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\ " VOL.-2. V CAMDEN. S: C., FRIDAY MORNING, 14 JULY 1805. . .. NO 2. . . '/ * ' i
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I nf erview Between the President
and the South CaroUno
'noloo'Qtinn tfio Pros.
i xjlxxu) j. jl vm
, ident's Policy.
I Washington, June 'J4, 18(55*?A ' dclcga*
| \ tion from South Carolina^ consisting of the
P , following named persons, had lute this after"
'* noon an interview, by appointment, .with the
President: Judge Frost, Isaac IS. * Hoitnes,
Oeo. W. Williams, W. II. GilllilaiM, J* II.
* ..* * Steinmcver, Frederick Richards, Win. Whalcy,
James H. Taylor, William J. Gayer, and Jo&? '.
.iseph A. Yates. *
The PreS'dgnt said that,it was his intention
jjjv' to talk plainly, so there might be no misnnUor; '*
standing Therefore it were bettor they should
look each other full in the face, and .not imi1'
" tsite . tlic ancient augurcs, who, when they
ulet one another, could smile.at their success
hy deceiving the people. He-said if this Union
.was to be preserved it must be on the prinei ;?
-pal of fraternity, both the Northern and South
V 4rn States' maintaining certain relations to the <
X'Ovcrnment. A State cannot go one of the
Union, and, therefore, none, of them having
gone out, wc must deal with the' question of
restoration, and not %rcconstniction. He suspected
that lie was-a better States Plights man'
\-than some of those now present. . .
v Mr. liolmes-Jyou always so claimed to be*
(Laughter.)
' / The President replied that he al ways thought
that slavery could not be sustained outside of
Constitution of the United States, and that
U-Tiil?ever the experiment was made it would
^ IVKntliaii it oniiiil in* r*mtlr) lint hi*
Wns7Sr the Union, and that if slavery set itIaelf
up to control the Government, tiic Government
must triumph and slavery perish.
The institution of slavery made the issue^and
we mignt as well meet it like wise and patriotic j
and honest men. All institutions must'be |
subordinate to the Goveftiment, and slavery J
has given way. lie could not if lie would remand
it to its former status, lie knew that;
some whom he now addressed looked upon him
as a greauTcople's man gnd a radii.nl. Uut'
{ how eve^Rilcasant it. might be to them, be |
had no hesitation in. saying that before and
. after he entered the1 jpublic life lie was opposed !
to monopolies and perpetuities and entails, i
" For this be used to bo denounced as a dema- j
gogue.- W5 had t monopoly art' the South hi j
/- slaves. Tlmigb he had- bought and held j
Slaves, he hod never sold one. From Magna j
L. harta we hid derived our ideas of freedom of
"speech, liberty of the press and -unreasonable J
searches, and that private property should not j
be taken for public uses without just compen-1
sation. Ho had these notions lixed in his
mind, and was therefore opposed to class legislation.
Being providentially brought to L)is
present condition, lie intended to exert the
' power and influence of the Governm'cut so as
to place in power the popular heart of this
? nation.
' *s He proceeded on the principle that'the great.
. masses arc hot the mushrooms about a stump,
which'the wet weather sppplics. lie believed
that this nation was sent on a great mission?
* A
*. ' ?
m
to afford an example of freedom and substantial
happiness to all thcr powers of the earth.
Thc'Constitntion of the -United, States, in
speaking of persons to be'chosen as Representatives
in Congress, says that the electors ineach
State shall have the qualifications requisite
for electors of the most numerous brauch
of tbc State Legislature, llerc we find-a resting
place, iThis was the point at which the
rebellion commenced. All the States were in
the Union, moving in harmony; bnt a portion
of them rebelled,-and to some extent suspended
ami paralyzed tbc operations of their Governments.
There is a cohstitntional obligation,
rnstir.f/on the United States Government to
O ;
"put down rebellion, suppress insurrection ana
repel invasion. The slaves went into the war
as slaves, and came out as free men of color.
Tlid friction of the rebellion has rubbed out the
nature and character of slavery. The loyal
men who were compelled to bow and submit
to the rebellion should, now that the rebellion
is ended, stand equal to loyal men everywhere..
Hence the wish of restoration aud the trying
to get back the States to the point at which
they formerly moved in pcrll?t harmony.
lie di 1 not intend to scivc any particular
clique or interest. lie would say to the delegation
that slavery is gone as an institution.
There was no hope tjiat the people of South
Caiolina could be admitted into the Senate of
the House of Kcprcscntatives until they bad
afforded evidence by their conduct of thistruth.
The policy, now that the rebellion is suppressed,
is not.to, restore the Slate Government
tlirongh military rule, but by the people,
while the war has cihancipalod. slaves, it has
nmani'innfpjl ?i Inr'vpr number of white men.
Me would .talk plain, as tlie delegation Jind
said that was what they desired, lie could
go to men who had owned fifty or a hundred
slaves, and who did not care as much for the
poor white man as ibey did for the negro.
Those who own the land have the capital to
employ licljJ, and therefore some of our Northern
friends arc decern d when they living af?f
off, think they can exercise a greater control
over thefrccdrncn than the Southern mc-n who
have been reared where the institution of slavery
has prevailed. Now ho did not want the
iate slaveholders to control the negro votes
against white men. Let each State judge of
the depository of its own political power. lie
was lor emancipation. He w;is for emancipation.
tlm Trliiti* m!it> ,iu well as the blank.'
Mr. Holmesasked?Is not that altogether
accomplished ?.'
The President replied that he did not think
the <|Ucation fullv settled. The question as to
whether the black man shall be engrafted in
the Constitution will he settled.as we go along,
lie would not disguise the fact that while he
had been persecuted and deuounccd at the
South as a traitor, lie loved the great mass of
the Southern people. lie opposed the rebellion
at its breaking, and iought it everywhere,
and now wanted the principles of the Govcrnmcoi
carried out and maintained.
Mr. Holmes interrupted by saying; We"
want to get back to the same position as you
describe, as we are with out law, no courts are
opened, and you have the power to assist us.
The President replied that the Government
"nniint tm rti! nnlnss it iq hasPfl nil vifrht- The
people of South Carolina must have a Convention,
and amond their constitution by abolishing
slavery, and this must be done in ?bod faitb,
and the Convention or Legislature must adopt
the proposed anicdninent to the Constitution
of the li nitcd States, which prohibits aDd exeludes
slavery everywhere.
One of the delegates said: "We are most
ruxious for civil rnlc, for we have . had more
than enough Jfor military despotism.
? *
The President, resuming, said that as the
Executive lie could only take the inisitory
steps to enable them to do thu things which it
was incumbent upon them-to perform.
Another pf the delegates remarked that it
was assumed in some parts of the country that
in consequence of the rebellion the Southern
States had forfeited their rights as members of
the Confederacy, and that if restored It
could only be on -certain conditions, one of
which was that slavery shall be abolished.
This could be done) only through a Convention.
? *
The President replied that the friction of
the rebellion had rubbed Slavery out, but it
?.?.'.lJ bVa /In/iloro K\r low Ac Ann
YVUUIU uo UCIfbCi ov iv ucviniu wj iwnt xxo wiiv
of the delegates had just remarked*, that the
Constitution of South Carolina did not establish
slavery) it were better to mscrt a clause
antagonistic to slavery.
Judge Prost said, substantially: The object
of our prayer is the appointmenfrof a Governor.
The State of South Carolina will accept these
conditions jn order that law and order may be
restored, and that enterprise and Industry may
be directed; to useful ends. "We desire Restoration
as soon as possible. It is the part of wisdom
to make the best of circumstances... Certain
delusions have been dispelled by the
revolution} araong?tliem that slavery is an
elcmont,<?f political strength and moral, power.
It is ven' certain that the old|notion respecting
State rights, in the maintenance of which those
who made the rebellion in South Carolina
erred, hssfceasea to exist. Another delusioD,
viz: .trat^ottpn is king, has likewise vanished;
in e are to come back with these
notions dispelled and with a"~ new %stem of
labor. The people will cordially co*operatq
with the Government in making that labor
effective and elevating tlie negro as miTcn as
they can. It is,' however, more a work of
time than the labor of enthusiasm and fauati
cism. The people of the South have the largest
interest in the question. We arc willing
to co-operate for selfish, if for no higher
motives. We bavo taken the liberty, encouraged
by your kindness, to throw out suggestions
by which the policy of the Government
will be most surely and effectually subserved.
I repeat that the new system of labor is to be
inaugurated by,, clear, sound and discreet
judgement. The negroes arc ingnorant.?
Their minds arc much inflamed with liberty.?
They arc.apt to confound liberty with license.
Their great idea is, I fear, that freedom consists
of exemption from work. . Wc will take
in good faith and carry out your intention
with zeal, and hope for the best; and none i
will rejoice more than the people of the South
if emancipation prove successful.^ Freedom to
the slave is freedom to the master, provided
yon can supply a motive for industry. The
people of South Carolina, from their fidelity to
honor, have submitted to great sacrifice; they
endured all. We are defeated and conquered |
|>y the Hortb, who are too strong for us. The
same good faith which animated thep in the
contest wili not be found wanting in their
pledge of loyal support to the Government.
There may grow out of this blessings which
you hare not foreseen, and some pleasing rays
now illumine the horizon. .1 suppose the oath
of allegiance will be taken with as much una*nimitv
ip South Carolina as anywhere else, and
we will submit to the condition of things which
Providence has assigned, and endeavor' to bolicvc.
- . .
All discord harmor-y not understood,
And partial evil universal good.
We eheerfully accept the measures recommended,
and would thank you to nominate at
your convenience a Governor to carry out the'
wishes you have expressed.
Pres. Johnson asked the delegation to subrait
whom they would prefer to hare'as Pro- ^ '
visional Governor. ,
To this they replied they had a list-of five "...
men, viz: Ailren, Mclllily, Beyce, Col. Mbn- ^ v- ' ^
ning, late Governor, and B. F. Perry. All of ' *
them were spoken- of as- good meB, but who; ? *$ >t'
liad been more or less involved in the rebellion.
Mr. Pcrrv was a District Judge in the Confed* ^ . /:
eracy,- until a few weeks before it collasped arid
is said to have always been a goodJUnion man ' ; *r - 0
and a gentleman ofatriet integrity. The jpco^- \ ?$$''"'
pie certainly would respect him, and he coulds'- * '( *\?r
not fail to be acceptable. ( * '*>
The President said he knew Benjamin ?
Perry well, having served with him id Congress. . ' #
There' was no spirit ot vengeance or vindictive- . - .
ness on the part of the. Government, whpso
only desire was to restore the relations' which
formerly existed. He was not now prepared C
to give them an answer as to whom he should
appoint. But at the Cabinet meeting next ' * *'
Tuesday lie would repeat the substance of >
this interview, with a hope to the restoration
which the gentleman present earnestly de* . *
sired.*
. The delegates seemed to be much pleased*. ^
with the proceedings, and lingered for some \
time to individually converse with the President.
General Buckner's Farewell
Address. - * ': \
TT_ . T> ? ^ '
t ytva jl>uc tin r-n. a vuitrij f I
Shrevefort, La.t June, 8,1865. J > ,
?SiiDiEns?1The struggle for independence^
has ceased. "As solcficrs bT~the Cdnfetteret*" ?
States?an army defending the rights of yonr " '
country?you won the respect of your enemies
and tho admiration of the civilized world. The '*
power which you could not resist has crushed
the hopes which you had cherished, and com- *
polled, by force ofarms. obedience to the United
States. You have obligated } ourselves to 4
abstain from further acts of hostility, and are
permitted to return .to your homes to follow
your pcacef avocations' without molestation
of your persons. The same fidelity which yop
displayed npon the battlefields should be shown'
in the new engagements into which you have .
voluntarily entered. Go peaceably to your
homes, cultivate friendly relations with, all, abstain
from all hostile acts, and discountenance
every attempt at disorder. You will have
much to forgive and much to ' endure; bnt as *
courage has been your characteristic on the
field, let the spirit of magnanimity and-fortitude
> ;j ? ? kfi* wkon fvla
gUKIU yvut ItUblUJia iii j4iv# it.uvm ?uv
passions of the hour, shall have subsided a returning
sense of justice will compel even vthe*
people whom we have so long resisted to concede
that justice must have been the basis of
the cause which inspired so many acts of.heroisra
and gave rise to the feeling of sclf-satrifice
and devotion which yon bavo so often dis
played. To the Missouri troops.of my corps
my commendations are especially due for the
orderly deportment and firm discipline which
they havo shown in tho most trying emergencies.
Soldiers, our official relations are now
severed. You will cany with yon, in your
homes or into exile, ray warmest wishes for
vonr prosperity and nappiness.
S. B. BUCKNEK,
Lieutenant General. . '
It is not a little singular, that the Jettci?
that spell debt, are the initials of the sentence,
."Dun Every Body Twice;" and the letters
which spell credit, are the initials 6f the sentence,
"Call Regularly Every Day?I'll
Trust.';
,4 '