TheNews and Hera!d.
- WINNSBORO, S. C.
P. M. DEES
Editor and Publisher
-.tered in the post' office at Winns
boro, 8. C., as second class mail mat.
Per
IRREGULAR SCHOOLING.
The head of the United States
Childrens Bureau says that one of
the first things she proposes to take
up, is irregular attendance of chil
dren in country schools. She
complains that a great many of the
pujils. are constantly kept out to
help in farm land other work. This
interferes with their education, it
breakz up the continuity and enthu
.siasm of school life, and is a great
hindrance to developing young peo
ple who should be as well fitted for
life as the city young folks.
Parents will say at certain times!
tAey need the help of their children,
and that their work would suffer if
they did not have it. But it is a
very serious matter to hamper a
child's deveropment. It is like bor
rowing out of your capital to pay
living expenses.
A child who is constantly being
taken out of school will get behind
his class. He will become discour
aged and probably wait to quit
school early. If he is encouraged to
attend school every day, his mind
will keep expanding, and he will
grasp the problems of life in a thor
ough way. He will become able to
make a success of everything he
takes hold of
If he gets discouraged and falls
behind, he will think the trouble is
with dountry life, that gives him no
chance. Pretty soon he will be run
ning off to some city hoping he can
earn big pay. But he will find tha
the same lack of mental training
that queered him in his home sur
roundings prevents his advjance in
the business world.
If the schools of Winnsboro and
Fairfield county could have the at-:
tendance of all their pupils every
y except in case of sickness, they
would make a record that would as
tOish and delight the parents. The
oung people would go ahead. much
hstI and a new vista of opportu
Smty and progress would open up be
this &unty.
E GET T-,HAT WE GIVE.
-gives frdwns and Mollie gives
gives siles and never gi
. d is so
~~efse andl bard, so ready to
''scold;
She never has learned in this life we
live
That 'all the world over we get what
w ive.
Bessie gives love and ever a smile;
bNev rgvstaifnts, eh'd never shows
guile;
~AdBessie declares -the world is all
right.
Sh~e long since has learned in this
life we live,
That all the world over we get what
we give.
"The world is so dreary," says Mol
ly to pa.
"The world is all gladness," says
Bessie to ma.
Iwould", says sad Molly, "I'd never
been born."'
uHow. sweet 'tis to live," says Bessie
egeh morn.
A The maxim is certain in this life we
- live,
7.That all the world over we get what
we give.
-How true are Riley's words:
-"lve elluzs noticed great success
~3Is mixed with troubles more or less;
L. And it's the man that does his best
That gets more kicks than all the
rest"
CATHOLICBOOKS
Sent free on appleation. Get
your information first hand.
estions answered by mail.
rite to
V. W. Ak TOBIN
, P.O. Box 202
hOCK HILL S. C.
AYJ~ nnie, the stork has broi ,ht
* ~a little -sister."
Aw g'wan. Stork nothin'. It
the milkman brought it. Don't
saiy on the wagon, 'Families sup
dily"'" -Fort Mason Mark-j
'* -
THE UNEMPLOYMENT CONFER
ENCE.
The country feels the keenest in
terEst in the conference called at
Washington to consider the matter
of unemployment. These delegates
represent sharp differences of opin
ion and' they will not agree if they
get to arguing over the libor ques
tion or the causes of present eco
nomic difficulties.
*It will do no good to start debates
that can only cause friction and lead
nowhere. The work of this confer
ence is to find some immediate prac
tical measures that will set idle peo
ple to work before the cold weather
comes. That can be done by a care
ful organization of the industrial re
souces of the country, to see that all
municipalities, employers and indi
viduals who have any work that
needs doing, shall offer the chance
at once to those who lack jobs.
Then the matter should be taken
foi 'ntensive study and action of
how industries that operate on a
'seasonal basis, can be handled so
as to run more regularly. If these
kinds of work could be stabilized a
vast annual aggregate of unemploy
ment could be prevented.
DOING ROAD JOBS THIS FALL.
The governor of Minnessota has
asked the highway department of
his state to place As many spring
contracts as possible, with the idea
that a good part of the prepara
tion at least could be done during
the fall and winter. Other state and
municipal authorities are doing the
ame thing. It is claimed b'y road
builders that construction accom
plished in the fall will be more
permanent.
The fall also should be a more fa
vorable time as far as labor supplies
go. Great numbers of harvest hands
vre being let go now,' and their ]a
hr will .be Available for road jobs.
Next spring they will be busy with
farm work before the road jobs are
thoroughly started' A big amount
of road work this fall and winter
will take care of a lot of otherwise
idle men, and have a marked tenden
cy to start up business.
It is to be hoped that the highway
authorities of South Carolina and
Fairfield county are planning to do
everything possible this fall on
pending projects.
The Story of
Our States i
TBy JONATHAN BRACE
XXVIII.~.TEXAS
So f Navarez
ble for the'
* first interest
* in. T exas.
**** This large ex
pediton was wrecked at the
4mouth of the Mississippi in 1528.,
Four members including Cabeza
de Vaca wgre captured by the
Indians anF spent eight years 1
wandering through the country
feventually reaching the Gulf of
California. It *as their ac
counts of rich Indian villages
which led the Mexican governor
country. He returned after a
two-years' trip without discover
+Ing the reputed riches which he
was' seeking.
?To counteract the aggressions
of the French settlements in
Louisiana, the Spanish estab
lished many missions throughout
Texas, the mont .important be
ing at San Antonio. When the
United States negotiated the
Louisiana Purchase from France
they considered that Texas was
a part of this territory. Over4
tis question war was nearly
precipitated but Anally the Uni- *
ted States withdrew their claims
in exchange for Spain's with-4
drawal of claims to tIle Oregon 4
regi.
IMany Americans began to set
te in Texas, among them Gen
eral Sam Houston anid Stephen'
F. Austin. Mexico became
alarmed at this rapid increase
of American pioneers which
threatened to crowd out the Mex
ican population. Oppressive
measures , were adopted and
caused the Americans to rise
tin rebellion in 1836. During this
uprising -occurred the gallant de
fense of the Alamo by a handful'
1of Americans and their slaughter
by the va'stly superior tnumbers
Sof~ the Mexicans. "Remember the
Alamo," became the Texans' slo
gn. General Houston decisive
Ily defeated the Mexinian forces
4at the battle of San Jacinto andt
Ithe Republic of Texas . was
launched with Houston as presi-4
dent. The flag contained one
star, and from this has come the
name the Lone- Star State. After
considerable opposition from the
North, Texas was annexed to
the Union'and became the twen
ty-eghthi state.
( by McClure Newspaper lyadieate.)
be~e...e
COTTON MARKET GAINS IN
WEEK.
New Orleans, Sept. 25.-The up
ward trend of the price of cotton
was more marked this last week, al
thoughe the widest gains were made
in the early session. There were
bulges of $6 a bale on~the opening
session of 4 week and on the fdl
lowing session October traded up to
20 cents a pound, at which level the
active months were 210 to 224 points
,ver the close of the preceding week.
This was the high stage f f the week.
In the later sessions considerable li
quidation of the long account was
accomplished and it was at the ex
pense of values, although on the
close prices were still 145 to 161
points higher than the close of the
-n eceding week. October closed at
19.35. In the spot department prices
gained 100 points on middling, which
closed at 19.50.
The markct acted overbought af
ter the middle of the week and its
tendency to react was strengthened
on reports of condition of the crop
which were considerably above ru
mors during the early sessions when
'he extreme view was held that con
dition percentages were likely to be
is low as 37 and possibly 35.
One private bureau report of the
week was 40.5 per cent. of normal,
indicating a crop of 6,241,000 bales.
This fell flat as a bullish influence.
A little later another report of 42.0
per cent. of normal was issued, in
dicating a crop of about 6,500,000
bales, which was actually callcd
bearish. Toward the end of the
week it looked as if many traders
were trying to bring about a more
reasonable view of the condition of
the crop. Government reports were
highly bullish, indicating further se
vere deterioration and much pre
mature opening of bolls. It was
stated in the official returns, state by
tate, over large areas of important
territory picking has already been
completed.
The October position occupied
much of the attention of the trade
because of the fact that Monday is.
the first notice day for tenders
against the month. For a while
longs were inclined to liquidate be
cause of the fear that tenders might
be large, but the widening out of
the premium on December over Oc
tober to 35 points at the end of the
week put a different face on the sit
nation and it was commonly -pre
dicted that October shorts would
transfer to December rather than
tender. Again there was a rumor
at the close of the week that October
longs were likely to ask for alto
gether more cotton than shorts
would care to deliver, which rumor
brought in much buying.
This coming week the narket will
to back to normal hours, bpening
at 9 o'clock and closing at 2, except
,n Saturdays, when the close wvill
eat 11. The first call Monday will
,made in the new cotton exchange
building just completed,
V.EEK LY COTTON LETTER.'
(Savannah Cotton Factorage Co.)
Cotton has advanced over le per
pound since last Friday, and seems
to be fairly stea~dy around the 20c
level, The trade is now guessing
what the Government's condition
figures will be on October 3rd. Most
of the estimates are between 38 and
40, while a few are as high as 42.
We know that the yield will be small
that spinners' stocks are low; that
cotton is not being marketed rapidly
and if the official condition report
proves to be below 40 we may see
higher prices.
American consumption last season
amounted to 4,887,893 bales,
Exports last season were 5, 7-34,584
bales.
Making a total of 10,612,477 bales.
If the 1921 crop proves to be 6,
300,Q00 bales, and American con
sumption and exports equal last sea
son's figures, it will be necessary for
spinners to buy at least 4,000,000
bales of old crop cotton in order to
fill their requireinents.
While it will probably be the poli
cy of the South to sell judiciously
where 20c and above can be obtained
we think they would stubbornly re
sist any important decline below
that figure. Meanwhile, with an un
doubted short supply owing to the
practical failure of the crop, the
spot owner ~holds the whip handle,
and we should see 23c to 25c cotton
before Christmas.
ANNUAL.~ MEETING.
The annual meeting of the Farm
er's Mutual Fire Insurance Associa
-ion will be held Wednesday, Octo'ber
he 5th, 1921, at 11 o'cr'ock a. m.
The election of officers will take
lace and business of importance will
be transacted. You are urgently in
ted to be presenl;.
DEEP,LATE FALL PLOWING ISI
BEST WAY TO FIGHT GARLIC.
Wild onions, otherwise known as
garlic, which cause American farm
3rs millions of .dollars annual loss,
:an best be combated by deep, late
Fall plowing, is the opinion of the
United States Department of Agri
ulture. In plowing, the tops should
be completely turned under. A join
ter attached to the plow, and also
disking before plowing, will help to
put the tops under. The following
spring give' the land a thorough pre
paration and plant to some tilled
crop, such as corn in check rows.
It is sometimes impracticable to
eradicate this pest completely. An
important remedial method in such
cases is to sow small grain late in
the fall, plowing and preparing the
land just before seeding the grain.
This method-will not destroy the on
ions, but gives them such a setback
that the bulblets do not have time to
mature before the grainis harvested.
An important precautionary mea
sure is to sow only grain which is
free from bulblets.
Damage from wild onions is of two
general classes. Cows eat the young
shoots in spring, resulting in tainted
milk and butter; and the bulblets
which grow in clusters at the top uf
the stalk in summer are so nearly
the size and weight of wheat kernels
that it is difficult or almost impossi
ble to separate them except after
artificial or over-season drying. On
ion-tainted wheat flour is highly ob
jectionable in bread, and wheat thus
fouled is shunned by millers. The
presence of onions in wheat also in
terferes with milling operations by
gumming the rolls.
GRAZING IS BEST MEANS OF
MAINTAINING SOIL FERTILITY.
There is no system of agriculture
that maintains the productivity of
the soil better than grazing, accord
ing to observations of the United
States Department of Agriculture
especially where the' animals are
kcpt continually on the pastures.
Some of the best pastures in south
western Virginia have been grazed
or at least 100 years. Many of them
have never been plowed.
The difficulty in getting a good
sod on land that has been cropped
with grain for a few years has
proved the wisdom of keeping the
land permanently in grass. It must
be borne in mind that there are
striking 'difference in methods of
grazing. Where beef cattle or sheep
are grazed, all of the resulting ma
nure is left on the pastures, and the'
land is further enriched if the ani
mas are given additional feed dur
ing the winter. This is usually not
the case on dairy farms, where the
attle spend much of the time in
yards or stables.
Grazing~ is not sufficienitly remun
rative to justify the liberal use of
comercial fertilizers, and very lit
le is ever used in the bluegrass re
gion on the pasture lands. In Eng
land it is not uncommon to apply
basic slag at the rate of 1,000 lbs.
per acre to permanent grassland.
Some farmers in the bluegrass re
gion of Virginia are beginning to
se lime and some form 6f phosphate
an their pastures. This improves
the stand of grass, but there are no
:lata available to show whether the
incrase will cover the expense. In
he absence of any experimental da
ta, e ry farmer is advised to '-x
periment on his own fields in a small
way.'- An application of 500 pounds
f acid phosphate or of bone meal
to a half acre in an old pasture will
soon show whether it is advisable to
se fertilizers. If this quantity
makes a marked improvement in the
stand of grass, less might be bene
licial.
We have.
This week
N. C. dried 'apples
Cream of Wheat
Fresh Oat Flakes
A. B. Cathcart
COOK STOVES-Get our prices and
save imoney.
Bruce Furniture Co.
WANTED-To rent 5 pr six room.
house with water and electric
ligh+s Apply at Jack's '
Cotton Insurance I
I am in position to write insur- .
ance on cotton anywhere, (
either in seed, in ginnery, or*
in storage.
Lowest rates possible
Prompt delivery of policy
"Some Agencies insure here and there,
"My Companies insure everywhere."
D. A. Crawford *
Next door to Western Union
Columbia Lumber Manufacturing Company
Manufacturers of
Sash, Doors and Blinds, Interior Finish, Pine, Cy
press and Oak, Flooring. Ceiling, Weatherboard
ing, Moulding, Door and Wipdow Frames.
Columbia South Carolina
We have a high power, fast cutting outfit forced feed-a
comjlete power plant in itslef for sawing logs to any length
Does the work of six to ten men.
Lever control 'of blade while en
gine is running. Have good as
sortment of Gasoline Engines. All
equipped with Bosch Magneto and
offered at factory prices.
Lever control starts and stops COLUMBIA SUPPLY CO.,
Saw -823 W. Gervais St., Columbia, S. C.
The first ten orders received for this engine will be furnished for
$125 each. Do not forget Bosch Magneto Equipment instead of
Battery.
COLUMBIA SUPPLYCOMPANY
823 West Oervais Street COLUMBIA, S. C.
After Every Meal
Sea led Ti(jt Kept Right
W RIGL.EY'S' has steadily
kept to the pre-war price.
And to the same hlgh stand
ard of quality.
Ndo other goody lasts so
long-costs so little or does
so much for you.
Handy to carry-beneficial
in effect-full of flavor-a. .
solace and comfort for
'yOung and old.
THE FLAUOR
.7 -iLASTS