Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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LIFE'S LOOM. Weaving, weaving, weaving, Time is the wao, and throbbing, lie's loom goes; pnning, spinning, spinnng, Man's deeds the woof, Quickly and busily the shuttle he throvs. The little child takes up the task, As soon s consciousness begins, $is-tiny hands uncertain act, As merrily he heedless spins. The youth; with pride and confidence, Loud vaunts the deeds he will achieve. The future big with great events, In blazing light his name will weave. Hard pressed, beset, the man toils on, Speed by the days, the months, the years, Aghast and desperate he stands, So small his greatest work appears. With palsied hand, old age has come, Slow goes the loom - Fate cuts the thread; Wide yawns the grave; the web is spun, A shroud is woven for the dead. 'Tie thus through life; man spins and weaves, Until of time and deeds complete This mystic robe, his very self, Becomes for him his winding-sheet. Weaving, weaving, weaving, Time is the warp. Pulsing and throbbing, life's loom goes; Spinning, spinning, spinning, Man's deeds the woof, Ever and ever the shuttle he throws. -Harper's Weekly. S"Smiler" Hart's Watch By Phn. More. OHN HART, or "Smiler," as the the men called him, for his mirth-loving nature, stood in the doorway of the engine-room lounging easily against the frame set In:the heavy brick walls and surveying tlpe scene about the iron mine. S Itwaa- maze of tracks, ore trestles, eoal sfsds, slag dumps and ash dumps. &e q a tacked pig iron filled one cor ner 6of te scene, with a Bessemer steel plant: spouting flame and smoke to the right and a billet and iron mill nearer en~ the left. Filling the greater part of the foreground were huge furnaces, with stacks carrying off the heat in long trailing blue clouds. Behind Smiler were three vertical blowing engines, which ran continu posly all the year to make the blast. - They "chugged" and jarred, and gave 3 ong walling gasps and shrieks for fri They were gigantic, old-fash ' - nioaed walking beam engines, with the steam cylinder at one end of the beam, the air cylinder on the other, each 1 ertl'A%nil twelve feet in length. Rer a mere boy in appearance little more than five feet tall eyery part of the engines, from ta foot fly wheel to the smallest ~2o the Oppet valve gear. Amid deetany ustomed AsSm1es- ting his eyes from - tuying, revolving D eee (bcal struck the - fhtn.- He stepped ,ti doorway and saw a eof the coal tres cnlating. When he had en's attention he held up ,which, amid the din and up ed "What-time is it?" gravely .took out his watch, 'teit, put it back into its pock then signaled back, "Half past This reminded him that it was to oil up, and he re-entered the e rioom. Every Inlet valve was -f-ing"~ for air, and the air was through the outlet valve on way to the leader pipe. SmIler, taking an oil can, began the rounds, when an unsual noise caught his attextlon. There was a snapthen a grash. At the crash he sprang for ~.~-iward to the throttle valve on No 1 en Sgine, and before she had turned over -c to make another complete stroke he had stopped her. He thought he knew what had hap pened, and before Investigating he put the other two engines to their maxi -mum speed that the air pressure might be meiDtained If possible. To keep the air piessure or blast steadily on the furnaces was the most important work the engines had to dQ - Smiler then seize,dit lamp and -a wrench and ra,n throu'gh the arch Into the' compressor room, where the three air cylinders stool in a row fifteen feet apart. Then he looked down at the cy linder attached to the motionless en ~:gine. It was as he had supposed. The yoke holding the manhole plate and gasket in position had broken, and the whole arrangement had dropped Into the cy liunder. Smiler sprang to the walking ~:beam, slid down fie connecting rod Sto the cylinder h,iad, standing there a moment on the Immense casting, which was five feet In diameter. Without a thor'ght of danger he squatted down, stuck his feet through the smaft oblong opening and wriggled through to his shoulders. Holding up Shis arms, with the wrench and lamp In ~'his hands, he reached out with hisq toes -and touched the air piston.. The en gine being at less than mid-stroke this was a third of~ the way up in the cylin der.er Drawing his arms through he ~crouched down and so gained the in terior of the cylinder. It was like an oven. The gleaming, polished walls ~any part: it was all too hot, and he ovte his lamp around over the top o-tepiston, looking for the broken - oke and plate. Amoment after Smiler had dropp,ed -out of sight. Dennison, the boss fur neceman, entered the engine room ex citedly. He had missed the familiar beat of one machine, and feared a di miknui.on of the b'-ast. "Smiler!" he shouted, looking round. "O Smiler: Smiler! Then he went to' the throttle valve and took up the start ing bar. Meanwh'le Smiler gathered up the broken yoke and reached up to lay it on top of the head, shoving his hand through the narrow opening. The plate was a heavier piece, and he shouldered it first. It was a severe strain in the close, hot cylinder to push it up through at arm's length. As he laid it beside the broken yoke he felt the piston beneath his feet move. For an instant his heart stopped beating. The piston went down slowly, with a hesitating motion. It would go down about four feet more, if the engine had been started, and then rush up twelve feet and flatten him against the iron head! This he realized. But when the piston had moved down two feet it stopped. The manhole by which he had entered was now almost five feet above his head. He gave a hoarse cry of terror, but it only reverberated in his ears. Above the jar, pound and scream of the other engines he could hardly hope to make himself heard. He felt the jerk of the engine on the piston beneath his feet as Dennison tried to start it. Luckily the furnace man was not an adept at this work. Who could be meddling with the en gine? Smiler wondered. Hoping to attract the man's attention he threw the wrench out of the manhole. It disappeared. The piston continued to descend. Smiler, in an agony of ap prehension, cast the lamp after the wrench. Meanwhile the polished hot walls ra diated heat and the piston burned his feet. If he could only jump and catch the manhole! But in the narrow space he was unable to spring more than a few inches. Taking off his jumper he tried to throw it through, but it fell back on him. The piston was jarring harder. S i ler knew that the bungler was making desperate efforts to start the engine, and had opened the valve wider. Then Smiler threw his keys, his knife and his hat through the hole. At last out flew his beloved watch. It sailed in a high curve and disappeared. Outside something fell on the stone floor near Dennison and broke with a crash. He looked down. A watch! Smiler's watch! Dennison looked round for the young fellow, and saw the other things-Smiler's keys, knife, lamp, hat and wrench. But where was Smiler? Dennison, deciding that some thing was wrong, shut off the steam. Then, running up the steps which Smiler had ascended but a few min utes before he looked and called for the young engineer. Seeing the open manhole he went to the top of the head. "Smiler!" he called, bending over the hollow, echoing cylinder. "Yes, I'm in here!" Smiler answered. Dennison lying out at full length en the head reached down his hand and Smiler grasped it. As Dennison slo'w ly rose to his knees with his burden Smiler ascended inside until he was able to grasp the edge of the head, and with the furnaceman's assistance he emerged, streaming with perspiration. and so weak with fright that he could hardly stand. "Close call, young fellow !" Dennison observed, grimly. "Close enough," Smiler returned. "Help me get this manhole head in po sition so I can start up. If you had known how you'd have had me flat tened out long age."-Youth's Compan Modest Fees. I.awyers do not usually get the small end of a bargain with their clients, but the Green Bag recalls two incidents were the clients had rather the best of it Sir Walter Scott's first client was a burglar. He got the fellow off, but the man declared he hadn't a penny to give him for his services. Two bits of useful Information he offered, however, and with these the young lawyer had to be content. The first was that a yelping terrier inside the1 house was a better protection against1 thieves than a big dog outside; and the second, that no sort of lock botheredi his craft so much as an old, rusty1 one. Small compensation as this wvas, the first brief of the noted French lawyer, Monsieur - Rouher', yilded still less. The peasant for whom Monsieur Rou her won the case asked how much he owed him. "Oh, say two francs," said the modest young advocate. "Two francs!" exclaimed the peasant. "That is very high. Won't you let me off with a franc and a half?" "No," said the counsel; "two francs1 or nothing."1 "Well, then," said his client, "I'd rather pay nothing." And with a bow he left, Lamp Boys of London. Owing to the new acetylene lamps, which appear to-day for the first time on 1200 omnibuses, says the Westmins-1 ter Gazette, a certain group of street characters familiar to Londoners are lost from view. There are the agile lamp boys posted at various points along the principal routes over which the omnibuses run. Their chief duty consisted in clambering swiftly up the t 'b)us and dexterously removing, some tmes while the vehicle was in motion, the old oil lamp, which is to be hap- I pily seen no more in our midst. The new acetylene lamp will require no attention en route, and for the conduc or to light up it will only be necessary for him to turn a small tap. Before the 'bus leaves the company's yards in the morning, an official places a1 cake of carbide of calcium In a small slot 'beneath the lamp, and beyond filling a small tank with water nothing else is required to p)rovide the power fu1l new i11nuninant. _RP ON TIHAT FIGIIT \ot Disgusted With Tillman For Hfis Fight in the Senate. FORMERLY WAS GREAT KONG But Nowadays Most flembers of That August Body Oct There On Account of Their Wealth. I was ruminating about the fight. It s common property and everbody has the right to talk about it. Tillman did wring in jumping over three desks to strike McLaurin. About one desk was the limit of property. Three desks gIves a man time to cool and that makes it against the law to fight. As to the time and place, that is of no consequence now. There was a time in the days of Webster and Calhount and Tom Ben ton and Henry Clay when the United States senate was as sacred almost as a church, but now a large majority of Its members get their places by con duct indefinitely more disgraceful than fighting. Bribery and corruption have got so com.mon that a man can't get there without using a big pile of money and making a lot of promises. Of course, I do not include our southern senators, for they haven't got the money. If we had some millionaires In Georgia, Clay and Bacon would have to step down and out. And I am not so disgusted with Tillman for fighting in the senate chamber. He had reason to believe that his partner had received promises, and I reckon he had. He cer tainly had great expectations or he would not have flopped over to the re publicans so suddenly. Politicians have to be paid for their votes. Tillman is a true man, but he is not a great and good may. I admire him for some traits in his character. He cannot be bribed r intimidated. He dares to say what he believes and he uses his pitchfork with impernity. He is Impetuous and com. bative, but he is sincere and everbody admires a sincere man. Sincere is one of the strongest and best words in our ianguage. It literally means unsealed without wax-for In the olden times lotters were sealed with wax, but if it contained no secrets it was not sealed at all, for wax cost money. Tillman is a bold, defiant, stubborn man, but he is not great. A great man like Webster or Calhoun would have said to Mc Laurin, "Well, sir, if.I am a liar I de- 1 serve the epithet. If I am not, then you deserve it, but I shall not stoop to give t." I wish we were all that great. 'his thing of resenting the charge of Lying with a blow is a strange perver Sion of propriety. A man may gain his ends by cheating, swindling, over reaching hypocracy, bribery or conceal ing the truth, but you must not call im a liar, He may break all the command ments, but dont call him a liar, though 1 that is not in the Decalogue. All that I regret about the fight is that Spooner did not call Tillmsan a lia,r and get maujgd for it berfore;McLunaaa [ want somebody to whip Spooner. He was the teaser that brought on the figni. .u -n delighted that It occur rew between the two Carolina senators. Wth his party it is no crime to shoot down ten thousand Filipinos, who re ruse to gIve up their country, but it shocks them awfully to have a littlE racas in the senate chamber. Well, there are some great men and there are many good men, but great-1 ness and goodness are rarely combined. I Addison says it takcs both to make aJ man complete. Such, for example, as1 Washington and Robert E. Lee, Jot says grea.t men a.re not. I.ways wise and e might have added m~ost of them are~ mean, selfish, heartless and abmitious. Lord Bacon, for instance, who took well and No.poleon. Webster was a very great man and long has been my ideal of greatness. He was called the God- t ike, but sometimes his human nature I overcamehim. And so with Henry Clay' t and Bob Toombs. The great weakness i of the people is idolatry. Partisan or ~ sectional or religious Idolatry. Every% man who climbs high up where the people can see h.im Is either a saint or a sinner, according to our politics, ourC section, our creed. One man Idolizes the tharacter of Lincoln or of Grant. C mother holds both of them in -;on empt. I suppose that three-fourths of he northern people pay homage to the emory of old John Brown for what hey call his good intentions, and every orthern history and encyciopela apol gizes for him, and even so good a man as McKinley excus."d himself for no4 ittending the reinterment of his bones, i on the ground that the pressure of of- I Ical duties would not-permit him to eave Washington. Most northern men still denounce John C.'Galhoun as the 3 Lthor of secession and justify Sher- i nan in burning Coluinbia. Here ii ' 'eorgia this Idolatry is already taking shape in our silly hurrahs for our can lidate for governor. But, as usual, the oudest shouters have axes to grind md are diligently eneied in setting :raps to catch the people. But this is ~ :he shadowy side of politics and I von't ruminate any further about It. I If the ground was dry enough I 'ould work some In the garden, and ot brood over thinrs that will woon ass away. I thought tha.t spring haA :ome two weeks ago, and I exolaimed, j 'Hail, gentle spring." But she didn't aiH-she only sleeted-and they say hat old winter is -lingering i'n her lap -the old rascal. He ough t to be asham- ~ d of himself. My best relief and com ort is to play with the granchildren. )ur little girl of 5 has had her little eelings hurt, and is very Indignant at a what her Cousin Will said. She told me hout it: "Grandpa, I told Cousin Will -at when hegotto be acan andlIgot o be a young lady, he must m.arry me. tnd what do you think he said?" "I on't know. What did he say?" "Why, e said he would see about it. Wasn't C ~hat mean? He ought to be glad to C narry me. If he don't mind. I will mar- C -y my Cousin Ralph: and then I reckon te won't see about It. He's mean ain't a le, grandpa?" Another little chap was I aying his prayers the otDher night and i >rayed for God to bless grandpa and ~randma and Aunt Mary and Cousin ohn and several others, and then hie1 aid: "That's all, Lord. Ain't that all. apa?" "No, youi glIdn't pray for your )o.min Jenn." "NCa papa I won't pray ,or her, she's mean; I wish Go J wou -l ;end a cow to butt her over." All of our i-ttle ones are going to school now, and eel their consequence. I'm taking more nterest in our public school than I ever lid. Our 12-year-old, who lives with us. s absorbed in her studies, and loves ier books and her teacher, and is proud when she gets marked perfect or away ip in the nineties. Of course I help her vith her sums every night, for e f them are very hard, and sort,r strain ny old mind. There are fifty-three pu 1ils in her grade (the sixth), and yes ,erday forty-six of them had the ,ums lone correctly. and when the teacher isked those who had no help to hold heir hands up not a hand was held un. hey all had help. That makes forty ;even teachers for one grade and I am pleased to be one of them. I wish that the school teachers of these children :ould realize how much Influence they have over their pupils. The teacher can sake the school life of .pupil pleasant yr miserable, and I am glad to beli"v3 that our teachers are kind and consci entious. I have several grandchildren there, and I take note of their progress lhe days of old Isham are past. The :d man was a stern and rigid discip Linarian. He wore slippers in the school room, and sometimes would slip up be iind a boy who was making horses or oas on his slate and would auddenly rash the boy's face down on the slate tnd rub the pictures out with his nose. He used to have fights with the big 5oys, and loved to maul obedience into their rebellious souls. And there was Beman and Judge Warner and my 'ather and William H. Seward, -1 rankees, who had to subdue the >oys by hard fighting, and if a + ar couldn't whip a boy and subd' n ie was turned off as inoomper.: :Mly )pinion is that I got most t .uch whipping when I was a sch ay. I still remember how John Nor n whip >ed me on a boil and bursted it, and I an home yelling and my mother cried Ls she doctored it up and my father nade me go back. But John Norton was a good teacher, and he had a hard .ime with Jim Wilson and Jim Craig tnd Jim Wardlaw and my brother Jim md Jim Alexander, the doctor who lied last fall in Atlanta, and several >ther Jims. I never knew a bsy na.med ohn who wasn't develish at school. 7erily -there is something in a name. nd now Jim Smith is going to run fur governor. Better not tell a lie on him; ie would jump over forty desks to whip t man-Bill Arp in Atlanta Constitu ion. Goes Through a Bridge. Griffin, Ga., Special.-A Southbound >assenger thain on the Columbia >ranch of the Southern Railway, went hrough a trestle into a creek at mid tight, near Zetella, Ga. The following vere killed: A. F. Matthews, engi ieer Columbus, Ga.; I. L. Hill, bag ;ageman, Colummus, Ga.; Leo. G. urray, mail clerk, Atlanta; Isaac VcDowell, fireman, Columbus, Ga. 3everal passengers were injured but ione fatally. The structure had been weakened by the heavy rains and ,hree bents of the bridge gave. way. he rain was running cautiously and was ot making over eight miles an our The first class coach was the ut. . 7BrIdge Swept Away. Atanta, Special-The Seaboard Air ~ine' bridge over the Savannah -iver. t Calhoun Falls, Ga., was car-f ied ,ay Friday night by the high vatcj The Atlanta and West Poin >o a train into Atlanta from1 don. miery at 11 o'clock at night verits own tracks. This road, how ver, is sending its Montgomery rains over the Southern, by way of 3irmingha.l Houses Fall Into Flood. Macon, Ga., Special.-The Ocmnul :ee river is as high as the record and here has been much destruction of roperty. Half a dozen houses near he stream have been swept into the ood. Six lives were saved with great ificulty. The City Park Is i-un ated. The Macon, Dublin and Sa annah bridge is in danger. Trains n the Georgia Southern and Florida ave had to proceed over tracks coy red with water and the Southern rains are unable to use their own racks south of Macon. Pottery Plant Burned. Zanesville, 0., Specal.-The large lant of the J. B. Owens Pottery ~ompan.y was destroyed by fire Sun *ay, causing a loss of $300,000 with asurance about one-half. Many valu ,ble designs, the accumulation of 'ears, were destroyed. Four hundred mployes are out of work. The works nil be rebuilt at once. News in Paragraphs. Lord Kitchener reports that over 00 Boers have been "'killed or cap ured" In fighting over an extensive ,rea in the Orange S'tate. The Boers a the recent fight near Klerksdorp, aptured 467 and wounded about 104, rith the death list still to come. Former Secretary of the Treasury lyman J. Gage has accepted the residency,. of the United States 'rust Company, of New York. Spanish miners are in a ferment nd a general strike Is ncew threat ned. - - Shareholders of the Panama canel, t a meeting in Paris, voted to post one action in regard to a sale. The convention of the student vol nteer movement was continued at 'oronto, Ont. Between 60 and 70 miners were aught in a snowslide near Telluride, 'o1., and 8 bodies have been recov M. Zinovieff, Russian Ambassador t Constantinople, has reminded the porte of its responsibility for the a.fety of the Christians In Albania. There is a perverse impression that he weather bureau hits it oftener t predicts bad weather than when it ret a chang-e for the better. IN CONGRESS. Detailed Doings of Our National Law mkers. HOUSE. Fifty-secon'd Day-The House passed the diplomat:c and consular apropria tion bill. It was the fifth of the reg ular annual supply measures to be sent to the Senate at this session. No amendments of importance were adopted. The feature cf the day was the speech o:' Mr. Richardson. of Ala bama. in ceply to Mr. Corliss' speech a few days ago in favor of the con struction of a Pacific cable by the gov ernment. The question of reforming the consular service was debated at some length, but no amendments upon that subject were offered. Mr. Richardson protested against Mr. Corliss' course in delivering what he termed his "well-prepared and widely-disseminated speeches" before the subject had come before the House for consideration and said it looked like an effort to forestall the judgment of the House. He warned the mem bers of the House not to decide the question until the facts on both sides had been regularly and finally presen ted. Representative Champ Clark, of Mis souri, made a characteristic speech, urging that instead of criticising the present consular system, definite plans for bettering the system should be presented. For himself, he did not fa vor the so-called merit system. When the Republic,.is carried the election he believed they had a right to the offices; when the Democrats carried the elec tion he believed they had a right to the offices. Mr. Clark caused much laughter by referring to the Democra tic success in the election of Mr. Cleve land as "the greatest calamity that has befallen the human race since the fall of Adam." Mr. Dinsmore made a strong speech against permanent consular service. The House then adjourned. Fifty-Third Day-The House sent the Philippine tariff bill to confer ence, non-concurring in the Senate amendments. The Democrats sought to adopt the amendments by reducing the rates of duty and declaring the United States should relinquish all claim to the archipelago, but all prop, ositions were defeated. SENATE. Fifty-second Day-Quite unexpected ly the Senate adjourned within 15 min utes after It convened. An hour before the body convened the galleries began to fill with spectators, all expecting a sequel to the great debate of yesterday, on the right of the Senators from South Carolina to cast their votes while under the ban of contempt of the Senate. Several Democratic Senators had books upon their desks and it was ev* dent that they Fere preparing to con tinue the conteof Monday. This was made the more evident immediately af ter the Senate convened. When the clerk began the reading of the journal of Monday's proceedings, the usual re guest that the readilg be suspended was made by Mr. Stewart, R pblican, of Nevada. "I object," interjected Mr. Turner, pemocrat ,of Wasnton, and Mr. Du bois, of Idaho, in unison, and the reid Ing was continued. At its conclusion the announcement was made to the Senate of the death of Mr. Crumpack er, of Michigan. Resolutions were pre seated of sorrow of the Senate at the announcement. These were adopted, and then the Senate, as an additional nark of respect, adjourned. The Democratic Senators were evi ently surprised but offered no objec tions. Fifty-Third Day~-Again the gal eries of the Senate were filled with spectators. All were anticipating a re pening of the discussion of the con roversy respecting the right of Sen tors McLaurin and Tillman, of South Carolina, to participate in the pro. eedings of the body while under the ban of contempt. Immediately after he chap.lain had pronounced the in rociion Mr. Foraker, of Ohio, was ecognized. He said that on account f the McKinley memorial exercises. which were to be held in the hall of he House of Representatives at or about 12 o'clock Thursday, he moved hat when the Senate adjourn It be mtll 11:45 a. m. The motion was agreed to. NEWSY CLEANINGS. China Is sending many students to Japan, 274 being there now. The United States imports annnually from $10,000,000 to $12,000,000 worth of tea. The American c:garette "inlvasionl" of the Br,itish market is only of very small dimensions. The population of Canada increased ten and one-half per cent. in the decade from 1891 to 1901. The Columbus (Ohio) School Board has ordered that dancing be tabooed at all social functions of the High School pupils. The Populists of Kansas have de ided that there would be no affiliation between the Populists and Democrats in Kansas this year. The year 1901 was far from a pros perous one for the tdnning Industry of Germany. Too much credit has. re suted in many failures. The Royal Colleges of Surgeons and Physicians of Great Britain have un ertaken a joint investigation into the auses and prevention of cancer. Foreign trade of the United States is at the rate of $30 per head. That of Canada is $70 per head, and in pro ;ortion to population it leads the world. The average salaries of school teach ers in Maryland is less than $273 a year, and the Teachers' Assoc'atio:z is to petition the Legislature for an in rease. Notwithstanding the fact that 150, 00 freight cars were built in this coun try last year, the railroads lost more than $30,000,000 because of the scarcity of such equipment. The 'Chinese are preparing to fight the re-enactment of the Ceary Exclu sion law. A proclamation has been is-I sued by the Chinese Six Companies re uiring every Chinaman in the United States to contribute at once the sum of $1 to be uscd in the effort to de rc.ne ec.lenion. ock Why railroads Hel,. K ERY few months reports are published concerning exhi bitions of road building ma chinery or mass meetings to discuss road construction, held under the supervision of railway companies. It is of no small interest to examine into the reasons which have led one railroad to appoint a permanent good roads agent, another to transport over its lines a trainload of machinery with which object lessons in ecc:omi cal road building are given at various towns, ,and many companies to offer special rates for transportation of plant for highway improvement. Pre sumably these corporations are not doing this solely for philanthropic 1. motives, but because they recognize that the high cost of transportation over poor roads diminishes the farm er's ability to market all but the most valuable part of his produce and his power of purchasing return freight; f or, in other words, good roads are a necessity to wealthy farmers, and without wealthy farmers, and many of them, the railway revenues on local business are small. The census returns for the State of New York show that the decrease in population in the last decade was 22't1 In Wyoming, Livingston and Allegany counties. The special train which took the New York members of the American Society of Civil Engineers to the recent convention at .yiagara Falls passed through parts of these counties, and some of the members remarked on the fact that in spite of manifest advantages of soil and climate farming is gradually decreas ing, and lands formerly under culti vation are now going back to brush and weeds. The reason for this may be complex, but one of the most in fluential is surely the defective roads, which not only put an additional bur den on the cost of teaming, but also isolate each farm and increase the difficulty of social intercourse. This latter influence is much greater than is usually recognized, for men, women and children are .gregarious animals, and the hermit and recluse are rare. Moreover, the lack of good roads is depriYing these counties of a - very considerable revenue from tourists and pleasure seekers. Their scenery is beautiful, their climate attractive, but their highways keep out the. vis itor. Switzerland learned this lessga. long ago, and has built up an enor mous income from tourists by good roads and good hotels. Western New York has, of course, no Chamounir,. Zermatt or Interlaken, but 4Uha-more picturesque scenery than that, to be found along the Oberlap and Albtila passes from Andermatt to San Moritz Hosts of tourists take the lat:cr tedious two day journey who vT. .d ever think of it If a magnificent hi-;h way did,not-mnake the long dilige::ee ride as comfortable as the smoothest roadway and the easiest of stages permd Throughout this entire dis tance, moreover, there is rarely a farm in sight, the hamlets are very small and there are only a few villages. It is self-evident that without the high road and its well-kept branches the country would be deserted. If a simi lar road extended through the three retrograding New York counties, wvith less expensive but nevertheless good branches to the neighboring villages, It. is safe to say that the Income from travelers and summer visitors alone would soon pay the cost of main tenance and reconstruction, to say nothing of the Increased wealth of the farmers through cheaper transpor:a ton.-Engineering Record. Macadam Machines. The construction of macadam roads on a large scale has naturally im parted a great impetus to the develop ment of rock crushing apparatus. The first steel rock crusher was buit ten years ago and a gradual improvement - has since gone hand In hand with an Increase of capacity. The most mod ern plants not only crush the stone but elevate it and separate It into sizes. The stcne crushers weigh from two to eight tons each, require for their operation engines of from twelve to twenty-five horse power and give a product of from eight to thirty tons of crushed stone per hour. For separating the crushed stone Into dif ferent sizes road makers usually use a portable storage bin which weighs 2500 pounds and . has three compart ments, each of tWhich will hold four tons of stone, and whicn are provided with discharging chutes on either side so that wagons can load from both sides If necessary. For separating the crushed material into various sizes screens of different types are avail able. One of the most interesting forms of this apparatus is the revolv ing screen, which revolves on either a shaft or on rollers and into which the stone passes. Some of these screens are fifty-six inches in diamter, and Inasmuch as each screen is puched with hoies of two different sizes, three different sizes of product arc obtained, one size passing through the one-inch holes, a second size pass ing through the two-inch holes, and the largest size pasisug out at the end of the screen.I A Spring 3000 Years Old. In Zante, one of the Ionian Islands, there is a petroleum spring which has been known for nearly 3000 years. It - is mentioned by HeroL..tus. . "i California's oarley crop harvested in 101 armounted to 5'0 000 tons,