The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, November 08, 1882, Image 1
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|? WEEKLY EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1882. V,9.T^TJfiTTVJ\~T^ |Q^A :^:fj|jj
. The Flowers and the Soul.
.* All through the lonely, dreary "winter days,
Some fragrant plants ceased not to grow and
S bloom,
y Enlivened by a hearth-fire's steady blaze,
Where ruddy coals defied the gelid gloom,
Which outdoors did abound.
i ^ Quite lustily they throve, and seemed to
jfcjfe steal,
T' For increase, each pale sunbeam that down
Jr shone;
Well -were they cared for, and were made
xL to feel
The impress of that sabtle charm-which home |
So gently girds around.
Until the joyous springtime came apace,
An ear its mystic echoes seemed to ring,
And nature showed {a bright and kindly '<
face,
So that the birds no longer feared to sing
Upon the budding boughs.
i". - ~
Then there arrived a very bosy day;
The close-grouped plants were parted, lifted !
forth
And carried to a garden, far away,
All greenly beautiful, which toward the north :
2Jo prospect wide allows.
Ah, much we missed the tender, leafy
: >." i
screen,
The pretty blossoms 'gainst the window pane! j
Regretting then at first, we did not deem |
m. That only then departed hUd their reign, j
Invery sooth, begun. -- -^=7-" ?^ j
- ?"
And here we see a likeness to the soul,
dwells at hf^t within a Dleasant room.
While bound to earth, yet ever lies its goal ;
In Bealah's shining meads beyond the tomb, I
Where glows the Eternal Sun.
?Boston Bulletin.
?=
Running Away From a Rival.
"'Tis a burning shame," mused Alf j
Singleton, discontentedly, " that amid I
so many fair and charming women
one cannot be sure of finding a true, I
I disinterested heart. The poor ones are j
generally given to fortune hunting^ i
while cvc-n the heiresses seem none too '
i
high or proud to angle for a few extra i
thousands: If I could believe in the
genuine goodness of any of them, it
would be?but, pshaw!" he broke off,
gloomily, "no doubt she is just as '
heartless as the rest, if one chose to |
ocaij tiic mattei*
And the misanthropic young bache- j
lor bit off the end of a fresh cigar half
savagely, as, glancing in through the ,
open window, he saw Esmeralda Hue i
smiling sweetly up into the face of an
elderly gentleman whom he knew to
be the possessor of a handsome forv
tune.
& "Just like the rest of her sex," he j
continued, moodily. " She would sell j
KAoiifr?AT>lr tnpk Trillin atIy" I
HCi JUUUil Uiauv; V^LJ U\s\s 1>
for that old curmudgeon's half million.
And yet," with a tender, reflective
look softening his features, " it is only !
two evenings since that her face
changed color and her eyes grew moist
at my reading of ' Locksley Hall.' Aj
: . . man might have staked his life just
I J ihe3_n^ h^^iii?L?^^Ie- oL^-siJ
ficing-*^TTC2iing for love's sweet sake.;
WF** And here she is, smiling like an angel
imnn old Monevbags! Bah! I feel;
like turning my back forever upon
them all."
Svt r
But he didn't. After one or two
more hesitating turns up and down
the piazza he threw his cigar away,
and, entering the ballroom, walked
straight up to Esmeralda and asked
her for a waltz.
The young lady seemed much inter
ested in her conversation with " Old
* Moneybags," as Alf had disrespectfully
dubbed the wealthy Judge Ingram.
Still, at Alf Singleton's approach,
a flush of unmistakable pleasure
rose to her fair cheek, and, excusing
herself to her companion, she
Avas soon gliding through the mazes of
a perfect waltz to music that might
have stirred the pulses of an anchorite.
Alf was an exquisite dancer, and, as
he passed the judge with his arm en
circling Esmeralda's graceful form and
L his handsome head bent low in conversation
with his lovely partner, he was
quite sure he detected an expression of
jealous envy upon tne eider gentleman's
face.
'l "Ahar he thought, with a thrill of
ungenerous triumph; " he is probably
p, thinking just now that money can't
. buy everything. TTell, after all, youth
and good looks are better than riches,
and if Miss Esme has made t}p her
mind tc^ choose the latter, I will, at
least, make her realize to the fullest
extent the happiness that her choice
JlT will cost her."
And he was as good as his word,
2Tever before had he been so brilliant,
p. - ^~inCer^ttng-,'-3o-?t tractive? JElsme^
co*.morl <1^ an&hamw. too. in
y: ' his society, and so charmingly apprejfe
ciative of his efforts to win her regard.
that he felt almost inclined to think he
had misjudged her. For one brief,
blissful interval life began to look all
frv r\r\r\y Allhf-tAftnfPfl
W MVWi S*vv*w wv^v^vx*
&>. Alf until in an evil moment he introL
duced the subject of the lady's wealthy
admirer.
" He is the most charming old gentle^
man in the world," declared Esmeraida,
with the prettiest blush imaginL
able.
" Indeed, Miss Esme, the judge is
Pk fortunate in having. such a lovely
champion," said Alf, a half-sneer but
~ . partially concealed in his light laugh, j
K-1 "wonder if it is to his own charms, |
or those of his half-million, that he
owes the happiness of your?love?" j
He had not meant to say that last
Ki word, but since he had spoken it he
gglr" breathlessly watched for its effect.
Pl^ If she had no ambition as he had j
ascribed to her, this was surely a splen- j
did opportunity to disclaim it.
P^v "Mr. Singleton," she exclaimed, im- j
. petuousiy, a flash of real anger in her j
tt- blue gray eyes, " such a question does
h no honor either to your head or heart. |
Judge lactam is a noble man. and I
should think of him just the same if
he had not a dollar in the world."
Alfs heart sank, and, as the waltz |
BB&vfc*-.. was ended, he led her to a seat, and
soon found himself once more pacing
moonlit piazza in bitter restless- i
spirit. He did not believe that
Hk "ioni tae iud5e? despite the eviv
or which she had displaved.
~ girl like that could love
-h to be her father. He I
! still believed that she meant to wed
| him for his wealth, but that her pride
i impelled her to make the world think
: otherwise.
Well, he loved her, he reflected, with
a sad, half-mocking smile; yes, he
1 loved her, this fair, sweet girl who
; had seemed so very near his highest
! ideal of womanhood. But he would
I never lay his heart at her dainty feet
to be cast aside for another man's gold.
Yet he could not stay to be tortured
by the sight of a rival's happiness.
No; before Esmeralda opened her
lovely eyes upon a new day of triumph
he would be far away from thrc miserable
watering-place!
^ "T5
The sun vras setting upon a beautiful
mountain landscape in the far
\v est. ah singleton was comommg
business "with pleasure, and, -while
business led him to the pretty "Western
town whose modest houses were scattered
picturesquely about on the level
plain at the foot of the mountains, he
was tempted by its beauties to remain
and explore the many points of interest
in the "vicinity.
But it was not until, in turning the
leaves of the hotel register, his eyes
fell upon the name of Judge Ingram
that he bethought him of the fact that
Esme's home was in the West?per
JUL<xl>?? ill IjU<1V vci^v i/uy)n, ivi au^uu jllv
knew. He remembered that she had
sometimes spoken of her Western
home, though she had never named the
particular spot thus favored. That
Judge Ingram should cross his path
again in this faraway locality, aroused
all the old-time love and jealousy which
he had thought buried long ago.
" Judge Ingram is here, I see," he
said, speaking with affected carelessness
to the clerk. "I bad a slight
acqujuntance with him in the East.
Quite wealthy, is he not ?"
" Yes, sir," replied the clerk, politely,
u but he is nor here at present. He is
visiting his wife's relatives just now, i
believe, and you could probably find
him there. It is but a stone's throw
from the hotel."
a TTJc volofivoc V ophnpr? A If
JLJLlO 'I XXV k? X 1 VV^AVVV* - - - "
And they are? "
" Colonel Rue's family?old and
honored residents of this city. Why,
sir, didn't you know?"
"Xo," said Alf, briefly; "the
judge was not married when I knew
him."
And, thanking his informant, he
turned on his heel and left the hotel,
as the clerk supposed, to seek the
judge, but in reality to hide the
agitation which this sudden confirmation
of his t>ars caused him.
Poor Alf! It was hard work choking
back the bi<* lump that would stick in
?. :V > . x
his throat at the bare though* Rno
hpinor nnnt.hpr man's wife. To
think that he had fled from the mere
possibility of his rival's triumphant
happiness at that Eastern wateringplace
only to confront the bitter fact
in this far away Western town!
His heart was swelling with indignant
sorrow as he turned to climb a
hillside whose uneven paths and jutting
boulders offered a chance for
action and something of an escapevalve
to his excited feelings. Turning
a sharp curve in the path, it
j seemed only natural and a part of his
j luckless fate that he should suddenly
i come almost face to face with the two
i who were uppermost in his thoughts.
They were seated upon the fiat sur
! face of a large projecting rock, as if
! resting after a long ramble over tlie
! mountain. Esme was busying herself
I with pressing some freshly-gathered
! wild flntvPTx hpf-swpn the leaves of a
j book she held, while the judge alter]
nateiy watched her at her fascinating
j task, and looked away over the grand
| and picturesque landscape with an ex|
pression of serene and perfect happi|
ness on his noble old countenance exasperating
to behold.
Alf had just time to grind his teeth
together savagely ere Esme glanced
up from her flowers, and for a full
half minute they looked straight into
each other s eyes. lie noted the warm
color slowing rising in the clear, fair
cheek of the woman he had loved and
lost, until a deep, rich crimson dyed
the lovely face from forehead to chin.
I Then he raised his hat, with a slight
smile of triumph, and turning abruptly
on his heel vanished from Esme's
sight before the judge had even withdrawn
Ms contented, admiring gaze
from the magnificent panorama spread
out before them.
Esmeralda did not mention her mo[
mentary vision of her old lover, but
i the carnation roses glowed in her
cheek long afterward, and dreams
i TvlnVh sIia t.hnncrnf. dead and almost
I ???*"
i buried out of sight came to light again
with startling vividness, and she knew
that she had never ceased to love Alf
Singleton, and never should until her
dying day.
What did that strange expression in
his eyes mean when he looked at her
just now? There was the same look
which she had once thought was love
in those delightful days when they
wandered together by the summer sea;
and the same half-mocking light which
had so often marred the manly beauty
of his countenance, only both were
now intensified. Yet if ho had loved
her then, why had he gone off so suddenlv
without a word of explanation
or farewell?
But while Esme was thus puzzling
her brain over a problem which had
often troubled her, the judge was happily
unconscious that anything had occurred
to disturb his fair companion's
tranquillity. Therefore, when he almost
ran over my hero that same evening
in turning a street corner, he "was honestly
glad to see him, and almost overwhelmed
poor Alt with the heartiness
of his greeting.
"What torture is there imposed upon
man by the requirements of civility
comparable to that which forces him
to congratulate a successful rival upon
the winning of that which was the
object of his owr learest hopes? This
! was the ordeal poor Alf had to go j
j through, and his mariner was very !
' cold and constrained as lie did so.
| "Yes, my bov," said the judge |
v.c.o?Yi?rirr liL-ft cnncViinp iinnn hi<5 I
. AAIW ~ "A'""
; wretcL ed listener, "lama happy man.
; My wife is one of the loveliest of
i women, and belongs to one of the
j finest old families in this place?the
I Hues. But I believe you know them."
i "I had the honor of Miss Esme's
! acquaintance last summer at Cape
May," said Alf, trying to speak nat- J
urally.
r?. \ V. **AA vs /-* A r\ re ' ' CO i/1 I
> c^, ^uau^ uu^, ocwvi vi&v |
| judge, shaking bis curly old head at <
| Alf with his brightest smile. " I once |
j tliought there was a very promising
I love affair going on in that quarter,
but I was an old fool just then?in '
love myself, and fancying that everybody
else was. But come round to the
colonel's and we'll talk over old times,
Singleton. Esme will be delighted to
meet vou again, I'm sure." And the
! judge moved off. scattering smiles of
sunshine as he went.
" He hit the mark that time,"
thought Alf, as he walked back to his
hotel, moodily resolving to leave the
town by that evening's train." " There
is no fool like an old fool. He fondly
believes that Esme Rue married him
for love, while I know that it was only
for his money. If he had seen the
way she blushed to-day at the mere
sight of her old lover he would hardly
have invited me around to talk over
eld times with his wife. An old fool,
indeed, I pity him, with all his wealth.
But I'm not quite villain enough to
accept his invitation. No, I'll pack my
valise once more, and see if I can find
a spot where I shall not be tormented
by the sight of that old simpleton's
happiness."
Alf kept his word, and two hours
later, valise in hand, was walking
firmly toward the dej>ot whence the
coming train would soon, bear him
from Esmeralda's too fascinating i
neighborhood.
i
It was not strictlv necessary that he
j
should pass her home on his way to the
I depot, but that was ona temptation
j which he found it impossible to resist.
In his heart he longed to cross
that shrubbery-dotted yard and vinewreathed
portico; to enter that white
cottage and clasp for one moment the
dear white hand of the heartless wo
man he had loved; to gaze down into
the depths of those blue gray eyes
until he brought the conscious blush
to her cheek, that blush which told
him that he alone reigned king of her
heart, wife though she was.
Some men would have done so; but
Alf contented himself with walking
past very slowly, gazing at the open
windows so intensely that, in the
"gruwiag dusk, he almost brushed
against some one leaning over the low
white gate before he knew where he
was. One swift glance and then they
clasped hands over the gate as by a
i common irresistible impulse. Esme
I l-l-.-l. '? Uft rtAlll/1 PflA fliof
WcU> UiUMiilig UCCjJ.M' UCUUU1U ott wmi
even in the dusk?but as for poor Alf,
he "was very white and his breath came
quickly.
"Esme!" he exclaimed. Then, remembering,
he added: "I beg your
pardon, Mrs. Ingrain. Let me congratulate
you."
"Mrs. Ingram!" echoed Esmeralda.
"What do mean, Mr. Singleton?"
" I mean to congratulate you upon
vour brilliant marriasre," said Alf,
somewhat bitterly. "I met your husband,
the judge, an hour or two since*
and he invited me to call and see you.
However?"
" My husband?the judge?" repeated
Esme, looking as if she thought him
bereft of his senses. "What do you
mean, Mr. Singleton?"
" Are you not Judge Ingram's wife ?"
he asked, hoarsely.
" Indeed I am not," she answered, a
mischievous look beginning to dawn
in her eyes.
"Then, who the deuce is his wife?
He told me he had married into
Colonel Rue's family, and asked me to
call, saying 'Esme' would he pleased to
see me. And I saw you together today.
Xow, what does it all mean?"
" It means," said Esmerelda, laughing
now, "that J ridge Ingram married .
my father's youngest sister, and, being
here now, is stopping at our house.
And I assure you, Mr. Singleton, he is
the most charming uncle in this
world."
1 A 1-f V?orr*il
XWX\\^Vi. M\s >' IXUvl \JJLVkJUjLUjUVU
| and happy all at once.
"Tell me one thing, Esme," he
pleaded. "Was he your uncle when
you told me you loved him that night
as we were waltzing at Cape May
"Xo," she said, smiling; "but X
knew he soon would be, and I had a i
pcrfect right to lovehitn even then." |
" Oh, Esme, why did you not give j
me ail explanation tnen t
" Because you did not ask for one."
"Xo" (very much ashamed of himself).
"A young fool is worse than
an old one after all. But, Esme, 11
loved you so, and I believed you were J
; going to marry the judge for his i
j money, and I could not stay to see it. i
i You don't know how miserable I have j
j been."
j " "Was that why you left us without
i o "*TT\rrl VAn f/irVl "Kr\TT 0"
IV M ViUj T VSU Ks\s ?
" Indeed it was !"
Alf dropped his valise to the ground, |
for Esme's crimson facs was hidden on j
the rounded arms, crossed over the;
low, square gate-post, and he was very j
anxious to lift it from its hiding-place j
and see the love-light shining in those ;
bewitching blue-grav eves. And thus ;
o ? . ? I
we leave them to talk over the old, old !
- A. _ .1 i -1 - A1 I
siory in uie deepening twrnguu uj. tutj
that far-of! Western town.
Texas papers tell of a young man
named Harrison, who was attacked by i
j three cowboys and three Indians in the
; nation, and, after a bloody battle, won j
| the field. The Indians were killed and
I all the cowboys wounded.
; The aggregate system of the Penn- ,
j sylvania company covers 10,015 miles j
I of track. I
FOR THE FARM AM) HOME.
Liquid Ulanare,
"N. D. P.," Xemaha county, Kan-1
sas, asks : " Why one cannot save the j
liquid manure from his cattle, by i
allowing the drains from the stalls to I
empty into casks, -which can be carted I
ujll ctb ulccll <ti> ucvcdsaiy <uiu apputru
to the lands under cultivation ?" This
would be an excellent method. The
point is to save the drainage, a.nd it is
not, as our correspondent has been informed,
necessary for the liquid to be
kept in tanks until it gets old. If the
method suggested is most convenient,
adopt it; if found more convenient to
have ths liquid manure taken, up by
absorbents, adopt that method. Any
plan that will best save the liquid
manure and put it upon the land in
better than the usual no method, that
allows this valuable fertilizer to run to
waste.?Agriculturist.
Potato Seed.
My first purchase of the Early Rose
was four quarts, says a correspondent
of the American Cultivator. It was
advised, in order to get the largest
yield fiom the seed, to cut up and
leave but one eye to a piece, and drop
one piece in each hill. That advice
was followed, and I will new say thai; ,
that crop has never been excelled in .
size of tuber or in weight from the same :
number of hills. Others have testified .
to the same truth, but still persist in i
using more seed than is needful. My .
rule now is two eyes to each hill, hills .
not over fifteen inches apart, and I can ,
see no reason to change this practice.
The advantage of light seeding is twofold?it
is a matter of economy and
there will be a higher average in size
of tuber than if too much ssed be
used.
Bruises on Horses*
The" veterinary editor of the Prairie
Farmer, in answer to correspondents,
says : Farm horses are in some seasons
more tbaD in others?in wet aDd
warm seasons especially?subject to
galled shoulders and backs, and which
when not timely or properly attended
to are apt to produce troublesome
sores. The skin not only is abraded
by the collar and saddle, but the flesh
irritated and inflamed, and if the irritation
is kept up an incborous dis- :
charge takes place which is difficult
to heal without giving the horse prolonged
rest or freedom from work. '
"F'hen a saddle or collar gall is observed :
the harness should be looked to, and :
the pressing points which have caused i
the sores should be removed. It should 1
be made a rule to sponge off the accumulated
sweat and dirt from the collar
and saddle part of the harness, as
well .as from the shoulders and back (
of the horse, when he comes in from ,
work. A lotion should then be used
to annoir.t the bruised parts every
night, alter they nave Deen anea wun
a soft cloth. Such lotion may consist
of two quarts of clear lime-water, to ;
which is added half a pint of linseed ,
oil and two ounces of powdered sugar
of lead (the latter being first dissolved ,
in a little warm water). Mix the
whole well together, and keep it in a ,
corked bottle for use.
The Pig for the Pen.
In selecting the pig best suited for .
converting food into pork there are (
several matters to be observed, and .
these should be naramount at the out- .
set, as no after care can compensate (
for errors of selection. Fineness of
bone insures having but little offal,
and a pig with fine bone seldom disap- ?
points his owner when he is slaugh- .
tered. A broad, dished face, with 1
snout shoit and turned up, indicates .
an appetite to fatten, and is one of the (
surest indications of a good pig. Xo ,
hog should have bristles, as these have
been bred away from all of the best .
breeds, and they will not be tolerated !
at present on any respectable farm, for .
fhoT imliVntp rpst.lpssnftss ! ,
~ ? J
and preponderance of offal. Besides
these outward indications, which in
elude squareness of form, fineness of .
hair and dopth and length of carcass, .
the propensities of the pig should be 1
observed. He should not be a squealer (
nor should he be restless. He should .
eat quieuy. aim ;uter ms juuuger is appeased
should patiently lie down, without
even traveling around his pen. As
a rule, the disposition of the pig and ^
his propensities correspond to his form, 1
and but few errors will be made if the 1
selection ol' the pig is made as directed.
Xo corn should be fed till just '
previous to hardening the fat, and all ]
heating or fat-producing food should 1
be avoided as much as possible during '
the summer. A pig when in the pen
will do well enough on vegetables, refuse,
etc., if given a little bran or bran 1
slop daily, ;is corn can do its duty later i
in the season.?Philadelphia Record.
<
Fnnd t>n#I Ercrrise for Fowl*.
In cold weather fowls cannot live
outside some sheltered place, nor, like
the grouse and some other birds, subsist
on berries. There are no insects,
no vegetables to feed on, and the possibility
of picking up grain when the |
ground is frozen or covered with snow J
is not to be entertained at all. The ;
rinmpstm hf>n is not a wild fowl rtow. i
"whatever she may have been primarily, ^
so she requires shelter, care and proper .
food under domestication, and as much ,.
in accordance with habit as possible, i <
summer and winter. I ^
"When the fowls are deprived!,
of outdoor range toward winter i ]
flesh must then be substituted j j
for insect food, for vegetables i,
? cabbage, cauliflower, turnips, i
carrots, potatoes, etc., and also a rota- j.
tjon ot gram to Keep in em neaimy ana ,
thrifty. Give only enough to keep up j (
eagerness for food when tL? feeding ^
time arrives.
To be a good breeder is to be one
who is willing, in part at least, to <
give back an equivalent for what he i
o ;
receives from his properly tended 1
flock. j'
Fowls cannot be expected to do well, <
in too close confinement, even if they
are provided with, good food; exercise
is essential to health, and if debarred
from this by not having ample range
they must have some way provided for
them that they can scratch and dust
themselves daily.-within the narrow
limits of their ' quarters. ? Poultry
Monthly. '
Heading of Cabbase.
How many of bur readers can tell
us why the cabbage makes a large
compact head instead of a loose one,
like the collard ? In the wild state the
parent plant does not head. There the
process is this: The plant seeds up its
flower stem in the spring, bears seed
and dies, and the; seed are scattered
upon the ground, and almost at once
the young plants 'begin to grow. The
next year the new. plants bear seed.
And thus the process goes on indefinitely.
But the process with the cultivated
plant is dift'\fent. In this case
the parent, after mntnring
its seed, dies, and the seed are
gathered by man and kept till the late
fall, or perhaps the following spring,
before they are planced. Thus time
is lost to the plant and its tendency
to flower is checked, and it
does not bear seed because
the natural growing season of the
plant (late summer and fall) is delayed
too long, and the plant husbands
its resources for another season. Were
the seeds planted as soon as gathered
the new plants would make no heads,
but run to seed the very first spring.
This is why some of our late varieties
of cabbage, if planted too early in the
spring, have a tendency to run to seed
f-Vio firof. v?!ir a v. snmpf.imps t.hft
It is not until the time has been delayed
several months that the disposition
to form heads is acquired. For
this reason the older the cabbage seed
are the better they will head. The
seed of the present year's growth
should not be planted before next
spring, and in all cases where it is desired
to plant seed in the fall, old seed
should, if possible, be procured. The
seed of cabbage, turnip, mustard, kale,
etc., keep a good many years, and are
Generally better to plant than the new
A cabbage left to mature seed should
be pruned several times during the
spring.?Rural Messenger.
Recipes.
Breakfast Cake.?Take some rice
that has been boiled soft, twice as
much flour as rice, a little fine Indian
meal and a little yeast. 10x it with
cold water and let it rise over night.
This will make a very fine biscuit for
breakfast.
Boiled Lamb.?Use the upper part
of a large leg of lamb, or a small one
entire; wipe-it Wit'h a damp cloth,
chop off the end of the leg bone and
put it over the .fire in sufficient boiling
water to cover it; season it with a level
tablespoonful of salt and a small red
pepper or a dozen pepper-corns, and
boil it gently about two hours, or until
^uite tender. When it is done serve
it with a sauce made as follows: Beat
to a smooth sauce, without heating,
half a pint of current jelly and a table
spoonful of mild made mustard.
A Cheap Soup?Wash and cut up
without peeling two quarts of tomatoes,
to which add a sliced onion ; stew
till quite soft; then strain through a
cullender and afterward through a
wire sieve ; have ready a quart or more
of milk thickened with a tablespoonful
of corn starch, and a dish of croutons
(bread cut into very small pieces and
fried one minute in very hot fat) ;
sea;;on with butter, salt and pepper,
md when all is ready mix milk and
hivmntftpc; in the tureen. and serve im
mediately, with the croutons thrown
Dn top, or served in a dish by themselves.
Apple Snow.?Pare and core tart,
juicy apples; cook with just enough
water to keep from burning; sweeten
with white sugar and beat perfectly
free from lumps. When ccld add the
juice of half a lemon, and for a dish
large enough for six persons, the
whites of two eggs; beat to a stiff
froth, arid to the apple a spoonful at a
;ime; beat the mixture until it will
irop whole from the platter. Serve
with whipped cream.
Household Hints.
If your flat-irons are rough or soiled,
put some salt on a flat surface and rub
the face of the iron over it several
times.
The best way to clean common tinware
is to take a damp cloth and dip
it in common soda, and ruo the wars
briskly, after which wipe it perfectly
1IV.
Spirits of ammonia, diluted with
water, if applied with a sponge or flannel
to discolored spots of the carpets or
garments, will often restore the color
To clean a black silk dress take
Dne quart of >spft water and put
into it an old kid glove and boil it
iown to one pint; then take a sponge
sofi piece of flannel and sponge it
2>ver; then iron it on the wrong side
vrhile it is damp. It will look bright
a.nd new and will be quite stiff. For
Light-colored silk take a white glove.
"
The Cost of the Fences.
It has been estimated by BradstreeVs
ihat there arc six million miles of
L trinjc in L/iic in uv^c*. uoaww, one wov vi.
which has been more than $2,000,000,300,
or about $625 a mile. Formerly
the fences of farms -were built of
wood, and the annual repairs put a
heavy tax upon the farmers. The
last census shows that the cost of
such repairs in 1S77 was $73,629,000.
Most farm fenccs are now built of
wire, and sixty thousand miles of
" 1^ TfTAWA ImI llf in 1 QQ1 of A AA^f
MlV/ii iciiuc ac vuuu xxx xuui, auawoi
Df $10,000,00(1, or about half the cost
per mile of the old wooden fences.
President Barrios, of Gautemala,
Central America, receives -a salary of
?1,000 a month. He has been in office
twelve years, and is worth $8,000,000.
Hie debt of his country is $9,000,000,
ind growing.
~~2
THE SALMON WH EEL.
A Novel Way of Catching- Fish on the Columbia
River, Oregou.
The following Ave clip from a Columbia
River (Oregon) letter to the
York Ecening Post:
"How are so many fish caught? I
haven'vnoticed any nets."
"Xets are of no account now. Go
on/1 cao fV>c?^:l > ?: .7 at? ?
ow uiv .-van, sHiu uie captain, its
he bent over aLd. rang the slowing bel'
for the Dalles. \
Some time after I tj*w the "snail,"
and a most ingenious, Vccessful, detestable
engine of destruction it was.
The owner had admirably fluted it
just above the Upper Cascades, the
north bank of the river, the so^th
bank being at that point almost impassable
to the fish. It was placed jusl
where the swift edge of the currenl
makes a most inviting eddy, through
which the salmon must naturally "run"
on their way up streauu ,?J^re the cur..rent
was about eight feet deep. The
salmon never swinf Tower than fotu
feet below the surface. Erected ovei
what would be the entire width of the
"run" was a huge frame. Suspended
within this an immense wheel revolved,
so adjusted on pulleys as to rise
and fall with the changing depth oi
water. Upon the spokes or arms of this
wheel, eight in number, were fastened
as m;my wire nets, each thirty feet in
diameter, loose and baggy and movable,
resembling in appearance the pouch oi
a pelican. The current itself is the
force that turns the wheel like an undershot.
Very slowly it goes around.
The great scoop nets spread lazily
through the water, one after another,
at just the depth where they are most
fatal. Their arms almost pause and
float motionless through the stream.
But, though slowly, the great wheel
called from this motion the "snail,"
does move, and with just the right
tardiness, for as the nets emerge from
the water they are so filled with the
struggling prey that Jlr. Williams,
owner of one of the wheels, pronounced
800 an average catch. At the proper
angle above the net is turned upside
down. Its contents are dumped along
the arm. of the wheel to what might
be termed its hub, striking which
they rebound along a trough to the
bank. It is a stirring but cruel
sight, for there are many small
and unmarketable fish in every
"haul" The theory is that these are
returned to the water and live, but it
is like the "returns of the killed and
wounded" after a battle?so stunned
and maimed are they that few survive.
The wheel presents a busy
scene, ana tne proats inuso ue euurmous;
for the simple contrivance costs
but about ?400, and requires but hall
a dozen attendants. There are four of
these wheels on the river, and a gentleman
engaged in the fishing business informed
me that the calculation was they
caught about half the salmon that gc
up. There is a wheel on Bradford's
island, abo\ e Bonneville, the work ol
which has become so notorious (not
merely killing merchantable fish, but
in so doing destroying a dozen times
as many of a size as yet too small foi
commerce) that the public press has
demanded its suppression. But all
these wheels, as has been said, are "the
production of a brain which aims tc
j live without work." Probably
i from 2,500 to 8,000 salmon
(for proprietors of the wheels are very
chary about giving actual figures),
large and small, are caught every hour,
night and day, of the week, save from
Saturday to Sunday night. Compute
the amount. I know of one actua]
catch of 6,400 salmon in a day?large
fish, suitable for the canneries. An
experienced fishermen stated it as the
result of his observation that about
one in ten of those caught were used.
Even of the number used, packed and
sent down in barrels, one wheel kept
the large cannery at "VVarrendale busy
all through the season, and then the
cannery couldn't take care of all!
Looking at the descending stream oi
half-dead fish literally " broken on the
wheel," I could not but regard the
question for a moment in the light
of an angler and an economist.
" * ."l ? _-1-i. XT LL
jaeanwmie, uay auu ni^uo, uie ~ uaibarous
and murderous" (lam using an
intelligent fisherman's phrase) "snail"
wheel is kept going, and the salmon
are literally corraled by millions in
the very haunts where they go to bring
forth their kind. Meanwhile, too, all
along the Sound to Alaska, the larger
part of the fish so plentifully caught
nrp. wasted, iust as the buffalo were in
Montana, and the tendency, is to the
same result?extinction. "What will
become of an industry which supports
10,000 men when the price of its
product has fallen three-fourths during
the past few years?
The Secret of Advertising1.
Some merchants use but very little
judgment about advertising. So long
as they have an " ad." in some paper,
J'<l>lUg lUi XL, tllCj tUlUn. 10 OUUI^ICHO,
and trust to luck for the consequences.
They shut their eyes and discharge
their gim in the air, and wait for the
game to drop. They aim for duck and
get crow.
Advertising requires as much good
judgment as any other part of a merchant's
business.
Judicious advertising always pays.
There are some business men who
seldom advertise, and they are always
complaining about their trade. They
treat advertising as improvident shift
less ieuows ao roois. ? nen trie sun
shines they do not need repairing, and
when it rains they cannot patch them.
When trade is fair they see no need of
advertising, and when trade is dull
they cannot afford to advertise.
Moral?Repair a leaky roof in fair
weather, and advertise in all seasons.
Advertising pays all parties, and
better interest than any other commercial
investment.
\v nen a oanK oecomes unsteady a
depositor is likely to lose his balance,
xJying Cariosities.
I Seven hundred and twenty pounds
' is the show weight of Hannah Batters
>: by, the biggest woman in the business. :
kI On the scales she would probably go |
' i a little above 500. It is an easy thing |
. j to make fat women look 200 or 30G j
j pounds heavier than they are. Mr& !
I Battersby, it will be remembered, car- ;
i ried her husband, the living skeleton, j
I out of the old Broadway museum at j
j the time of the fire and saved his life, i
! She has a beautiful daughter, who is !
j living with her father in Penn- j
; sylvania. The next largest woman |
; is Jessie TValdron, a sixteen-year-old [
mountain of flesh, who was born and ;
reared in Greenpoint, Long Island. |
; She is six feet six inches high, and j
' -weighs about 450 pounds. On the
- U ls she is put down as weighing 60C
l pourj3# Emilie Hill is the lightest oi
, the fatsyomen, -weighing only about
_ i 250 pounds. She is only four feet
'r hlfii, and\-ig ijer immense cireum*
, i ference that^akes her a great cnri,
I osity. Pat "wov^n are easy to pick
t ; up. Showmen hiH.-women all over
J | the country that wffly}0, and by add
j ing 200 or 300 pounds t* their weight
_ ! on the gorgeous canvas thty awe the
; : public with their immensity.
Living skeletons are the result ol
^ I disease, and cannot be. manufactured, j
| While, doubtless, consumption ahflkj
1 i dyspepsia have made a few respectable
: skeletons, the cause of their thinness
! is. for the most nart. inexnlicable. Xo
' j skeleton of consequence is shown who
? has not been examined by more doctors
, | than all the other curiosities put to!
gether. Calvin Edson, who died ten
i years ago, and who, singularly enough,
| was a violinist, came into prominence
j twenty years ago, and was the first
j living skeleton of account to be ex- I
> j hibited. Isaac TV. Sprague is still alive :
; j and enjoying the comforts of home- !
| life iix Massacnusettss. He married |
, : and became too stout for business. He j
: < - n .1 i
; nas tnree Dig, strapping sons, uoiuuei
; Martin P. Avery, who died last win,
j ter, in this city, was the adjutant of
, j ex-President Haves' regiment. He '
. j was afterward made colonel, and was i
| brevetted brigadier-general for brav- !
| ery. At the last charge at Petersburg :
s ! a shell killed his horse under him and ]
| tore his thigh. The wound never |
k j U
! healed and was what reduced him to a I
, ' living skeleton. Skeletons are gener- j
, | ally ravenous eaters, but Colonel Avery j
lived on ice cream ana miiK. a sKeie- i
i ton is made to look thinner by dress- '
j ing him in black, the same as a fat ;
i woman is made to look fatter by (
; covering her frame with light or bright i
| material. The trunk is kept well !
, ! covered, but the arms and legs, which !
: j are the thinnest parts, are freely |
i j exposed. Another trick is to p^ice the j
i skeleton alongside the fat woman, in
, , ? ?
! which position he looks much more at
, | tenuated than he really is.
Dwarfs are simply natural curiosi(
ties which must be put in contrast
, j with larger people, but six inches or
' ! more can be added to giants without
! ! difficulty. High boots with high heels
' I high hats, and long coats really contribute
three inches or so to the actual
height and a foot in looks. Giants
nearly always wear uniforms to make
( i them appear imposing, and they raise
! their arms slowly to give them a masi
rnit? Por*foin Pofac YtATrnTTQr ol_
, ; aire ail. jL^au^o, uuitwtwj ai!
ways insisted on appearing in a dress
( - suit. Chinese giants show to the best !
i advantage. The long gowns give
' | them the appearance of being taller
[ j and heavier than they really are. The
s 1 contrast presented by a woman in
[ ' male and female attire will serve as
j an illustration of this principle. In
L ; dresses she looks muck larger
( than she does in trousers. It is amaz.
ing to note how giants increase in
| weight after being placed on exhibij
bition. Their life of comparative ease
and the freedom from care has the
j effect of adding twenty-five pounds a
( | year to their weight. A giant, to sej
cure an engagement, must be at least
, : seven feet in height. There are too j
many men over six feet six inches who !
LI .
come to the show to contrast them
, j with. There are seven giants, in'
j eluding a pair of twins, in a familv in
Texas, three of whom are on exhibition.
Bunnell has engaged Marina,
the beautiful giantess, who is leading
the ballet in the Amazon's march in
i London, and she will come over next
year. Her Height is over eight ieet, ;
and she is young as well as handsome. .
' i Mrs. Bates is the only woman who is
: taller.?New York Times.
The Largest Telescope.
i | The largest telescope in use is the
.1 great reflector of the Earl of Rosse, at
i; Parsontown, Ireland. The instrument
' weighs twelve tons. The speculum is
j six feet in diameter, and has a focal !
i length of about fifty-five feet. The larg- i
I est and most effective refractor tele1
scope in the world now in actual use is
, I the one in the Naval observatory in
' i "Washington, constructed by Alvin
! T'lo-rl- Xr Qnnc rimlir!era \foco
I LV vuiuwiiugv-j
This is the instrument which has
I been rendered famous by the dis|
i covery of the two moons of Mars. \
i An instrument of one-inch greater aper- [
: ture has just been mounted in the Im-1
i perial observatory at Vienna, the one j
. at Washington having an aperture of j
twenty-six inches and that at Vienna j
j twenty-seven. Two still greate; re- j
I fractor telescopes have been ordered, j
' one for the imperial observatory at j
Pnltowa. Russia, with a crlass of thirty !
inches diameter and focal length of !
i ? i
! forty-five feet, and another, of equal or !
; greater dimensions, to be mounted in !
the Lick observatory on Mount Ham- !
ilton, near San Francisco. Galileo is ;
regarded as the inventor of the tele- !
i n i
i scope, although before he exhibited his
i instrument at Padua, Italy, in 1609,
: Hans Lippershun, of Holland, had invented
the convex object glass, and
Galileo is said to have got his idea from |
hearing of discoveries made by Metius. j
a Hollander, through a combination of
^ lenses.
Present evils always seem greater
' than those that never come,
Oriental Traffic and Wealth.
How many German and Italian cities
owed to this toilsome Oriental traffic
their wealth and magnificence? Professor
Thorold Rogers brings this out
clearly in his most interesting book on
the " History of Agriculture and
Prices in England" He says : " In
fhPk nonfiirtr eu/*T* fAH'TIP or
*ii.vvv**wu vv-uvUi.^ UUVii WVOIW (W
Xuremburg and Eatisbon, Mayence
and Cologne, were at the height of
their opulence. The water-way of the
Rhine bears ineffaceable traces of the
wealth which -was carried down it in
the numerous castles of the robber
barons, the extirpation of whom became
the first object to which the resources
of civilization were directed.
Th A tri)rlo /vf fho "Poof onri/Vho/l Vmrrrhoro
of the Low Countries till, after a long
and tedious transit, the abundant
spices of the East, increased in
price a hundred-fold by the
-tolls which , rapacity exacted and
the profits merchants im-.
posed, were sold in "small parcels by
the grocer or apothecary, or purchased
in larger quantities by wealthy consumers,
at the great fair of Stourbridge
or in the perpetual market of
London," (voL iv., p. 654.) Then
came a memorable revolution. "Western
Asia was repeatedly ravished by
the Turkish and Tartar hordes. In
-jnany rich, fertile and famous coun^v^the
cultivated lands returned to
their p*s3^itive desolation, great cities
shrank intoN^jsera^ig COuntry towns,
and the peoplev^k into an incurable
and hopeless lethav^ The Christian
merchant found it m^ ^ more dan.
gerous, less and less pr<teiMe> to pen_
etrate into the interior of -c ^
length the Turkish conquerors"!^?
the Bosphorus and the Hellespont.
The Greek emperors gave place to the
Ottaman sultans, and under their new
masters tne jsuxine ana Asia Elinor
were, closed to Christian coffimerce.
From Constantinople the Ottomans
spread their conquests to the
Danube on the one side and the Euphrates
on the other. Finally Selam I.
subdued Mesopotamia, the holy cities
of Arabia and Egypt, and stopped the
last overland route a few years after
Yasco de Gamahad discovered the passage
round the Cape of Good Hope. Professor
Thorold Kogers has shown with
great "fullness how Selim's conquest of
Egypt raised the price of almost every
DnVntal rnmmnriit.v imnnrf-pri intn "Rn
rope. The same conquest struck a
fatal blow at the greatness of many
an Italian and German city. Prom this
epoch we may date the decline of Yenice,
and Venice scarcely suffered more
than Ratisbon, Augsburg and JSTuremburg.
There, for generations, many an
untenanted palace, many a silent street,
reminded the traveler of that great
rhantre in the line nf "Eastern wimmew
Then Portugal first, and afterward England
and Holland, seized on the sea
route to India and on the traffic of the
East. England, who added to that rich
monopoly the empire of India and of
the seas, was to Europe all that
Venice and Genoa, Augsburg and
Xuremburg had been; and she was
much more. But the decline of the
Ottoman empire, followed by the construction
of the Suez canal and of the
Alpine tunnels, has reopened the old
path of commerce. The cities ot the
Mediterranean are reviving. The
Mediterranean states have gained
much and we have lost something,
even in the last two years, and as
time goes on they will continue to gain
and we to lose. Any one who visited,
as I did, the cities of Southern' Europe
forty years ago, then cities of the dead,
would hardly recognize them now?all
bustle, activity and progress. But we
must not forget that political freedom
has had as much effect as the return of
Eastern commerce in the renewal of
their prosperity. The English merchant
is not so selfish as to complain of
a change which has benefited the producers
and consumers of the world.
Instead of sitting down with his hands
before him, bemoaning his hard fate
or living upon a reduced trade, he has
found out new trades, if not so profitable
to individuals, even more beneficial
to mankind than those which he has
lost.?Fortniahtlv Review.
IIow Candies are Made.
Candles are so often adulterated that
it is not easy to obtain permission to
visit a factory where they are made.
The other day, however, a correspondent
obtained permission to visit one of
them, and some of their mysteries were
explained to him. Children often
wouuer nuvv tue cream geus msiuc ils
chocolate coating. This is the process.
A large number of wooden trays, an
inch or two in depth, are placed on a
table and filled with corn starch. Impressions
are then made in the starch
by a brass mold. The hollow spa^
left by the mold are then filled with a
paste of starch and sugar, or cream
and sugar, and the trays are put in a
drying room until the paste is hard.
The white balls of sweet stuff are next
dipped in a pau of melted chocolate
j r
auu sugar, juuiu wmi'u tucv cjuicijjc
with tbe familiar rich brown coat
which so entices tbe appetites of the
young people.
Jordan almonds are made as follows:
The almonds are toasted, and then
thrown into a great steam-heated copper
pan, the revolutions of which keep
them rolling over and over. Some
boiling syrup is poured over them, and
the motion of the pan distributes it
squally over all of them. More syrup
is added until the coating: is of the de
sired thickness, and then cold air is
blown in tipon them, leaving them
hard and white, a thinner syrup being
used at last to give them a smooth surface.
Chocolate duchesses are made by a
crystallizing process. A cupful of cream
is added to a pan of boiling syrup, and
the mixture is poured into such cornstarch
molds as are used in chocolate
creams. As it cools, the sugar separates
in crystals from the cream, retaining
the latter in their sweet husk
Common stick-candy is mad? by
what is known as the pulling process,
The requisite quantities of sugar and
water are boiled for twenty-fire or v||3
thirty minutes?until they are done to
a turn, as a housewife would say?and
I then the bubbling mass of srolden dfisl!
syrup is poured upon a marble slab,
which has- been thickly buttered to '-'"IIm
prevent stickiness. Any flavor can be m
added to it, and if left upon the slab,
it would make clear candy. If it is to
be pulled candv, it is kneaded like /JhS
dough until it becomes cool, and a deft /'Ism
workman then throws it over a hook.
pulling it to the right and left-until it
looks like a huge rope. The mass is
then placed in a machine through - 3|
which it passes, coming out in. smooth. .
well-rounded sticks. ,
Somnambulism in Dogs.
There is sometliing peculiar about .^^3
somnambulism when considered from a
scientific and philosophicalstandpoint- "
stD^retains a dim idea, even-while he . ' ; '
is asleep, of the condition of affairs : ?&
when he went to sleep. For instance, ?
if he leaves his clothes in a certain >
part of the room on retiring, he knows TJsSm
when he rises just where to find them, ^119
even in the dark. This is a question
which opens up a wonderful field for
phvsioloffical and mental research. zzmgm
When young and giddy we became :vf?
a somnambulist, and excited a great
deal of curiosity by our strange freaks
during sleep, and this one ques-^
tion of the slumbering
and its memory of facts ex- - - ^
isting prior to sleep was the
most remarkable thing about it all to
ns. We puzzled over that a good deal.
? ~ 14 retire to rescind
the next thing we
would wake up in the miasj<]|^a -~30i
contiguous melon patch, and Ht5r5tasswould
be two or three other somnamhnlists
thftrfi in the same natch and as
much surprised as we were. Still r|l|
there is the same truth staring us in ;j|
the face. Every somnambulist there
had through his sleep retained in his
semi-conscious state a perfect recollec- rlfl
tion of where every article of his "' 'TM
clothing was and how to get out of the '
upstairs window without waking the
old people. - t&B
By-and-bve the owner of the melon
patch procured, at a great expense, a
large, humorous bulldog, who was also _ ^
a somnambulist He walked in his '
1 sleep a gooa aeaL ims is wny we .
quit. We didn't propose to descend /ifw
to the level of the bnite creation. We :*L|
just said, if a bulldog wants to somnam, ' ^
1 he can do so and we will leave the v||
field to him.
"We made this resolution one night ^
_ just grfrgTEfefehad plugged a water- ,?^
r i n il
act, we felt a paug of conscience and ?>
heard our suspenders break.
Perhaps the casual reader has never :-^0
sat down on a buzz saw and felt him- 'VtSli
self gradually fading away. If so he
does not know what it is to form the -'.'/S
acquaintance of a somnambulist bulldog
in the prime of life.
After that somnambulism didn't :
have such a run in our fafhily for a ^
while. We never slept so sound that
1 we didn't remember places and objects
that bad made an impression on us ^
1 prior to slumber, and that is why we ;|?|
say that there is something in this ;
matter that scientists would do well : ;p
to look into.?Bill Nye.
Eat Your Breakfast First. Dr.
Hall is authority for the follo wing
thoughts upon breakfasting before
much exercise in the open air, particularly
where fever and ague are abund- ..-J
ant: Breakfast sh ould be eaten in the gs
morning before leaving the house for
exercise or labor of any description; 3
those who do it will be able to perform.
more work and with greater alacrity
than those who work an hour or two
before breakfast. Besides this, the average
duration of life of those who
take breakfast before exercise or work
will be a number of years greater than
those who do otherwise. Most persons
begin to feel weak after having been
engaged five or six hours in their ordinary
avocation; a good meal invigorates;
but from the last meal of the
day until the next morning there is an ..J
interval of some twelve hours; hence 4^
the body in a sense is weak, and in
proportion cannot resist deleterious "
agencies, wneuier 01 cne nerce coxa o*
winter or of the poisonous miasm"
which rests upon the surface of the
earth wherever the sun shines
on a blade of vegetation or x
a heap of offal This miasm
is more solid, more concentrated, and
hence more malignant, at sunrise and
sunset than any other hour of the
twenty-four, because the cold of the
night condenses it, and it is on the first
few inches above the soil in its most
i solid form; but as the sun rises, it
! warms and expands and ascends to h
point high enough to be breathed, and
being taken into the lungs and swallowed
with the saliva into the stomach,
all weak and empty as it is, it is
greedily drunk in, thrown immediately
into the circulation of the blood, and
j carried to every part of the body, de\
positing its poisonous influence at the
j very fountain head of life. If early
j breakfast were taken in regions where
| chills and fever and ague prevail, and ;
j it, m addition, a brisk fire were going
in the family room for an hour, in*
eluding sunrise and sunset, these 3
troublesome maladies would diminish
in any one year, not ten fold, but a
thousand fold, because the heat of the / '
fire would rarify the miasmatic air
instantly and send it above the breathing
point. But it is "troublesome"
to be building fires night and morning
all summer; it being no "trouble" o
requiring no effort to shiver and shake
| by the Hour, weeKs ana muuuis to
Chicago people brag that they pay
three per cent more for fruit than any
other people. But we don't believe '
they get anjiiifiifiJMiracn- acne ovx
/