The intelligencer. (Anderson, S.C.) 1915-1917, December 29, 1915, Page PAGE SIX, Image 6
j ONCERNING a specific instance,
of tho continuous decrease of,
surfaco water from the earth/
especially in Asia and Africa,
the "dry continents," Advocate:
Eugene N. Marals, H. J. P., writes'
from Itletfonteln, Watorborg, South
Af rle-/, an astonishing article recontly
published in a report if the.Smithson*
Ian institution.
After mentioning some of tho gen*
era! facts relative to tho drying up of
the wholo earth, which, according to
the French astronomer Flammarion,
will ultimately cause tho end of tho
world, tho author cites a number of
?ppalling Instances of the increasing
diynoas of mirica. rTgami, a real lake
less than fifty years ago,, is now no
inore than a marsh thrcatenod with
speedy extinction, and Lake Rudolph
ls rapidly shrinking, which fact Ta
alarming when lt is realized that Qils
body of water feeds tho Nile and wa
ters Egypt. Mr. Marals behaves falso
tho old cjctrine regarding thc- porfect
cycle of moisture-evaporation and
precipitation; hoing equal-and thinks
?hat the earth is sucking up moisture
like a gigantic eponge*
PRIMITIVE;
Tilo jaime "Waterberfc was giver, orig!
lastly when thia country was vcr?
fertile, watered by Jakes, {streams,
springs and dotted with marshciv Ac
cording to tho writor,. its nama waa
synonymous with a Kort ?i?oths land
: of : fertility'lt ? literally overflowed
.with m?k, honey and frnlts^ It waa
>'.-also the laat atronshold' of tho.big
gamo.of the northern Transvaal. To
; day. after tho culminating drought of
t$lS, it is practically-a.deeeirt, with,
dried op water. courses and springs,
dead orange groves, some of thom ovor.
fifty yedra old, treen three centuries
' oljd.now Hfelcsa.'deBolnto pasture latida
d?v'?ld Of cattle aud other lifo. Thora
if? no Ramo, either birds or animals,
.nritt . th/> iUiidn wli">ro n? ,.ereps once
grew are "?ow, pareil ed hud dead.
No Hunnlnc Waler There.
lt ia hard to believe, but true, that
in tho^ catho district cf Watorborg..
which'ls: larger ?han tho Freo Stale,
ibero vr?? 'last-year no ruWlng.w&ter,
and in *ho tiorth of tho district there
is a, tract over 4,000 squsre milos in
extent where there ls no single drop
of' water, running cv stagnant, above
?J?h$ Bixf?ap? ?? tao ground. Thajprea\
Limpopo itself; ia dry for ail tie dl?
totu-o that its'-to'urao covers in this dlo-v
i?iat. and only by digging deep in'ita
sr.rdjr bed can drinking vs?ter. he
found. Kven after a very- heavy rain'
lu tho Neighborhood of il ita source,
which , flood6d ';"ita tributaries nt the
.tira?r Vtho'' stream reached : ?\ut a littlo
. ';w a?; down tho-^Limpopo, -and. n?i;,ofce1
drop of, th? water which foil itt tb? n^
...poj;re?rfo3is :;ireraoh?.iJ:th? .ac?; 'afloat'
An th? hiirrJngr'aa??d'?'^o^
bo'.!. Only tho fairly-numoroha thermal
Mi?f?t^^^? ;'at?lir?ct: reihum " ?naf'-i
Hiern; movements in all directions fol
low, so anlmat-llke ari to leave one in
doubt whether they aro really seeds
or insects. First each seed disentan
gles itself, thou tho sesdhead is liftM
clear of tho ground, following which
a band pf tho supporting toll turns the
torpedo head earthward, and tho nee
dle point with its bristles is thrust
into tho damp soil by a continuous
pressure of tho tall. This latter move
ment is continued until tho seed ?8
embedded in tho coll, the whole opera
tion occupying -1.6 minutes. It the soil
is only slightly dump, the seed pene*
Crates just beyond - thc .lino ' of mois
ture and remains without germinating
until enough'-<p*itt' in J.iren the ?ate
sprinting of tho futuro seedling. Thus
equipped, tho tum? grafts exists despito
the severo drought against .which Ute
sweet grass is helpless.
. All Animal Ufo Fled.
The effects of tbe drought wore so
for-rcacbijg on tho animal world that
those animals capablo of escape fled
carly from tho stricken area-matt
with bis live Stock among the first-:
and npw tho ? entire middle rela is
without btiraan Inhabitant, end ; the
-
!
' nor?? practically a d^ert Ovor v^ory
thing Hos tho silence of absolute llfiH
lessnoss.' i ii seem* as lt tito desert bad
roached out nn.arra and^takeh. unto it
self for all timo thia; great oxtebt nfl
once fertile country, whore for, four,
r.nd ? half ?/uira dally in nb .spot1: isl
tho temnerat iro lesa than 100 dogrcea l
Fahrenheit :
" .'Tho terrible heat and tho absence I
. pt ail.molature c-tusaisihguujir,eu,j6cfi;' I
tho hair, is so elcctri?ed that when I
'/atrpked ligutly "a crachiirig shower ol
r.par'ks ls evoked, and thv, finger nalia
become;BO brittle they break -conraim I
ly; both bair and nhils aoom to jhava I
.lost all power, ot growth. All collu* I
Ibid .substances, break up. amt rubber I
, beCQfUf^ji ft ?i?ftl?nc? ?triArttry. tn ra no.?'.fTltn I
?': horres*'is^shtag^ tolls crackleinca's'
'..^?t^:--'aMiA;>:stan(? out. in diaheveWu I
.bi&hoa. each individual hair as it
wired, tuul in tho night thoir flanks I
seem Hp bo eurr?undet!. -hy miniature .
, auroras; of electric ; discharges. ; .'.?' '?" I
1 .*1l3jho big game have nearly; all <$tsap>
paarcd, moat; ot th ota having, trekked
to more fertile country. Some bf th?!
remaining animals have had to change
^?lr'/aat??al'; 'habits; ? tho . u?cin'rnai
;*- 'wifr?'??r'^; torced .to 'search its food lu
broad daylight on account ot tho fat!
. that; tho ants xn the hard grou5'I>??*-.
ppt bo dug out during ^ night Wost
Ajcfurnal beasts of prey nlao hunt
(suring the day aa Weil; as by nifcht;
abnio leopards raided a nearby camp in
tho early afternoon; and tho baboons.
> usuniiy so, aiEiun- pt xno aats; seem
K&eVer to s?eepi "but walk* ?bouV.hpth
tho auWo^f/?psiiy':.;waea fti0?& -foi
. water-ip:^ four; aha"
a half foot to^ettft'the surface.' ' "ibis
^'Ppl^^^
:: aama ^.prhich ^tetjtouad near by,
$ HjfrftHvlveil ta a: ?kart ilusa*? titrai?'
>Hcatioa ot viator. , Animals, a?t '.'??il
fe??lpp^ tb.^Ig. to the water follpt?
' ':?aosevaip^^a*tu]i|?io:: anti .ase, 'their
^??m^ofmU^mp . tho wartratti
m&$t?t*& tt^-?m-W* ret?a*?
g^ijtf&a^.??^^
INDUSTRIAL POLAND
HHS ?ROUBLES
When the Shortage in Coal ie
Overcome Raw Materials
Scarce.
Lodz, Poland, Dec. 28.~When tho]
Germana first occupied Lodz per-1
mnncntly they found the industries
in a bad way because of a shortage of
coal, due to the crippling of the mineB
by dynamiting, und to the difilculty of
getting freight cars in which ebal
could bo Imported. This difilculty
was overcome, but coal no sooner ho
gan to come in titan a shortage of raw
materials again tied things up, und,
If lt contii. s. will bring every fac
tory in Lo? to a standstill not later
thar Marc' it ls estimated. If this
conuitlon of affairs comes it ls feared
that tho present very great need wlli
increase, and that thousands will faco
actual starvation.
Lodz in the past bas been a large
importer of cotton, both from Ameri
ca and from Turkestan. Neither mar
ket ls nov/ open to thom.. The little
that remains from Old supplies ls be
ing doled out in quantities sufficient
to allow a few of the niiUs to. operate
throo days a week. About 40 per cont
of the full quota ot laborers in the
textile mills now work i 30 hours a
week..
In addition to'the' food, and: fuel
Shortage that exists today everywhere
In Poland,. Lodz waa particularly
handicapped from the very start hy a j
shortage, of cuan.- The.Russians had
token every rouble they' could lay,
their hands,on,-and such factories as
woro.'running could pay off tb sin
bauds; only with difficulty. . .
? Tho City accordingly was necesBl-l
tated tb issue paper currency in 20
and 50 kopeks, and one and five !
rouble noteB. A total of ?2,000,000
roubles was put out. Of this aura, ;
1,650,090 roubles were issued on the j
strength of the promised loan of 8,-.
000,000 roubles from the Russian .gov
ernment. This. sum had boen prom
ised before tho German occupation to
help Lodz hear the expenses of the
war, but only 350,000 roubles had
beeu paid. . .
The balance of the Issue was guar
anteed by industrial firms and. mer*
ohants,, who were rt?quired to' back
the .paper with securities and credit
in twice the sum ot 'tho Issue. Thhr
paper flows hack! and forth and tem
porarily, .supplies the needs qt tho
population, but will be taken up gradV
h?liy by the notes of tho proposed
national hank which is;io be .estoh-.
Iishcd for air Poland al)out the first
of Jnuuary.
Lodz's, debt gradually piled up be
cause with tho withdrawal of- the
Russians all, taxation .ceased. The
.Ocnh?hs. found it out ot the question
to Impose Jtaxos for the simple .reason
tha.t. tho people had no money with,
'.Vilich to pay,thorn. ' In place of col
lecting taxes. In "fact; the Germaps
hayo had to pay out some 3.000.000^
ip arks to tho wives of reservists and
pensioners, whoso incomes, from thc
Russian government hilve.' stopped,
and. in' addition aro .feeding between
100,000 and 150.000 of tho population:
A force of 900 . Germaji-speakin?
Polish policemen has been appointed
to tako tho placea of those who fled
with the Russians. The old force
consisted,' on paper and tho payrolls,'
of 400 mon, in actuality of only 300,
?.hardly ono of whom. remained on Den
?cemher 6, 1914.
i . Untjl Fobruary.'of thia year tho ad
'ministration of Lodz was purely mili
tary. Hindenhurg at that time order
ed.the croatloh of a city, government
after the German model, wit!? a mayor,
landV? .city council. This lutter body,
which at the start b'I to he appoint
ed, eventually W.T. he elected from
tho Poliah, German-and. Jewish poptt
latlon,- t There, ar? at '. presoht Boh?o,
C)50iCOO.pcr?r>H"? 'ivins in Loda and tts
fc?h?rbs. j\n?ox? Jio .*hfrd are -Jf?wey
l?.O^OOj Germana and tho balance
Poliah. ..;'
. . Tho. industrial cr?ala. ha3 been help
ed by tho emigration hf some "30,000.
Loris .workers , tb''., Get 1 nany, .. where
j workhigV-^hdlbbn's' are more favor?'
I able, than! oVe-r* before In history.
; Thirty th<m?a?\d, / however, aro little
bettor than,? .drop.Ianthe;hucket:lr d
cit}'whoro not only men hut ; wemen,
bed children have, always been work-'
ero." .. -'- .. ..'''.-.;.'..-. -".'-/'
, ; Thh government han installed *>otlt
rt. coat and a meat roonoply, for ide
j purpose hot only, of regulating the
distribution of the avallante supply
bht also'..; to stop, tko pernicious ac
tivity of speculators. Tho police
pf??ld?dt - of Lodz, von Oppen, has
nhargo of the Z?trilniiisa of coal to
wholesalers', and- factories, while the
hivlljiaaglatfate ;ot Lodz watches over
Oie 'distribution .teethe/ P^^hs^ir*^.'
. New; iv*- sterafewi ''Egg?. '. -
lu Form and Fireirido - we'.-read*'ot
tie latest tainir in aahitatjen;
U "A sterilized, egg oatapaoy haa bet?.
tortnodt afe'Alexandrlay ^ilbnesota, for
'?trewttd^: -'eggs ?s?. they" will k?&p for '?>.
.so^fcai?e?l Indefinite p*rtcd.< The ?ma
rhhio which : does, the wef,V": destroy a
.fae Cmzryo of .- the egRv xr?aklO??)ft ls*
fertile, .st?rliji^>'tSe.v^\'.anii(-:*th?ii
^hermetically .,'se&1a it to prevent
Ihiinfcagejhj: evaporation, end also' td
Iteep?-^?erie?','froth ?-rca?Mag.ibo con
,TA*?ta? '.
Cfc'The machine haa a capacity ; o?
tw?iva .ihe?sahd dosen ?> day ?' P?s*iy*
in O?llforhi? ere ?aid \ to have hesh
thoroughly eatlefactdry. - ? igdverh<
meet *.r??rt f^ubw mvesting th? mat?
.'ter : t$.. rea?V%h?th?r'. fM 'he Wi
ls
? A- ISLAND ct fragrant spices,
JA a land of enchantment that
JU? ' fulfills the romantic dreams of
Jj~ ?: '. youth, v. veritable paradi&e of .
emerald verdure; bordered Wk j
tho shonn waters of a troploal sea&f
that is Ceylon, And of Colombo,!
what can bo s?id? It is there that th?f
world travelers from tho four vvdhdh ;
meet; it io thoro that ene hears t-hp'
languages of almost every land in tho
two hemispheres sp?kon>, writes W.|?.:
Hornaday in.Grit.. |?
In no city ot tho world is' thereffi
be found day hy day a more conmopoVi*
tan transient population thau in Ck?l->
ombo. .It is a port of call tor many
steamships that ply. regularly between .
pomta in tao far East and.Europe, abd '
between Australia,- ?low Zealand and ;
Europe. It io there one meets elophtttt :
and tigsr hunters of . India, tea pioi?it
ers, cplco buyers; ofneers of the avtay
and navy Of many nations, wool bmf.i
era ' who .pass to and ' fro betwe&i
Ehgland, Franco and tho far off landa
. of .Australia and 'New ..Zealand'. T/?e
.Island kings-tho cocoanut prmcejSk
from i tho coral dots of tho, Indluii
ocean, and tho South S?as gnther thef o
for a season of social pleasures; ti-.o
American millionaire, comes into tho
harbor in his yacht and lends to i&e
ip?yety ; of the/jMjH^bho^e by- wa
prodigal way 1 ii ^iitch' ho sealtors^Hif
money around. V - '
Yjfy'?ttf Singatsa?/. mau ?r.iV, liby - 'i
natural marchant ai^^ri^er.V^^^K
tho youngest to tho' oldest'4hcy''!'.?K
have au rye "to husiriess. '"? .f?vctt^'HE
street "nrabli^?^^'')p?nwj^4^ y?jft?
their 'teci?sHba^^'?i^;^&^?F.
tho..whlt.O. \:i5itc.r v-'.'ii r. .?: o.uf. :r.c
; pn\^o^
- .. ... . ? ? ? ? . y-w^r i-r-Tfn-.-- "tf 1 TcTf I ^TOF' '
. How they ' could ftcll t;??>ita Ar,
can I ?^-uns;bb.ti%???^<!ft?Vit'\irih
?httH?al ^?ne^f/them to-eay: . .
..''Mftrst?r/^tc'p^h- and ; let .m? -si
jon things ver^^?j'.m?l?? inoaMmB
fol present for rcnrstsr'B fo&mfll
America," .
"I said to ono of them: "Wh.
you mean by calling me aa'AmcjWBI
I live in Bombay."
The youngster: sailed ?v?;owhis?y;?ci4 ;
replied:
'"pht-ii?j- xa?. thaw- mar?i'.:-' :
lean-rae can tori; i .'
."jamv Cub you .tftlim^tosSrv
faq' ??lidW;shr,iic?;?? his shoulq$ts\
sudsmiled, bat did hoi ?*p??ia th . .
era.
.. ':.Co?t?as to allou?" ot y^WF*
tum ?pirdens, tlie .Buddhist _.
.. Beggars . 4 "
?^?'tjb.^:tr<jta'
?i. o:
-ftiiptiior .b?fi^ihi; '6hst>??
*? '.^Vl?nfcal col!
i\ atuf?y,
'.a e?oNVT?>t\nfiHv.
..'Iles and 0hQ?yesi;o? books. '
afJy/t?'ibav!, . ?
xviii il ri?r -srWri
.rjjoyed i1 nee ot .
I',.ytsit to -.tho. . big' - na^y?;;^?a??QB?
itf rapj??_tp vfmtetn. oyes/wbr^m
" ilttctB on fejido. u . .\ .
.?!?s was a deal ? i caU
ps in tx .loua v. \ o tains ;?lko
??antleu; o;. :
lr Ely,.'ely,' ely, j ly, i?y, ily, o?y, ply,
\ TO, my csi-E. if -? /Ilip3;an.a^
?o??pt at. s?irfiugv . ' . . ' .
???'?'w??atJf?rid orrong that ?oJi?w
mxzinkV i zaku? ?ta Jnlcv;
|?cp?npanied mo.
loun?og.-'tbo o??niseB,".'-' 'replied 'isy
j . jjpls pilli
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