*
DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, MORALITY, AGRICULTURE, LITERATURE, AND MISCELLANEOUS NEWS.
Ikm H. NORWOOD, EDITOR.]
U -I . — J. . -■ • Ja».- ^ ' “ ■
To thine oirnself be true; And il must follog' as the night the day; Thou cami not then be false to any man.—Hamlet.
VOL. 1.
DARLINGTON C. H., S. C M WEDNESDAY MORNING JUNE 4, 1851.
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POLCTICAL.
STATE SOY
fE
1GNTY—THE
CESSION.
RIGHT OF
Nothing can be moie manifest from
the journals of the Convention that
framed the federal constitution, than
that the States which were parties to
it, never designed to yield the right of
secession, nor to confer upon the fede- ,
ral government the right to coerce a
State that should attempt to withdraw
from the confederacy. The same truths
are taught, by the manner in which
several of the States ratified the con
stitution.
Below arc the acts of ratification by
the States of New York, Virginia, and
Rhode Island:
“New York.—We, the delegates
of the people of the State of New
York, duly elected and met in Con
vention, having maturely considtred
the constitution of the United States
of America, agreed to on the 17th day
of September, in the year i787, bv
the (General) Convention, then assem- 1
bled at Philadelphia, (a copy whereof
precedes these presents) do declare and
make known:
and ratify the Constitution recommen
ded on the 17th day of September,
1787, by the Federal Convention for
the Government of the United States,
&c., &c.
Done In Convention, tliis27tli day of
June, 1789. By order of the Conven
tion. Ddm. Pendleton, Pres.
“ Rhode Island.—We, the dele
gates of the people of Rhode Island
and Providence Plantations, duly elect
ed and met in Convention, having ma
turely considered the Constitution for
the United States of America, agreed
Vo on the 17th day of September, 1787,
by the (Federal) Convention, then as
sembled at Philadelphia, &c., &c., do
declare and make known:
“1st. That there are certain natural
rights, of which nun, when they form
a social compact, cannot deprive or di
vest their posterity ; among which are
enjoyment of life and liberty, with the
means of acquiring, possessing and
protecting property, and pursuing and
obtaining happiness and safety.
“2d. That all power U naturally
vested in and consequently derived
from the people; that Magistrates,
therefore, are their'Phistees ancUAgents
and at all times amenable to them.
3d. That the powers of government
may be re-nssumed by the people,
whensoever it shall become necessary
to their happiness. That the rights of
the States, respectively, to nominate
and ap|>oint all State officers, and every
other power, jurisdiction and right,
which is not by the said constitution
clearly delegated to the Congsess of
the United States, or to the Depart
ments of the Government thereof, re
main to the people of the several States,
or their respective State Governments.
“ Done at Newport, in the county of
Newport, in the State of Rhode Island
and Providence Plantations, 29th of
May, 1790. By order of the Conven
tion. Daniel Owen, President.
Attest—Daniel Updike, Sec’y.”
on
powers, in no man or body of men
earth. • • • •
that it would be dangerous delusion,
were a confidence in in the men of our
choice to silence our fears for the safety
of our rights: that confidence is every
where the parent of despotism, freegov-
ermnent is folmded in jealousy and not
in confiideuce, which prescribes limited
constitutious to bind down those we are
obliged to trust with power. *
In question of power then, let no more
be heard of confidence in man but bind
him down from mischief by the chains
of the Constitution.”
Modern secessionists claim no more
nor less than the rights hero defined by
Jefferson, and hence they are no more
traitors than he was and only as he
was, desirous of preserving State right
in the Union if possible, but to preserve
that at all hazards, out or in. In the
language of Jackson—the doctrine of
State rights men is, to contend for no
thing but w’hat is right, and to submit to
nothing that is wrong.
AGRICULTURE.
How blest the farmer's simple life.
How pure the joy it yields!
Far from the world’s tempestuous strife,
Free 'mid the scented fields.—EtereW.
From the New Orleans Courier.
THE RIGHT TO SECEDE.
One of the most ridiculous nunihugs
“ That all power is originally vested
in, and consequently derived from the put forth by the presses on the side
people; and that government is insti- of consolidation, is the humbug that a
tuted by them for their common inte- sovereign State has not the right to se-
rest, protection, and security. ; cede that secession would be rebellion.
“ That the enjoyment of life, liberty Rebellion ! indeed. As if sovereigns
and the pursuit of happiness, are os- j could not decline any longer assoeia-
sential rights, which every government tion with fellow-sovereigns, hut it would
ought to respect and preserve. he rebellion forsooth. The great mind
“That the powers of Government 1 which framed the Declaration of Inde-
may be re-assumed by the people
whensoever it may become necessary
to their happiness, that every power,
jurisdiction and right, which is not hy
the saiil constitution clearly delegated
to the Congress of the United States,
or the departments of the Government
thereof, remains to the people of the
several States, or to thelf respective
State Governments, to whom they (the
people) may have granted the same.
And that these clauses in said Consti
tution, which declare that Congress
shall not have or exercise certain pow-
cm, do not imply that Confess is en
titled to any pousers not given By the
said Constitution; hut such clauses are
to be construed either as exceptions to
certt|||^it>ecified powers, or as inserted
merely fcr greater caution, dtc.
“ Done ift Convention at Poughkeep
sie, in the county of Dutchess, in the
State of New York, on the 26th day
of July, 1788.
By order of the Convention.
“ Attested— Geo.Clinton, Pies.
J. M’Kesson, A. B. Banker, Sec’ys.”
“ Virginia—We, the delegates of
the people of Virginia, duly elected in
pursuance of a recommendation from
the General Assembly, and now met
in Convention, having fully and freely
Investigated and discussed the proceed
ings of the Federal* Convention, and
being prepared as well as the most ma
ture deliberation hath enabled us to
decide thereon—Do in the name and
behalf of the people of Virginia, <||-
clare and make known, that the pow
ers granted under the Constitution,
being derived from the people of the
United States, may he re-assumed 1ml
them whenever the same sliall%e pBpj
verted to their injury or oppression;
and that every power not granted there
by, remains with them and at their
will; that, therefore, no rigid of any
denomination can be cancelled, abridg
ed, restrained or modified by the Con
gress, by the Senate, or House of Rep
resentatives, t" *>•"'
t
pondence, knew as well as any other
man that ever lived in the tide of time,
what are the rights of men, individually
as citizens or collectively as States. In
his declaration he says that “all men
are endowed with certain inalienable
right—that among these are life, liber
ty, and the pursuit of happiness—that
whenever any fonn of government be
comes destructiu| of these ends, it is
the right—nay it is the dutu of such
people to throw off see* government.
Again, in the resolutions of the Kentuc-
y legislature, in 1798 drafted by him,
e says that “the several States compo
sing the United States of America—
arc not united on the principles of un
limited submission to their general gov
ernment but thatby compact, under the
style and title of a Constitution of the
United States, and of amendments
there to, they constituted a general
S ovornment for special purposes—
degated to that government certain
definite powers, reserving each State
to itself the residuary mass of right to
their own self-government; and tilnt
whensoever th« general government
assumes undelegntcd powers, its acts
are unauthoritative, void, and of no
force ; what belongs toBhis compact
each State acceded as a wate, and is an
integral part, its co-Statos forming as to
itself the oilier party. That the govern
ment created by this compact was not
made the exclusive or final judge of the
extent of the po^£jr delegated to itself
since that would have made its dicretion,
and not the Constitution the measures
of its powers: but that, as in all other ca
ses of compact among parties having no
common judge cafifc party has an equal
right to judge for itself as well of infrac
tion, as of the mode an^ieasure of re
dress.”" **
• •Bv • • •
And further on, he says that “ to take
from the States all powers of self gov
ernment and transfer them to a gene
ral and gonsolidated government, with-
oat regard to the special obligation and
acting in any capacity; 0 _ I
by the President or any Department, reservation solemnly agreed to in
or officer of the United States, except compact, isnui for the (>eace and |
in those instances in which power is | piness or prej^erity ol the States ; (for
Constt^ion,
(From the Working Farmer.)
POTATOES AND TOMATOES.
It is so generally known as it deserves
to be that the tomato, when grown a-
mong corn, is far superior in flavor to
those produced in the common way.—
They must of course have a fair chance
of room to grow and not get too much
crowded by the corn. Those who can
appreciate the good qualities of this veg
etable when in perfection will find that
mode of growing them to secure all
they can ask ; at least such has been
my experience.
It is maintained by some respectable
experimenters, that potatoes planted
among corn are not so liable to rot:
and this opiuiou has been confirmed by
a sufficient number of trials to render it
worthy of attention.
The soundness of potatoes in these
cases and the superior flavor of the to- j
matoes mentioned above, are probably
owing to the same cause, which in that
corn its superior power of attraction and
assimilation, appropriates to itself the
soluble nitrogenous matter contained in
the soil, and thus prevents the less en
ergetic plants in its neigeborhood from
absorbing those compounds of nitrogen
which ex|HMience has shown to be inju
rious to the quality of their products.—
The best potatoes are those which con
tain the largest proportion of starch,
and this is but carbon and the conslit-
cuts of water in another shape. Agotiz-
ed manures which are found so essen
tial in the cultivation of grain, are on
the contrary, detrimental when absor
bed in the circulation of a plant which
does not require them for the perfection
of its product, and which is in fact un
able to digest such, concentrated nutri
ment Every one knows how much in
ferior the sweet potatoes becomes when
grown on clay soil; and Liebig speaks
of a peculiar kind of turnip, whteh un
der the same circumstances, loses all
the good qualities for which it is noted
when cultivated in sandy land.
Those plants in which compounds of
carbon predominate may be said to form
a lower grade, in the scale of vegetable
life than that occupied by those con
taining more nitrogen. The formerare
unassisted products of nature—the for
est and the wild grasses with which a
fertile country is covered, before the
busy hand of man has entered upon its
labor; and the later arc golden harvest
which his skill and industry secures to
increase his comforts or add to his
wealth.
A portion of nitrogen is nndoubtclly
necessary to all vegetables, but it is
equally certain that we sometimes ap
ply more of the Bibstauce than is re
quired to produce the best results. If
we admit, with Liebig, that plants ab
sorb all the soluble matter present in
the soil, as a sponge absorbs water,
with d$tfiat it contains in solution in
discriminately,’ we must be impressed
with the importance of adapting the
supplies of food to the necessities of the
plant, aiid withholding as far as possible
that which is useless or^atrimental.
It is said of the ChinMe that they
manure the plant more than the soil;
and certainly to do this nnderstandingiy
and effectually, implies the perfection
that | of the highest accomplishment within
hap- t Hie ambition of a scientific farmer.
-fr
obligations to publish bis marriage,
‘That’s to the point; but the mystery
of it is, how any young lady, in this
age, can afford to marry a fellow who
takes no paper.
A DOMESTIC DRAMA, FROM REAL LIFE
IN NEAY ORLEANS.
Sc*XE—Three-story hrirk residence,
in central part of the city.
Middle-aged gentleman to his belter
half, vho loolm cloudy and threatening:
“Well, my dear, I have eaten a good
dinner, and now, to assist digestion and
refresh my wearied system, I'll order a
buggy and take a ride down the Shell
Road.”
Lady—(with more than usual em
phasis)—“ Do, my precious,—you look
worn, and require a little recreation,—
recreation.” The latter word was giv
en with great emphasis.
“ By-hv, dearest,” and the middle-
aged gentleman kissed his hand to his
Penelope, and departed with an air of
i some haste and impatience.
As the door closed, the affectionate
matron threw herself in a red velvet
rocking-chair, and clutching her fingers,
and pressing her lips closely together,
with an expression of great determina-
i tion, she exclaimed.
“ Oh, the traitor!—the wretch!—1
will detect, and expose him, in the very
arms of his . Dear Mrs. , I
can never sufficiently thank her for her
timely cautions. I’ll go immediately.”
The worthy husband had hardly
for those
which objecTuie Union was formed ;)
Ktit that therefore this commonwealth
name : is determined, as it doubts not its co-
given by tiy
purposes, Acc., Ate.
“We, the Delegates, in the
and in behalf of die people of Vir- ! States are, not tamely to submit to un
ginia, do, bv these' presents, aasunt to delegated affd consequently unlimited
turned the corner of the next street, be
fore his amiable wife might have been
seen leaving the house, and proceeding
in an opposite direction. The scene
now shifts to the
Suburbs of the City—A pretty liltle
Cottage for a single person or small
family.
The middle-aged gentleman’s wife
knocked at the door. ’Flic knock is
immediately answered—“ Wait, my
dear;” exclaimed a soft voice within,
“ I sludl be ready in a minute.” There
was a rustling of silk, the door openetl.
and there stood, already dressed, bon
neted, and joseved for a ride, an inter-
csting young woman, as beautiful as
Hebe and graceful as a Sylph. At the
sight of her visitor, the Sylph colored
up, and, in a state of delightful confu
sion, muttered something about expec
ting some one, and then invited her vi
sitor to take a seat.
It was a small parlor, and the two
females sat opposite, looking intently
at each other’s face. At length the
matron broke the pause which followed,
with this inquiry—
“ Miss, do you know who 1 am ?”
“I have not the pleasure,” softly re
joined the Sylph.
“ Well, then, I’ll let you know!”—
Here there was an awful pause, the
matron turned red ns a carnation-rose,
the Sylph chose the opposite color of
the lily. The contrast was a beauti
ful one. “ I am,” continued the ma
tron, “ the wife of the man, who”——
Before the rest of the sentence was
over, the Sylph fainted away, the ma
tron advanced towards her, and putting
her little dexter, instead of a bottle of
volatile salts, under the beautifully chis
elled nose of the fainting maiden, pro
ceeded, in spite of her senseless condi
tion, to |>our upon her such a flood of
reproaches, taunts, and revilings, as an
injured woman can conjure up. In
the midst of this impassioned display
of declamation, there was a sudden
knock at the door,—a quick knock, a
loud knock, a decided knock. The
matron proceeded to the door opened
it, and there stood, whip in hand, with
his splendid turn out drawn up before
the door, the poor, dear, wearied, jaded
husband, who required a little air and
recreation!
In the approved style of itemizers, the
scene that cau better lie im
agined than (fijMnbed. The torrent
of the AfenuncnMon
dear. The buggy and horse are sold
at a great sacrifice. A man’s follies
shouldn’t l»e forever thro\fn up to him.
A scene of domestic reconciliation
and endearment follows,Mfepon which
the curtain drops.—.V. (>. Delhi.
PAT ANDHlSOiSTEER.
Pat, who had just been transplanted,
had been sent by his master to purchase
half a bushel of oysnb-s at the quay hut
was absent so long that apprehensions
were entertained for his safety.
He returned at last, however pulling
under his load in the most musical
style.
“Where hav you been exclaimed his
master.
“Where have I been ! Why where
should I l>e but to fetch the isters.
“And what in the name of 8t Patrick
kept you so long ?”
“Long! By me sow), I think 1 have
been nurthy quick consitherin all
things.”
Considering what things ?”
Consitherin what things! Why eou-
i sitherin the dressin of the fish to Ik*
sure.”
“Dressing what fish.
“Whattish { Why blur-au-ownstho
isters.”
“What do you mean.
“What do l mam' < Why, I mam*
< as I was rcstin down foment the Pick-
led Herring, and havin a dhrop tocom-
fort me, a jintleinan axed me what I'd
got in my sack. ‘Isters,’said 1. Let’s
look at 'em,’says he, and hcopenes the
bag. ‘Oeh, thunder and praties says lie
who sow led you these? ‘It was Mick
Carney, thethafe of the world! ‘What a
, blackguard lie must be to gho them to
you with out dressing. ‘Ain’t they
dressed ? saps I. ‘Divil a one of them
says he. Musha, then says I, ‘what’ll 1
do ? D<> says he ‘I’d sooner do it my
self than have you so abused.’ And so
he takes ’em in doors, and dresses ’em
nate ami clane, as you’ll see,” opening
at the same time his bag of oyster-shells
that wore as empty as the head that bore
them to the house.
FIRST MEETING (IF 4 NEGRO WITH
A BE AR.
Reading an interesting article res-
|>ecting the habits of the bear, a pretty
good story floated up to the surface re
lated to me some time since, by my i
friend the Colonel, who had spent the
most of Ins fortune and life in the woods
of Florida, now years gone by w hich 1
will attempt to relate—the truth of
w hich you may depend upon, as I heard
it direct from his own lips.
The Colouelilind a black fellow,
Dick, a good natured happy creature,
who one morning was strolling through
the woods, whistling and roaring as lie
went, when suddenly he spied an in
dividual as black as himself, with much
more wool.
Dick looked at his new friend, and the
bear (on his rump) at his. Dick’s eyes
began to stick out a feet, “Who’s
dat!” cried Dick. “Who’s dnt ?” again
cried Dick, shakingTill over. Bruin
began to approach. Dick pulled for
the first tree and the lioar after him.—
Dick was soon up the Cypress and the
bear scraching close after him. Dick
moved out on a limb, the bear followed
—till the limb began to bend. “Now
see here, Mister,ifvou come any furder
dis limb broke. 0ere! dere ! 1 tell you
so.” As Dick had said, the limb broke
and down came bear and nigger.—
Dero, you brack aebil, I tole yer so ;
dis is nil your fault. Yer broke yer
neck, and I jiss take yer to Massa Col
onel.”
In and Aitwr the Honey-Moon.
AA’hen Hon. Truman Smith, Senator
from Connecticut, returned to Wash
ington with his youthful accomplished
and handsome Alabama wife, some-bo
dy asked him how many slaves she had.
beet. itie torrent ()„],. oru | ” 8a ; ( l Truman, bowing low,
, , . a, 1 l . < hghtning and placing his hand upon his Heart;
of the wrath of the indignant matron, on i v one who is proud to be her slave.—
- die'fainting Th ||
was very good. A correspon-1
dent of the N. Y, Herald gfccs a sup
were now turned ft
tf ylph to the middle-aged gentleman.
His courage yielded to one single vol
ley, and turning his back upon his per
secutor, he threw himself rashly into
the buggy, gave Ms spirited hay a tre
mendous rap, and rushed wildly down
the street, violating, in a most atrocious
manner, the ordiutnee against fast
driving.
Last Scbni—sSeeral days afterwards
—Three-story brick building—Hus
band at kome reading the Delta—
Wife eyes him closely.
[JOHN F. HE LHRME, PROPRIETOR.
NO. 14.
the itch—at the same time holding
out Ids his hands to the Judge, nnd dis
playing the visible evidcnce ; of his cutan
eous affliction. ’File Judge, after close
ly inspecting the hands of the Juror di-
recfed the clerk as follows:
“The Court decides that the Juror’s
excuse is a valid one, and therefore di
rects that he he SiC-r-a-t-c-li-e-d off.”
A tromcedous roar td laughter signi
fied the unanimous verdict ol the audi
ence that his honor w as guilty ol a
pun.
A HI NIIRND YEARS AGO.
Somebody has, under the above cap
tion, thrown together some striking
facts in the history of our country nnd
the world;
A hundred years ago, a stupid Ger
man monarch reigned over those United
States—then colonies of Great Britain
—and on the whole earth, with the ex
ception of Sw itzerland, there was not a
single republic of any pretensions. A
hundred year* ago the Frcndh lilies
floated over Queliec 1 1’itshurg and
New Orleans. A hundred years ago,
the old French monarchy existed, the
hastile reared its towers, and Louis the
XV dallied with infamous wantons,
squandered his subject’s, money, and
hlasyliemed in his ow n person the name
of man, Fifty years ago cotton mills
had, as it were, just been invented; and
railroads, locomotives, and telegraphs
practically unknown; Fifty years ago
there were scarcely five millions of
people in the United States, and Ohio
was almost as much of a wilderness ns
< )regon is now. Fifty years ago Wash
ington had just die*!, Jefferson w as still
living and Clay, AA ebster and Calhoun
were names as yet unknown to
fame.
CHEAP BOARDING.
A thousand and one stories are told
of the extreme cheapness of liv ing in
the Far West, hut as to the way in which
it is occasionally done, we were never
aware until the matter was expumiyd
hy the late Dan .Marble.«
“You keep boarders hdro ma’am ?”
said and individual addressing tlie land
lady of a house, upon the door of which
he saw “cheap hoarding painted.
“We do,” was the reponse.
l “What do you charge a week ?
“For hoarding without lodging, do
you mean?” inquired the lady.
“Yes, ma’am. 4
“Fifty cents is our regular price.”
“Well,” rejoined the inquirer, ‘’that’s
cheap enough at any rate. Do you
give yout hoarders much of a varie
ty. 4
“Yes, sir, something of a \ atii ty.—
We give them dried apples for break
fast warm water for dinner, and let
swell for supper.”
The editors in Iowa have a quiet
way of saying very hard things of each
other. The last hit of the “Reporter”
is a little too hard
Four story shirt collars are the rage.
We saw one the other day w ith a stee
ple on it. This increase in building has
proved very profitable to the linen and
starch trades. 8hort necked people,
in order to keep pace with the spirit of
improvement, should have their necks
moved up a little higher.—Reporter.
r.ong mred people, though short
necked, need not comply with the Re
porter’s requirement to “move them up.
The major merely erects Ids (—
They answerd in placeof a steeple.—
Republican.
Ail right Jeems! But would it not
he well for you to “tree/” your eyes?
People who meet you can t make up
their minds now whether their down
cast look is the result of stealing sheep
or sucking eggs ?—Reporter.
The Newspaper.—The definition
of this cheapest of all earthly luxuries
is thus given by Bulw kr, the novelist:
The newspaper is the chronicle of
civilization, the common reservoir info
winch every stream pours its living w «-
plementnry anecdote a nionth latter.— J tors, and at whh h every man may eonte
On the the night the platform gave way
at the Washington circus Mr. Smith
was present with his young wife, and
it is said when the crash came he ran
for the door, leaving the lady to shift
for herself. Another lady, observing
it, remarked, pointing at the honorable of our
Senator from Connecticut.” Look look and al
there goes a fugitive slave !”
and’drink. It is the newspaper which
gives to liberty its practical life, perpe
tual vigilance, its unwavering, activity.
The newspaper is a daily and sleepless
watchman, which reporta to you every
danger which menaces the institutions
ntrv. and its interest at home
T* newspaper informs
the fRililks opinion and it
!e of tho acts of the
keeping up that con-
le
An exchange paper says:
‘ A friend unforms ua Uiat he would
send a marriage notice, but the young
entleman does not take the paper, and
does not consider editors undor any
{ ei
e
8am .Slick’s L vst.—Judge Halibur
Haaband—My dear, this Duftk is a ton, the witty author ofSani Slick, was ^anl kvtflpathy and
very sensible papen4 1 wonder any man holding Courtthe other day, and in tli#
commencement of the proceedings it He-
l came necessary to empannel a Jury* _
One worthy burgher, on being called, of revolution. The
- B f the (’ourt to excuse him, book for the indolent, a
should want better amusement or em
ployment than reading it.
Wjfe—Yes, it is better recreation
than riding on the i&cU Road
Husband—N**Bhre‘ of that, my
ing between the |
which conduce
order, and
■nd that he was afflicted with thoughtless, a Hbrary fbr
imd. rstand-
legislators,
mane of
i necessity
law
*