TSE S?MTER WATCHJIAN, Est; CONSOLIDATED AUG. 2,1 THAN EVER * House of Commons r~ Gives Vote of Confi dence After Expla nation of Genoa I;:' Policy London, May 25 (By the Asso ciated Press).?Once again Uoyd . George appeared in the house of ? commons today to render as prime minister an account of "his stew ardship at Genoa, and once again after a carefully worded statement, an eloquent rehuttal of criticism --directed against him, he received the support of the house in w^iat is considered the equivalent of an # other vote of confidence. The house by an overwhelming majority of 235 to 26 rejected an i - v amendment moved by Rupert ! ^Gwinne, Unionist, to the motion on which the debate was based as a means of expressing the dissatis faction of the house with the pre-; ii miner's exposition. Mr. Gwinne had j been most vehement in his denun-! ci?tions of the government, assert- j ing that the premier had spoken ] x only of what might have happen ed and net what really did happen V, there. For an hour and a half the pre mier gave a calm exposition of the conference proceedings, to which the veteran, Herbert A. Asquith, the j Labor Leader, John Robert Clynes, ^ and Lord Robert Cecil replied, criti- ! cising the six weeks* session at Ge- | noa as having accomplished little or nothing toward the rehabilitation j of Europe. Cheers and Shoots. The criticism aroused the premier and h ethundered .answers towards the opposition benches. After a spirited scene in the crowded house, amid handclapping and shouting at ? the passage between the premier and Lord Robert Cecil, Lloyd George's second speech ended dra matically a*? he silenced the'house .and solemn:y proclaimed a policy of cooperation wi h the French democracy. There were loud cheers as he resumed?..his _S?at. . ?- The debate which" followed' the prfme nHnisf. r's speech brought many allusions to the relations be tween: England and France, which are^exciting greater contentious ; ^ff^elings between the different sec **? tions of the house tfciW even the policy towards Russia. Lloyd George dsplayed great impatience with / ^ those critics, who advocated* going V; -along without France, as he ex claimed. "You can not settle the repara tions question unless you carry the judgment of France along with you, and you can not do that by flout ing the Versailles treaty and try ing to ignore France." Mr. Asquith, who spoke after the premier's recital of the Genoa events, thought Mr. Lloyd George had provided the Bolsheviks with high authorityfor the principle that a basis for conservative society in ? Russia might be found in the adop tion of a policy of confiscation. He contended that the Genoa confer ence had resulted in nothing of im ?? portance except the truce pact, but the real fact was that a more solemn and enduring'pact had al ready been entered into by all those nations except Germany and Russia > 1n the covenant of ' he league ot na tions. Criticism by CeciL Lord Robert Cecil's criticisms were mostly concerned with the * United States and France, and also .with- the private conversations at Genoa. He urged that if there was % any possible way to comply with the conditions laid down in the United States government for par ticipation in the Hague confer 4 ence it should be done. He con sidered the relations between Eng land and France worse than be fore the conference and appealed to the house not to undertake the grave danger of a breach with France. Mr. Lloxd George declared that such conversations were essential to any great affair. The Washington conference could never have ar rived at such a triumphal conclu sion but for the fact that Balfpur and Secretary Huhges and the Jap anese delegates had had constant private conversations before enter ing the full conference. . Lord Robert suggested it might be possible to get the United States into the conference even if it were necessary to tittison The Hague meeting and arrange some eco nomic conference which the United States might be willing to join. Amid considerable uproar. Com mander Kenworthy shouted, "What is your policy?" *T desire, to work with the de mocracy of France," the premier replied decisively. Of America he said: "We have invited, pleaded and used every method except force to get Amer ica to Genoa and likewise to The Hague. If the noble lord can do anything more we welcome his as sistance." ? ? ? Birr-;ngham. Ala.. May 26.? Eleven miners, five of which were white, were killed in an explosion in the Alabama Fuel and Iron company's mine here today. iblished April, 1850. .881,_ NEW PROPOSAL TO COMPLETE MUSCLE SHOALS __^V_ 1 ? House Military Com-j mittee Follows Plan! Closely Laid Out byj the Ford Offer ! Washington, May 27?A proposal for the development of the Muscle Shoals properties was agreed upon by the house military committee. The Gorgas steam plant it is under stood to have been eliminated but in other respects the plan followed closely the terms offered by Henry Ford. The proposal represents the plan to be submitted by the commit tee to all persons interested regard less of whether they have made an offer for the properties. The Ford representative left for Detroit to i submit the plan to Ford. Washington, May 2G (By the As- j aociated Press).?A plan for de velopment of the government's ni trate arid power projects at Muscle Shoals, Ala., was virtually com pleted today by the house military | committee.* In many respects it conforms to that submitted by Henry Ford, but contains certain modifications of the Ford proposals: which, in the opinion of some I members, makes the scheme the j work of the committee. One important alteration of the j Ford offer, it was understood, elim- ! inateslihe steam power plant atj Gorgas, Ala., from the projects j enumerated as belonging properly to the Muscle Shoals group. Who ever may ultimately acquire con-1 trol dt the shoals projects, nitrate plants, water power sites, includ ing the Wilson dam, the subpower stations and other properties, it was said, would not have posses- j sion of the Gorgas plant. . Another committee provision j would compel the purchaser or lessee to manufacture fertilizer j and sell to the public throughout the period of the contract, wheth er for 50 or 100 years. The mini mum production would be calculat ed on 40,000 tons of ammonium ni- j ; trates. the estimated maximum j capacity of plant Xo. 2 per year.! This was represented as being j equivalent to 2,000,000 tons of! finished fertilizers annually* ' ?? Chairman Kahn called represen- j I tatives of the bidders into confer- I , ence today, advised of the com-j I mittee*s >plan and ' requested that ; f-they inform the committee ?s J quickly as possible whether the de- 1 I tails were acceptable to their prin cipals. ? Those invited included spokes-! men for Henry Ford,. Thomas W. i Martin, president of the Alabama Power company; Frederick E. Engstrum and Marion Butler, -who represented the offer of Mr. Eng- 1 strum, and Charles L. Parsons. Three requirements had been approved by the committee which would have to be accepted by any purchaser, lessee or user of the shoals properties before the com mittee consented to advocate the final agreement, it was said. Also it was explained the committee plan could be accepted by any in dividual or interest which com plied with the terms fixed upon and was not subject to acceptance by the bidders to the rejection of oth ers who might come forward with propositions more favorable to the e-overnment. < The three essential requirements were thjju the properties at Mus cle Shoals should be subject to the absolute right and control of the government at all times for the production of nitrates or other ammunition components or mu nitions of war and that nitrate plant Xo. 2 must be kept available for such usage. That the bidders obligate them selves under strict terms' to man ufacture and sell fertilizers in time of peace to the public. That the Gorgas steam plant be excepted from the properties at Muscle Shoals which should be de veloped collectively. The Ford and Engsrtum pro posals, it was pointed out, were the only two which provided for development of all the projects. BIG FIRE AT M'CORMICK Greenwood Fire Department Called On For Help j McCormick, May 27.?Fire which j began after midnight is destroying ? much of the business section of Mc Cormick. The flames began in Fooshee's furniture store, which is a total loss. The People's bank building, which is the principal office build ing in the town, and the postoffice seem doomed at 1 o'clock this morning. The Greenwood tire de partment has been called to help fight the flames. Harmon's wan - house and the telephone exchange are in danger. Those suffering losses are: Peo ple's bank. Fooshee's furniture store. Faulkner Bros, grocery and the postoffiee. The following ofliees in People's bank building: Joseph Murray, at torney; Ross & Owens, attorneys; F. A. Wise, attorney; Dr. Carl Har mon and Dr. K. G. Killingsworth. Rome. May 27?Four violent earthquakes occurred today in the vicinity of Terni, about fifty miles north of Rome, causing terror to the population over an area of sev eral miles. Xo reports of damage have been raceived this afternoon. "Be Just and Fear : LABOR BOARD CUTS WAGES; j - More Than Forty-! eight Millions Taken J I From Pay Rolls Cut of Five Cents an Hour for Four Hun dred Thousand Em ployees Chicago, May 28 (By the As>o-t elated Press).?More than $4S( 000,000 - as slashed from the wages; of 400.000 railway employees in a decision,by the United States i\\il- i road labor board tonight. The de- j creases, which averaged five cents i per hour in the majority, followed I cuts of $400,000,000 made last ! July by the board. Today's de- j cision. however, affects mostly maintenance of way workers, al-l though decisions are pending af- J fecting other classifications. If the wage cuts made in the lat est decision are extended to other j decisions expected soon, it was.! pointed out in railway circ! s, i much of the $600,000,000 increase j given by the board in 1920 will ; be wiped out and wages restored i to a level which, railway officials j have told the board, will lead to a new era of development and open j the way to the employment of 200,- i 000 men. The decision was signed' by the j three railway members of the board and the three members represent ing the public. A dissenting opin ion was tiled by the three members j representing the labor group. The i majority opinion said that the wage! cuts effective on July 1, were made j I in accordance with decreases in j the cost of living. The minority: opinion contended that the wage j j scale provided in the decision was j j insufficient to sustain life on the | i basis of American standards. WAGE CUT WILL BE REJECTED j ? (Decision of Railroad Labor I Board to Be Submitted to i ! Brotherhood Chicago. May 20.?Immediate j consideration of last night's order : by the railroad labor board reduc-i ing wages of maintenance of way J [ employes from one to five cents per : hour and totalling forty-eight mil- ; lion dollars a year, effective July 1st, is in prospect by the execu tive council of the United Brother- i hood of Maintenance of Way Em ! ploy es. The decision, it is bcMeyed, j will be rejected when it is submit j ted to a vote. Masonic Temple For Beautiful Capital Site! I Order Plans Magnificent i Building on Nine-acre Tract j in Northwest Washington j Washington. May 26. ? (Capital | News Service).?In the very heart j of the most exclusive and beauti-: ful residential section of north west Washington, D. C. lies the | "Dean tract" of land, nine acres! in extent, covered with magnificent | trees, and the most coveted andi eagerly desired piece of land in ; all the District of Columbia. It j was recently purchased by The i Women's Foundation to preserve it. from real estate aggression. Now the tract has been sold to the Masonic fraternity of the Dis trict, which will erect upon it a temple to cost one or more mil lion dollars. The land was pur chased for a consideration under stood to be $90,000, and is amply I large enough to permit the erec- I tion of several temples should such be found desirable. Civic authorities are loud in ! their praise of The Women's I i foundation, which declined to per j mit the beautiful park to he cut up into building lots or disposed of to anyone for any purpose what soever until a pledge was matte to preserve for the city the majority ! of the magnificent trees which i grow upon the land, j When the plans as made are realized, the Nation's Capital will have something seldom or never seen in fraternal buildings? a i great temple adequately and com pletely surrounded by broad lawns j and wooded areas. Some of the i most magnificent buildings in the] j world ar<- in America, it is pointed ' out, and among the most beautiful I are several with no foreground orj background, the wonderful Penn- j isylvania Railroad station in New, York city, the Woolworth build ing, and the * 'it y Hail in Phila ; delphia being cases in point. I CHANG'S SOLDIERS DESERT - I Hail.in. .Manchuria. May 2!'?: j The soldiers of General C1 >ng Tso I Lin along the Chinese Eastern rail road have mutinied and declared j in favor of General Wu Pei-Ku. who defeated Chang in the recent l>;ii-, ties around Peking. Almost the entire railroad is in the hands of the] revolting troops. Sometimes it looks as if the! human cat also had nine lives. Vot?Tx*t all tlic ends Thou Aitns't ; Sumler, S. C, Wednc Littk Mother; Typical scene In Warsaw and kitchens are feeding thousands ev mother is given one meal a day. PRISON FOR LONDONEDITOR Horatio Bottomley, Member of Parlia ment Sentenced to Seven Years London. May 20?Horatio Bot tomley. former publisher of .lohn Bull, has been found guilty of the charge of misappropriation of funds belonging to the Victory Bond Club and sentenced to seven years penal servitude. NEW HOME FOR STATE FAIR Columbia. May 27.?A com plete new home, with the excep tion of the steel building, the main entrance and the location, is what the South Carolina state fair will boast when plans of C. C. Wilson. Columbia architect, are executed; This program of revision has been adopted and when visitors to the 11(22 exhibition pass through the turnstiles they will see a much changed place. A'l of these improvements will not come in one year but before the next fair many changes will ? ike place, and by the 1923 exhibi tion the management hopes to have them all completed. Summed up the plans call for: Shrubs and flowers in well laid out places and courts; hard surfaced walks and roadways: four new ex hibition buildings. 100 by 200 feet; removal of the midway from pres ent location to the place now oc cupied by athletic held and wo man's building: destruction of wo man's building: new athletic field seating about 10,000 persons to be built on Bluff road end of present race track: cutting race track to half mile and banking it as it has never been banked before: new cat tle and fowl barns; removal of un sightly lunch stands that have so long spotted the grounds; free parking space for automobiles in old midway section: new a?-- na. In other words the management has adopted plans which will .uLlize all of the fair association's 102 acres and will give the ground the appearance of an exposition's home rather than that of a fair. It is hoped to put the fair on a par with the great fairs of the Xcrth and West and improved exhibition facilities are necessary in the de velopment. one of the first improvements will b.- the erection of the athletic held; the removal of the midway it> the old athletic Held site; and the establishment of the free pa ?'Ic ing space. The race track will be in shape for the 11*22 races and the barns will be improved. For the present the four new exhibition buildings vtill not he erected; ihoy will he built next year. The land scape gardener will get to work on his job of beautifying 'he grounds and will have them "a beauty to be hold" by i >ci ober. The plan is pari of the new of ficial's determination to revive the fair and put it on a bigger plane. .\ campaign will be put on for 4, 000 more life members at each and this $100.1100 will he used. It. M. Cooper, Jr., the president says, entirely for these improvements. There are ::t present 1,400 life members of the fair society. The effort to get these new members will be made this summer and the fair officials believe that the re sponse will be so enthusiastic that the improvement work will start in a short i inn*. New York. .May 2.'i ?.Miss Mathil de McCormiek. of Chicago, whose engagement to Max Oser. a Swiss riding master has been announced, will sail for I hn ope tomorrow, she said today, but refused to answer any questions. Savannah. May 20- William Boyd a negro, of Brent wood, was shot and burned to death today. He was accused of Jedling B. W. Moody, a farmer. ;it he thy Country's. Thy Cod's and isday, May 31, 1022 5 of Warsaw other Polish cities where American rery day. Each child and nurslcs BONUS BILL ON ITS WAY j Majority of Senate Finance Committee ; Endorse McCumber Bill I Washinfrron. May 2??-The Mc Cumber soldier's bonus plan appar ; entry commanded a majority in the j senate finance committee, but a ti j nal vote was deferred until Wednes i day to give senators time to con j aider the amendments. MANYTRUCK SHIPMENTS i _________ I Andrews Farmers Satisfied With Prices Received " Andrews. May 24.?For the past ten days the farmers of this sec tion have been busy gathering their bean crop for shipment to the Northern markets. Thirteen cars of leans have already been ship ped, and tills week will close with the shipment of the last ear lot. Weather conditions for the past few days have delayed the gather ing and marketing of white po tatoes; Aliou '"our hundred acres of beans and two hundred acres of Irish potatoes were planted in this section this season. The planting Of beans as a truck crop lias been profitable. Those who planted are j satisfied with the prices they have (received. One fanner.in this sec jtion will clear about > 1,?<>ut much appre ciated gift makes il possible for I he board to erect a building on anoth er site i hat will probably be larg er and superior in many ways to the new Charleston high school building now Hearing completion on rtutledge avenue. The new vo cational school will be a notable addition to local educational facili ties. Truth's." PREDICTS COTTON S If the Expected Trade: Developments Ma-j terializes More Cot-i ton Will Be Needed1 Washington, May ?Convie- [ tion that \s?nl?l prosperity could; be re-established within the next j lew years "provided that govern- j ments are wise in the actions they; take or their refusals to take ac-j tion in regard to economic restora- j lion of other nations," was express- , ed tonight by Sir Auckland Geddes. j .British ambassador to the United i States, at the annual banquet of) ?he American Cotton Manufaetur- ; els' association. Sir Auckland emphasized hU: hope for closer Anglo-American \ cooperation not only for the sake; of the two countries, "hut as a means to the greater end of co operation between the nationals of all nations." "Only in that way." he continued, ; "will we he able to secure the at- j mosphere necessary to the complete i restoration of economic prosperity. | We (Great Britain) are convinced; that if any nation is to he. really i prosperous, no nation van be left: 10 wallow in starvation ami ruin.", Tin- ambassador declared that' the British people'have no dearer ] wish that they might go forward; as "friends and cooperators" with America. Incidentally, he said, there was a wide impression in: England that if the expected trade i development materialized, there I would he a shortage of American j raw cotton. DAIRYMEN HAVE PINE PROGRAM Dovesville, May 2fc?The pro-i gram of the annual meeting of the! South Carolina Dairymen's Asso ciation, which is to he held here on the farm of James L. Mclntosh, j June 15, Is taking definite shape, says J. P. .I.aMasier. secretary of the association, who announces that the features of the program j will he three addresses by noted, authorities on different phases of: the dairy business, a judging den?-, onstrati?n of dairy cattle, and a I picnic dinner. The three visiting' specialists who will make addresses j are as follows: J. Dr. J. F. be Vine, Goshen, j X. Y.. who will discuss "Abortion; Disease and its Control." Dr. De Vine is a practical veterinarian who has attained remarkable sue-1 eess in controlling this most! troublesome disease, ami with thej beginning of a real dairy cattle j business in South Carolina, it is for tunate that he has been secured,) for an ounce of prevention if worth; a pound of cure. :'. Dr. Edward B. Meigs, of thej Government Experiment Farm,! Beltsville, Md., on "The Lime lie-j cittirements of the Dairy Cow." Dr. l ; Meigs has had charge of the gov-j ernment work on determining the; possibility of supplementing home-; grown and purchased dairy rations; with minerals so vital in mainten ance of the cow's health and the; production of milk. As most of ourj soils are deficient in lime, this is an important matter with our; dairymen. :;. Mr. E. G. Cherbonnier, St! Louis, Mo., on "Practical Lessons in Feeding the Dairy Cow for Ecu-j nomical Production." He has had! experience with feeding problems j all over the Cited Stales and will give valuable information on what.; when and how much to feed. In addition to the addresses and, discussions there will be a cow judging demonstration by an ex-' pert using the fine herd of Mr. Mc-' Intosh as malc-rial. A social feature will be the pic nic dinner with, an abundance of, j good things to eat. ami while dairymen and farmers from all parts of the state are urged and: expected .o attend, the farmers ofj the immediate section of the stste; are especially Invited to attend and' ? i bring basket dinners. BIGHAM CASE STATUS ????_ ? I Florence, May 2'>. The supreme! I court has reaffirmed the verdict ot the lower court in the case of Ed-j mund P. Bigham. who is under sen-' tence of death for the murder of his brother. Smiley Bighahl. In dictments exist against Bigham for the murder also of four other; members of his family. A. L. King, attorney for Bigham. stated today that he would not carry the ca Senator, Borah, of Idaho, for alleged brutali ties upon American soldiers in Rus sia, can not he deported according to the commissioner of immigra tion. the tbct: sor TO GERMANY No Loan Will Be Ap proved Until Repar ations Are Paid and Suitable Guarantees Given Paris, .May 20 (By the Associat ed Press).?Tim committee of in ternational hankers in .session here this evening served notice on Ger many that further consideration of $1,000,000.000 loan to the Ger man government is.virtually out of the Question until Germany ac cepts in full the conditions of the ultimatum of the reparations com mission, which expires May 31, and also gives adequate guaran tees that the inflation of Germany's currency will be stopped imme diately. The commitee then de cided to adjourn until May .r>l to await ihe decision of Germany. The conclusion of the bankers was arrived at during their meeting tltis afternoon which was attended by Karl Bergmann as representa tive of Germany. Herrmann im mediately telephoned the decision of the bankers to Berlin. In reparations circles tonight the view was advanced that the action of tiie financiers probably would re sult in complete acceptance by Ger many of all their conditions; It was further stated that acquies cence by Germany in the repara tions commission's conditions prob ably would be productive of a loan of more than $1,000,000,000 since the bankers have determined that a large loan could be arranged under these circumstances. The financiers completed their in quiry into the state of Germany's tinances at this afternoon's session ami ii was explained ihat they had reached a point where Germany's guarantees must be forthcoming be fore the committee could discuss the details of a loan, the security for it and many other points. The fact that the international bankers have been able to see good possibilities for a loan, provided Germany subscribes to certain con ditions is regarded very optimisti cally in reparations quarters where, it was pointed out tonight that the German government could hardly afford to do otherwise than agree. K. of P. Grand Lodge Guilds is Elected Grand Chancellor?Building For J Pythians ???? j Spartanburg, May 24. ? The Grand Lodge of Knights of Pythias of South Carolina today elected J. c. Guilds, president of Columbia College its grand chancellor. Fol lowing are the other officers elect ed at the closing session of the an nual convention: James H. Craig, of Anderson, former sfate bank j examiner, grand vice chancellor; John M. Hemphill. of Chester, grand prelate; C. !.>. Brown, of Abbeville, grand keeper of records and seal: Governor Wilson G. Harvey, grand master of the ex chequer : E. D. Lemacks, of Wal terboro, grand master at-arms: W. \). Murph. of Spartanburg. grand inner guard: Abe Drill, of Spartanburg, grand outer guard. Aiken was selected as the next convention city, the session to start on the fourth Tuesday in May. Tin- new grand chancellor suc ee eds Henry C. Tillman. of Green wood. Today the grand lodge ap pointed a committee which will be known as the South Carolina Py-1 thian building committee. It will j arrange for the construction of a ten-story office building in Colum bia, the cost to be $250,000. The stoc k will be held by the mem bers of the order. The ground iloor will be rented on: to store keepers. The next eight stories will he for offices and the tenth fioor will be used as lodge rooms for Co lumbia fraternal orders. Tin- grand: keeper of records and seal, the South. Carolina Knights of Pythias! will maintain a permanent office.] Fireproof vaults will be construct-' ed to house the records of the grand lodge. McLeod For Governor j Thomas G. McLeod, of > Bishopville, Announces | His Intention to Seek Nomination Dishopville, May 20.?Thos. G. McLeod of this place said this afternoon that he will be in the race this summer for governor. Uecently numer ous requests have been made of Mr. McLeod that he offer for the office and it is in re sponse to these requests that he enters the contest. Mr. McLeod is well known throughout tin state, tie was Ib-utenant governor and has had extensive legislative ex perience. He is an able stump speaker and will make an aggressive campaign. Inventing excuses doesn't bring any royalty. THRON, Established June 1, 1H66. VOL. HI NO. 31 HENRY J. ! McLAURIN ILLS SELF Shot Himself With Gun in Bath Room of Home About Noon To-day Henry J. McLaurin, in a fit* of despondency abotit noon Saturday, committed suicide in the bath room of his home on Church street. - He used a double-barrel shotgun, loaded with buck shot, placing the muzzle of the gun against his right side, and death was instantaneous. Despondency over continued and hopeless ill healtn is the cause as signed for the act. Mr. McLaurin was one of the best known business men of Sum ter, having been one of th ^ lead ing lumbermen of this section and was one of those largely inctru mental in making Sumter known throughout the county as a lumber center. He was the eldest son of the late Dr. H. J. McLaurin and was born at Wedgefield, and wa? fifty-three years old. He has lived in Sumter since hoyhood and was the schoolmate and friend of a ma jority of the middle age men of this city. He was active in busino-s* ness and public affairs from early"" manhood until stricken with a se rious illness several years ago, at which time his life was despaired of. After spending months in hos pitals and sanitariums he regained a measure of health, and has/been, able in recent months to give some attention to his business atfiars. He, was elected and served several terms as alderman of the city of Sumter under the old aldermanic form, prior to the adoption of the commission form of city govern ment. He was a member of the First Presbyterian church and a member of the board of deacons. He is survived by~his wife* two sons and a daughter and a large family connection. % WOFF?RD STUDENT DROWNED D. B. Rhodes Loses Life When in Swimming- Soon After Lunch Spartanburg, May 26.?D.' B. Rhodes, a student at Wofford col lege, member of the freshman class and substitute halfback on last year's footb"ill team, was drowned, at Cleveland Park lake here this afternoon. He was a son of J. E. : Rhodes of Estill, Hampton county, and before coming to Wofford was a student at the Carlisle Fit ting school at Bamberg. Rhodes with his roommate and a party of Woftord students went to* the park immediately after dinaer today and one after another dived, into the lake from a concrete bridge to swim across to the diving tower. When he had gone half the distance he was seen to throw up both hands and sink, but for the moment his companions gave his disappearance no consideration, thinking he had dived. His body never came'to the surface again until it was recovered 2se Thom as, a negro, had virtually ceased. Thomas' body was later burned, in the public square.