The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, May 17, 1882, Image 1
WEEKLY EDITION. WIXffSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 17, 1882. ESTABLISHED IN 1844. ^
w _
My Sorrow.
1 saw Death's angel as it came from Heaven
'5Iid cloud and blast;
I said, "I pity those who mourn to-morrow;
Ruch comfort from my own their hearts shall
ooitow
When it has passed
V And taken from the mourning ones their cl:crished;
ffiL When they have seen
B Their loved ones suffering, changing, dying!
Hr Have looked their last
Upon them 'mid the roses in tho coffins'
" So like?so strange.
Yes, I will comfort them while saying,
With upraised finger
jLuruing incir eyes 10 ine uiue ssy u emcau,
2e hopeful; but a moment you shall linger,
Then join your dead
^Mid beauty fadeless and 'mid joy ecstatic,
To dwell for aye.
This and much more of faith and resignation
3Iy lips shall say;
For all is well that is?the Father orders.
Go, stricken one,
ilourn not the dead; they rest from toil and
danger;
? His will be done!
Death's angel nearer came. Lo! my poor cot
He did not pass,
But took from out my aims ay cherishod darlings;
And now, alas!
W Ncc one of all the words can I remember
\ I wonld have said,
Had Death left me my own loved ones and
^ taken
3tly friends instead.
?Millie C. Torneroy, in Our Continent.
IWATTIE'S MISTAKE.
.
ihi-V
i tt*_3 T 1,
Aiiu LULUOU x JUVO licit? o;
Mattie Fox, despairingly, as she clasped
her hands on the low ledge of the open
window.
"Here" was no earthly elysium, to be
^ sure. A lonely farmhouse, perched
half-way np a desolate mou-fain ; -whippoor-wills
moaning ;n the edge of the
woods; owls hooting solemnly by the
lake; mournful winds soughing through
the tree-tops, like the rush of an un seen
garment?all this was so different
from the crowded city life to which she
had hitherto been accustomed. And
^ even as the tears of vague homesickness
rose to her eyes, the voicc-s of the old
farmer and his wife, in the room below,
1 t Al V ^ 2
rose auaiDiy up iiirougu im; stovepipe
bole, which, had not yet been sealed for
the summer months.
> ""What are you going to do with
her?" said Mrs. Fox.
* 'We must do the best we can," said
8* Elihu, her husband. "She's my
brother's orphan daughter, and she's
-V: J. 1 )>
gui nuwuertj eisw tu
"And why, in the name of goodness,"
querulously demanded Mrs. Fox,
B "couldn't she stay where she was, instead
of rushine out here and takirg us
all by surprise V
"Well," slowly answered the good
farmer, "I ain't quite clear about all
that myself, Rhoda. But" as nigh as I
can calculate she's been disapp'inted in
love. She was a shop-girl, Ehoddy,
don't you know? and it seems ihere
was a genteel young man used to come
there to buy neck-ties and ribbons, and
sich fol-de-rols. And this girl, she
i s'rsosed he was dead in love with her.
?and all of a sudden it come out as he
had another sweetheart, as he was goin'
BSk to ba married to this very next week."
jfcpSK *'Bless and safe us !:' said Mrs. Fox.
vgr - "Yfhile Mattie, sitting as silently by
Wftmt ^ ihe window as if she had beer? frozen
juto stone, felt a peculiar sensation of
dull c iriosity to hear what would come
next, as if all this was spoken about
* some other person, entirely indifferent
60 herself.
t'rAnd she is a proud girl, Mattie is,"
slowiy went on honest Elihu. "It runs
in the Fcxes to be proud; j.nd she
wouldn't stuy there to be jeered and
made game of by the other shop-girls.
So she came here because she had no
other place to come to ; and that's all I
know about it. I guess we'd better see
as the doors and wiadys is all safe and
T go to bed; for its past ten, and them
^ hayiag-hacds will be here afore dayW
light, to sea about cuttin' the twelveacre
medder."
Mrs. Fox had a "talk" with her neice
?he next day.
'MfttfiA" sr.p "T am trnimr t,r>
show you how to bake apple pies this
morning; because if you stay here, of
fik't course vou'ii wani "to make yourself
>. useful.'5
' Of course," said Mat-tie, listlessly.
"Anil as it happens, I hain't no girl,"
^wentX'U Mrs. Fox; "and there's the
work-people and my summer boarders
aie coming next month."
^ "Summer boarder;?" Mattie looked
nni^lrlv Ttrk Tc?fT> a 1 -fTrKih r.wr.
spreading her cheek. She had come
here for soliiude, for rest, for titter isolation;
and nt^, almost before she had
unpacked her little tmnk, a horde of
city fashionables would be npon her.
uOh, Aunt Fox, do yon keep snxnmei
si boarders?''
"Every summer of my life,'' said Mrs
Pox, briskly. "They comes in July and
jnostly goes away in September, with
J the first frost. There ain't many ways
ior us mcnncain-ioiEs to earn a dig 01
spendin* money, yon know, Mattie; and
of course, if you help me I shall expect
to divide with yon, square and even.
~ And remember, it's sinful to spend your
time weeping and wailing and* gnashing
your teeth for a lost bean," piously
added the good woman. ''There's as
likely fish in the sea as ever come out of
it; and p'raps one tiie hay hands will
take a shine to you?who knows?"'
And thu3 Aunt Fox dismissed ihe
question 01 ner niece s neart tnais.
Wr. After ail, perhaps it was the best
treatment that her poor, festering
wounds could receive. A sharp, sudden
cauterizing?a merciful cruelty!
t And Mattie set herself diligently, if
spiritlessly, at work helping to feed the
m huge, hungry farm hands, to shine the
glittering rows of milk-pans?even to
milk the homed beasts, of which she
was at first so nervously afraid. She
learned to bake white, sVeet loaves of
bread, to churn butter, to raise young
L - chickens; she gathered wild flowers, and
rr>o<^A a fr>r a hlrm hird
K which she found with a broken wing
and ' treated" successfully. And she
began to smile now and then, and Mrs.
Fox remarked complacently "that Mattie
was really quite a c cent-looking
girl now that Ler color h^o. come back
a little."
Sfek But one day the mountain stage, lum-1
Fwenug ?iu>vji> uva wc iua^u ruaus, >vnu
its four horses and luggage-covered
too/, stepped at Mrs. Fox's porch, and
down came the avalanche of city guests.
Mattie was straightening the muslin
curtains of the upper windows and
^ hurriedly filling the large blue pitchers
with water when the trunks were
orongai; np.
"It's Mr. Basset and his bride, all the
way frc-ra BostoD," said Aunt Fox, corai
placently. "Is everything ready ? Because
they're coming np stairs directly.
And I never did see any one dressed as
ISr 2071 ^$1 as sli3 is. A regnisr beantv,
"3. i. m *
l/Wl
"ft Ma'tie stood quite pale and silent-,
wiib the homespun towels in her hand.
' liassett!'' she repeated. "And from
Boston ! Ob, -why, of all places in the
world, did they come here ?"
And the next moment the homespun
towels lay like a drift of scattered snow
^ at Mrs. Fox's feet, and Mattie vras gone.
LJT~ ^ 4-Mercy us!" eaid Mrs. Fos, stopping
to recover her lavender-scented
treasures, "has the girl gone crazy ?"
The soft, crimson glow of the 'sunset
, was irradiating the lonely glen, when
| Harold Basoett parted the overhanging
j boughs with one hand, and plunged
j into the leafy wilderness where, on one
side, the mossy rock rose almost perpendicularly,
and on the other a brownwaved
brook ran, with clamorous gurgle.
"Mattie F he exclaimed, stopping
< snorr. "Am 1 dreaming?"
Mattie For sprang angrily to her feet.
Would they leave her no solitary s-pot
of refuge ? Must the be thus hunted
down like a wounded deer?
For Harold Basselt was the man she
had allowed herself to love?the eoftvoiced,
violet-eyed deceiver who had fed
her with soft glances and whispered
words, until?until that dark day when
the other shop-girls, with sidelong
looks and tittering whispers, had told
the storr of his armrnaoVnTvo- marriyiCA
? -- ~ JTi" O O"
to Mies Belfort, the Boston heiress.
She made an involuntary movement
to escape, but he placed himself directly
across the narrow gateway of rock, which
alone afforded an egress.
"No," said he, firmly, yet not without
the lurking shadow of a smile around
hi3 lips?"you shall not leave me until
you have explained all the mystery of
your sudden departure from Boston,
leaving behind you neither name nor
address."
"I am not responsible to you!" she
breathed.
"You are responsible to me!" he retorted.
"I loved you, Mattie Fox, and
you knew it."
"This is simple folly," cried out
Mat-ie. if not something worse! Go
back to your bride, Mr. Bassett. It is
to lier ears only that you need whisper
love!"
The young man opened his violetblue
eyes very wide.
"Mattie," said he, "what on earth are
you talking about? My bride ? I have
no bride I never shall have an-v bride
but von!"
"Who is the Mrs. Bassetfc who came
to my aunt's house this morning?"
gasped Mattie, marveling at the hardihood
which could thus deny an absolute
and apparent fact.
"Oh!" said Karold, "is that what vou
mean ? It is my brother's wife. And
I she and her husband are putting up
their hamaocks and establishing their
rustic tables under th-j pine-trees back
of the house, at this very moment. Ol
course, I couldn't remain with them. Is
not a third r>ersnn alwaYS de tror> when
a young couple are on their wedding
trip ? So I came here, and I think that
heaven directed my footsteps; for the
verv last person in the world whom I
could have expected to see was you,
dear Mattid!"
"And >cu are not married?" repeated
Hattie, with a great, overwhelming
thrill of happiness at her heart.
"No!' he answered, with emphasis.
"And it was your brother who was
reallv to be married, when I believed it
was yon, and broke my heart over what
I considered yonr treachery and deceit?'
she pnrsned.
' Well, it certainly was not me !" declared
Harold Bassett; "for now and
here, at yonr feet, dearest, I speak the
first declaration of love I ever spoke. I
love yon, Mattie! I have been wretched
in your absence. Let me take yon back
to Boston with me as my own treasnxed
So Mattie, shy and beautiful as seme
drooping wild-flower, was brought back
to the farmhouse, to be presented to
the city bride and her husband as Harold's
engaged wife.
Mrs. Hardy Bassett pat up her eyeglasses
and smiled condescendingly.
' Very lovely!" said she, in an audible
sotto voce; "and so sweetly unsophisticated
! I can always tell these
country rosebuds at the first glance."
"But I'm not a country rosebud,"
srid Mattie, crimsoning. "I have only
been here at the farm for a few weeks.
I am a shop-girl, Mrs. Bassett."
The bride stared first, then simpered.
"How very romantic!" said she. Exactly
like a novel."
Mattie might almost have been vexed,
if cV>a V?r?/3 />onr?hf cnnrvx/iCPA/l
laughter in Harold's eves.
And Annt E!Aoda declared that the
Fox farmhouse had never been so lonesome
a3 it was after Mattie went away
to be a grand city lady.
"But she has promised to come back
every summer," said Mrs. Fox. ' She
says the old farm will always be the
/laoracf in flio hr\ "her n
U^UAVUW j^-UUV iAJL Tt Vi* At-* W UV1?
Coral Fishing.
Coral fisheries on the coasts of Italy
and Sicily begin abont the middle of
T?brap.vy, and continue till the middle
of October. The value of the coral
varies according to its color and size;
the pale pins is the most prized, especially
if it be of a uniform color
throughout, without stains. Off Torre
del Greco, near Naples, a large quantify
of coral is found every year ; from 400
to 600 boats are sent out in search of
it, each boat being of from six to ten
tons' burden, with a crew of at
least twelve men, and costing from
?2,500 to S3,000 a boat. The valuable
pink coral is found chiefly
on tne coasc 01 oicny; m une yea^ io<o
a bed was discovered in the Straits of
Messina, in which the coral, though
found only in small quantities and of a
small size, was of immense value, owing
to its beautiful pink, of a uniform color,
and without any of those stains which
detract so much from its worth. Unfortunately,
the supply of coral in this
bed seems to have run short, and for
the last few years ^oral merchants have
not found it worth their while to send
boats in search of it.
In 1S75 a local bed was discovered
about twenty miles off the coast of
Sciacca in Sicily, which was invaded
for the nest two vears bv 700 boats.
This number, all crowded together in
one spot, caused great confusion, and
the Italian government sent a man-ofwar
to keep order among the fishermen.
Another similar bed was discovered
in 1878, about ten miles farther
from the coast, and in 18S0 yet another
still fnrther, The coral found off the
coast of Sciacca does not grow, as at
other places, attached to rocks,
but is found clinging to any
small object it can lay hold of, such as
a cVioll nf a r?r f?nrn_1_ Tf; is
supposed that hs dark red or black
color is caused by the muddiness of the
water in which it lives, although the
depth of the sea at such spots is from
300 to 450 feet. This coral is not much
esteemed in the English market, but is
prepared in large quantities for the
Indian market at Calcutta, by being
exposed for months to the heat
of the sun, and by being
kept moist, wh^n iu time
the black color gradually disappears.
A few years &go a large quantity of
Japanese coral found its way into the
market at Naples, and fetched as much
as $750 the kilo, in raw branches, in
spite of its being a bad color and some
what clouay. This high price was
given on account of its extraordinary
size. It was the largest real coral ever
known. Nothing has been heard of it
since, excepting that the fishery was
prohibited in Japan.
Some English scientist has invented
a machine for magnifying the sounds of j
a fly's footfall till "they seem like the
! tramp of a horse walking over a wooden
bridge." That's well enough in it's
i way,'because we can hear the varmints
! coming a good piece off and get ont of
i the storm track, so to speak; but if he'd
: invented something that would run
. them down and step on them as heavy
! as a horse's foot dropping on a wooden
' bridge, he'd win a bigger medal.?
[Borne Sentinel. " 1
THE " LEAP FOR LIFE."
William Hanlon'* Graphic Dexcriptioa ol a
Fall from the Roof of a Theater.
" Gymnastics are bad medicine when
taken for anything but brief and pleas- j
ant exercise,'' said Mr. William Han- !
Ion, one of the Eanlon brothers. The j
talk had turned upon the life of pro- j
fessiona! athletes, and the reporter yen-1
tured the opinion that gymnasts, as a j
rule, must be men of more than ordinary
nerve. To the writer's surprise Mr.
Hanlon was quick to challenge the
statement.
"I've heard it remarked," said he,
" that a man must be very pluciry to
toss himself about on a high trapeze.
It is not true* Ee may be plucky
enough at that, and yet a coward in
almost any other direction. It is simply
the custom of going "upon the trapeze
and his training that make a performer
appea r to be braver than others.
He is just lite strained soldier, who,
when he gets the order to charge, does
so, though he may not feel a bit like it.
He acts like a piece cf machinery, in
fact. Now, a recruit wouldn't do it.
Say charge to the veteran and he
charges; say charge to the recruit and
he don't ; that is all the difference."
I c'Whof V)qc Kaon vnnr r?lon fnr r??T7o1nn.
ing your muscles F'
' Constant work with light weights.
Many make the great mistake of tiring
themselves with heavy weights. They
put themselves under a constant strain,
and soon wear out. It is mucb better
to put up a little dumbbeli fifty times
than a h avy one ten. The mus'cles get
iust ihat much more play, and hence a
greater development with no strain."
"You have had several very nasty
falls. "What is the sensation like
JL Jjavc JJ.au wLLXOC Ut bug JiCilJiO
that marked the Hanlon family. You
will probably think it singular that I
neither lose consciousness nor presence
of mind when I fall. My worst tumble,
I think, X go!; in Havana. We were
playing unde:: the management of Jim
Nixon,and we made a great success. The
same people in Havana go to the theater ?
every night, and fchev demand constant
changes in the bill. My brother
Tom was taken sick suddenly. Eis
ladder was up in the dome ready for
< - * T ? - 1 1 i-T- "J _ 1
tee leap ior ine, ana tue people uegan
to clamor to 'have it done.' I finally
agree I to do it. The feat consists, after
the x?rformance of a variety of
trick i on the ladder, in swinging yourself
into motion, and jumping to a taut
rope, running from the ceiling at an incline
to tho wings. The jump was a
long one, and the house was very quiet
when I began to swing, preparatory to 1
taking the leap. I threw myself at the
rope, and when I was in mid-air I saw j
it was no go an 1 that I was done. I
strnrtt nnt; flpsneraLelv with mv feet. ir>
hope of helping myself forward, but I J
only reached the rope with the tips of
the fingers r' my left hand. Both j
hands and 1 were extended in j
spread-ea, ^ ;f yon like. I ought .
to have rn i ^ rope with both ;
hands, fai V T center of my body,
with the 1 - ross the line, so as to
distribute tne strain of sustaining mv
weight ever my whole body.
As it was, it all fell on my
left arm, and my body swept in
toward the rope like a whiplash. Of
course I let go, and then I began to
turn spirally like a corkscrew, and then
go down. I instantly realized that I
must not land all spread out. I gath
erea my left area close into my body,
pushed my head forward, and drew my.
legs togetner, straggling to gee into
shape to fall on my side. I did fall
just that way forty feet on a wooden
stage. My arm was driven into my side
and a rib was broken. The arm was
shattered and I was laid up for many
months. While I was going down, in
an instant I saw over again, as vivid as
life, sverv fail tnat 1 ever 'witnessed. :
They came up in my mind one right af- 3
ter another like successive flashes of 1
lightning, and I seemed to be experienc- f
ing all of them in my own person. Bnt
worse than everything else, a great deal '
worse than the shock of arriving, was the
terrible shriek of agony that went 1
np from the audienc e. It was like one (
heart-breaking wail of agony. ? can '
hear it yet, and hear it every time I j
think oi the accident. That is a pe- ]
culiarity of our family. We all heard 1
that shriek, and none of ns ever fcrget *
it. How did that accident occur ? My (
brother Tom made a mistake ia the ^
measurements because of a miscalcula- (
tion of the space in a round dome. The ]
rope was two feet farther away from the ^
ladder than it ought to have been." 5
The Nightingale. ]
V^vrr nn-Kiro+onrUnrr in an^ in. 1
f W J ~-.~0 ? - ? J
significant in size is the bird known as j
the "king of songsters." The whole of
the upper part of the bird is a brown, j
and tlie throat and belly a pale gray, i
the tail reddish brown, long and ]
rounded. The full length of the bird 1
is about sis and one-half inches. He <
is imported from England and Germany, ?
the larger part coming from the latter j
country, but he is met with over the t
whole continent of Europe, from Swe- s
den to the Mediterranean, and over a ]
large poition of Central Asia as far i
north as the middle of Siberia. Ho ]
also visits north-western Africa in the 1
course of his migrations. Woods, groves i
snd leafy forests, in the immediate
vicinity of water, afford the favorite i
retreats of these most masical, most <
melancholy songsters. In such localities
tbey live, each pair within its own
especial domain, which, although i
"wrtl 1 in />"nor/^A^ ,
iO JDOiUUOi^ ^ UUi C+jWWJkuij J
defend* d from ell intrusion. Some "
parts of Southern Europe are especially i
frequented by these delightful birds. (
Spain, in particular, is extremely fortunato
in this respect, and in certain j
districts their enchanting voices are i
heard from every bush and hedge. The ;
declivities of Sie:rra Mcrena may be
literally described as an extensive
nightingale garden.
The fiicht of the bird is nndulatorv.
but, though light and rapid, it is rarely
sustained beyond a short distance.
That these birds, however, are capable
of great ereriion while on the wing
must be evident to any one whc has
witnessed the endeavors of two contending
rivals in love matters to drive
each other from the field.
No sooner have the nightingales
arrived at their nesting places in Enrope,
about the middle of April, than
their songs are io be heard almost incessantly.
Some pour forth their
thriiiing notes through the long, blight
night, just as the American mockingbirds
whistle during the moonlight
mgms 01 bpritig-iiCLie auucany sijoimur,
but generally they sing only in the daytime,
except during the breeding season,
when tbe desire to pleas9 and attract
j their mates renders the male birds ez[
cited and restless. The nest is built cf
j leaves, dried grass, bits of bark and
I roots, lined with finer grass and horseI
hair loosely put together and p;.aced in
| some hollow in the ground in the roots
or stump cf a tree. There are live eggs
in a nest, md only ono nest in a season,
unless the eggs of the young get destroyed,
in which case there 13 a second
laying. The molt in g season commences
in July, after which, when tho birds
are in new. full plumage, the autumn
migrations begin. These journeyings
are accomplished in families or small
parties, tho birds flying with great
rapidity to very distant countries. In
Anril rhat rmtrmear in "EnrnnA. fh a
males about two weeks in advance of
the female?, and at once seek their
former haunts and greet the old homes
in joyful strains.
The prevailing opinion ia that the
bird is delicate and seldom lives long 1
X
! in a cage. This opinion is jast conj
trary to the facts in the case. Not only
; dees the nightingale live in a cage for
I muny years, but he grows stronger and
I sings better constantly ; and there are
! mitny authentic cases cf the bird's
breeding and rearing its young while
so confined. When properly cared for
th9 bird will live fifteen years ; and one
case is stated where a bird lived for
twenty-live years. Witinn the past
three or four years the sale of these
birds has greatly increased, because
lovers of the grandest and sweetest
bird music have learned how to so care
for thy performer as to elicit from him
most charming harmonies. He has a
natural 6ong, and like tne American
mocking-bird, is also a mimic. His
cage may hang by itself in a less freqeated
part oi the bird-room, but the
more singers there are in the same room
for him to contend with and surpass,
the wider will be his range of voice.
Each country has its nightingale.
Ataerica has the red bird, called the
Cardinal Grosbeak, or Virginia nightingale.
The "hedge-singert" or "tree
nightingales of Africa, ana the beautiful.
and very lively nightingales of China,
are all fine songsters ancl -whistlers;
but the bird known as the English or
German nightingale is the trne nightingale.
The prices vary from $15 to ?20
ami $25. The bird may be found on
sale in the shops from October to May.
YHiy Meeting Didn't Break.
It may not be known to the reader '
that Friends' mestiog is dismissed, |j
when the worship is over, by two aged ,
-n 1-- - 1.? iV, ? WTTrv. J3 - !
melius, WUU Ufy *~LLUWJLl aD lUC JLLCtiUO I
of Meeting," shaking hands with each
other. In any Friends' meeting house
on First-day an observer may sea the
worshipers sit in perfect quietness?
excepting when there is a sermon or a
prayer?until one of the heads of meeting
extends his hand to the other, who
clasps and shakes it. Then everybody
rti-sao V? f>rv> TrifllATlf O TT7r\r/l
gcio AUU nAv??vu.v vt n v*u
of dismissal. But until the handshaking
occurs no Friend would think
of moving from his seat.
A few Sundays ago Elias Warner and
Thomas Brown sat as usual at the head
of Bonnyberg Meeting. The meeting
had been in session about an hour and
nobody had spoken. Elia3 had his
head bowed fc-rwurd, resting upon his
cane. Thomas's face looked d ownward
so that his broad-brim hat almost hid
it from view.
People began to wonder why they did
not shake hands and break meeting,
and some, even of the old Friends who
had been disciplined to patience by half
a century of meetings, became a little
restless and fidgety.
Suddenly a faint snore came from the
place where the heads of meeting sat.
Ihe worshipe:rs looked up with surprise.
The painfal fact then appeared
that Elias Warner wa3 a?leep. When
Ihomas Brown heard the snoro he ,
looked calmly around and then pnt his
head quietly back, with his forehead on
[lis hands, and his hands on his cane.
The Friendu saw there was no hope ;
}f getting away until Elias should wake ;
ip, so they made up their minds, in
Jipir nsna.1 amiable fashion, to endure i
;he wrong in peace.
So Eiias slumbered and snored calmly (
ilong for about half an hour, when a
3y that was promenading about on his
aose happened to buzz into hia nostril,
thereupon Elias suddenly awoke, sat
ip with a jerk, cleared his throat, and
jned to look as if he had not been
tsleep at all.
The meeting drew a long breath of relief,
and there was a little bustb'ng
novement indicating that the ."Friends <
jxpected to go homo at once. 3
Elias Warner noticed the fact and he j
extended his hand to Thomas Brown. <
Ji'homas tooi: no notice ot it. ine meet
!ng looked at the operation with intense :
mxiety. Just, then, amid the breathless
silence another faint snore was heard! ,
It ispainfal to have to admit snch a
;hing, bnt the fact is Thomas had dropped
off into a gentle slnmber while he
i?as waiting for Elias to wake up.
The meeting began to feel indignant.
Some of the old Friends scowled. Wiliam
Benton leaned over and suggested
:o George Wabbins to get np and prod ]
?~lvr.*
iLie fcitseper wiiiu mo uiiik/icii.iv, on*.
Seorge would rather have died than to
lo anything so irregular. There were
Foung and sicfal Friends who thought ,
jf going out of the meeting without
waiting for it to break, but they confuted
themselves by coughing loudly 1
ind shuffling their feet.
But Thomas went swimming along in
placid peace through the laud of ,
ireams, and his snore grew louder and
louder until it vibrated like a miniature ,
1. iUv/\n /?T\
.Ug?JUUIIi, bUiUll^U tuu ~UV/J-LU I
The Friends whose dinners were'get- ,
;ing cold at heme were growing excited.
Suppose Thoma3 should sleep for an
iour? Suppose before he woke Elias (
Warner should drop off for another
inoo2e? The situation began to grow ,
jerious. Even Elias himself felt a little
perturbation,and some observers thought
:-hey detected in him a movement to
scourge Thomas with his elbow. But
ie didn't. He remained quiet, trying
;o appear as if he were wrapped in the
nost. solemn meditation. Thus half an
lour or more passed, the Friends meanwhile
getting madder and madder.
Suddenly Thomas Brown was heard
;o laugh in his sleep. Then he exclaimed:
" Hannah, why don't thee get the pie?"
Then his eyes opened, and as the
tricked boys in the meeting laughed he
sat up, blushed crimson, grasped Elias
Warner's hand hurriedly and sailed
swiftly out of the meeting to hide his
:on fusion.
The managers of Bonnyberg Meeting
intend to reorganize on a basis that "will
put younger men at the bead of the
meeting after this.
Recollections of Longfellow.
Mr. Longfellow spent the winter of
1869 in Rome with G. W. Ohilds, of the
Philadelphia Public Ledger. The latter
gentleman gave a dinner in his
honor at the Hotel d' Espagnu, and relates
an incident \>hich portrays how
constant was the recollection in the
mind of the poet of Mrs. Longfellow's
horrible death. He was taking Mr.
Childs into dinner, and on their way
through the corridor of the hotel thej
passed, a scries of lighted wax candles
placed candelabra surrounded bv flow
ers. inr. : Jjongieiiow immeaiaieij
shaded Lis face with his hand and begged
his partner to hasten Lis footsteps,
it was throngu th9 flame of a lighted
candle when in the act of melticg some
sealing wax that Mrs. Longfellow was
burned to death. The poet had three
daughters and ono son, Charles. Oiie
of the daughters married K. H. Dana;
the third, Buchanan Read, the poet and
artiot, "who painted a likeness of Mi.
Longfellow, one of the best be ever
had taken. It now hangs in Mr. Child's
library. Read also painted the three
Miss liongfellows as children. One c(
the young Jadies was so depicted on the
canvas that she appeared to be without
arms. So natural was this appearance
that en the picture being engraved and
sold to tie public the poet received over
100 letters askiDg him if Ids child reallj
was born without arcs.
The original Scottish National Covecant
of 163S is still in existence. The
venerable parchment was exhibited recently
at the sittiDg of tba Victoria
(Australia) Presbyterian General Assembly.
The present, owner, the Hon. "W.
Pearson, is a lineal descendant of ons
of the signers of the covenant.
jSSSSS^oSaHSii . ' 'v..
DRUXK 02i PETROLEUM GAS.
A Canoes Kind of Intoxication?flow a
Peraun Feels under the Influence cf GasFro
m nearly every well from which
petroleum is .obtained c large amount cf
gas escapes, m some cases an aoundance
of gas exists wh<ire no oil is found.
It is the rising of the gas in the wells
which causes the oil to flow. Hometimes
the gas pressure is such that it is
used to rnn ihe engines, in the place of
steam, and under a large majority of the
boilers gas i3 used for fuel exclusively
It arises not only from the wells, but
from the tanks in which the oil is stored;
It is dangerous, and many serious accidents
have resulted from ignorance of
its effects. It "has caused numerous conflagrations
aiad disastrous explosions,
and when inhaled is frequently fatal. A
short time ago-; a little boy m un uity
was playing about a small tank. While
looking into it- he was overcome, tumbled
in and was drowned. But a short
time before two lads were suffocated
while watching a well flow into a
tank, and not Jo*^?ago^ar itum was found
standing dead ^ the side of an oil tank,
bis chin resting on the edge, which was
also grasped by the hands of the corpse.
He had been standing in that position,
breathing the gas which arose from the
oil until he was overcome. Probably
his senses were acute after his body be
L ?j T-.V- -~t J
Came numo auu mis mus lauscu
perform their functions in obedience to
his will.
The Times correspondent met a gentleman
a few days ago who was once in
a position similar to that described
above. He had just completed his first
oil well, and every cent he Iwd in the
world was invested in the venture. It
was beginning to flow, and the next few
moments would determine whether he
was penniless or wealthy. Naturally
enough he was interested. Standing on
a board which was placed at an angle
against the side of the tank, he rested
his elbows on the edge of the huge tub
and leaned forwarc", watching the foamirrr
steaminc liauid as it was forced
? 0, o ?from
the month of the well and boiled
about in the bottom of the tank. Tho
gas rose from the oil in a cloud, but the
novelty of the sight and the pleasure
afforded by the thought that it was his
own property, and that every drop of
the boiling, bubbling fluid was equivalent
to so much cash in his pocket,
canssd him to forget the danger. He
said he felt a buoyancy of spirit never
before experienced. He wanted to
shout for joy as tho oil poured out. His
enthusiasm momentarily increased, and
his happiness rose to such a pitch that
he was tempted to spring forward into
the foaming oil and "danco with it in its
giddy whirlpool. The transition from
a state of consciousness to one of unconsciousness
was so gradual and imper
Am A <
CPpilUitJ IXiii'j UU HiiO W JL1VULL1JJ?J awut ill,
The feeling was similar to that experienced
bv a man who drinks too much
champagne, only a thousand times more
pleasurable. The gaudy colors of the
rainbow appeared before his eyes and
his body felt as light as the air. How
long he remained in this state he could
not say, but he was recalled to his senses
by his brother, who was near by in the
derrick. He attempted to turn his head
when called, but the muscles refused to
obey his will. He endeavored to move
bis "feet, but could not do so. They
felt as when they axe "asleep." It was
simply impossible to move a muscle.
He still felt tbeA greatest happiness,
ilihon?fcfful iy aware ot his danger and
the neces&ity for immediate action.
"Indeed," said be, "it is highly probible
that in thirty seconds more the effects
of the f;as would have been such
that, though I knew death was imminent,
such was the ec3tacy of my spirits
md the b&ppy, exhilarating state of
my mind, I would have embraced it
with pleasure rather than move a single
muscle to break the enchanting spell.
Bat I was not yet so far gone but what
s/vif.r.rpo^rv!ition overbalanced the nleas- I
are. I made another effort to move my
feet, and as I did so I can remember
my thought was "Oh, how happy I am!
Why shouldn't I die now, in perfect
bliss ?" Whether I actnallv did move
my feet or not I cannot state, bufc at any
rate they slipped along the slanting
board and fell to the gronnd."
"Were yon injured by the fall?"
' I felt no pain whatever when I got
p, but the next day several large discolorations
on my body, a scraped elbow
and soreness all over my body, tesunea
that the fall "was quite a severe one.
The effects of inhaliDg the gas did not
leave me for forty-eight hour3. During
the balance of the d^y I was in the best
of spirits; could laugh heartily at the
feeblest jokes, and thought every person
around me the best fellow I ever
met. I was drunk on gas, and the next
day my head ached aB if I had been on a
protracted spree."
As liquor has different effects upon
different temperaments, so it is with gas.
A few years ago oil wells were drilled
differently than they are now in some
respects. The well was started by digsine
a "conductor hole" in the rock in
the same manner an ordinary well is
drilled. A man whose name was Smith,
owned a well which had been drilled to
the usual sand, but not proving bo productive
as anticipated, the owner determined
to drill it deeper. The sides of
the condactor hole caved in, and it became
necessary to clean it out, which
was a difficult job to perform, because
in the first sand a large quantity of gas
had been found, which was coming from
the well. The diillers hesitated about
going down, although the point where
the dio-giug was to be done was not
more than twenty f get below the surface.
Smith was displeased with their timidity
and lack of courage, and when the windlass
was ready he descended into the hole
himself and began digging. This was
early in the day. As backet after bucket
was sent np, the drillers who were pulling
them out noticed that Smith was
getting excited. He worked with redoubled
energy; shouted to the men
above to hasten their efforts; called them
"lazy-bones," and acted in a most peculiar
manner. In an hour he had dng
far below where it was necessary to go,
and the drillers advised him to come
np. He refused to do so, and proclaimed
his intention of digging the weil
down to the second sand?abont 600
feet.
"I can dig it faster than yon lazy
loafers can drill it," he shonted. "Send
down that bucket. Why don't yon
hnrry ? I can dig to China while yon
are emptying a pailfnl of dirt.
Noon came and the dinner bell rang,
yet Smith refused to come out, ana
angrily ordered the men to continue
their work. The labor was far beyond
his ordinary strength, yet he continued
without cessation. He gave himself no
rest. Perspiration poured down Lis
body and he trembled with excitement.
The drillers finally became alarmed and
began devising rceans for getting him
ont of the hole. One of them suggested
lassooing him, and the suggestion met
with approval. A slip-noose was made
in thA sand-line and it was cast <3owe.
After several futile attempts, they succeeded
in getting the rope around his
body and pnlled him exit, the victim in
the meantime kicking, jelling, swearing
and threatening them with all manner
of punishment. As he emerged from
the hole, his gray hair hnns matted over
a face dripping with perspiration; there
was a wild, nnnatural lock in his ej6?,
his clothing was dirty and torn, and,
while one hand held the handle of a
1 T. - _? 1- ~ -4.1. *1 ?
plCKas, ne ohoujs. uiiier aogniy as
the four men who were pnlling him out.
No sooner did he get on his feet than
he flew at the men, flourishing the pick
over his head. They avoided him, and
finally found it n<jcessary to bind him.
...
i He raved and tore abont in a most f> ighfc|
fnl manner, bnt at last quieted down and
| was put to bed. The next day he was
; himgelf again. The gas had made him
! crazy for the time being.
A QUEER PEOPLE FOUSD.
An Asiatic Rnce Without Government and
Neither Plato nor Sir Thomas Moore,
ProfessorOwen nor Thomas Hughes.ever
heard of a Chukch. In iheir ignorance,
therefore, they constructed an ideal
republic, laid out an Utopia, founded a
New Harmony and established a Rugby,
heroically, it blindly, trying to fashion
an ideal society and to teach men the
way to true happiness, and ail the
while the Chukch has been wandering
in his seal-gut wraps over Northeastern
Asi3, the ideal citizen of the world, except
in so far as soap must play a trivial
part in the life of the ideal citizen. It
was left for the greatest navigator of our
time to find a people without kings or
rm'fVirtnf r\rf><5f>TiArs nr nnlTHoianfi
Ipj.i.COt'O, VT iVUUUW fsjhWMW**?,
without laws or the necessity of laws.
The Chukehes are the men. A knowledge
of this anomalous society is one of
the most startling results of Nordenskjold's
circumnavigation of the old world.
After sailing along a coast of several
thousand miles tbat is a literal desert,
and of course, uninhabited, the Vega
found, as soon as northern Asia begins
to slope down toward Behring's straits,
that the natives were so much pleased
at the sight of a steamer that they gave
everywhere the most earnest invitations
' J * * m? - TT _ ? ?- ? ? A. XI. _ x ,^XL^
to land. Xlie vegaspem. ujb itju mujums
of the polar winter of 187S-79 on the
Chnkch coast, and its commander was
thus the first European to get d. sufficiently
extensive knowledge of these
people to explain their society. The
men of the Vega learned their infiectionless
jargon, visited their tents, kept
them from starving, and came to know
the Chnkche3 better than they kne;?
themselves. They are not a tribe of
Eskimos, as has been supposed. They
have a different origin, in all probability,
from the Eskimos ; their language
is not by any means the same, nor is
their civil life greatly like the life of
aUiUAiV/UiU A UWWI M*V/
not as ugly as the Eskimos, nor as the
tribes of 'western polar Asia. They j
possess an extensile territory for their i
wandering, but do not number in ail
more than 5,COO people. They are of
two kinds, coast Chukches and reindeer
Chukches?a difference, however, that
is, a difference wholly of occupation;
One class are fishermen, the other herdsmen.
They are not divided into tribes. They
nn trr>TArnmpr\f and nn rftliffinrjs
w ? ? O
organization, indeed no institution except
the family and the village, and the
last is determined rather by accident
and circumstances than by design.
Every man is the equal of his neighbor,
every woman of her husband. They
never quarrel, except when drunk, and
are never drunk except when they happen
to meet traders who have liquor.
They have no system of punishments,
no civil nor religious law, no military
organization, no ecclesiastical code. Indeed,
it is a life of primitive innocence.
This is anomalous enough; but stranger
than all, in such a society the family is
quite as sacredly regarded as in Christian
countries. A Chukch has but one
wife, to whom he is generally faithful,
? T_; i."L
ana wno is xaibUiUi s<u xnuju j.eo wiefc
no penalties, social or legal, to sufferfor
unfaithfulness. They are honest,
and yet it would not be disgraceful to
steal. They seem never to have thought
of government, or theft. Their lire lacks
ambition and passioi), and is less like
other savage life than like civilized life.
They are not as ugly as the Eskimos,
bnt equally as filthy* In winter they
do not bathe at all, 5?nd the snow is left
to do the only work of cleansing the
body when it falls on their bare heads.
The vhole family sleep and eat in a
single tent. They have no knives nor
forks, and their few vessels are put to
a />P iieoo
kuv {jicriiuou u;ruio;u? vi AUC
children are regarded with affeccion and
ipride, and reared healthfnl and robust
in the ancesiral filth. The women are
not slaves, although they do much of
the heavy work, such as harnessing
dogp, building tents, cooking, fishing
and moving, but they are regarded by
the men as their equals in every particular.
The women plait their hair and
the men cut theirs close except in front,
and th^re they have "bangs." The whole
household furniture of a family consists
of a lamp or two, made of iron with I
moss wicks in which train oil is burned;
an ax, reindeer skins, a fire drill, a
comb, a medley of old ocois and cooking
utensils. What they covet most are
such things a3 large needles, pots,
knives, axes, saws, woolen shirts, tobacco,
sugar, liquors?which they call
vam?and matches. For these things
they will sell almost anything.
Oris of their most striking characteristics
is their love of everything red.
i'or a red einrt or lor a vam a unuKcn
will sell anything but a drum or a reindeer's
head. The drum has certain
superstitions associated with it, and is
more nearly than any other instrument
or utensil a sacred thing. They are
the most improvident of savages,and during
a severe winter they almost starve.
Yet they will not steal, although they
are the most persistent beggars outside
of Italy. When they capture seals or
walruses they eat an incredible amount
of blubber and blocd, and can fast afterwards
almost as long as an eagle.
Whence they came is a difficult qurs- I
ticn, philolcgically and ethnologically.
They have no recollections or traditions
of war, bnt they have always been independent.
Their language seems to
have no dialects, andfe* foreign words
have been admitted into its vocabnlary.
Althongh it is probable that within the
last 200 jears they have donbled in
number, Nordenskjold is inclined to
believe that they are the remnants of a
race, and represent a decadence and not
a growth. They were probably driven
east or north centuries ago, and
changed by climate or occupation into
their present condition. There are
traditions of another race which once
held this territory, of which the old
mariners have given meagre acconnts,
and of which archseological evidence
can yet be found.
If the astronomical view that the
moon was once a part of the earth's
mass be true, the moon in its early age
mnst revolved nearer the earth than
now and mnst have caused prodigious
tides upon its parent planet?as recently
shown by Professor Ball. Professor J.
S. .Newberry tinds m geological eyidc-nce
a refutation of this theory, to the
extent, at least, proving conclusively
that no such tides could have existed
since the commencement of the geological
record. He does not hesitate to
asser.% therefore, that the astronomers
are in error ia regard to the moon's
genesi3 ; or that if it were once a portion
of the earth the separation took
place st a period so remote that it had
receded to nearly its present distance
before the dswn of life on the earth.
Daring the recent diphluertt c epidemic
in Dcnison, Iowa, three children
of a Mr. Hable died of the dread disease
and were bnried side by side. The
remains hive since been taken np for
the pnrpose of removing them to
? */\n r.f tlia fcmo+nw cnrl
in making the removal it was discovered
that one cf the children had been
buried alive. It hftd ttirned over on its
;'ac^, thrown its little arms over its head
and tGrn the hair from its scalp.
It Is reported that 2,252 vomen are
engaged in farming in Indiana.
"FATHER OF WATERS."
Some luterestJnjr Statement* ConcernSaa
the 3Iiuhty M.l?sls9ippi.
A Chicago Times correspondent s^js;
Numberless are I ha efforts that have
been made to control the stream and
restrict its waters. Mark Twain's
scheme to take the river np and
straighten it so that- a sidewalk train on
a line from Cairo to New Orleans would
strike Canal street, is as practicable as
the plans of half the learned engineers.
:As well try to sweep back the tide as to
dam up the river or head it off when it
takes a notion to go anywhere. If there
was onlv a solid foundation to build
levees cn, it might be within the power
of engineering skill to construct walls
strong enough to resist the attacks of
the mighty liver, bat there is nothing
but sand and soft mud and dirt from
the surface to a depth of hundreds of
feet, except at isolated points two or
three hundred miles apart. When the
water subsides after a freshet it is no
unusaal thing for whole plantations to
cave in, where the bank has baexi undermined
for a long distance back. Ii
there should happen to be a levee a
mile high on the ground, or a Chinese
wall two hundred feet thick and nine
stories high, it would make no difference.
The undermined territory would
go just the same. The Mississippi is
continually stealing land from one
bank and building new land a little
X* J avn/5 noMnl i<rr At>
1UJ.Liici uunuj anu. uouanj wn tuo utuci
side. A flood comes along, and when
it is gone it is discovered that a sand
bar has been formed in a place "where
the channel may have been twenty cr
sixty feet deep a few weeks before. The
bar gets higher and extends further
into the stream. The next year, or perhaps
the same season, cottonwood
sprouts spring up as fast as blades of
grass, and in two or three years more a
forest covers the spot. Nothing grows
so fast as cottonwood trees. They
shoot up ten and fifteen feet in a single
season. In a few years the planter who
owns the land to the rear clears away
the forest, plants a crop, and, perhaps,
build3 a levee, to protect his recent
territorial acquisition from the assaults
of the water that gave it to him.
Meanwhile, the men who lost the
land are calling on the state or government
to baild levees to beep back the
water. Every once in a while the river
breaks across a peninsula and either
makes an island or lifts hundreds of
, acres bodily from one state to another.
| The river is fall of islands formed in
this way. I kept track of them till I
passed "Island No. 98," and that was
considerably above Viclisburg. Thus
the uncertain river goes cutting and
slashing through the country.
" ilia w'j.ya ui me tivci ma iiiiuiu
table as those of Providence," said a
venerable steamboat captain to me as
we sat charting in bis cabin the ether
day. "I have been following this business
for nearly half a century and I long
ago gave up trying to divine its purposes
or predict its movements. It will take
something more than human ingenuity
or power to guide it in a given path.
It runs through made ground for maDy
thousand miles from the gulf?made by
itself?and it is going to do pretty mnch
as it pleases with that land. We are
told by geologists that where Baton
Kougenow stands was once a promontory
<-?? +Via nnoat nf fV<o ornlf /"if TvTatiwi on/1
no doubt that the salt waves of the sea
once beat up against the base of the
Chickasaw bluff, clear up to Mempnis.
It must have taken countless ages to
have built up the land, and the building
process is not yet completed, It is going
on all the time. Fill a glass from
the river and in two hours there will be
half an inch of sediment on the bottom.
That is what the land known as rbe
Mississippi bottoms is made of. I he
bottom of the river is getting higher
every year. The land recedes from the
banks on either side excepting where it
touches the bluffs. It runs aloDg on
the top of 3 natural ridge or 'hog-back,'
as the monnt&ineers cjII it. The back
country is a basin which would be nothing
but a morass were it not for the
creeks and bayous that drain it into the
river lower down. The surface of the
river in very high water is from five to
thirty feet higher than these basins, and
when it rnns over its banks or breaks
through the flimsy levees, it very natur- J
ally fills them up. Some day the river
will get down from the ridge on which
' ** * 1.3 1 - e _ !
it is now iccaiea ana mase ior useii a
channel in lower ground. It tried to do
it this year and will eventually succeed.
It is my belief that the general side
drift of the river, between Memphis and
Vicksbur 2)SOO miles by water), is from
west to east, and that the channel will
wash the Chickasaw blnfTd all the way
down as it has done in times past. De
Soto's grave is believed by many to be
fcr?y miles west of the present channel
of the river away over there in Arkansas.
When tlie liver builds tip its bed on the
east line it will once more drift westyard,
leading the land many feet higher.
The creation is going on all tha
time, unceasingly. Nature is her own
engineer. She knows what i-he wants
I better than Eads or any of his kidney.
If the natural bent of the river is ob
structed it will find a way, over, under
or around the obstruction, sure as fato
It may be regulated for a year, or ten, or
even twenty years, or longer.at enormous
expense, but that will amount to nothing
in the end and will not affect the
result of natural processes."
"The trouble is," said another gentleman,
a "busted" 6ugar planter, "the
Mississippi and Yazoo deltas were discovered
and settled on about 1,000 years
too soon. The whcle territory is artificial
and liable to overflow all the time,
and the more it overflows the better it
is for the land. Every flood leaves it
I higher. It may be rough on the resi
dent population, bnt it win De tne making
of future generations."
Mesquite Gum.
It has bean found that the mesquite
tree of Texas is identical with, cr at
least vastly similar to, the aeyacia tree
of the east, from which is obtained the
gum arabic of commerce, and an industry
in the direction of collecting and
utilizing this gum is being developed.
It is held to bo equal or superior to the
imported gum, and qnite large quantities
were gathered last year and sold
readily at fifteen cents per pound A
mesquite grove ie a novel and interest1
4^ A An/ioainrro f?rto
jLU )? Sl ti Liij, lu^ CXXV'AOIJLI^O K/L U iU U\.V/
branches being likened to transpareut
crjstal armor, reflecting the sun's rays,
and glittering and glowing like unto
some gclden harvest. The gum is capable
of being handled with great expedition
and facility, the trees always
growing in gioves and to medium
height. Cattle are also fond of the
gum, and eat it from the trees whe-re it
is in reach. It is believed that wero the
mefqaifce cared for like the maple, an-1
proper operations followed, the project
of gam-raising would be a feasible and
profltaDie one.
A performance cf the "School for
Scandal," in the opera-honsa of Madison,
Wis., was diversified by the appearance
in the parqnet of the Sergeantat-Arms
of the State Assembly, who
began to pick ont a member hc-re and
there and notify them that there had
been a cali of the Honse aud they &nst
! go. The rest of the andience langhed
i when they saw a bald-headed legisI
lator led reluctant to the door, especially
as he was observed first to expos
talate earnestly with the officer, then
grow red in the face and gesticulate
| fiercely, and finally gc-t up and go out
' in a towering rage.
celebrated cheeses.
I Foreign and Do:ii<M!ic I>Ianufactares.
: j The manufacture of cheese,which now
I plays so important a part in the dairy
! industry of nearly every country on the
! glcbo, is said to have been learned by
, ! the English from the Romans about the
! dhristiim era. There are manv different
j kinds and qualities of cheese, varying
in richness from cream cheese, made
| entirely of creani, to the famed Saffoik,
made of milk "three times skimmed."
With but one or two exceptions, all the
celebrated varieties of other countries
have been transplanted to the United
Spates, and although they are of fine
favor and splendid quality they do not
acquire by age the richness of flavor
that English cheeses do. Of the foreign
varieties. Stilton is the highest priced.
It is made in Leicestershire, England,
but obtained its name from a small
town in Huntingdonshire, whore
it was first publicly sold by retail.
The process of making it was kept
a secret for a long time, but is now
generally known. The cream of the
preceding n:<rlit's milking is added to
the whole milk of the morning, with a
small quantity of rennet. The curd is
taken out very carefnlly and placed in a
sieve to dr&in, when it is gently pressed
till it becomes firm and dry. Wh-n
ripe a green mold appears on its surface.
Two years is about the time it
requires to mature.
Gloucester and Cheddar cheese referred
to by Bloomfield in the lines:
"Ye Cheshire meads,
Or Severn's flowery dales,where plenty treads,
Was your rich milk to suffer wrongs like these,
Faiewell your pride J farewell renowned
cheese,"
j Are bosh highly prized. The latter is
| produced on the rich grass farms near
the Cheddar rocks, the most romantic
part of Somersetshire.
The celebrated Parmesan, which is
nVvfo-ima/l Pjrmo in flia nnrt.n r\f
UVta;u^/il x U1 wauj VMV MVA??* V* I
Italy, owes its excellence to the superior
herbage on the banks of the river Po.
It is made from skimmed milk, and the
coagulation is effected in a caldron
hung over a fire. This cheese is kept a
long while, generally three years, and
none is considered fit for sale until it
| has been ma<^ six months. Westphalia
! cbeese, which is also much liked by the
j English, is said to derive its flavor from
I the cnrd being allowed to become putrid
j before it is pressed.
Cheshire cheeses made in Cheshire,
i England, weigh from 100 to 200 pounds
! each, and about 14.0C0 tons is produced
annually.
Gray ere is a Swiss variety made in
! the Cantons of the Alps ; it is a small,
green cheese, in which the cnrd is
j mixed with the dived leaves of themeliI
lot reduced to powder. When eaten it
j i3 grated and mixed with fresh butter
| and is spread on bread. The farmers
who make this cheese send their cows
Ilia 4l-i Alrto /vn
I UUiiJg CAi.0 i. tu 4* VU vv^
i raon pasture; the milk of all is turned
j into one stock, and each owner at the
j end of the season receives his proportionate
share ox the profits. The Swiss
also make a cheese from the curd left in
the whey after better cheese has been
made; it has little flavor but serves
people living in the mountains for
bread; they cut slices of it, spread over
butter and a thin slice of cheese over
that, ana wash it down with a cup of
fresh whey, or, if they can afford it, a
glass of kirschwasser.
In the United States Swiss cheese is
made in New York, Wisconsin and West
Virginia. In "Wisconsin it was first
made by tbe Swiss emigrants who settled
in Green and Winnebago counties
in 1845. The quality was at first often
poor, but aftei many experiments a
very fair article was produced, and the
quality and quantity have steadily increased.
Limburger cheese made in New York,
Wisconsin and Illinois is an imitation of
a variety made in Limburg, a province
of Belgium, from which it takes it3
name, and from Harve, a neighboring
province.
| Fromage de Brie and Neufchutel are
! made from tte milk of goats and sheep;
I ? 1- 1- il-.-.l
j V/IUUii is luucu iliiUiicr ai-u ciuo uuio
I cream than cow's milk. The former is
| much esteemed at Mont d'Or, Central
France. Beth varieties are manufactured
ia New York State. The cheeses
are very rich, and are wrapped in thin
white paper and then encased in tinfoiL
In Lapland these cheeses are made from
the of the reindeer, these beautiful
ana useful creatures being brought
home every night to the Lapland lasses
to be milked, -which produces a very gay
icene at the gamme or encampment
Each deer has to be held during the
time of milking by a cord slipped round
its horns, as they are very restless.
In Germany a small cheese is made
by turning the milk sour by the heat
of the fire; the whey is then pressed out.
and the curd is then broken fine with
the hand in a tub. It remains in this
state nnt-il the pntrid fermentation be
tcics, when it is made into little balls
and dried. Sometimes caraway seeds
"? " ? m-M _ _ L t _ a a
are ao'de t. 'iney are not Daa 111 navur,
bat have a most nnpleasint tmell.
Dutch cheeses are made of skimmed
milk, the curd being well washed and
saturated in c=alt and water before it is
pressed into the mold.
Many kinds of cheese are artificially
colored, whicii was no doabt originally
+/-\ wmJJ-A +T->n fhfiAa/z l/mlr ri/^hpr
UUJC 1>W UiaUU bUV V**VVW 4 WM
Annotto, a red dye, produced from the
pnlp of the seed-vessels of a tree called
bisa, and brought from the West Indies,
is the substance most frequently used;
but the juice of parsley, sage leaves,
marigold flowers, oranges and carrots is
also employed.
Prating 121 China for Snow.
It appears that the temperature has
been so abnormally hi^h and the
weather so uoiformally mild ;n North
ern China, as well as in Europe,
throughout the last "winter season, that
not a single snow-fail occurred dnring
the months of December ana January
in regions usually visited by frequent
and heavy snow storms at that time of
year. The inhabitants of those district^
apprehensive that a spring
and summer drought might result
irom the absolute dearth of snow in its
customary places of winter storage,
petitioned the emperor to intercede
in person on their behalf to the
supernatural authority whose special
business it is to regulate the annual die
Iribution of frozen liquid to the inhab-1
itants of the Flowery Land. On receipt I
of this application the Brother of Mcon!
betook himself to the Temple of the
Snotv God and fervently entreated that
deity to f^vor the suffering people with
a first-class snow-fall at his earliest con
venience. A* no immediate result accrued
from this suppiica'ion, his imperial
majesty repeated his visit to th^
temple evening after evening, thirty-five
times in succession, renewing bis request
for snow upon e*ch occasion
with a pertinacity that did him
I""""' A ) tnn fiTntrit.inn nf firrh
Ai Vi-lWi *.JLW fcM-w ~ ?
week, however, findiag the Snow
God still insensible to his prayers, the
emperor pave up personal intercession
as a bad job, and resolved, as Mrs.
Glas .e has it, to ' try another way."
By imperial decree, signed with the
Vermilion Per.oil, and published in the
Pekin dazette, he commanded a certain
number of jrinces of ihe blood and
military commanders to form a deputation
and convey to the recalcitrant deitv
! an address setting forth the misery en
! failed upon Northern China by this nnj
accountable reluctance to dispense the
I -ncnal /I& r\P cr*ATEr HPh/a omnorrtr !
so runs the decree's conclud ng i-ent?
nee, " ventures to hope tbat the
pleading? of so illustrious ani distinguished
a deputation will have more
weight than his own with the SaWime
K-vaDg-fco," 1
A Bit of Table Lore.
Did you wonder, as you sat at the
table last Thanksgiving Day, why the
great fowl before you was called after a -vHB
country of Europe? Perhaps you did
not, but others have wondered. Prob- -|3|
ably you know that the turkey is indigenous
to America, and that it came
very near beii*g the emblem of the
United States, instead of the eagle.
Benjamin Franklin, who suggested it,
was a sagacious man in' most respects,
but he argued that this bird was a
native of the republic and was common,
while the eagle had been all through
the ages the symbol of royalty.
The turkey was first introduced into
Europe more than three hurdred years
ago, and became almost immediately a
favorite on the table, but people seem
to have forgotten where it came from. ??j-jSi
The French called it dindc, meaning ^?1
-1- - A. -A T
iliac in came xruw muxa. ouuio u-ojrp
thought that they have meant Wei?
India, but as the Germans called it the"" Calcutisher
hakn (Calcutta fowl,) there
is reason to believe that it was generally
thought to come from Esst Indie, "^2
There is a difference of opinion about
the meaning of the name of the gram
from which onr buckwheat cakes are L '
made. In Worcester's dictionary we
are told that Daniel Webster said that
it was named because it looked like the
beechnut, and I am inclined to think
that he is right; but I have a book by
a learned man which says chat there is
a tradition that it was named became
the first specimens were bronght from
the East hidden between the leaves of
a book, so that it was not "beach-wheat,"
but "book-wheat." No doubt buckwheat
did come into Europe from the
East, and it is called by the French
"Saracen wheat" (file Sarrasin,) but ifc
is called by the Germans beech-wheat
(buchweizen.)
I will tell you another word the true
history of which was long unknown*..^
The best kind of almonds were called ''j||
"Jordan almonds, and as lately as 1706
a writer who wrote a book ealled "A
New World of Words," eaid tint the
tree that produced them '.'grows chiefiy -i^jg
in the Eastern countries, especially in
the Holy Land, near the river Jordan;"
and in 3757 another writer, who vas a
celebrated English botanist, made the
same remark. In 1877 the statement J.
was repeated in Smith's ''Bible plants,"
where we read that "the best so-called
'Jordan almonda' come from Malaga,
and none now come from the country ~ 'J|f
of the Jordan." It might nave Deen
added that none ever came from that
country, for we have learned from an
old book that Jordan almonds are simply
almonds that axe raised in gardens?the
French for garden being gcardin, which
was corrupted into Jordan very easily,
and the man who corrupted it forgothow
he made the mistake, or, perhaps,
he nevei noticed his error. It is a great
deal easier to make a mistake than it is
to correct one. This shows, too, how
readily people follow one another. No
one thought for centuries whether Jor
aan aimonas actually came irom ipo
country of the river or cot. They believed
what they had been told, and
when one man fonnd that there were no WS
almonds in the Holy Land, he did not
for a moment think that it might be
that none hai ever been raised there. "?
It shows that we onght to be careful to
know what we are talking about, and
that it requires a good deal of study to
be sure of anything. _
A. Victim of Circumstantial Evidence,
j: uriy uuu jr tsaara a&u a wciuuiu.
came to New York and took lodgings,
where he was allowed to do his own "
cooking in the same room with the family.
The husband and wife lived in a
perpetual quarrel. One day the German
came into the kitchen with a claspknife
and a pan of.potatoes, and he began
to pare them for his dincer. The
quarrelsome couple were in a more violent
altercation than usnal, but he sat
with his back toward them, acd, being
ignorant of their language, felt no dan- _ ?
ger of being involved in their dispute.
But the woman, with a sudden and unexpected
movement, snatched the knife -a
from his hand and pluneed it in her
husband's heart. She had sufficient
presence of mind to rush into the street
and scream murder. The poor foreigner
in the meanwhile, seeing the
wounded man reel, sprang forward to
catch him in his arms, and drew out the
knife. People from tne street crowded
in and found him with the dyiug man
in his arms, the knife in his hand and
blood npon his clothes.
The woman swore in the most positive
terms tbatbe bad been fighting with
ber husband, and had stabbed him with
a knife he always carried. The unfortunate
German knew too little English
to understand ber accusation or to tell
his own story. He was dragged off to
prison, and the true state of the case
was made known through an interpre
V\n+_ it toqo nnt Hal toTVJ/l on/1 thATPal
Utl J VUV IV nwvj MWH wv**viv?) mmv ?
criminal s^ora unhesitatingly that she
saw him commit the murder. He was *3$
executed, notwithstanding the most
persevering efforts of his lawyer, John
Anthcn, whose convictions of the man's
innocence were so painfally strong that J
from that day he refused to have any
connection with a capital case. Some
years after the woman died, and on her
deathbed confessed her agency in the
diabolical transaction.
Society, according to Mrs, Lydia
Alum unuas, who tens iue m-vcy, woo
intensely agitated by the discovery, but
the power to atone for the wrong had .
been thrown away, ard the poor victim
did not profit by this tardy repentance. ^
-Swedish Girls and Swedish Manners.
correspondent of the Boston Bullc ^
, traveling in Sweden, writes : I
was decidedly astonished not to find
the Swedes almost exclusively blondes,
for the prettiest Swedish women I saw
were nearly all brnnettes. A slight fee,
which by the way is unnecessary, ' -\j?
earned me a hearty hand clasp and .
many a warm expression of gratitude as
I said good-bye. This cnsfcom of handshaking
at the receipt of a gift is very
eommon?more in Norway than in Sweden?and
is cerrainly very pleasant to
the giver. Another little politeness
that I noticed all through Scandinavia - ;i|j
was the well-nigh universal practice by
gentlemen 01 raising ice aai wiieu ww
; ing, regardless of the sex of the person
addressed ; a decided improvement on
the brusque nod of Anglo-Saxons on
both sides of the ocean. Another evidence
of culture is the general ability
to speak foreign languages, especially
English. This is by no means confined
to the npper classes, for in remote val
leys and stations peasants and po>.t-boys
wonld address me in my native tongue,
and somevSmes politely wonder that I
oonld not st>eak theirs. For all ordi
nary travel a courier is an (Unnecessary
appendage. ~-^?a
Figaro says that there is in Paris a
writer who "does the descriptive part
of novels for novelists whose genius
; dees not lie in that line of writing. .
From him they purchase, cash down,
every kind of description of Pans
scenery.
The ripe seed of the mangrove is not
spattered, but remaics attached to the
capsule, still hanging on the mother *j3
plant. The seeds germinate, the rcct
seeks the ic'id. and the plant is growing
before the mother deserts it.
The U. S. soldiers, od the Eio Grande, J|Ih|
are deserting and going over into Mexico.
The came is not gi^en, but the -/jig
soldiers, no doubt, Lavs their private ;f|