogged for years, by a more dangerous unseen enemy that was ever getting mo more completely in his clutches. I was shot by an Indian in a fight on the plains, but that wound healed readily and gave mo but little trouble. After ! returned to Kansas aud commenced preaching, I first began to give way. I had a dull teeling, accompanied with a pain in the right side. Dr. Butler, our family phy sician, said my liver was out of order, caused by the. malaria of the bottoms. I had always had au appetite like an ostrich, but my digestion became seri ously impaired. While on the circ lit preaching, I consulted a doctor, who said I hud dyspepsia. After that, dis tressing palpitation of the heart followed, and tue physician said this was caosed by my indigestion and diseased liver which would probably terminate fatally. Sometimes I had a ravenous .appetite, at others none at all. 1 was feverish and then chilly. My food seemed to do me no good. A specialist told mo 1 Uad a tape-worm 1 Then I was troubled with uumuial quantities of water and a Ire- quent desire to urinate, which was done with difficulty and great pain. The specialist said I hail a touch of the gravel, caused by use of the alkaline water of the plains. 1 then began to suffer severe pains in the loins and the small of the back, accompanied with sudden attacks of dizziness during which I had to sit or lie down, to avoid falling. 1 was iorced to abandon traveling and preaching because I could no longer ride on horseback, or trust myself out alone. I began to be seriously alarmed, and sought the advice of the most noted physician within reach, He said that my frequent horseback riding had jolted and jarred me until the old Indian wound, which had injured my kidneys, had become inflamed. He treated ine with medicines and electricity also but gave me no permanent benefit- My painful symptoms all returned, I began to cough, got very thin and my legs were disagreeably numb. I began to despair. At each attempt to cure, my ailments became M'orse, with new symp toms. l next consulted a celebra ed phjsician from the East, who, alter thumping and examining me, stated that 1 was iu an advanced stage of consump tion and threatened with diabetes and paralysis! He thought I might possibly prolong my life for a year or two, by seeking a higher and drier clima'e. This was my condition when the people m your part of the country last summer. Then I started for the Rockies but liked this country, and settled here. At first the change helped me, but about three years ago the benefit ceased. Tneu I faileu so rapidly that i could be out ot bed only part of each day. All my old symptoms returned. At this crisis, a party of Eastern gentlemen, on a buffalo hunt, made my house their headquarters. In the party was a Dr, Wakefield, who informed me that I hail a bud ease of incurable Bright s Disease and gave me a preparation which might, he said, ease me for a few weeks or months, but that was the best that could be done. I have commenced preaching again; for I look up the circumstances and manner of my care as a direct in terposition of Providence, and to Provi dence are my services due. That is my sicry. 1 think it is a good a romance— and much better, for it is true.” ntiDffv Ways. “1 see,” she obseived as she looked up from her paper, “lhat another woman who was perfectly sane all the time has been just released from a lunatic asylum aftir a de tention of three years.” “kca,” briefly replied the husband. “bhe was incarcerated by her husband,’' “Yes.” “Who wanted her out of the way that he nuglt marry another woman.’’ “In case you desired to dispose of me you would probably have me shut me up in a lunatic asylum.” “No. ma’am; I should poison you. That’s the cheaper and better way. As a man of business, and as an advocate of financial economy, I have thought this matter over time and again, and 1 should certainly prefer to spend filteen cents for arsenic to paying out $10 to $15 per week tor goodness knows how long.” She looked at him a long time with a whole iceberg in each eye, and then turned to her paper with the remark: “Just like your stingy ways; you never want me to have anything like other folks.” Jerusalem. Real estate at Jerusalem is evidently by no means stagnant, since tbe American consul In that city reports the issue of per mits for building sixty-five new houses and for adding to eixty-three others. Houses of modern style are fashionable in the sub urbs, and there is a rise in rents, itfot only has tho population of Jerusalem in creased during the year, but that of Jaffa and Hebron, the chief gain being an influx of Russian Jews fleeing from persecution. “Judea for the Jews” may soon become a rallying cry. Jaffa contains nearly 40,000 people. TAe Scientific American says that one of the surest destructive agents for carpet bugs is benzine, thoroughly applied. Sourii Caeouw\'s PnobMiiTki.—The deposits of phosphate rack, to the mining of which the Sea Islands owe, to a gtdat extent, their present prosperity, extends from tde Cooper River on the norto to the Brood River on the south. The tract of land and water supposed to be underlaid by the phosphate stratum is about one hundred miles long by twentv-flve miles w:d~. Originally, I think, all this tract was under water, and the Islands were formed by the slow growth of sand bars and the gradual elavation of the country. The phosphate rocks he on a bed of clay, not in a solid sheet, as might be expected, but much as paving stones, in the sand tied of a city’s streets. The stratum is of the average thickness of one toot. An acre will yield 1000 tons of dried phos phate rock fit for the market. In the riv ers and shallow bays the stratum is gener ally covered by a thin layer of sand or muck, and many tons of loose rocks are scattered widely on the almost solid sur face ot the main deposit. These pieces have probably been toi n up from the pave ment by tbe tides. In tne marshes the rock is covered by from three to twenty feet ot muck, and under the islands it is deeply covered by (and and gravsl. It is only such rock as lies under tbe water, or is carried by a shallow deposit of muck on the marshy ground, that is worked at pre sent The process of obtaining this rock is called mining; but, when it is under water, it is more properly Sailing, as from eight to.twenty feet of water cover the stratum at high tide. 1 judge that the clay bed on which the phosphate rock lies was a pasture ground for large mastodons that grazed to and fro at will over the marshy ground as the tide ebbed and flow ed. The fossil remains of sharks, clams, oysters and mastodons are sca.tered throughout the phosphate formation. The phosphate rock that is to be shipped from these ports is washed clean of all sand and muck and then dried. It is wash ed by being thrown into a concave trough, slightly inclined, in which an endless screw ever turning forces the phosphate upward. At the upper end of the trough a heavy stream of water enters, being pumped up from ths river or bay. The turning of the screw loosens the material thrown into the trough and allows the wa.er to work freely on the sand and muck sticking to the phosphates and wash ing them away, while the larger pieces of rock, unable to pass under !be flanges of the screw, are forced upward in a heavy column. The phosphates are discharged into an inclined screen,and there whatever sand or muck may have been held by tbe moving mass of rocks is washed off by an- toher stream of water, and falls through the screen into a trough, and is carried to the river bank and discharged into the tidewater. The rock as it comes from the screens falls into small cars;these, as filled are pushed into t’-ie drying house, empty cars taking their plase under the discharg ing spouts. In the drying room are four bins, each bolding about 800 tons. These bins have perforated iron pipes running across them. These pipes are m short sections, and fit together like gas mams. They are placed into position as the phos phates are dumped into the bins. All ibese pipes connect with an oven similar to a hot-blast oven of an iron iurnace. The bin being filled with ore and the perfora ted pipes being proparly connected with the hot-air oven the blowing engine begins work, and the heated air is blown into the mass of wet rocks. In from twelve to twenty days the phosphates are thoroughly dried and are ready for shipment. The loss in drying is about 20 per cent. The phosphate beds when under water are the property of the State. They are thrown open to any parties who may wish to nine on their agreeing to pay a royalty ot $1 per ton. Exclusive right to mine under the waters of any tract are no lon ger g< anted. Thus far m 1880, some 140- 000 tons of rock have been fished up. The royalty on this amount of rock amounts to about one fourth of the revenue of South Carolina. The rock dried and ready for shipment is sold at an average price of $8 per ton on board ship. fhe weekly pay of the negroes employed by the companies considering Beaufort their headquarters amounts to about $7000. The payment of this sum weekly to the negroes explains the prosperity of the “Black County” of South Carolina. Pa XKssoE Stxetkvamt says, regarding weeds, that it is an impossibility to select an average plant among them for experi ment, as the growth varies in localities. The number ot species of weeds which can start on a limited area is very surpris ing. In a pear orchard that had been plowed and harrowed last season a single square foot of giound was found to con tain 356 growing plants, comprising seven distinct species, not counting grasses or clovers. One plant contained 24 species of weeds, a lawn 18, the fields 30, and tbe garden 22. A ookrksi'oxdint of the Country Gen tleman claims that clover benefits and en riches tbe soil by adding carbon thereto, it containing 50 per cent, of that element, and further states that “Surely the absur dity of raising clover and peas for the lit tle bits of nitrogen they contain is appar ent. Secure carbon in tbe soil and in the circulation of the air it will grasp a hun dred times its bulk of nitrogen, and hold on to it as food for oxygen to form nitric acid, or as food lor hydrogen to form am monia in the great chemical action brought into play by Hie* ” As decorative plants single dahlias will become, very popular. They are easily grown, produce an abundance of bloom, and are not at all fastidious as to sod and position, They can be treated as animals, and, provided a good strain ot seed is ob tained, the amateur may depend upon get- t'”g a great variety of color. The seed should be sown early in January and grown on until May. By that time they will be strong plants. A few might be grown in pots for winter decoration, while those intenden for summer display should be planted out. Execs corners with their mass of brush and weeds afford secure retreat for such troublesofhe insects as live through the winter, and for the deposits of eggs ot others ready to hatch out in early spring, the larvae prepared to engage in depreda tions upon the first plants that appear. Fire puts an end tt> most ot these, and thus the destroying element lessens the la bor and saves the crops of the farms. gALTPKTBi dissolved at tbe rate of one and a half to two ounces to a gallon of water, and applied with a sprinkler, will completely banish the European cabbage worm, it has proved not only a sure cure for this nuisance, but a special fertilizer in stimulating an in creased growth ot plant One pound of fresh eggs is worth al most as much for food as two pounds of beef. An egg contains every necessity for the development of tbe perfect animal; and yet eggs properly cooked are rarely found cm the tanner’s table: Hebe is something which will give employment to the children on days sometimes dreaded by quiet-ioving mothers, when the schools are out and the house is fall of noise and frolics. Get some plaster of Paris and water, and provide some moulds; these may lie borrowed from the kitchen— pudding moulds, blanc-mange moulds, scalloped cake-tins, aud even plain but prettily-shaped bowls, will any and all answer every purpose. Now set the children to work; let them mix the plaster and water, and fill the moulds. If any of the articles they make ore of such size aud shape that they can be hung on the wall, provide some loop of ribbon or of braid, and when tho mould is about half full of plaster lay tbe end ®f the loop in and then pour more plaster over it. When the plaster is hardened 1 he loop will be found to be securely fastened in, and capable of sustaining the weight of the article. When the plain bowl is used, or a deep plate, the article moulded will resemble a plaque, and can be decorated by pasting some bright picture or paint ing some design on it. A Unique Ornament.—A unique or nament for the corner of a room is made by procuring a well seasoned board, about "three feet and a half long and eighteen inohee wide. This is to be covered with dove colored felt, on which is embroidered in crewels a buucli of oat-tails and glasses. The effect to be sought in arranging the group is that of beiug laid upon the board when freshly gathered. There must be no stiffness iu the arrangement; the grasses and seeds must be of unequal lengths, some of them reaching qnite to the top of the board, and all uniting at tbe bottom as if dropped from the hand. ’ This may be placed in any graceful position in the corner of the room. Mahche,—Chop your meat (cold) very fine, season with salt and pepper, and add one cup of raw rice to two cups of chopped meat. Take the leaves off a cabbage as whole as possible; pour over them boiling water, and let them lay until thoroughly wilted. Take a good spoonful of the mixture and place in each leaf, rolling it tight and packing them in the kettle; then add water enough to cover them, and boil au hour and a half. A good bowl of gravy is a great improvement on this dish. A few bones at the bottom of the kettle will prevent burning while cooking. An exchange recommends the use of fresh, green grape leaves to place on top of pickles in jars in place of flannel or other cloth usually employed. He claims the leaves will preserve the vine gar sharp and clear, and impart a nice flavor. The leaves should be rinsed in pure water and lelt to drain before use, and occasionally changed. They ex clude the air, and besides imparting a delightful flavor to the pickle, cause less trouble to the housewife. Bird’s Nest Pudding.—Pare six ap ples aud take out the cores Mdthout breaking them. Fill the holes where the cores came out with sugar, after placing the apples in au earthen pad ding dish. Make a batter of one pint of milk, two tablespoonluls of flour and three eggs. Pour tins over the apples and bake until the fruit is soft. Serve with “cream sauce.” The sauce—Half a cup of butter, beaten until very light; one cup of powdered sugar, half a cup of cream. Set the dish in a basin of hot water and stir until it is all creamy; it will only take a minute or two. Catskul Milk Potatoes,—Take good sound potatoes, cut them in slices, (raw), and put the milk, according to the quantity you wish to make, in a padding dish; then after you have put the potatoes in the milk put it in the oven for about twenty minutes, then take out and put the potatoes with the same milk into a saucepan to boil until done; season before you put them to boil. • _ Boiled Cod,—Sew the fish up in a piece of mosquito-netting. Put on in plenty of boiling water, a little salt, allowing about twelve minutes per pound. Unwrap; lay upon a hot dish, and pour over it—serving the same in a boat—a cupful of drawn butter made from the fish pot liquor, and containing, beside butter and floor, the pounded yolks of two boiled eggs and a table- spoonful of chopped green pickle. Bevoue putting a roast of veal in the oven cover the upper side of it with thin slices of *bacon. Unless you have tried this you will be surprised to find what a dehcate flavor and rich brown color will be imparted to the otherwise almost tasteless meat. The gravy will be greatly improved, and the dressing also, if the knuckle is stuffed. Renovating Fur.—Take a large tin pan; pnt a pint of wheat floor iu it; put the cloak m it; rub it thoroughly with the hands until the flour looks dark; then if the fur is not white enough, rub it again with more clean flour; then rub it with pulverized chalk.- This gives it a pearly-white look. It is also good to clean knit nubias. Noubuhano and appetizing gruel may be made of Indian meal. Take a table- spoonful of sifted meal, and, alter rub bing it smooth in cold water, add a teaspoonfnl of salt and pour over this a pint of boiling water, stirring the meal constantly while adding the -water, so that it will not be lumpy. Let it boil slowly for half an hour, and then a tablespoonful of cream may be added. Ham Cooked in Cider.—Pat a pint of cider and a cup of brown sugar into enough water to cover the ham; boil three hours, or until the skin will peel off easily. Remove the skin, cover the ham with a crust of sugar, and bake in a slow oven three hours. Dissolve a cup of sugar iu a pint of cider and baste the ham frequently while baking. If the cider is very sweet use less sugar. A Cube fob Colds.—Boil two ounces of flax seed in one quart of water; strain, and add two ounces of rock candy, one- half pint of honey, juice of three lemons; mix and let all boil well; let cool and bottle. Dose, one cupful on going to bed, one-half cupful before meals. The hotter you driflk it the better. Pa* Pie.—Line a deep tin with pie crust; till with the best tart appies; cut thin slices of pork, and lay over the top; sweeten with half brown sugar and the best molasses; a little salt and sprinkle of allspice. Bake three hours in a slow oven. Stewed Onions.—Top, tail, and skin. Boil in two waters, throwing both away. When the onions are teLdor, have ready in a saucepan a cup of drawn batter. Lay the onions in it, simmer ten min utes, and serve in the sauce. Flat Irons —A good way to make flat irons smooth is to rub them with clean lard and mb dry. A dieasc, like the individual in whom it is localized, has a genealogy. It has an ancestry of “morbid conditions” all commingled, and transmitted from suf ferer to sufferer, until “by inherited dispositions, accumulating and com bining in definite proportions,” altering for good or evil according to the sml on which it grows, a new one is pro duced. This, in a few words, stripped of its technicalities, and deprived, un fortunately, also, of the wealth of illustration with which it is accom panied, is Sir James Paget’s ingenious theory. Its attractions are undeniable, its plausibility great, and though the author, in addressing a professional audience, forbore deducing a moral, tbe lessons which it irresistibly sug gests are too patent to escape notice. That children inherit the courage, cowardice, prodigality, frugality, face, figure, complexion, tone of voice, and talents of the parents is, of course, a truism. It is equally certain that dis - eased parents bequeath their frailties to their offspring. (Scrofula, cancer, consumption, epilepsy, rheumatism, gout, insanity, cretinism ‘and albinism ate among the most familiar of the dis - eases or defects which “run iu families.” A craving for alcohol is a recognized “morbus,” handed down from father to sou, while listlessness, sloth, im practicability are as really transmitted as a capacity for work and a clear brain from one generation to another. A prudent person hesitates to marry a consumptive, or a member of a family in which insanity has appeared, thus acknowledging the soundness of the data montioned. Consanguinity is be lieved, and justly so—to intensify the risks of transmission, though only be cause theie is a cbance of near relatives, such as cousins, beiug tainted with the same family trouble. Yet little care is taken to avoid dangerous “intermar riages of diseases,” to use the phrase which Dr. Benjamin Richardson has so happily coined. If both parents havfiL a tendency to the same malady, the childreu can scarcely escape. But if cancer and consumption wed, there is hardly a hope of the ollspring escap ing early death or prolonged misery from cancer, lupus, comsumption, tuberculosis of the brain, epilepsy, diabetes from nervous injury, or some variation or combination of the three. The intermarriage of rheumatism "and consumption is productive of hydro cephalus, and diseases of the bony frame-work of the body, such as the hip-joint disease so common among weakly children. The State does not in modem times—as in a more heroic age—exercise a control over marriage. It is, therefore, all the more imperative *n those who are swayed by some re gard for posterity not to neglect in mar riage every consideration save those of affection, wealth, position or social fitness, when their own future sorrow and that of another eneration are in volved in their neglect of the laws of nature. Value of Montana Orasgei. * It is claimed that Montana grasses axe richer and stronger than any in the world. They grow in bunches, and have solid stalks from six to ten inches iu height, whose heads are filled with s weet nutritious seeds. It is a kind of “standing hay” for Winter use. As we saw it, it looked like wheat, dead ripe, aud it is said to retain this color till Spring. But while the pasturage is so free and open, still every ranchman has his own range with his cabin and corral for branding service. After branding bis cattle and turning them loose for the Winter, he is careful not to humor them on the approach of a storm by feeding them at home, and they soon become independent and learn to “rus tle” for themselves. As before men tioned, the Winter of 1879-80 was very severe, and thousands of cattle perished on the ranges. Many stockmen are now building sheds near well snoltcred canyons, as a precautionary measure, and also cutting ard putting up hay at a cost of only about $1 a ton. Ex perience is teaching them tiiat with their wide margins they can afford more expense. Tho average cost of raising a steer, not counting the inter est on the money invested is only about $1 a year. He will bring on the ranche in market condition about $20, and at the railroad $25. With such handsome profits there is no excuse for careless management, and some of the large growers are becoming more careful of their stock during the Winter. They will supply a herder for about every thousand cattle, whose duty it is simply to watch them from a distance, ride around the outskirts aud follow up any trails leading away. Oldent Tree In the World. The oldest tree in tho world, so far as anyone knows, is the Be tree of the sacred city of Amarapoora, in Burmah. it was planted 288 B. U, and is there fore now 2170 years old. Sir James Emerson Tennet gives reasons for be lieving that the tree is ready of this wonderful age, and refers to historic documents in which it is mentioned at different dates, a=s 182 A. D.,.228 A. D„ and so on to the present day, “To it,’’ says Sir James, “kings have even dedicated their dominions, in testimony of belief that it is a branch of the identical tree under which Buddah re clined at Urumelya whoa ha underwent Ins apotheosis.” I s leaves are carried away as streameia by pilgrims, but it in too sacred to touch with a kmfs, and therefore they are only gathered when they fall. The king oak in Windsor Forest, England, is 1000 years old. | —In London plum stones are bought I up to be put into adulterated jams. John C. farter, was recently tried for murder in St. Louis, For yean be had borne an evil reputation. He was arraigned to-day to stand trial for the murder of Michael Payton, & baker, whom he had stabbed in a drinking sa loon, on the night of August 20, 1881. Payton lived about a week after the stabbing. Parker’s subsequent arrest was not his first acquaintance with the law. Four or five years before a young man named Thompson was stabbed at a dance in his own house and died of the wound, Parker, who waa known as “Johnny,” was accused of the crime, tried aud acquitted. Public opinion, however, never was agreed upon the point of his innocence. Nellie Parker, his young wife, was a slight, pretty and delicate little woman. Though her family is not wealthy; her social position was so much better than her husband’s that their marriage about two years ago made quite a local sensa tion. Her devotion to the man of her choice, rough and desperate as he was, was known long before the tragedy of to-day. Ever smee Parker’s arrest, the frail form of the young wife has been constantly seen about the jail, and the sympathy of all employed about the jail was hers. The court was crowded. The young wife r Nellie, was there, her baby boy in her arms. Witfi her were two of Parker’s sisters. They seemed calm and even cheerful, and os soon as she could manage it crossed to the barred cage where he was confined, and leanel against it talking to him through the gratifig. The attendants made way for her, aud noticed the affectionate nature of her greeting to him and the gentleness with which he replied to her. While they were conversing Gov e Charles P. Johnson, his attorney, rose in the court and asked permission to consult with his client in the jury room. Permission was granted. An officer took the man from the cage. Nellie, with a smile, banded the laaghing baby to her sister-in-law and walked beside her husband across the court, the law yers, Gov. Johnson and Presley N, Jones leading aud the sisters following. The spectators gazed at the little pro cession with some interest, but, save the wife and husband, no one knew that it was a procession to death for two of them. Yet such it was. To the rough, desperate fellow it was the way to de liverance, even through the grave. But to the little creature by his side it was such a test of will power that it can hardly be measured. She knew that he was going to kill her; she had ageed to die at his hands. He had the wea pon of fate deftly concealed. (flinging to her finsband, despairing at heart, but calm of face, she passed on with him and entered the jury room. Life closed upon her as the attendant locked the^loor whereby they had en tered. Husband and wife sat down on a bench together. Not a sign of fear was upon either. She sat witfi tier band iu his. He talked earnestly with hif lawyers. Governor Johnson arose and left the jury room with a grave face. Presby Jones sat near by writting. Neither lawyer suspected that the whole affair had been the ruse of a desperate man and woman weary of life. The door had closed behind Gov. Johnson and the occupants of the room —Parker, his wife and the busy attorney excepted—were watching in a dumb way the attendant who was shooting the bolts. At this moment it was that Parker swiftly drew his pistol and, put ting tbe muzzle against the back of his wile’s bead, pulled the trigger. The report rang cut and brought all to their feet as the young wife tumbled forward in a heap to the floor—dead 1 Before any one could take a step toward the murderer Parker had fired again, the bullet this time piercing his own brain. He fell beside her—not dead, but soon to die. Consternation was on every face. Court officials rushed in and doctors were summoned. In forty minutes Parker breathed his last. The tragedy was over. Tbe murderer left a letter to nis sister saying: “See that I am put alongside my liitle boy Morris and give our bodies to my old friend, John P. Mulialy. The Knights of Honor will lake care of my sweet, loving wife. Give my love to all, and especial y Tom Callahan, Koiarrectlou of » KrehUtorlc Race. which has long been known to the try people as the “Pottery Field, ground was strewed with fragmt pottery, bones, arrow-points, and reme ns of like chaiacter, and the was generally considered to be t] of mi ancient workshop. The pri forest still occupies the locality, made up of oak, beech, elm,' 1 walnut, etc. All around are foui merous mounds of tumuli, most oJ small. A few of these were oper Florian Gianque, in 1876, and soi teresting things found. But in Dr. Charles Metz and other gent interested in archaeology commez systematic exploration of the oc thereabout, and 30 much has been th it we are enabL d o form some i the habits, and get a glimpse int life, .of the people who once liy the immediate vicinity of the < Cincinnati, During the four yeai the excavations have been carrie between 660 and 700 skeletons been brought to light. Many of are in advanced state of decay crumble to pieces on the slightest' while others, again, are in a verj state of preservation. It can, tbei hardly be inferred that, because of the skeletons are much decayed are necssarily very old ; for tfioui have well-preserved remains of from Babylon, Nineveh and I whu hrare certainly 2,500 or 3,000 oli, still the cases are exoeptio wmch they are found in good eon after the lapse of many yean. Dif kinds of soil and difference in cl have much to do with the mattei m a dry and eqaabldclunate, bone resist lor a long time the infl which would cause thoir decay 1 in a moist climate, and with sudde extreme changes of temperature as we have here, any bone, unless t m peat, or subject constantly to I pressure, so as to become partially silized, is liable to soon decay. Btlte of Steel.—A patent recently gran ted In \ ienna and Berlin is for n«in g bands of steel tempered and hardened, to transmit motion from one pulley to anoth er, in belting. The faces of the pulleys according to this arrangement are turned perfectly flat and then covered with a var nish of rosin, shellac and asphalt.