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VOLUME 2?NO. 47. ABBEVILLE C. H., SOUTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 30, 1855. ' t WHOLE NUMBER 99.
MISOELLAmr.
[for tub independent press.]
The Three Classes.
Messrs, Editor8: Long since I satisfied
my own mind Unit there are three distinct,
classes of character in the world:
3, The class of moral firmness ;
*2, The class of circumstantials;
3, The class of braggarts.
1. The man of moral firmness rarely cv
er tells you that this is his type; feels it
iiimseir, lias no suspicion, takes it tor grant-1
ed, that nobody doubts it, He is apt to be
an agreeable man, e:isy in conversation; and
in the matter of inere opinion, show him
his error, and he at once gives way. He
wants the truth, and is willing to receive it
from any quarter. lie often gets the name
of being too easy?too ready to accommodate;
but try him. Ask him to change ap
opinion to accommodate you. To give his
ground, or you will injure him, as you have
it in your power to do. Wliat course does
he take now ? Does he at once give up,
and ask your pardon, almost, for having
iheld such an opinion ? Not so. He says,
"I would like to accommodate you, sir, if I
could consistently, but can't, #and prefer
that you would not ask it any more." Now
he has trot home. You cannot do anvthinnr:
r O'
the more you try, the more? he knows you
?re out of it, and the more he concludes
"never to trust you again.
2. The man of circumstances frequently
speaks in pretty confident tones of his firmness?his
independence. He wants it understood
that he possesses what lie feels he
lias not He sometimes treads on men's
toes, (selecting with great care,) just to
show his independence. But all the time
lie is watching the current; he means to go
with that He is always on the popular
side, if he knows which one it is. Such a
man has a menial snirit.: ho will
7 r J ? ""J
tiling to get popular favor. lie will bear
watching.
3. But tlie braggart, he is the mnn. See
him! how he puffs, and swells up, porpoiselike
! Listen how he blows, pugh ! lie is
the man pf independence, of wonderful
firmness; lie rubs you a little off the sidewalk,
to let you know it. John Randoli'h
used to say he always gave ground to such
t- men. If there is anything said about bravery,
he is the man for that. Moral courage,
aye, no man dares to call liim in question.
N^w just let him alone, a little. Come up
^ on the other side, and offer him something
that be can appreciate, and you lmve him,
with or without .tbe concurrence "of his
Opinions. In, .fptet; as a general rule, such
persons have no opinions?theyiinake out
no conclusions.
Of the three classes, the first, of course,
is to b%chosen. That makes up the strength
of our community?our hopes are all in it.
Let our young men be sure to keep out of
the other two, and let them carefully take
position in this for life.
A love of truth-i-a straight course for
irums sake?is tlie dare and certain road to
- honor. Tlie man that is always looking out
to see which way the wind blows, that he
may govern himself accordingly,, will. be
found out at it, and in due time left without
support, a mere attache, holding on to
something. - Yours,
Acn . ' iMPilMATUHK.
WRitrM jro*- rn?.
Messrs. Editors : Wer have been waiting
,?ome time to. w -TOmel^y 'UVe up this
subject, but. it aeems to 'itej?p&th "every
IbodyV notice. ^ere^.so ipAny ttiings
to engro8*atfeati0tj, in thia gteal/agttoftra
principle, we shall not attempt to condemn
tlie use of tobacco, nor to point out its injurious
effects in a pecuniary or phj'sical
point of view. But we do cry out with n
loud Voice against tlie present filthy and
Unbecoming practice of chewing tobacco
nnd spitting in church. We often see the
floors and walls literally besmeared with tobacco
juice. How 'inbooming the eacrcd
sanctuary, which shoulcroe kept pure and
unstained, and dedicated only to the worship
of God ! We not only see members
of churches, but those who ascend the sacred
desk to proclaim the glad tidings of
salvation to a lost and ruined world, guilty
of thia practice. What fjentleman, nay,
what lady would like to see tobacco* juice
snirted over her narlor? *Vonld slio not
I 'I J
look upon such n guest as at intruder, .ill'
bred apd destitute of good manners? Is it
not equally as unbecoming in the house of
God ? We leave these questions for our
readers to answer.
The Abysinians, the Copts, the Armenians,
and many other races, notwithstanding
their superstitious idolatry, are far in advance
of orthodox denominations in legard to
cleanliness in their chur<j|ft-s. So zealous
are the former, they cover their Honrs with
matting or carpeting, ir^off their shoes
before entering, an^^/11 .suffer no poison to
spit, blow his noMs, nor even turn his head,
-i i. xr. * ?2.1 iv .1
Tfintc 111 uiiui i;n. r* UlWIUlSlitllUlUg 111C |
source from which this example conies, let
us improve by it. IIow is a reformation to |
be brought about ? Let those who are j
commanded to let their lights shine
set the example?abandon the practice at
once. Let them look upon it as an act of
indecency, and surely the world will be
constrained to join in the reformation. Try
it! C. 13.
The New Boanty Land Law.
The Commissioner of Pensions has issued
the following instructions for carrying into
effect the new Bounty Land Law :
"Where the service has been rendered by
a substitute, he is the person entitled to the
benefit of this act, and not his employer.
"In the event of the death of any person
who, if living, would be entitled to a certificate
or warrant, as aforesaid, leaving a widow,
or if no widow, a minor child or children,
such widow, or if no widow, such
minor child or children, is entitled to a certificate
or warrant for the saino quantity of
land such deceased persons would be entitled
to receive under tha. provisions of said act,
if now living.
"A subsequent marriage will not impair
tbo riglit of any such widow to such warrants
if she be a widow at the time of her'
application. Persons within the age . of
twenty-one years' on the 3d day of March,'
1855, are deemed minors within the intent
andrineaning of said net.
MTo obtain the benefits of this Act, the
claimant must make a declaration, under
oath, substantially, according to the forms
hereto annexed. The signature of the npnliitnnt.
miiaf. hrt ond liia />? ! ?>
personal identity established by the affidavits
of two witnesses, whose residences must
bo given, and whoso credibility must be sustained
by the certificate of the magistrate
before whom the application is verified. j
"No certificates will be deemed sufficient
in any case unless the facts are certified to be
within* the personal knowledge of the mag-!
istrate or Qtncr officer who slmjlsign the certificate,
or the names and residence of the
witnesses, by whoin tho facts'are established
be given. ort theirftffiddvJtsVproperly authenticated,
be appended to?tblcertificate.
.. uThe official character and signature of
the. mngUtrttte. who may administer- the
birth must be certified by the clerk of the
proper. ictouit of his 6otmty, under the seal
pf'his court. Whenever the certifl&ieCof
'tb? officer who autbentjcateB the signature
>p?the-magistrate is not written on the same
pIjeet pfjpapcr'which contains thealgnWture
*V.ft ~ ft >i J - ft** ? *
fiufiiouuuiwu| um twruuwiu> Hius^.uojw I
tached to anid paper by a pjccgo.f Cape or ribbun,
the ends ofwhich musi pass the official
seal, ?o as tpjirevept any paper-.firora "being
lmpro^rly ;attac|ip4 to the certificate.
\uApplicatiou, in behalf $ Jnipow; should
be made i^Uiw namea by the gtordraq:or
next fri<jnd. Where there nre several mi
cau only bo assigned or located by said heirs.
"Applications made by Indians must bo
authenticated according to the regulations to
be prescribed by the commissioner of Indian
affairs.
"Accompanying tho above instructions are
the necessnry forms of declaration, together
with an offcial copy of the law."
[From the Journal of Commerce.]
Long Credits, Short Credits, and Cash.
Mcssjca. Editors :?I observe with pleasure
a "Common-Sense" movement with you,
in relation to an improved system of future
credits.
Money, credits, and business must agree
better tliun ten to forty per cent, or some
of us "necessarily" cot no (go) to a (*oup)
stand. It is useless to disguise the truth.
Our general system of "long credits" has
dciven business upon a sand bar, that "must
shipwreck" large "profits."
Wo have two classes, the industrious and
the idle. All must eat, while every avenue,
but the road to positive production, is full
to overflowing.
Ilumbug is the order of the day. # It has
become a commodity, a foundation to write
and to lecture upon. It is undermining our
industry ; the punctuality and integrity of
our business and people.
Defaulting is winked at, while failures at
50 per cent, are honorable, and many a
"circumstance" is thus bettered, (if not the
circumstances,) the parties soon "going" on
without a bush.
Long credits "always" embrace heavy
risks, enlisting corresponding customers and
profits. This general conclusion is "ojjpressiotor
"insolvency."
Hrief credits reduce customers, the risks
and the profits, "near" actualities.
The cash system, or 110 credits, places the
"country trade" on a firm foundation. Then
every family pays its way. It creates a value
received transaction. Jobbers are morally
safe, so long as their customers sell for
cash ; while the system "guarantees" "punctuality"
along the line. Productive agriculture
requires a reduction of country credits
down along to an exclusive cash system.
Credits and commerce go hand in hand.
The trade require and are entitled to ered;?a
?u in.?1?11- " *
i iu.-, v>? ?" -jhwuiu uc uaiiKiiuit'. or ai least
payable at bank, and where such are inapplicable,
transactions should be strictly for
cash. Then the resourcesfor "punctuality"
would be reliable.
In rural districts, '"long credits" tend directly
to "lessi-n productionfor so long
as "creditir" will provide for the wants of a
family, men idle away their time; but "pay
.your way" avoids a mortgage, improves the
farm, and adds to fortune.
So long as railroad bondsand millionaire
speculator's wants are in the market at from
one to four per cent, a month, risks 'lto depress
business" will be taken, and operations
must run down until we recover by "production,"
under an improved syBtem of
'credit.
Country merchants' "huainfisa" must. v?nv
their paper promptly. When we reach this,
and men "live by their business" the country
will bo "soundly" prosperous. Short of it,
there must be more or less humbug.
We are going along to stability, and
shall reach h "platform by-and-bye ; "not
the Buffalo," but one from which "we can
all start fair" but it is a hard road to travel.
The "coan/ry" has yet to boar the
weight of this disastrous revulsion.
"No Credit" is a great economizer. It
lessens wants, adds to industry, cultivates
simple habits, and improves the household.
It '.'ploughs deep and hoes well."
Tliat this movement may meet "general
favor," uniting a fiearty co-operation from
the country, is the earnest desire of "twen
ty-five years' experience" by "A Country
merchant" yet in the trade?v C. G. H.
' Casting a "Devil" oat of Charch.
W* are indebted to our friend, J. M. Elite,*
of Marietta, Ohio; for the following
graphic sketch. We are assured that the
facts transpired substantially as narrated.
aA Methodist clergyman who lias_. been
laboring in this vicinity, was not long since
preaching'to his people on the miraculous
power of the Apostles over the demoniac
spirits of their day. As he was pufsQing
his theme, tho audience wetesuddenly start*
led by a voice from someone in th'noohgre|
gat ion, Remanding, in a half quarreQoiui,
nan auinontative tone, W ?iy <Jon't preach 6rJ?;
do such thirigs now-a-days !' Tr? an instant
every eye in the house was turned up<5rt:the
individual who had the effrontery thus to
invade the sacred no* of thmf sanctuary;
'"The spealcjir'^aused for a moment, and
of the duStlqner! 5f1w0 waa^n interval
df broken at last by the;
speaker.in resuming his subject,* Hft h?d
^Ot,procc?ded far with his remarks,- before
and fastening one band firmly upon the collar
of his coat, the other on the waistband
of his 'unmentionables,' lifted him square
out of the seat, and bore him down the
nisle to the entrance. Pausing for a moment
there, he turned his eyes upon his audience,
and in a clear full voice, said, "nnrl iliov
cast out the devil in the form of a distiller,"
and suiting tho action to the word, out
went the knight of the mush-tub, a la leap
frog fashion, into the street.
"The good pastor quietly returned to his
desk, and completed his discourse. After
closing the services, as be was passing out
of the church, the out-cast distiller, with an
officer of the law, escorted our clerical, friend
to the office of a magistrate, to answer for
an assUulL upon the person of said distiller.
After hearing tho case, the magistrate dismissed
the clergyman, and after roundly
reprimanding the complainant,fined him for
molesting the services of the sanctuary.
"Since that day we believe he has never
for a moment doubted the power of Methodist
preachers to cast out devils, at least
withiu'tlie limits of the Oliio Conference."
Binghumpton, (iV. Y.) March 1.
v The Court of Claims.
One of the most important bills which
has passed Congress within our remembrance.
received the final sanction of the
legislative branch yesterday. We refer to
the bill to establish a Court of Claims, to
which we ventured not long since to invoke
the favor of the House of Representatives,
with which it then rested. The bill wns
owed up yesterday Ht a favorable moment,
and, the friends of it wisely abstaining from
debate, it was forthwith passed by a large
majority. We should not be surprised if it
saves one fourth part of the sessions of Congress
now i pent in tho examination and
discussion of claims. It will, however, operate
beu< ficcutlf in a variety of ways. It
will not '.lily secure to just claims an early
hearing and prompt settlement, but it will
{jet rid of the inti-rminable renewal of unfounded
ones, and thus save the time of
Congress from being wasted vear nftor year
in the yexamination of rejected claims.
fhcT>ill gives jurisdiction to the Court
to hear and determine all claims founded
UDOU anv laws of Conrrress. or nnnn nnw
^ / ? "* J
regl ulation of an Executive Department, or
upon any contract, express or implied, with
the Government of the United States, and
all claims referred by either House of Congress.
The testimony in all cases is to be
reported to Congress, and all upon which
favorable decisions are given are to be accompanied
with a bill or bills to carry them
into efFect, and with briefs from the solicitor
of the Bonrd and from the claimant.
It will be thus seen that the Court is to
perform the work now laboriously but imperfectly
done by committees, and Congress
is to revise the whole and act - upon
the subjects.; presented, as at present. ' On
many subjectfeain opinion well matured by
the Court will serve as the basis of action
on all and similar cases; and there will not
perhaps be so many inconsistencies in legislation
asat present, when the success or fail
ure of a measure depends in a great degree
upon the mood in which one House or the
other niay happen to be found when the
vote is taken. At all events there is a probability
of a more mature investigation than
by the present mode, rtiid it is to be hoped
we shall hear but little more of what is
deemed worse than the "law's delay," the
pendency of claims before Congress of half
a century's duration.?Wat, Intelligencer.
A Lesson.?There-was once an old man
whose eyes had become, dim and his ears
deaf. When he sat.at the dinner table, he
could hardly hold his Bpoon, so that sometimes
he spilt bis soup on tlio cloth. His
son and daughter-in-law yrere , much displeased
at this ; at last they made their old
father sit.iif a corner behin(Hhe stove* and
gave him food in a little earthen plate. He
...i __ r."> _i.:.?*'* ? ?v
never goi as mucu as no couia eai,'and 116
would often look toward^ the table jvith w$t,
longing oyee. ' .
One day liis shaking hands let the little
dish full, nnd it was broke. Tha woman
scolded, but lie aaidpothing;he only wghed.
They then brought* wooden trpy glr
for'brm. Once , he was wttinv ,tBa< in the
corner, bis- .fiule grandchild,about .four
yearn old, was playing on this flotff n^r him
W!thvaome pfe*$ea>of wood;
"WhotW^
- . ,-v. " . " m '
A Fact for the Times.
A wealthy gentleman, now deceased, but
formerly a valued citizen and sagacious
country merchant of our District, who had
sold out (under judgments in his favor) the
little farms of many a poor man in his neigh- <
borliood, declared h few years before liis i
death, to a friend of ours, that he had been I
?oo hard on the poor, with reference to his i
own pecuniary gain. He'said he had not
a doubt, but that he would have been belter i
off, as to property, himself, if ho had dead 1
morn lenieniln imimiJa Ii?k 1 r 1
?v Pig WVVIVIOI JULt5 plU* 1
ceeded to explain, that if instead of selling I
out his poof neighbor's land, to pay tho ac- J
count the poor neighbor had contracted j
with him at his store, he had indulged those i
neighbors and given them time to pay, as
they might be able, they could have worked
along el little at the time, aud continuing to 1
trade with him. But by pushing them for '
their little vdebts, lie had caused them to be
sold out, arid'that in very many cases, in order
to try to sitye bis debt, he would bid off
their land.?In this way, while he accumu- !
lated on his hands a vast body of land, that
he could not turn to any profit, he lost by
removals, so many of his neighbors, that his
mercantile business wai so seriously curtail
ed, tliat he was an actual loser by (ho oper- \
ation.
Such was the experience of one who had
few superiors in practical wisdom, and whom
the world called sagacious and shrewd. His '
experience as related by himself, not many '
years before his death, to a friend of our?. !
who related it to us, is full of wisdom, that
might be heeded*to advantage by some at
the present day.?Carolina Spartan. m ,
China.?Dates from Hong Kong to Jan- '
linrv 1 wmi-ocnnto *1?A ' %# ' ? a_ I- ' l i
?.j ?VH.. .v^.wviua uiub i/uu iiiaurgvillij UL'IU J
Cannot in seige and have command of the 1
whole river, their fleet having gained several 1
victor.es over the imperial fleet. Consequently
tiieir supplies were cut oft*. Provisions,
especially rice, were rising rapidly. A !
fight took place at Wampoa in the presence .
ot' the Americau and English war ship.
The foreign ships was considerably damaged *
by the guus of the belligerants. The En- (
glish and Americau commanders had drawn !
a line around the factories, and notified nil, 1
that no hostilities would be permitted to '
'take place within it.
Shanghai dates to the 1st of January give
an account of a difficulty which arose be- ,
iween mo insurgents and authorities of j
Shanghai and the French, whereupon Admi- ,
rat Laguene, with the ships Jean and Cot- (
hert, bombarded the city, which, ere this,
probably surrendered, or had been stormed, j
The insurgents "liad met with reverses to ,
the east of Pekin. Amoy was quiet. 1
Cajjtain Adams had arrived from England,
and would procccd to Japan with the rati- ,
fication of the treaty. .
i? * m . . n- j
The Blue Itidoe Railroad.?The Pick- i
ens Courier of the l^th inst saya: fy .5
"The affairs of this Road are in about j
the same condition as when we penned our
last article.?From a friend, who arrived 011
VTnnrlott lnof A ?1
juji iiulu uiinimiuii, v?c icaru uiai
Mr.Gourdin, the President of the Road, still
continues to refuse to pay tlife contractors ; |
and, unless the difficulty is adjusted in a i
short time, a law suit and vexatious delays \
will be the result. The work, in the mean' )
time, is progressing slowly, 'there being bo- <
tween three aqd four hundred hands nt work i
in Anderson and Pickens.
_ "Mr. Gourdi.n, we understand, expresses
hia determination to prosecute tlie work vig- i
oroualy, when be shall have been relieved j
from the present difficulty, and we have i
great confidence in bis integrity and ability. 1
Mauy are auxious to take contracts at the I
former rates, and woifld do* bo, w ere the re 1
no difficulties in the way". , ; ;j
We are pleased t<?. lgarn by a gentleman ?
just fr^m Char lest off, that' wha tever "di ffieul;
ties may have existed, tliey,: have1 been ad- j
jnsted by asottlement'iR^rding ^^matCa, 1
Wd tlw,work on the/ItefwJ will -.be pushed j
/nrimwl 1. Mi TVmm ' *' *V ' ''' -1
Thb Law and C^netitimok.^Airibnij (
|ihotVviptow ^^^bingtott is Judge Will- \
iaroson, of ftrapv commonly kno^p'iiew
-Judjge Willey .was once preswwg m St ,
Augustine douhfjV when a lejpa bully
tempted to ThompRon ba*i j
ingsucceeded'In picking a ju*y}to sutohl* .
p^pofles, t^rued Watteutiontotbe cougj. |
^Ijj^
A Formidable Undertaking.?A cotemporary
puts the tobacco question into
the following shape: "Suppose a tobaccochewer
is addicted to the habit of chewing
tobacco fifty years of his life, and that each
day of that time he consumes two inches
of solid plug, it amounts to six thousand
Tour hundred and seventy-five feet, making
nearly one mile and a quarter in length of
iolid tobacco, half an inch thick and two _
wn/l nt? 1 * *'
,..vuw vivnui iwii, mini, vruuiu me young
beginner think if he had the whole amount
stretched out before him, and were told that
to chew (it would be one of the exercises of
[lis life, and also that it would tax.his income
to the amount of two thousand and
ninety-four dollars ?"
^ 1 ? '? ~
It has been, discovered that a keeper of
n lager beer cellar in the Bowery, New-York,
for tne purpose of evading the law requir-"
ing him to close his place on Sunday, has
been in the habit of holding pretended religious
services therein, officiating himself .
as the leader of ceremonies. He takes the
Bible, reads a chapter or two, serves each 1
of his hearers with a glass of beer, and
takes up a collection. As the Constitution
probably did not contemplate so much liberty
of conscience, the arrangement will be
interfered with by the police.
Sentenced to be Hung.-1?His Honor, -'
Judge Holt on Saturdav FTnr,??
J. Keener, convicted at the late term, of the;/
murder of James Reese, to be hung oh
Friday, the 20th of April. * - ,
The reason of the delay in passing sen-: . /
Lence was, to afford the counsel for the pris- ;
aner an opportunity to be heard on amotion . '
for a new trial, which the Court refbsed to
^rant. The application for a new trial will
rjow' be taken to the Supreme Court, which V ,
will be heard in June.?Augusta Sentinel. - V*
The venerable. Peter Pickleby said to his
ion Jabez, "Read;-your Bible?study the
aws of Moses,and don't repeal any of tbem.
Wind the Ten" Commimds, tu, and the Elev?nth
likewise?and don't sell the birthright
>f a Yankee nation for a mess of. potash ;
?nd the day may kum when -you 11 be ft " <?
minister of the penitentiary, or a secretray
af newffation.n . > '
Weigh your Letters.?A correspondent
if the Carolinian suggest* that all writer* :
should weigh their letters before dropping
.hem in the post-office, becaus6inr
weight of a letter should exceed half an *.
ounce, and there is only threecenta paid on
it, (lie Postmaster is not authorized to mail
it. If you wnnt a letter lo go, be sure you" V;
pay for a "through ticket."'"
* i . .> -.-aP ; j
BouNTrvLAKD.~Thirty days . wa? the
shortest.service for which bounty land. wa? " ?,
granted undor the Acta of 1850,u IjMt no?r H .1.
fourteen days, (or le? if, theijpartyhas been
in battle,) ^ntitj^:^ik>(di|emt6'aY$l>ih^^;^;.:; V.
It is said Warrants. wUllhqt.;^ vii?u5w '^ill ; _
about'the first of July/ Appliea^ona, h6\*eY-r> ."
ar, cah bo made in the meaiitime, . .
^ I A - '* .I'" - .
WHAT IT . COBTB.?Arr-mvlttn*
Bright, member of tbe
the eosta'to England 'of maintaining an'ar^ r;
roament in the field, or on the water, is jSl,OOO
per ipari :pfer.ryear; ten'
inch shells thrown bjr the allies itfthe sieg^v
of Sevastopol^cos^it, is aaid *25,^^
*1 - - ^ ^
AT^airs IN
earthquakes had for
country, and the night of thekl.8tby *
the City reeled'to' and fr^'like a^p uporf^^fe
the billow. jThe political affaire of^the oouttv
tr^ieem-tb-Ie-itt ft
.um.
JL _ Z ^ ^'...V
H^Hhk ' 1