Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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TH E PARK PROJECT& National Gec!ogical Survey Approves Appalachian Park. A GREAT MOUTAIN PLAYGU13 Many Attractions of 1luntain Scen ery and Waterfall Add to Beauty of the Reservation. In the Series of Water Supply and Irrigation Papers, the United States Geological Survey, Mr. F. H. Newell, Hydrographer in Charge, ias now in press Nos. 62 and 63, being parts I and II of the "Hydrography of the South ern Appalach'an Mcuntain Region," by Mr. H. A. Pressey. This great moun tain system stretches from Maine southwesterly for nearly 1300 mile3, terminating in northern Alabama. From the Potomac sou:h the ranges are higher and broader than in Penn sylvania. They spread out into the Blue Ridge, the Shenandoah, the Alle gbany, and the Greenbriar mountains, , extending, with broad a:2d fertile val leys between, in nearly parallel lines through Virginia and West Virginia in to North Carolina and Tennessee, and calminating in the Iron and the Great Smoky ranges, the great mountain re gion of the southeastern States. In this mounta' mass M Feaks equal or exceed a height of 6,000 feet; 25 peaks are higher than Mount Washington; and 288 peaks are over 5,4)00 feet. From North Carolina and Tennessee the ranges, leaving spurs in South Caro lina, turn more westward through Georgia and Alabama, r.nd sink into the hiils of the Gulf Watershed. This great mountain system forms the back bone and watershed of the eastern part of the United States. the greatest masses and the- highest peaks are in western North Carolin. and eastern Tennesse, which region may be consid ered a high plateau, bou-aded west by the Smoky Mountains an i east by the Blue Ridge. These ranges, almost touching on the north, part company, and then almost come tcgether again in the south, thus enclosing this pla teau which has a maximum width of 55 miles and an area of about 6,000 square miles. The region Is well watered. The -*"main divide of ..e river system Is the -Blue Ridge. - The States of Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee. and West Virginia are par tially watered by rivers rising 1n1 __mountains, near the North Carolina and Tennessee State line. On'p thei't eipal tributaries o l~ho and one of the largest-.eeders of the Mississippi h fjshe same mounta ins, and the ~~-region may justly be termed one of the chief watersh.eds of the United States. Grandfather Mountain, at the junction of Watauga, Mitchell, and Caldwell *--counties in North Carolina, probably the most massive of the Southern Ap palachians, may be taken as3 the center of this watershed. Thence the waters pour north, east, south and west. From the many springs on the southern slope of Grandfather Mountain flow some of the headwaters of the Cataw -ba; which, rising in the Black Moun tains and descending in leaps of frolh 5 to 100 feet to the Piedmont Plain, crosses into South Carolina and, as the Wateree, passes on to the AtlantIC. Flowing from this region, besides the Catawba, into the Atlantic are the Yadhin, Broad, Saluda, Chattanooga, Tugaloo, and Oconee; into the Gulf are 'the Chattahoochee and the Coosa; in to the Mississippi are New River and the Tennessee. From the western slopes of the Blue Ridge flow the head waters of the great Tennessee River system, as do its larger tributaries, the Holston, the Nolachucky, and the French Broad. - The Ecenery of the southern Appala chian region is the grandest in the eastern States. The mean annua1 temp perature varies from nearly 60 degrees F. at SalIsbury (650 f'et), east of the mountains, to 49 degrees F. at Linn ville (3,800 feet), the latter being the mean annual temperature of Boston or Chicago. The annual rainfall is copi ous, especially on the eastern slopes of the mountains. At Highlands, in Maco-. county, the annual normal precipita tion is about 72 inches; at Asheville it - Is about 42 inches. .h noasta h~ave been made on the forest that once covered nearly the whole of -these mountains, nowhere in the United State. is there an equal area of land eovered with so great a variety of val table timber. The walnuts, tulipe ,(poplars), and oaks grow tc almost in credible sizes. White pine occurs in large tracts. -L,umbering on a large seale has been carried on for only a few years. but is very destructive. Some of the companies saw anything that will makte a plank. In the case of the bark gatherers, the wastefulness Is even more deplorable and ruinous. This section Is comparatively free from for,A fires. A number of rail roads run into this region; but the transportation facilities and the high ways are very poor. Splash dams are much used in sending timber down stream. The soIl is generally deep and fairly fertile even to the mountain tops: but It washes easily when expos ed. The entire region is well'ada,pted to stock raising; some iron ore occurs In large quantities jaa number of counties: copper, 'mica, cor ndum, gold, and other minerals ha'. a bee'i mined to some extent. Many varieties pof shrubs and flowering plants abound. and the region should prove a Mecca to botanists. The drainage basins, discharge meas urements, and water powers of the var - bus rivers and their tributaries, are described at length by Mr. Pressey; and much inforraation.of great value -to millers, sawmill men, ltmbermen, miners, cattlemen, farmers, a.nd travel " Mr. Prcssey insists upon the impor tancp of the forest to the pc-eservation o f:he soil of thi. region, and notes with satisfa ticn that the heavy forest grow:h on Grandfather Mountain is not to be d stroyed. In c.dr that the springs which give rise to so many streams on Grandfather Muuntain may not be disturbed, 1,40) acres have been set aside as a public park. under five commis ?ers, one of whom is the Commis ic'r of As:iculture of North Carolina, and another the State Geolo gist. Prof. J. A. Holmes. with whose active ass;stance the stirvcys and ex amination: described by Mr. Pressey were made. The study is illustrated by forty four plates. WAR TAX REPEALED. 1Measure Pa, ..s the House Without Opposition. HOUSE. Forty-sixth Day-The unexpected happiness in the House when the bill to repeal the war revenue taxes was passed unanimously without a word of debate. This action was the outcome of a challenge thrown down by Mr. Richardson, of Tenn?ssee, the minori ty leader. aftr the adoption by a strict party vote of a special order for the consideration of the bill which permit ted debate upon it until 4 o'clock Tues (lay afternoon. but cut off all opportu nity to offer amendments except such as had been agreed upon by the ways and means committee. The adoption of the rule had been preceded by a stcrmy debate, in the course of which the Dem ocrats protcst against the application cf the "gag." which Mr. Hay, of Vir ginia. charged was meant to prevent a free expression, not only by the Dem ocrats 'but by some of the Republicans. attenion being especially directed to ward Mr. Babcock, of Wisconsin. the father of the bill, to emend the steel schedule of the present tariff law. WThea the rule was adopted by a rcts of 158 to 120. Mr. Richardson, empha (zed the fact that debate on the bill could accomplish nothing and that de liberation upon it would be fruitless. asked unanimous consent that the bill be placed upon its passage. Not an oh jection was voiced and the vote was taken forthwith. Every vote was cast in the affirmative. Forty-seventh Day-The House was in session less than an hour, and little public business was transacted. It ad journed at 4:35 p. m. Forty-ninth Day-The House spent the day working on the Indian appro pr!atlon bill. Forty-two of the 62 pages were disposed of. Several amend ments are adopted, none, however, of much moment. The appropriation for preliminary work on the reservoir for the Gila river valley went out on a point of order. SENATE. Forty-sixth Day-After an extended debate the Senate passed the bill estal asi Office. The discussion related principally to the collection and publication by the Directors of the Census of statistics respecting the production of cotton. Mr. Allison vigorously opposed the pro vision, but it was inserted in the bill. Several other bills of importance on the calendar were passed, among them one extending the .charters of nat'onal banks. While consider'ation was resumed of the permanent census bill the pending amendment was offered by Mr. Till man, providing that the Directors of the Census should issue monthly bul letins from October 1 each year until and including March 1, on the produc tion of cotton as reported by the gin ners. Mr. Allison opposed the amend ment. principally because information concerning the cotton crop now was furnished by the Secretary of Agricul ture. He described in detail the meth ods pursued by the Agricultural De partment In obtainIng information con cerning the production of cotton. Forty-seventh Day-It was agreed by the Senate that a final vote upon the Philippine tariff bill and the pending amendments should be taken up next Monday afternoon at 4 o'clock. The agreement was reached a few minutes after the Senate convened today. The only stipulation made by the minority was that the last day should be devot ed to speeches not exceeding 15 nin utes. Two speeches were delivered to day. one by Senator Wellington, ot Maryland. In opposition to the pending hill and the other by Senator Stewart, of Colorado, In support of the measurt. Mr. Wellington's address covered the Philippine question generally and he set forth his well-k aown views force fully. Mr. Stewart spoke briefly making a legal and constitutional argument in support of the authority of Congress to hold the Philippines and to provide a proper government for their Inhabi tants. Forty-ninth Day-With the excep tion of a few mi.nutes given to routine business, the Sen.ate devoted its entire session to the Philippine question. Mr. Patterson. of Colc'.ado, one of the minority members of the Philippine committee, delivered hi.e first extended set speech in the Senate. and was giv en a most attractive and careful hear Ing. He discussed principally the sedi tien laws enacted by the Philippine commission, vi--rously attacking the authority of the commission to enact and enforce such laws. He maintained: that Congress alone had the power in force enactments of that character. Arrival of Prince Henry. New York, Special.-Prince Henry of Prussia, representative of his brother, the Emperor of Germany, at the launching of the latter's Amern canbuilt yacht, reached New Yorli Sunday and was cordially welcomed as a guest of the nation. The land batteries that guard the outer harboi fired salutes of 21 guns; the .rifles of a special naval squadron assembled in his honor re-echoed the sentiment; there were verbal greetings from the representatives of President Roose elt. the army, the navy and the city. of New York, and a great crowd lined the way In the city to see the. German sailors and the Prince e Ger many. IMISS STONE IS FREE Hier Ransom Paid to The BrigandsI Who Abducted Her SIH. WITiH CO.1PA\ION, ELEA E) The American Missionary Was Cap tured Last September a-d Held For Larg. Ransom. Paris, By Cab!e.-The Temps Tues day even: ; publishes a dispatch from Constantinople, which announces that Miss Ellen M. Stone has been released by the brigands, who have held her captive since September 3 last, and has been handed over in good health to the dragomen of the American lega tion. The dispatch adds that the "Rev. Tsilka" has L:en arrested on the charge of complicity in the kidnapping of Miss Stone. The companion in captivity with Miss Stone was Mme. Tsilka, a teacher of Samakov. Miss Stone, while travel ing with Madame Tsilka and a party of about 15 friends, was captured by brigands in the district of Salonica September 3. Since that time vigorous efforts have been made by the United States government and by missionaries to obtain the release of the captives. The brigands demanded a ransom of ?25,000 (Turkish), but only $72,500 was collected for the ransom and this sum was paid over to the brigands by the chief dragonmaster of the American le gation at Constantinople, and W. W. Peet, treasurer of the American mis sion at Constantinople, who met the brigands on the road to the Podrome Monastery. Madame Tsilka was educated at the Northfield Seminary. At the time of receiving her American training and education she was Miss Stephanora, a Bulgaria. Having been coverted in childhood to the Christian belief, she came to America after having refused to marry a man of her parents' choos ing. Mr. Dwight L. Moody becoming interested in her welfare, found a place for her in his noted school. Having finished her training at that institution she became a trained nurse. While en gaged in her professional duties, she became acquainted with Mr. Tsilka, a Macedonian, who had also been edt cated in the United States. At that period he was preparing for work as a medical missionary. Soon after the completion of their training the couple were married and went to Bulgaria, wherer.eygt once entered upon mis. sjanry worl Miss Stone i . of the American board of foreign m1 sions. She has been attached to the Salonica mission since 1878. She was born in Roxbury, Mass., and her hiome is in Chelsea, Mass., where her mother resides. Four of Miss Stone's brothero are in business in Bodon. Brief Mention. Brewery workers in Cincinnati, 0., are expected to strike Saturday. Nearly all the small savings banks in Cleveland, 0., intend to combine. Rear Admiral and Mrs. Schiley go to New York for several days. Sixteen inches of snow cover Char lotte. N. C., and the storm still con tinues. A life sentence has been imposed upon John Cox at Guthrie, 0. T., for the murder of five men. The Japanese Minister, Kogoro Takahira, and wife are at Charleston, S. C., to see the Exposition. The Continental Lim!td on the West Shore road cut a freight in two at Buffalo, N. Y. Captain Richard P. Hobson spoke in New Britain. Conn., at a memorial service for the Maine's dead. Railroad shops of the Baltimore & Ohio at Washington. Ind., are to be re opened this week, after a strike in which the men lost. The Machias injured. Penscola, Fla., Special.-The United States gun-boat Machias sailed eTues day afternoon for Havana to join the North Atlantic squadron. In approach ing the coal docks at the navy yat'd yes terday afternoon the Machias ws, caught by a swell and driven with such violence against the docks t.hat one cf her plates was loosened and sly sprung a leak, but this proved not as serious as at first thought and the ngre was quickly repaired, enabling hgr to sail as soon as she filed her bunkers with coal. A Demurrer Pihled Savannah, Ga., Special.-, the case of Greene and the Gaynorf*before the United States District C69tt, the de fendants filed a demurre? the indict ment, alleging its ins ~.cy and il legality. The demurrer~ a general denial and three spec us. Argu ments were begun on th ~murrer by defendants' counsel an~ be contin ued tomorrow. Meeting of Iq en. Tampa, Fla., Specfal early 100 ice manufacturersafrom South, mem bers of the Souther, xchange, met in annual convetion~ the Tampa Bay Hotel here. GF'oeir entertain ment a steamer excadon to the Mana tee river has been aned for to morrow night w1til . Codington as toast-master .ei~as and their families will 14 UIa via the P. & 0. Ine for 1~a41a LEADS AT EXPOSITION. South Carolina's Splendid Exhib ts, at Ch-trIeston's Bi'g 0S . It is quite safe to say, that no State has ever made a be:ter showing at an xposition, than South Carolina does In Charl:stoin. Th: Agricultural Palace one of the - ;t cillcs of the Ccurt of Pala.-es. was built with a State ap propriatiun and its cenzents are from the Paleto State, one and all. Fcon fossil bones that may have b:2en the property of some cf the Ark's voyag curs, to the delicate needle work, from the little fingers of Winthrop's charges. it is all South Carolina. There are in dividual county exhibits from Berike liy, Chester, Darlington, Dorchester, Florence, Georgetown, Gceenwood, lorry, Orangeburg, Pickens, Spartan burg and Sumter; Clemson College, the Winthrop Normal and Industrial School, South Carolina College, the Public Schools of South Carolina, the Deaf and Blind Instute and the Hospi tal for the Insane, all make beautiful, complete, Interesting and instructive exhibits. The displays of Mullins To bacco, Harbin Hosicry Mill and of C. A. Scanlan fossil remains, attract a great deal of attention. It is exceedingly gratifying to the State pride of any Carolinian to stroll through this great building and to see on every side the evidences of the skill and industry.of his fellow citizens. Superintendent Love has done his work well and thoroughly, and all through may be seen the indubitable evidences of woman's skill and taste. In this one house is a day's work for the careful sightseer, and when he finally passes out of the great end doors ha will be a wiss man, with a mental horizon widened, a patriotism strengthened. Big Banks Combine. Chicago, Special.-The Corn Ex change Bank announced unofficially the absorption of the Merchants' Na tional Bank. The report came as a great surpri,e to financiers in the city, who had no idea that the general pro gress of bank amalgamation would ef feet these prominent institutions. The Corn Exchange Is capitalized at $2,000, 000 with a surplus of $1,000,000 and $500,000 undivided profits. The Mer ehants' National has a capital of $1, 000,000. The consolidation will ha'e a capital of $3,000,000, a surplus of $2, 000,000, and undivided profits of $250, 000. The combination of these two banks will give the conso'lated insti tutin a:out $51,000,000 deposits. Investigation Ordered. Washington, Special.-The Republi can' members of the House of R re sen tives hel Athird caucus .day nig . 1 ,stl -of n ance not erous 'a at forme gatherings, S lier Henderson being in attend t and onTy 86 out of a total 199 Re ublcans being present. ThId was short,,of a quorum. but the meeting pro eeedeh with speedy and definite results, a resolution being adopted asking the House committee on rules to report a resolut{on fce a special investigation committce of eleven members to con sider questions relating to the disfran chisement of voters. Wireless Telegraphy Succ:ess. London. By Cable.-The officials at Marconi's office in London say the Liz ard station was in communication with the Kron Prinz Wilhelm. with Prince Henry of Prussia on board, up to 9 a. mn., Monday, when the steamer was about 140J miles west of the Lizard. A powerful Marconi station at Mullian, ,Cornwall, was continuing to'a dispatch wireless trlegrams towards the Kron Prinz Wilhelm, but the limit of the dis tance covered will not he known until the steamer's arrival on the other side of the AtlantIc, as she was not equip red with an apparatus powerful enough to enable her to reply. War Against Weevil. Washington, Special.--Representa tive Burleson, of Texas, stated to the House committee on agriculture Friday that 240,000 bales of Texas cotton, val ued at $10,000,000, were destroyed last year by the Mexican weevil. The com mittee inserted $10.000,000 in the agri cultural appropriation bill to be Imme diately available to eradicate the pest. ~Strikers Prevent Sale of Food. Madrid, By Cable.-The strike move ment- threatens to Involve the whole of the prco7ince of Catalonia. The strict censorship maintained makes It diffi cult to get accurate news of the occur rences. One of the chief aims of the strikers at Barcelona seems to be to prevent the sale of food. The slauzh ter houses are filed with meat which the stikers prevent from being deliver ed to the shops. Similar conditions exir~ in the other food markets with the result that prices are rising and a famine is feared. It is believed the strikers have secreted stores of provis ions. Dentists in Atlanta. Atlanta, Special.-The Southern branch of the Natonal Dental Assoc!a tion met here In annual convention. The attendance Is large. During the day a number of pap 1rs of Interest to the profession were read and the pres ident's address was listened to. Officers will be el'cted Friday. Young Men Convicted. Bristol, Tenn., Special. - Thirteen the murder of Jack Osborne inRussell county, Virginia, last Christmas end sentenced - to imprisonment. King, brothers, were sentenced to ten years ech; Charles and Ban Ball, brothers, 18 years each; Walter and Joseph Hess brothers, 16 years each; James, Green and Thomas Ball, brothers, five years each; James Puckett, five years; John henr Hess, a brother of Walter and roepn Hess, ne yea LIVE iTEMS OF NEWSI' lany h--tte:s of G?ner-f interest In Short Paragrsphs. The Sunny Souii. Scuthern c::tes will r.a':e a great cotton dis_iay at St. Lous in 150v. Miss 11len Gould and her party have reacl:e.I Atlanta, G.., on their Som:hcrn trip. The Cincinnati T1uilding at the Charleston Exposition was dedicated last week. River' c:t.oa wareho;:se, cintaining 1,400 hales o' c tt^n al . - inters, burned Fr:da. I,:ss. $7C.000. A barge :-::twean New Orlcans. La., and Tu.seaioosa, Ala., oapitalized at $1.000.100 will be started soon to carry coal. The Mcth dist book committee ap pointed a commission to locate and ar range for the coming Genc.'al Confer ence.. Rev. J. F. Wilson, of South Ca rolina, was made a member. The grand jury in the Superior court have returned true bills against Henry and Joe Lowrance, who are chrrged with the murder of Alexander Gibson, near Huntersville, N. C., a month ago. Judge Advocate and Mrs. Samuel C. Lemly of Washington, will spend Eas ter in Salem, the native home of Judge Advocate Lemly. Secretary Long of the navy department will accompany him. In the Virginia constitutional con vention Chairman Braxton completed his speech in support of the committee on corporations and the convention be gan consideration of the report by sec tions. Many amendments were offered but all were defeated. A Pensacola, Fla., dispatch says: "The schooner Osprey, owned by E. E. Saunders & Company, of this port, is a total wreck on a reef 10 miles off Cape San Blas. The crew of six men were picked up by the Weiskettle, of the same company and much of the property of the vessel was saved. At The North. Shot in the head while resisting ar rest, Albert Dempsey died at Detroit; icb. The Republican Gubernatorial nomi nation in Michigan Is sought by Justus B. Stearns, a millionaire lumberman. Bills establishing marine hospitals at Pittsburg, Pa., and at Savannah. Ga., were ordered favorably reported by the House committee on commerce Friday. The ple of Rignoes. N. J., are prou TDr. Cornelius W. Larison. his patients died of small the body for eto4he cemetery d Interred the remaa I'a assisted. Dr.. Larison may. have: lo lated the ethlCgot hi. pr ession, but his brave deed oii a4jd tad to his ad,antage. Engineer T. W. Lyons, of McKee's Rocks, Pa., and his fireman, P. W. De sot, were killed In ashead-end collision of freight trains on the Pittsburg, Mc Keesport & ,Youghloglieny division of the Pittsburg & Lake Erie, at Roun' Bottom Sunday night The trains camne together as a result of disabeying orders by one of the crews. September 11, 1900, was a pleasant at Charlevoix, Mich., but Governmenl storm signals were flying. The schoon er Emily B. Maxwell put out of port for Chicago. She ran Into a storm and' a deckload of lumber was swept over board. The owners of this lumber are now suing the owners of the vessel and Judge Kohlsaat will have to pass o the question whether skippers have a right to disregard storm signals. From Across The Sea. A Berlin official journal says thai the Emperor abhors Spiritualism and Christian Science. Also that propa gandists of those faiths will not be tolerated at his court. In a dispatch from Amsterdam, the Mr. Kreuger expects favoreble results from the tour of the Boer delegates In the UTnited States, Mr. Wessels they Intend to exploit the diplomatie dIsclosures. in the matter of the Span ish American war dispute. Miscellaneous Matters. The Industrial Comn"'ssion has ex pired by limitation of law. Because he insisted upon keeping the cross of grand officer of the Legion of Honor, conferred on him by President Loubet, the President of the Swiss Na tional CouncIl, Dr. M.G. Ador, has been constrained by public opinion to resign his office. So far only $1,400 has been contrib uted by North Carolina to the Jeff erson Davis memorial arch. It is estimated that the people of the United States consume 2,000,000 froge yearly. These frogs are sought for in all parts of the country, farnishing a paying industry not only for the hunt ers of them in their natural haunts, but for scores of persons who have frog farms. W. H. K. Redmond, M. P., and Jo soph Devlin, representatives to this country were given a reception by Irish Amricans of New York, a.t the Aca demy of Music. Subscriptions to the League amounting to over $5,000 were announced. The meeting was addressed by W. Bourke Cochran. Mr. Redmond. and others. About two-thIrds of the business por tion of Woodbury , Cannon county, Tenn., was burned, the loss being es timated at from $50,000 to $75,000. The fire forced the long distance telephone operators to move out and the details are meagre. The origin of the fire is unknown. It Is reported from Baku, Russian Trn-Caucasla, that thousands of~ persons were killed by the earthquakE in the Shamaka district and that the towns and villages for 20 versta aroun! Icceivina AttentIon No)w. jT! a~ramaou:lt importanfce of this(class of: inzernfal im p1:ovements begins to receive ti:e attenticn whth the bene Ilts that will flow therefrom demand In liuois and four SoutI'ern SLates. :l:ouh which the Illiaois Central Rail roadl pass that comipanly and the Natonal Goodc Roa(s Association have recntly cor.structed twenty miles of eariL',. stone and gravel roads in the presence of thousands who desired it learn the art of road building. Con ventions on rcad buiing have been held in Louisiana, minsissipp, Tennes see cnd Kentucky. The South has realized that lands, however fertile. forests however vast, and mnerals though rich and varied, have but little market value when inaccessible, and such they really are without good roads leading to and from them. The late Buffalo Exposition brought together large numbers of men whOf bad made good roads the subject of dis cussion at meetings held there, and great interest was taken and much enthusiasm aroused. It was iade known that the Federal Go.ernmenDt had established an of ice. known as an Office of Public Road Inquiries, in the Department of Agriculture, and that experts therefrom have constructedl roads in a dozen Western and South ern States as object lessons, while work was done under the observation of thousands of interested settlers. The employment of the idle on roads during periods of business depression. the utilization of prison labor, and the appropriation by special tax of a spe cific sum annually are objects worthy of the serious consideration of every farmer, wagon maker, bicycle mand fracturer and merchant in the country. Not only these classes, but every reside%t of a county is directly or indi rectly affected by the lack of good roads. Bad roads increase the cost ofe fuel, provisions and all commodities that need to be transported and de prive people of health and comforti pleasant drives over good roads pro mote. In view of the fact that all are affected by the question, none shoult neglect to assist in devising ways and means to bring about such essen tial improvements. There should a good roads club at every counun d seat, with m:embers, from eipte towa in thesinT,who~oldf their neighbors 'on .'ri t lays, and once a monttershould La a genersl meetinior comparison of views anpe fthi bution of literature on the subject.. Circulars and reports should be pro cured from the National Good Roads. Association and from the office herein. before referred to connected with the~ Department ot Agriculture at Wi'. ington, D. C. The members of Legislature and the supervisors shonId be asked, from time to time, what they have done, or are doing for good roads, and if found to be negligent, a commit tee should be appointed to spur thend on in the good work. . Self reliance, industry and vigilance on this and in all things are essential to success. By organization, education and agitation the necessary legislation can be secured, but not otherwise. - h etterment of Highways. an. nMuch credit is given by Mr. Martir Dcdge, Director of- the United Stater Office of Public Road Inquiries, to what he calls "the reflex influence of the bicycle and the automobile" for. forming the public sentiment which Is crystalizing into the betterment of highways in all parts of this ,.xuntry and Canada. Writing in the Municipal Journal and Engineer, Mr. Dodge says that ma'ny States which formerly re fused w spend- any money on road im provements are now, in response to the general demand, making generous ap propriations, and the prospects every where are encouraging to those who for years preached to deaf ears the economy of these expenditures. He also tells in detail of the admimbk missionary work done in the SoutI by meabs of the "Good Roads Train - which, carrying eight carloads of the best and most important roadmaking' machinery and a party of expert oper ators, roadmakers and engineers, has been slowly moving from town to town, giving in each a practical illus tration of the speed and cheapness with which those who know how and have the proper utensils can create highways up to modern requirements. The train was miade up in Chicago through the co-operation of the Na tional Association of Good Roads, the llinois Central Railroad and several manufacturers of road-making ma chines. It started in April, and by the middle of July e.xhibitions had been given and information imparted to large numbers of deeply interested cit Izens in New Orleans, La.; Natchez, Greensville, Granada, McComb City,. nd Jackson, Miss.; Jackson, Tenn.; Louisville, Hopkinsville and Owens borough, Kiy., and Effingham, Ill. At most of these places two miles of specimen road were made, usually in. less than two days, and the almost ki varable result of the demonstration was the formation of a local society to push forward the good work. Workmn's Iiwe:llngs in London. London owns at the present tim-~ :ompleted dwellings containing .over 1500 tenements, erected solely for the benefit of the working class. One houing scheme, the largest ever at:. tempted in London or elsewhere,. rlved the expditure of $1.410,000,