Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAGN S ON- - WINNSBORO, S. C.. WEDNESDAY, M.\RCH 14. T906. ESTABLISHED 1844 & YOUNG DIPLOMiATS, MUDREN OF AMBASSADORS AXE MINISTERS AT THE NATIOW'S CAPITAL. ey Constitute Quite a Foreign Col Iy. Representative Types From the Courts and Governments of all Nations. The city of Washington has among Its inhabitants a colony of foreign children who bring to our Republic, the manners and customs of many far-off lands. They are the sons and daughters of the officials known as lomats-men sent by the various ernments of the world to act as r agents at the hea-uarters of . )e Sam. Quite a number of these ren of foreign parents have been in this country and a few years A CHILDREN OF MINISTER FROM PARAGUAY. ago a Chinese baby opened its eyes in our capital city on the Fourth of July, and was named Washington. Another youngster who is a native of the United States is the little son of Senor Quesada, the Minister or Envoy from the Republic of Cuba. Senor eada and his wife have two chil V both strikingly handsome with large dark eyes and the olive complex ion of the Latin-Ameridan. Their cous in, a young girl whose home is in the city of Havana Cuba, spends her va cations with them and they never fail to give a great childrens' party in her honor every time she visits Washing ton. From the Antipodes. An exceedingly pretty little girl is *rau Matilda Bussche, the daughter hat blonde giant Baron Bussche, etary of the German Embassy and dark-complexioned South Ameri wife whom he married while sta d in the Argentine Republic at her end of our continent. Little Bussche has a striking combina f dark eyes and flaxen hair and e her tender years she speaks different languages. er South American children in odd community in Washington, the two sons of Senor Baez, the ster from the little known Re public of Paraguay. The new Mexican Arbassador and Senora Casasus have seven children; Hector, aged eighteen; Evangelina, fifteer-; Horacio, fourteen; Margarata, thirteen; Mario, eleven; Leon, nine and Jorge, seven. At the home of the Envoy from Costa Rica there are half a dozen children; the Minister from Haiti has two dark-coin plexioned sons; there are several young people in the household of the first Minister from the new Republic of Panama; and five attractive young sters enliven things at the residence & the new Ambassador from Brazil the first Ambassador (a diplomat 01 higher rank than a Minister) to come to the Unted States from any Souti American country. These young peoplh fro Brazil, speak the Portuguese Ige whereas the junior citizen! f Iother Pan-American countries spanish. Chinese Children. Icuous among the juveniles o1 a ons gathered in Washingtoi - e from China. The presen ster from the Celestial Empire, Si: ntung Liang-Cheng is a widowe: So has a large family but only thre< V C1ILDREN OF CUSAN MINIlSTER. cthem accompanied him to thi country--a daughter aged about seven teen who is famous in Washington fo her superb jewels and two sons on ci whom is not yet twelve years 3 -a whfle the other Is still younger In the same househG" are four half children, tka little sons an< daughters of Yung Kwai, a Chinaman Who acts as interpreter at the Legation whose wife is an American formerly living in Springfield, Mass. The daughter of the Minister is known even to her intimate friends as Miss Liang. Like other Celestial women of high station she has a given name but the Chinese are a very for mal people and the Minister's daughter is seldom addressed by her first name even by her father. Minister Liang's two sons who now speak Eng lish almost as fluently as their father adopted American dress from the day they took up their residence in Wash ington but the daughter of the Envoy still clings to her native dress con sisting of loose blouse z.nd trousers. Chinese fashions have not changed in centuries but Miss Liang's costumes are made by a Chinese tailor connect ed with the Legation. Her costumes are of the richest silks and satins, black and white being her favorite colors. The quaint Chinese shoes that she wears cause this ycung lady to walk in what appears to American eyes, a rather awkward fashion but she has not the small, deformed feet such as have prevented some of her predecessors at the Chinese Legation from walking without assistance. Young Chilean Ladles. Two young people whIN ha7e made many Areric::a friends during a long term of residence in the United States I are the daughters of Senor Don Joa quin Walker-Martinez, the Minister from Chili. These young ladies have been living under the Sts.rs and Stripes for nearly five years and have attended American schools. They have the clear olive complexion, dark hair and eyes and rich coloring typi cal of the Latin Races. As has been mentioned above there are many young people in the house holds of the envoys from South and Central America and the West Indies. At the Legation of Haiti, are the Misses Bourke, popular young rela tives of Minister Leger, who by the way is one of the veteran dlplomats at Washington, having resided in this country continuously for ten years. -. MISS MATIl Daughter of Secretar The agent of the Republic of Bolivia a1 Uncle Sam's seat of Government ha a very pretty da~;hter, Elena CalderoI by name, and there are several girl: in the large family of Senor Calvo, thi Minister from Costa Rica. Son A West Pointer. Minister Calvo, by the way has son who is a cadet at West Point an< is rendering a most excellent accoun1 of himself, standing well toward th< head in all his classes. The new Russian Ambassador to thi United States has a decidedly prett: daughter, Baroness Elizabeth Roser and the only daughter o:f the Britisi Ambassador constitutes another imi portant member of the foreign colony The last-mentioned youn:g lady, Mis Josephine Durand, is one of the partic ular chums of President Roosevelt' eldest daughter, just married. Th< Turkish Minister Chekib Bey has tw< oung sons who wear Americal dress and speak ::he English language A Lapland Birthzday Present. As soon as a Lapp baby is born reindeer is presented to him, Thi: reindeer Is literally his start In life Ifor not only that deer, but all ita young, and as they grow up. all thel young deer, belong to the child. Wher -he is of age he has quite a herd o: his own. This custom Is of much greater use to him than if every aunt, uncle and cousin he had in the world prsento4 -him with the hieaviest sitter spo0l in to bennond. GULF STREAM4 SWi1 HeS THEY EXCOCNTER MANY UK KXOIIW AXD SIUGULAR DENI ZENS OF THE DEEP. Starling Experience of a Moonlight Swim in the Great Ocean Current Accomplished by Shark-Scared Big Fish Away. The wharf rats of New York and other large cities who seem willing to brave the wrath of the officers of the law are but the making of many of the most fearless swimmers of the world. A commercial traveler who journeys, not only all over the pre cincts of the United States, but in foreign lands as well, in speaking of his happy boyhood days when he as sociated with the daring swimming population of the Metropolis, said that, however pleasant and enjoyable his youthful excursions, they were not to compare with a swim in the Gulf Steam-the Gulf Steam, teeming with life, that only one whose nerves are in absolute consonance with the ocean can escape. Wrigging and dart ing things grip unseen at the swim mer's breast and arms. Silvery flashes before his face tell of fish turning their glittering sides sharply as they leap away at his approach. Big and little, rising out of enormous depths to sink again half seen, all conspire to make that sunlight splendor a place of sudden terrors to any except the fearless. Moonlight Swim in the Tropics. "One evening," said the man of commerce, "after I had been in Ja maica, having a week of the joys of swimming this stream. I proposed to a couple of my friends that we break the monotony by taking a dip in the water by moonlight. One of them con sented, and we were soon disporting ourselves In the clear moonlit water. "We were going along easily and en joying the swim immensely. Rarely have I seen the water so phosphor escent. Every stroke made fire whirl -. e.* - - -.-. - -.| .A BUSSCHE. yof German Embassy. around' us, and once, when I looked over at my companion, who was swim ming abreast of me probably a hun dred feet away, he seemed to be ab solutely immersed In sparkling flame. But that same moment I became aware of a third a.rea of swiftly moving phos phorescenlce between us; and the next instant I realized that it was made by a big shark, a good three feet longer than I am. Shark Was Gamey. "I splashed hard, but the shark, contrary to the habits of his kind. did not turn tail. H~e kept right on, and then my companion saw him and ecame nervous. He began to swim unevenly, and I knew at once that he might not keep his head if the big -fish should really try to annoy him. So I struck straight across at right angles. "Just as I got half way over, th2 shark put on speed and forged head down on me. For a moment, as I saw that green, submarine streak of fire, with the glistening dorsal fin sticking up higher than my head, com ing straight for me like a shot, I was nearly panic stricken myself. But I turned directly at him pounding and lashing the sea with hands and feet and blowing the water to make a bel lowing noise. The man-eater sank be neath the s;urface. and I could see his faintly iliuminated outline going down, down, slowly, till it glimmered fath o ms deep. Then I gt my haut under Imy eompaien's urmjit and helped hti along" ur g-ems nTu ot ever want a moon light swim here again after that, eh? said one of his hearers. "Oh, we were kind of scared, all right," was the reply, "but it wasn't that bad. Only I will confess that we sat around for nearly an hour getting our nerves straightened out before we swam ba.ck." 0 GREAT CULEBRA CUT. Biggest Piece of Digging Ever Under taken-A Huge Mexican Drainage Cut. The huge excavations for the Pana ma Canal across the Culebra divide will be by far the greatest furrow in the earth's surface ever made by human agency. This statement is made by the Engineering News, in a com prehensive discussion of the great excavation projects of the world. The big Panama cut is so large that the mind fails to grasp its real magnitude, and it can only be appreciated by comparison with some familiar object. A question of considerable interest re cently raised by a correspondent re;, lates to the largest existing artificial excavation which is at all comparable with the Culebra cut. Great amounts of excavation were done, of course, on such works as the North Sea Canal, the Nanchester Canal and the Suez Canal; but all these were built through comparatively level country. So far as it has been able to dis cover, the only deep cut at all com parable with that to be made through the Cuelbra divide is the great Nochi stongo cut through the hills which surround the Valley of Mexico. This huge excavation was begun in 1640, for the purpose of affording an outlet to the flood waters which had inun dated the City of Mexico and destroyed a great part of the city and its in habitants. For more than a hundred and forty years labor on this great work was the chief task of the Mex ican nation, and it was not until the year 1789 that it was finally completed. The total length of the Nochistongo cut is twelve and one-half miles. Its greatest depth is 197 fect, and its great est width is 361 feet. The total amount, of material excavated was about 54, 000,000 cubic yards. In comparison with this the cut at Culebra will have a considerably greater maximum depth and width, even for the project with the eighty-five-foot summit level. The total cube of excavation at the Culebra divide was estimated by En gin-ecr Wallace as 186,000,000 cubic yards for the sea-level canal and 111, 000,000 cubic yards for a canal with a sixty-foot summit level. While in mere size of excavation the cut through the Panama divide is, by far the larger, the fact that the Nochistongo cut was made with abso lutely no aid from machinery or me chanical power, but wholly with. hu man muscle, makes our task on the isthmus seem like mere child's play in comparison with that accomplished by those patient toilers under the tor rid sun of Mexico two centuries ago. I When one recalls that this deep, arti ficial valley, more than twelve miles long, was all dug by the labor of In dians, who excavated the material with the crudest hand tools and car ried it in baskets on their heads to the place of final deposit, the great cut of Nochistongo is entitled to rank, w. ith the Pyramids of Egypt, among the world's greatest wonders. What Governs Prie of Dogs. The price paid for a dog seems to be governed not so much by the value of the animal as the sentiment of the pur chaser in the vast majority of cases and, as a rule, the sporting dog brings the lowest figure. IDoubtless this is lue to the fact that the man who wants . gun dog is a practical person, while the seeker after the "'show dog" pays for running the "show." It is granted right here that many a good gun dog also shows well, but the highest prices go for the show animal, pure and sim ple. At a recent sale of pointers and set ters at Birmingham, England, one of the most important sales in years, the entire lot-two score or more-sold for $3,026. The highest price paid was $325, for the famous female pointer, Coronation (four and a half years) the winner of many championships; while among the setters the choice was Ightfield Bang (four and a half years). a great field trial winner, who brought only $185. American purchasers would have thought these dogs cheap at $1,000 apiece. In contrast with these prices, the bull terrier Woodcote Wonder sold in New Haven for $5,000 to a San Fran cisco purchaser. Richard Ci 1ker, Jr., paid $3,000 for his Champion Rodney Stone, and Frank Gould paid as high as $5,000 for a St. Bernard. These are real prices-unlike many of the amounts running up into the thousands tagged on to bench space, of not a few 30-cent dogs, exhibited at some of the kennel shows, where it is believed nec essary to have something attractive. Highest Salaried Woman. Miss Kate Hol11.0ay Claghorn, of Brooklyn, has been appointed to be registrar of the tenement house depart ment of the city and is the highest paid woman in the civil service of New York State, her salary being $3000 a year. At a competitive examination, the only other person to pass was George Hale, a veteran in the department, whose average was a little less than that made by his successful rival. Miss Claghern le a verv pr"??v vonne woman of modest and unassuming E MOUROE OF THE SOUTH. THEY ARE MA GSIFICENT: BUT DEVELOPMEXT HAS 0NLY JUST COMMESCED. No Section of the United States Offers Productive Land So Cheap. Opportunties for Many IWlions o1 Rural Homes. BY WILLIA.M E. SMYTIIE. It is a comfort to us to look forward to the day when our children and our grandchildren will be fuliiledged CiuI zens of the Republic? Will they have the same chance or an equally good chance with us, or the chances that our fathers an-1 our grandfathers had to enjoy the blessings of our free-in. stitutious? Will they have the chance that we have to make or secure, each. a home of his own? It has been said that the true test of statesmanship is the provision which is made for the comfort of posterity. The present population of the United States WILLIAM E. SMYTHE. is 80,000,000. A generation more, at the present rate of nierease, and it will be 120,000,000 or 130,000,000. A century hence, it will be 500,000,000 The children of some of us, anyway our grandchildren, will live to see that date. Will the United States then be able to sustain such a population? No.) nor half that number, even with every arable acre cultivated according to present methods. It is estimated that \with every such acre cultivated after the present manner, the country could produce only enough to sustain 144, 0,0000 people. What about the re maining 35",000.000 souls of which our children or grandchildren will be a Do we ever stop to think that the matter for organizing rural settlement throughout the United States-of "Building the Unfinished Republic," i you please-is not merely a matter of increasing material prosperity, or eve: a matter of m.kling homes for the homeless, but something which is ab solutely vital to :ie very existence of the Nation in times to come. and tc come very shor:'.y? Somebody rust look ahead; some body must take n--ount of the needr of the future. Tis i a portentou question which the future must an swer, and whi'h the future simply cannot answer unless the present gene ration begins to organize its forces for lie systema tic and scientific develop ment of our entire fund of natura! THE ANC is not an irnprovensent on tbc 01 MET HOD) of burning oil whi< (or coal oil) the most sati -And when we say satisfactory we mnei gives a brillant light, but or. th~a comn' :2 - ty; that is ci-nvenient as gais, safe as a1 thiat in a few months' use IT ACTUALLYJ 'The ordinary lamp with the round 3 lighting methods. burns but about 5 hou~ burns a fulliS hcurs on the same quantity. more than its entire original cost But mn Ordinary lamps must always be turne< hours a nigrht all that is really needed i: wanted. A gallon of oil a week absolutely turn' d lowv without vnbearable odor. Al burned at full height or turned low, it give You should know more about the lam; i ght. might be considered a luxury were 1it an actual necessity. Write for our cata of oil lighting, and t or our proposiian to 30 DAY W hen .uch peopic a. er.Pre.Ident Clevel of'other., cfteritryingThe Angie 1a.as find tur, ..i th row neny. gn' tine are nee.-tylene sen tw,"rwhi h give y i-te ent g f our t.n e TII ANGLE MANOFACTURING CI liI wealth ,nor even then unless methods are devised to prevent waste and t< increase efficiency in every direction The Prophecy of Malthus. A century ago, one Malthus, started the world by depictinr the horrors which would some day come from over-population. His theory was that the number of human beings increased much faster than the - means of subsistence; r hence, that disaster must come in the natural course of events. It was not given him to foresee how vastly the means of subsistence would be increased through the inven tion of labor-saving machinery, the dis covery of new crops and methods of cultivation, and the improvement of the means of distribution. So that many of the present-time writers, having in mind the advance of science, speak in no little deroga tion of the teaching of Malthus as narrow and m-rinded upon ignorance of the vast, ever-unfolding resources of the world. Nevertheless Malthus's warnings were not entirely unjustified, and as applied to ourselves it must be conceded that the thoughtful people o1 the United States have no more urgent business than to make broad outlets for surplus population upon the soil and to train the rising generation so that it will know how to make the best possible use of natural resources now wastefully employed or altogether neglected. Necessity, the prolifiG mother of invention, will doubtless continue to place in our handq new tools which will multinly our power of production; -t if we would escape grave trials and hardships we must do thoroughly and well the work whieb needs to be done in organizing pros perity for our people by means ot rural settlement. The rural settlement, and all that this term involves in its broad'Ft n plication-the division of land into smaller farm homes, sufficient for thr support of a family from the soil, the diversification of crops, and their ut most cultivation and the improvement and breeding up of plants so that they will yield their greatest product, the utilization of every waste and unpro ductive acre-in short, the settling of the entire country into small rura! homes, so that each family shall own a piece of land from which he may secure a living for himself and his family-this is the work than whicb there is no more Important question before the country to-day. The Empire of the South. Now all this is merely introductory to a discussion of the opportunities for domestic expansion in various parts of our great country, and of the need of private and public enterprise in mak ing these opportunities available for the masses of men. First of all, let us look at that great empire which lies between Mason and Dixon's line and the Gulf of Mexico, and, for the most part, east of the Mississippi River. A native of New England and a citizen of the Pacific Coast. I never fully grasped the truth about the South until through travel, I saw and came to know things as they are. I once thought of the South as an old country, vastly interesting because of its historic associations, running back to the earliest English settlements on this continent, but practically deve loped to the limit of its normal growth and possessing resources in terior to some other portions of the Union, especially to those of the Far The truth is something very differ ent. In an economic sense. the South is a new country, with immense re (Continued on next page.) LE LAMP style lamp, but an entirely NEW bh has made common kerosene factory of aln iliuminants. 'satisfactory-not an illuminant that merely a briiliancy with soft. restful, pleasing qual -Bfow candle; and yet so economical to burn AYS FOR ITSELF ek, generally constidered the cheapest of altl s on a quart of oil while The Angle Lamp his, ev en where oil is cheap. soon amounts to nother way it saves as much--perhaps more. ' Iat full height, although o an average of o a dim light ready to be turned up full wheb asted, simply because your lamps cannot bel his is saved in The Arngle Lamp. f or whether snot the slightest trat of odor or smoke. 1 which for its convenience and soft, restful not for the wonderful econom" wmich makest ogue '15" fully explaining this new principle prove these statements by S' TRIAL itits or ordinary lamp., It Isa surely worth your S.so i n 'd our honklet."'LlghtInr and Common raof experientc with ali.s of ightmg tanetihos.a ,78-80 NIR RAY ST.,.DH ORK