Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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/ K > a- t* P -I I" 11 fj Wl\' - il 1 r. I .« / Fv. V - l m ■ i > ■ ■* MBifd Tke DUoorery ot the Mammoth. that a aa ten- many The banka of that great Northern Siberian Hirer, the Lena, are quite peculiar. Those on the western aide are generally low and marshy, while those on the eastern are often from sixty to one hundred feet high. In the extreme north, this high elevation is cut into numerous pyramidal-shaped mounds, which are formed of layers of earth and ioe—sometimes a clear stratum of the latter many fact in thickness. It was before such a mound fisherman stopped, dumb with ishment, one spring morning, years ago. About thirty feet him, half way up the face of the mound, appeared the section of a great ice-layer, from which the water was flowing in numb erless streams; while protruding from it, and partly hanging over, was an ani mal of such huge proportions that the simple fisherman could hardly believe his eyes. Two gignatic horns or tusks were visible, and a great woolly body was faintly outlined in the bine, icy mass: In the fall, he related the story to his comrades up tue nver, and in the ensuing spring, with a party ot his fellow fisherman, he again visited the spot. A year had worked wonders. The great mass had thawed out suffi ciently to show its nature, and on clos. or inspectoin proved to be a well-pre served specimen of one of those gigantic extinct hairy elephants that roam over the northern part of Europe and Amer ica in the earber part of the world. The body was still too firmly attached and frozen to permit removal. For four successive years the fisherman visited it, until finally, in March, 1804, five years after its original discovery, it broke away from its icy bed and came thundering down upon the sands below. The discoveren first detached the tusks, that were nine feet six inches in length, and together weighed three hundred and sixty pounds. The hide, covered with wool and hair, was more than twenty men could lift. Part of this, with the tusk, were taken to Jakutsk and sold for fifty rubles, wide the rest of the animal was left where it fell, and cut up at various times by the Jakoutes, who fed their dogs with its flesh. A strange feast this, truly—meat that had been frozen solid iu the ice house of Nature perhaps fifty thousand years, more or less; but so w’ell was it preserved that, when the brain was Afterward compared with that of a recently killed aniind, no diffieronce in the tissues could he detected. Two years after tbe animal had fallen from the cliff, the news reached 8b. Petersburg, and the Museum of Nat ural History sent a scientist to secure the specimen and purchase it for the Emperor, He found the massive skel eton entire. with the exception of one foreleg. The tusks were repurchased iu Jakutsk, and the great frame was taken to St. Petersburg, nut there mounted. Aii proportion of which to coffee is a mat ter of taste. Setting the sanoepan over a brisk fire, and with your measures of •offee ready to hand, watoh for the large bubbles to appear. Then take the sacuepan off and throw in tbe coffee, and with a shake or two put It back on the fire for a oouple of seconds. Take it off and let it rest tor two or three minutes before pouring off into the cup or coffee-pot. By this process, the nioety of which depends upon catching the exact moment of boiling, and in not overdoing the second* time of boiling, you will have coffee in its fallest devel opment of flavor and aroma. If the process is properly carried ont, there will be no need of a strainer, for atter two or three minutes the grounds trill settle to the bottom of the saucepan, and there will be a pleasant froth at the top, inch as is never seen in coffee made on any other plan. Coffee should be drunk as soon as it is made, which sug gests the reason why it is never good in clubs and hotels—where even if all other provisions eaist for good coffee, it is made too long before it is used and in too large quantities. ('< Off AIhMi K Hi a Mns Art. Coffee has no fellow, and to mix it with anything else is to deprave the noble berry. The amateur, to be safe, must buy his coffee whole, taking care tvtn then that he has the true article ; for the ingenuity of wit ked men has gone so far as to fabricate imitation cof fee berries. Those who affect to be real connoisseurs buy their coflee several years before they use it age being held to mellow and ripen the berry. The next care is the roasting which, of course, should be done at home. Dean 8wift always roasted his coffee with his own illustrious hands, “in an engine for the purpo e,' - so Tope told Dr. Arbuthnot. What that engine was we should like to know, for, strange as it may seem, and a proof of the gicss ignorance which •nrrounds this part of the subject, there is not now extant any simple ooffee roasting apparatus such as the bachelor of moderate means and small appliances can use with his own hands. There are several patent machines of elaborate construction, of which the best is a cylinder, which goes round by clock work ; but their fault is that they roast more than is necessity for one man’s use, and ctflee to be good should be fresh roasted the day it is made. The volatile elements iu which so much of the value as well as the flavor of coffee resides speedily evaporate after they have once been developed by the action of fire. The next step is the grinding, or rather pounding ; for coffee, for the due evolution ot its ethereal essences, should be bruised into a more or less fine pow der—not cut, as it is in all the grinding machines of commerce. The Easterns, who are the best of ooffee makers, lay great stress on this point. They bruise their coffee with a pestle and mortar, so as to preserve the oily particle in greatest perfecton, and re duce ilto a flue powder, which is cooked in water like soup and wholly consumed. This last, however, is a detail which the amateur need not follow unless his taste has been so far Orientalized as to prefer the thick muddy decoction of the Mat to the more artficia) product of the west The coffee being ground, and no more ground than is needed fir imme diate use, now comes the all important process of making. The simplest way of making coffee is the best, always bearing in mind that the object is to secure the anion of the coffee with the water at the exact point of boiling, neither before nor after—a jiroocss which is a momentary and delicate some thing between iutusion and deooction. There are two ways by which it can be aooompiiaJbed. The first is to pour the water on the ooffee, which is the more common practice; the other is to throw the coffee into the water, which is far better ar.d more simple. Ail that is needed it a saucepan narrower at the top than at the bottom, with a long wooden handle. Into this measure the asset quantity of water required, the Fence* Fences are boilt, not for the purpose of fencing m crops, but for fencing out other people’s cattle. For tbe lack of proper legislation, or the lax admini stration of laws already provided, ten men must be subjected to a heavy expense to protect themselves from the depredations of oue man’s cow. In O-iio and some other States the sensible view is taken that a field of corn is not likely to stray over into a neigh bor’s premises aud commit any overt act of violence; that it is not nccces- sary for the well being of society that a man should place himself and family in a prison-like enclosure or disfigure the beauty of his grounds by high fen ces. It is the duty of every man own ing cattle to take care of them. They are not allowed t > ran at large to be feu and oared lor at tbe publio expense. Wherever these sensible laws exist and are strictly enforced the results are highly satisfactory. Some of the most beautiful residence in Ohio are without a fence of any description, and the ef fect is very pleas ng. Flowers are cul- tivit»ed in the yards and statuary adorn the grounds, but they are as safe as if they wore behind high walls—probably more so when we consider the fact that cows have a street education, learu that fences have their weak places aud gates are not impregnable. Fences for pro tection are offended to good taste, and a lax public sentiment which makes them aeccossary is wrong. Moreover it is a gross injustice, for it loads far mers down with expenses which is not right they should bear. If a poor mac buys a farm, before he can plant his crops, he must use monev which he can illy spare to build fences which perhaps cost more than the land. He may have no eattle of his own, but Lis woil to-do neighbors nave, and for tbe pnvi lege of allowing them to live on tbe pub ic domain be muat fence in hia innocent crops, If we adopt the same plan in society, we would place all the iawabhling people iu the penitentiary as a measure for protection, and let malefactors run at large Who wants to try his experiments. AGRICULTURE, Bkxxd Up.—if a carnmon cow has the marks of a good milker It is wisdon to breed from her. Whether ot not her calf wilTJchcnt her good qualities tune alone can tell. It is right here that the value of improved stock is greatest. Us character istics are fixed and will be reproduced. It Is here, too, where the value of a register ed pedigree is apparent. Tbs fact that a book contains a brief statement of the an- cestois of an animal is nothing of lt»elf. But the fact that it tells that an animal has certainly come from a long line of ances tors which have regularly transmitted their characteristics is everything.for it not only shows that the animal itself possesses the family characteristics to a gi eater or less degree, but that it in turn will be able to transmit them. The common cow may re produce herself, and she may nor. The purely-bred cow will reproduce herself, with possibly slight variation, under pro per breeding. It is too often the case that the owners ot common cows get an erro nt ous impression when their attention has been called to the desirability of improving the^ herds. They are convinced, perhaps, that it would be to their interest to breed up, or rather to impiove the character of their herds; but, thinking that the only way to do this is to purchase outright, they may not feel like going to the expense, borne ot the best cows in the country are crosses of our commcn stock with the im proved breeds, and if a man owns a com mon cow that has proved herself a valuable dairy animal he has excellent encourage ment to use her for croming. It Is every man's duty to breed up. It is throwing away money to keep an inferior animal when we can just as well have a better one. 8and fob Pack ins Fruit.—The Rural Ntw Yorker has the following: The cit rus men ot Los Angelos, Cal., have made a discovery of great value to Florida. Dry sand is the beat packing for oranges and lemons. It must be quite dry, and no pa per must be used. The fruit must touch the sand. Experience wairante keeping lor five n.ontiis at least The dry sand has absorbing power that apparently takes up all exudations subject to decomposition, the rind being very porous. Naturally the thoughtful mind suggests that, cn the same principle, dry sand must have asimilar pre servative effect on other trutts, such as pears, oluas, nectarines, applet and other smooth-skinned varieties. Jr relation to linseed meal for stock tt may be stated, in answer to an inquiry, that the Quantity usually given for one feeding depends on the quality of the hay or other feed allowed, s raw requiring more linseed meal than clover hay. It is fed sparingly at the oeginning, gradually iucieasing tie allowance until asufflciency is given wnh tbe coarser material to keep the cattle in good condition, as it can be used too lavishly. The only difference between the cake and meal is in the prepa ration, as the oil is generally extracted aad the residium solo as cake or ground to a tine condition. Ir a horse is shy and hard to catch, take finely grated castor, oils of rhodium and cummin. Keep tbem in separate bottles, well corked. Put some of the oil ot cum min ou your hand, and approach the horse on the windy aide. He will then move toward you. As soon as you can reacn him rub some of the cummin on his nose, give him a little of the castor or anything he likes, aud get a few drops of the oil ot rhodium on his tongue. After this you can make him do nearly ev< ryihing you want. Treat him kindly, teed well, handle gently aud y our victory is certain. 1 ba Fui mer’s Wife. There are several leading departments which, by common consent, ore rele gated to the sphere of the wife. Em braced in her special department is the management of the household expenses, and, unless dairying is made tbe chief business of the farm, she has usually the entire care of the dairy. A story is told of one of the early pioneers in a new country who, with his wife, com menced farming on a tract of 100 acres of wild land, only partially paid for. Year after year they prospered, the 100 acres were paid for, in large part, by the hard-earned money which the wile had sooured through the sales of butter and cheeae. Again and again the question was asked by the husband : * Shall I buy another hundred acres ?” and the answer by his good wife was always ready and always the same : “Get me 15 more cows aud yon may safely buy the land.” When in their old age a fine farm of 500 acres was fully paid for, the wife oould rightfully boast that it was her labor quite as much as that of her husband, which had paid for their broad acres. The power triiich a farmer’s wife m«y exercise in the farm carries with it many responsibilities. It is her duty in every way to fit herself to beco; .e a judicious helpmeet and counsellor. The farmer’s olub meeting should be apen to the wife and the daughter as well as to the farmer aud son. Not infrequently the little im provements made at trifling expense, through the influence of the wife’s taetse and tact, add more to the value aud attractiveness of the home than many times the money cost invested under the husband’s management. In all the suggestions as to making farm life at tractive to young men there is none better than to enlist a hearty coopera tion of their mothers and sisters. They will point out to the youth tbe ideal and Ssihfeiio side of the farmer’s work, while if he learns farming wholly from hia father he is apt to learn it only as a life of prosy and poorly-paid toil Is the cattle department of tbe Chicago Union stock yards—the beef factory, as it were—operations proceed with surprising rapidity, consideiiug tue bulk of the ma terial hanuied. The cattle are shot down with Winchester rifles, the shooter stand ing iu a gallery just over the killing pen. where he c-n bring the muzzle of his gnu within a yard of his victim's head. In stantly on Jailing the steer tumbles into a son ot dressing-room, where he is bled, cleaned, b&yeu and halved with amazing celerity. Then the separated halves trav el off to au immense store room, where they hang a day or two before cutting up. With delicate means of measurement Herr Krause bas recently proved the exis tence of a phenomenon in all plant organs which is connected with their variable wa ter-contents and consists in a periodical swelling and costracdon m the twenty-four bours. Leaves, etc.,decrease in thickness from the early morning till toe afternoon, when they begin to swell again, aitaimnp a greater size by night than by day. T he same is true with buds, flowers, green cones, fruits, etc. v and with stems and branches. Herr Kaiser had before proved such a period in trunks of trees, and Herr Kreuss shows that both wcod and bark share in it, independently or unitedly. Potato flour, or the dried pulp of the potato, is attaining great importance to the arts. It is said that in Lancashire, England, twenty thousand tons of it are sold annually, atd it brings at present in Liveipool about double as much m tbe maiktl as wheat flour. It is used for siz ing and other manufacturing oarpo8es,and when precipitated with acid is turned into starch. Warn calcined it is employed as a dressing for silk. Sloshed Around. The last invention tor tbe protection of theatre audienres u a “penetrable safety wall,’' which bas just been patented by an engineer at Kottsbus, Germany. The plan ia to make tbe interior wall in all parte of the theatre of papier macbe, made alter a certain method, buch a wall will have the appearance of massive stone, but, by pleasure upon certain parte where tbe words are to be punted in luminous letters “To be broken open in case of fire, ”800088 to the exterior oorridon us to be obtained, 10 the MtW sir can De Tax absorption ot a specr. in tbe eye o a horse, is resulting from inflammation, may olten be hastened by blowing some burned alum through a goose quill into the eye. A good cool ng dressing is lour grains of sugar of lead, dissolved in cno ounce of rainwater; or sulphate of zinc may be used instead of the lead. A rag saturated with the solution should be hung over the eye and the animal kept in a dark stable for some davs. 1m contrast with the common practice ot letting deny cows go dry four months or so every year, a recent writer says that be bas a cow that has completed her fourth farrow year and baa averaged during the past 6 months a traction over five pounds of butter per week of flrv* -rate quality. He cites also the case of a cow in in Berk shire, England, which ten years ago drop ped twins, and has given a good mess or milk daily ever since. Ix Ireland the sod cut on boggy ground is piiod up in heaps until dry, then burned into a species ot cbarcc&L This is then pulverised and mixed with well-lotted stable or hen-house manure, or night-soil in equal proportioaa. P aced in drills, where turnips or carrots are to be planted, it is said to make them attain a monstrous rise. The experiment is certainly wormy of a trial by farmers who can get tbe bog mold without too much labor or expense. * Potato*?, when dug m an unripe state, may tie at times waierv, and not at to eat, but if spread as thinly as possible in a dry, airy place they will in time become as mealy as if left to ripen in the ground. WnTiwAtaixe the berk ot fruit or shade trees prevent* proper respiration and re tards the growth of the trea. —“No, sir,” continued the early sett ler. “I come here ‘fore the woods was burned. I like the freedom of the fron tier, an’ I know I would not feel at home In the streets oif a city. I was born within sight of Stone Mountain, in Georgia, when the Indians were thar same as they are on the frontier now. See that scar?” The early settle; took off his hat and showed ns a heavy sear running from the top of his head almost to hia left eye brow. “That thar is what 1 got from an Indian tomahawk when I was ’bout three years old. My oldest brother was killed, and my father was runmn’ to hide in a corn-field, with me in his arms, when I got that. The old man had, an axe in his hand and he split the red skin’s head clear to the teeth. Not much civilization ’bout them diggins; no sir.” “Not much style about those early Georgian pioneers, I reckon ?” said the reporter, “Style! Why, I was 12 years old when i got my first pair of boots Don t I remember tbem yaller tops! Folks in them parte mostly tanned their own leather, but them was genuine store boots. They got me into two fights. I had to fit with two other boys the first day I put ’em on, and I was the under dog in beta fights. The boys didn’t ap prove of style in those days. I -vas man growed, ’fore ever I saw an earthenware plate. We had nothin’but pewter plates to eat off, and wooden noggins to drink out ot; but, bless you, we never wanted for somethin’ to put in them. We had lots of b ar meat and eordsof all sort* of game. No, we didn’t know nothin’ of flour bread—com hrewl was the staple. Whisky! I should say so! Most every body made their own, but if you was’nt fixed to make it yourself, you had only to carry a bushel of corn to a neighbor s still and come back with a demijohn,’ of pure juice. Wheu we had a oorn-shuc- kiu,’ a log-rollin’‘ a house-rsisin’, or any such frolic, the whisky just sloshed round like water. We only got ooffee ou Sundays, bat we had whisky all the time, and it was whisky—net the adul terated pizen they call by that name now. Yon could have got tullemagoose on it, and it wouldn’t hurt you.” As the early settler said this he sighed, wiped his mouth on his shirt sleeve, and shook his head iu a regret ful sort of way, indicating his belief that these good old days when whisky actually, “sloshed around” were gone. Winter Clotblug, The housekeeper should not forget that cold enervates move than want of food. A person starves by oold as muoh as by want of food, and it is perfectly correct when one says he is starved wiih cold. Food warms the body, and more food is required in cold weather than in warm, because there is a greater waste of heat from the body in winter, and this consumes the food. If, then, one is exposed to great cold the bedy be comes situated and starved. This is the reason why animals do not grow in the winter, and children aud persons ore quite as subject to these influences as any other animals. The lower limbs, the stomach, and the back between the shouldeis are the parts most easily and injuriously affected by cold. Young children should have tight fighting gar ments snd a double thickness ot flannel stitched into the back of tue upper gar ment of either old or young will protect the lungs and save a great loss of heat. The feet and ankles should be kept warm aud dry, Tuose who are required to go out into the snow should have their boots made water-proof, and wear a thick snd dry woollen knitted stocking. Socks are au uulortunate lashion. The long stocking is muoh better protection, and if the drawers of children tie or button closely below the knee they will be well protected from the cold. Under clothing is better than extra ovei cloth ing. The warmth is required at the skai, and the skin is better and more regularly and constantly warmed by underclothing than by outer garment-, which are sometimes thrown off when they should be kept o j. This is par ticularly w ith nothing by women who are so often required to go out from warm room into the oold outer air when the keen wind is blowing, and who will not be botnered to put on a shawl or warm jacnet. ' Simple'* t 1t«». DOMEtiTlO. According to one of tbe natives, now a professor in an English college, the Icelanders live very simply. “We ate a spare folk,” he says. “I was always thin and pale in my yonth. And, after all, food is not everything; the English, perhaps, make too much of their dinner. Dinners are good, but there is better ezjoyment in health of body and a con tented mind.” He goes on to say that in his young days, his people lived spar ingly and healthily. He never tasted wine nntil he was twenty-two, or beer before he was grown up. “Milk and whey, or water, were always to he had, and we did not wish for more,” heeays. On his father’s farm, in his yonth, were two Onagi, or poor people, who had been allotsd to the farm in accordance with the Icelandic costom of treating the poor. Oue of them was an old woman, tho other a young girl of his own age, who became a kind of foster- sister to him “We drank of tne same cap,” he writes, “and eat of the same dish, were dad in the same stuff, were made to do ail manner of errand-work— now to fetch in a pony, now a sheep, or a pitcher of water from the brook, or to carry food to the farm folks out on tho land; in short, we went to and fro like a weaver’s shuttle; in Winter w*> would gather Iceland moss together, or sit at home capping verses and ditties a few of which are just to api>ear for the first time in a volume of Icelandic poems. Not one member of the-household ever let the child feel, by word or deed, that she was a pauper.” Tli* Months, It was a belief a mong the Poles that each month of the year was under the influence of a precious stone. Thus: January was represented by a garnet^ emblem of eooatanoy aud fidelity; Feb ruary, the amtehyst, sincerity; March, bloodstone, courage, aud presence of mind; April diamond, innocence; May, emerald, success in love; June agate, health, and long life: July, cornelian, contented mind, August, sardonyx, con jugal felicity; September, chrysolite, antidote against madness; O .-toiler, tbe opal, hope; November, topaz, fidelity; and December, turquoise. These sev eral f tones were set in rings and other trickets, as presents. To neglect at any time preparation for death, is to sleep ou our post at a siege, but to omit it in old age, ia to sleep at an attack. ItaBOff forms quite an Important feat ure in needle-work -to-day. Raised ef fects are produced by gathering riobon about an inch wide at intervals and then forming into tbe shape of a bud or flow er aud laying it with a few invisible stitches in the centre of a round of plush or velvet. Very pretty scrap? for the piano are made in ordinary mrshn, with such raised work iu ribbon carried out at the ends. The French knot, which is used for the centres of flowers or for stamens, pistils, etc., in art embroidery, is very easily made and needs only a lit tle care to be very effective. In making it the thread is brought through to the front of the work and held in the left hand four or five inches from the work, while the needle is kept in the right hand. The thread thus held in the left hand must be twisted two or three times round the needle as close to the work as possible, then the point is turned down into the material nearly, but not exactly, where the thread came up, the needle is pulled through to the other side, and the thread carefully drawn till the knot is firm. A little practice will result iu a perfect French knot. Darn ing stitch is very much in use now. Designs are worked upon Java canvas in arasene, and the background is simp ly darned over quite evenly in any neu tral-tinted crewel that maybe preferred. This method has entirely superseded the old-fashioned cross-stiteh. The imitations of tapestries and tapestried effects are more fashionable than ever. A great deal of this is obtained by wkat ia known as inland applique, which con sists in tracing the same pattern on two materials and then carefully cutting both out, and iu laying one onto the other by sewing the upper portion onto the under with thread aud covering tbe stitches with fine cord or windings of floss silk. Sometimes narrow ribbon or braid is stitched over the edge to keep them flat Peepabimo Skeleton Leavbs.—A correspondent gives these directions for preparing skeleton leaves: Take a large sauotpan of cold water, and a piece of scrubbing soap about four inches square cut into small slices. Gather mature leaves, seed-vessels, etc.; put some soap into the water, then a layer of leaves one by one, then more soap, then leaves, and so on. Put on a lid, set the pan by the side ot the tire and let it simmer. After au hour take out a few leaves, and try them between the thumb and finger; if the pulp separates readily from the fibre, remove tium from the fire; if uot, let the pan remain. 8ome leaves, such as ivy, orange, etc., are done in an hour { or two; others of a tougher fibre take half a day. Seed vessels of mallow or campanula take a short time. Large poppy or stramonium takes perhaps two days. Now lay a leaf upon a plate, un der a tap of running water, and beat it with sharp strokes with a hard brush— say a tooth brush; the green matter will run off with the water. Wheu the skeleton is quite clean, dry it upon blot ting paper. To bleach tho specimens put a quarter of a pound of chloride of lime into a large bottle of water, cork it, and mix witn more water in a basin; immerse the leaves, etc. Again care fully watch and remove them us soou as they are wldte, tor the lime soou ren ders them brittle and rotten. Wash again iu pure water, and dry as before. As the stem* Usually come away irom most leaves, it is well to boil several stalks separately, and after bleaching to mount tne leaves by gumming them to the stems. To wash lace make a soapsuds of white castile soap and sott water, and, wnue cold, dip the lace in and put ou tne stove to boil. Let it remain uutil tne lace iooKs clean. Do not rub. At ter boiling sufficiently rinse tnoroughly in clear, cold water, and then ury When perfectly dry, wet it in milk and let it ury again; tnen dampen and stitch it ou a ilaunel cloth, and put over it a piece of damp flannel. Steam dry with a hot flat-iron, and then pull out. Fkeity and odd chaii bacKs ore made of squares of linen aud of satin. This seems at first a stiange combination, but the efleut is excellent. Where the squares are joined, cover the seams with laucy stitones. Tne satin squares may be lelt without ornamentation, and mi um work be put ou the linen ones. Em broidery, or painting, or etching ai e tne lavt^ite metnous employed. Fob Beuises or Sfbains.—Bathe the part w cold water until you get ready a decoction ot wormwood and vinegar. Wheu the herb is fresh gathered, pound tire leaves, wet with vinegar, and bind on, and when the herb is dry put it in the vinegar and let it boil a short tune; then batne the bruises with the decoc tion and bind on the herb. Queen's drops are excellent for lunch eon. Take a quarter of a pound of but ter, a quarter ot a pound of sifted su gar, three eggs, six ounces of flour, and a quarter of a pound of currants. Drop them out a little larger than nutmegs on paper placed in a tin, aud bake iu a very hot oven. Sweet Afplb Pickles.—Take sweet apples, peel and quarter them, and boil until tender in vinegar and wafer: to one pound of viflegar add two pounds of sugar; heat the vinegar and dissolve the sugar iu it; add cloves aud cinna mon, and pour it over the apple while hot. Ckabooal forms an unrivaled poul tice lor wounds and old sores. It is al so invaluable for what is called proud fieeh. It is a great disinfectant. It sweetens the air if placed in shallow dishes around the apartment, and water is also purified by its use. Silver should never be washed with soap ii you wish it to retain its original lustre. When it requires polishing use a piece of soft leather aud whiting, and rub hard. An excellent polish for zinc or tin is made of three pints of water, one ounce of nitno acid, two ounces of emery, and eight ounses of pnmicestone shaken well together. Fob chapped lips mix two tablespoon fuls of clarified honey, with a few drops of lavender water or any other pertume, and anoint the Ups frequently. Kitchen tables may be made as white as snow if washed with hard soap and wood ashes. Floors look best scrubbed with oold water, soap* and wood ashes. Sfbios of wintergreon or ground ivy will drive away red ante; branches of wormwood will serve the same purpose for black ante mSt ▼•■•ration of th« Monkey. Victor Jacquemont estimates that the Bengal Presidency alone contains sixteen hundred monkey asylums, supported chiefly by the very poorest das? of the population. In the rural district of Ne- paul tve banumans have their aacred groves, and keep together in .roops of fifty or sixty adults, and, in spite of bard times, these associations multiply like the mon astic enters ot medieval Europe; bat they must all be provided for, though the na tives should have to eke out their crops with the wild rice of the Jiimna swamp jungles. 'The strangest part of the superstition Is that this charity results by no means from a feeling of benevolence toward animals in general, but from tne exclusive venera tion of a special subdivision of tbe monkey tribe. An orthodox Hindoo must not willingly take the life of the humblest fel low creature, but he would not move a Anger to save a starving dog, and has no hesitation in stimulating a beast of burden with a dagger-like goad and other contri vances that would invoke the avenging powers of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Nor would he shrink from extreme measures in defend ing his fields from the ravages of low-caste monkeys. Dr. Allen Mackenzie once saw a swarm of excited natives runnoing to ward an orchard where the shaking of the branches betrayed the presence of arboreal marauders. Some of.them carried flings, others clubs and cane spears. But soon they came back crestfallen. “What’s the matter?” inquired the doctor; “did they get away from you?” “Kapa-Mum,” was the laconic reply, sacred monkeys.’’ Holy baboons that must not be interrupted in their little pas times. They had expected to And a troop of common makaqnes, wanderoos, or other profane four handers, and returned on tip toe, like Marryat’s sergeant whe went to arrest an obstreperous drunkard a&d rec ognized his commanding officer. Unarm ed Europeans cannot afford to brave these prejudice.?. Captain Elphinstone’s gar derer nearly lost his life for shooting’a thievish hanuman. s mob of raging bigots chased him from street to street till he gave them the slip in a Mohammedan suburb, where a sympathizing Unitarian helped him to escape through the back alleys. The interference of his country men would hardly have saved him, lor the crowd increased from minute to minut and even women joined in the chase and threatened to cure his impiety with a tur nip-masher. Bill Arp and Sweet Fat*toe*. Pure Food*. It is manifest that al constituents of food must be derived from the vegetable world, and that when such elements enter into the animal body, they are neither new nor iu a purer state. Indeed, for punjty and genuineness of food we need not look beyond the grains, the general products of tbe vegetable world, these containing all the elements ever found in au organized form. These same constituents, reproduc ed iu the animal body, receive no valuable additions, only modifications; these reoro- (luctiona—‘‘second-hand” food—contain ing, as the human and all other bodies do a certain amount of refuse, waste, decaved, or decaying matter. In the grains, vastly improved in quality and method? of prepa ration of late, we are furnished witli a sub- stadtial food, compact, containing the pre cise elements of nourishment found in the human body. Of these the wheat is the prince of grains, containing this nutrition in a marked degree, and is able, according to high authority, if need be, “to sustain human life infloitelv.” It is estimated that the human body, weighing 154 pounds, contains of oxygen, ill pounds, hydrogen, 14; nitrogen, S 12; carbon, 21: rhosphorus, 1, 3 4, calcium, for bones, 2 pounds; with smaller amounts of fluerine, sulphur, cblonna, sodium, iron—to give color to the blood, potassium, magnesium and silicon, found in the hair, teeth and nails—all of which are in wheat, ai d more nearly m the same proportion *8 in tbe body than in any other grain. It is certain, therefore, that wheat, the fruits and pure wafer, if needful or desirable, would well sustain human life, affording more than the average degree of health and vigor. The pure water is a matter of import ance, witn that found in fruits and veg etables, since the human body is composed of about six sevenths of the elements of air and wattr. The other two articles more nearly resembling wheat, in con taining the needed elements of food, are miik,on which the young may live whally, and the egg, which sustains tbe chick, producing bone?, muscles, claws, beak, feathers, all, from two simple substances by no means resembling the products. It may be stated that the albumen of tbe egg is practically the same as that m the hu man body, while the fibrin of the beaf is the chemical equivalent of the gluten of the wheat, either of which may be used alike to make muscle or food strength. For soma time past 1 have been antici pating a big frolic for me and the children, tor my sweet potatoes were very fine, and so the other day we got an early breakfast and set in for the day. It took the plow bey an hour or so to clean off the vines for a start, and I helped him with a four prong hoe when the plow got too full to carry, ’then me and the three little boya indertook to pick up as fast as the plow iumed ’em out I was to give a quarter to the chap who found the burgest potato, which I soon found was bad policy for it made ’em run over and skip a good many little ones and it kept me busy picking up what they had left The frolic was splen did for half a day and 1 enjoyed seeing the big ones roll up to the surface almost as much as 1 did when a boy, but after din- n<ri didn’t feel much like going back, but 1 had to go, and I went and stuck to it until night and we bunched ’em m little piles and covered ’em up with the vines, and tbe next day we went at it again, but I didn’t go with the same aiacnty, and the boys got tired of hunting for the biggest one and one of ’em took tbe headache and laid down in the shade, and 1 thought he might have overworked himself and sent him to the house to rest, and in fifteen minutes he was setting the dog on a cat up a tree and having a builiy me. We only counted on a day and a halt to close out the job, and we worked hard and faith ful, and it tooK us three whole days, and I never saw the like of potatoes on an acre of ground, and towards the heel of the last day. which was yesterday, I was so tired of seeing ’em roll out and picking ’em up 1 wouldn’t have dug another patch if anybody had give it to me. The last day’s digging was among the yarns, and the milky glue tb it ran out of ’em got so thick on my hands 1 had to soak and rub and scrape ’em for an hour to getjit off, and it ain’t all off yet, and my Angers looked like they used to when I bad been hulling walnuts all day Saturday. But l believe in potatoes and take comfort in having plenty of ’em during tbe winter, and I have always felt a feeling of pride and confidence in our sunny South, be cause we could raise to perfection four things that the Yankees can’t, and these are cotton and cowpeas and Bermuda grass and potatoes. W hen our farmers learn how lo raise these things to perfection, we can defy the world and the fiesh, and mighty nigh keep tbe old devil at a res pectable distance. The Quaker's Hat. The first occasion when it came pub’icly came into trouble was in. the year 1668, before no less a personaae than Chief Jus tice Glynn, in connection with which a writer quotes the following,partly in Fox’s own words: “When we were brought into the court wc stood a pretty while with our hats on, amt all wn^quiet, and I was mov ed to say, “Peace be amongst you.” “Why do you not put off your hats?” said the judge to us. We said nothing. ‘ Put ou your hats” said tbe judge again. Still we said nothing. Then said the judge, “The court com mands you to put off your bats.” George Fox then asked tor some scriptu ral instance of any magistrate command- iag prisoners to put off their hats. He next asked to be mown, “either written or printed, any law of England that did command inch a thing.” Then the judge grew very angry and said: “I do not carry my law hooka on my back.* “But,” eaid Fox, “tell me where It i^_ primed in any statute book, that i may read it.” Tbe chief justice cried out, “Prevarica tor! ” and ordered the Quakers to be taken away. When tbey were brought be'ore him again, the chief justice asked whether hats are mentioned at ail is the Rihlef “Yee.” said the Quaker, “in the third of Daniel, where thou mayest read that the tnree children were csst into the flerv fur naces by Nebuchadnezzar’s command, with their coats, their hose, and their hats on, ” Here was a proof that even a heathen king allowed meu to wear hats in hia presence. “This plain instance stopped him,” said Fox,‘‘se he cried again, “Take them away jailor.” Accordingly, we were taken away aud thrust m among thieve?, where we were kept s great while.’ ” Fox’s last declara tion on the subject of tbe hat was made in 1677. “The very Turks, ”he says, “mock at the Christ ai ns in their proverb, say rug; “The Christians spend much of their time in putting off tiieir hats and showing then bare necks to one another. Udum’a Fault An Ola Bath. The oklbathatTriohinopoly, Madras, India, in which Bishop Heber lost his life, suffers from neglect, and steps have been taken by the English Government to secure its preservation. It has been directed that the bath shall be protected by an ornamental iron railing placed at a sufficient distance to prevent interfer ence with tbe water. The bath will re tain its original character and is to be kept filled with water. On a side wall is to be set up a slab bearing tbe follow ing inscription: “In memory of the de voted, accomplished, beloved, and uni versally honored servant of Clod, Regi - nald Heber, D. D., third. Bishop of Cal cutta, aud one of India’s truest aud most loving benefactors, this stone was erec ted in the year 1882. at tbe expense of the Government, on the margin of the bath m which he was drowned while bathing on the 3d of April, 1826. His body was laid nuder the chancel of tire Church of St. John, Triohmopoly, iu the hope of the resurrection of the just to eternal life through Jesus Christ.” Don't sleep iu a draught; don’t go to bed with oold feet, and don’t eat what you do not seed just to save ii In washing muslins and l»wns put a little pulverized borax in the water, and uae but little soap. An Important DUeovery. At the point where the River Euph rates bursts through the Taurus range an important archaeological discovery has bten recently made by a Bavarian gentleman. In a wild, roffiantic dis trict he f> uad a line of mrgalithio mon uments averaging between 16 and 18 metres an height, bearing inscriptions, end in a quite remarkable state of pre servation. Herr Lester, the dsscoverer’s name, has no djonbt that they formed part of some great national sanctuary, dating back some 3000 years or more It is known that there form rly existed at this place a necropolis ot the old Oonrmagene Kings, * o that, it is argued, it seems reasonable to attribute these oolosals monuments to this ancient peo ple, the hereditary foes of the Assyrians. It it estimated that the annual iron pro- dacuon vt the world is 19,487,610 tons, and ot this Great Britain,the United States Germany and France contribute 88.4 per oeat. —the first two 64.8 per cent. A Georgia correspondent says; my neighbor Odnm was in the habit of leav ing his large cotton baskets in the field at night. These baskets were at tbe end of the rows and near the public rood. One night he ’eft seven of these baskets in the field, Next morning two or three of thrm were missing. It had rained the night before, and it was not difficult to fellow the track of a one- horse wagon that had evidently carried away the baskets. Mr. Odum, with a trusty negro, who was also interested iu the cotton, puisued. fo lowing the track witbont difficulty till it brought them to the humble residence of George Wash ington, a colored citizen, where they fonud cotton spread ont upon the floor, and wet—evidently but recently placed there. The man and his wife drnied that it bad been stolen; said it was their own cotton, and so far it seemed not possible to identify the cotton. How ever, they secured George and then con tinued to follow the wagon track to be yond the house about half a mile, in the woods, where they lound the wagou and empty baskets. Th<§ was too muoh for the namesake of tbe immoital patriot. He owned up, and said: “Gentlemen, I cannot tell a he —I stoled dut cotton, 1 cou.dn’t help it. It wasn’t my fault. It was Mr. Odum’s fault. He had no busi ness to put dat cotton so fair to be took. I can’t tell no lie ’bout it. I took dat cotton, aud tne only thing dat troubled me at the time was dat my waggin wasn’t big enough to take all dem baskets. I’d a tuck all seven if I had been had room m dat. one-horse waggin. It was Mr. Odom’s fault. Bis Nom*. Napoleon was not the first person to declare a preference for men with big noses. A century before bis birth, an old author, in response to his own ques tions pronounced “the biggest nose the best nose," instancing the case of Roman emperors. Noma’s nose was half a foot long, and earned for him the honorable sur-name of Pompilins. According to Plutarch, Lyourgns and Solou ran to the nose, and so did ail the Roman kings, excepting Tarquinus, and he was dethror A Homer's noee was seven inches long. A French wit ter says, “Large nosee are held in honor everywhere in the world, except among he Chineee and the Tartars.’'