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THE
DARLING! ON
HERALD
VOL. I.
DARLINGTON, S. C., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1890.
NO. 21.
j The Railway Age estimates that raft-
road construction this year will roach
16OOO or 6500 miles, against 38(30 miles
Hast year.
The United States, with only one-
twentieth of the earth’s inhabitants, con-
mmes from a quarter to a half of the
earth’s great staples.
Professor W. FI. Preeco has found a
great difference in the magetism that can
bo imparted to different makes of steel,
eleven specimens varying in their mean
induction from a power of 186 to 2540.
The British South Africa Company, it
Is reported, has proposed to its employes
that any servant discovering a mine in
the country covered by the company’s
charter will be made a co-proprietor of
It with the company.
The Supreme Court of the United
States will soon bo called upon to de
cide whether a suit will lie in a Fed
eral Court against a State. The plain
tiff in this case will bo the United States
by the Secretary of the Interior and the
defendant the State of Minnesota.
SOUTHERN NEWS NOTES.
Captain Tumbleton, of the United
States cavalry, reports that the Indians
are acting very strangely, and he pre
dicts war. He says the redskins, among
other antics, bathe daily in the Washita
River. When Indians take to bathing
it certaiuly is time to prepare for the
worst, according to the Argonaut.
' Mrs. Kendal, the English actress, paid
a most glorious tribute to American men
and customs, thinks the Chicago Poit,
when she told a newspaper reporter in
London that she would rather her daugh
ter should go alone from New York to
San Francisco in America than walk
down Bond street in London unattended.,
There are 200,000 women in the Wo-
'man’s Christian Temperance Union,
125,000 in the King's Daughters, 100,-
000 in the Woman’s Relief Corps, and
85,000 in the Eastern Star. An aggre
gate of nearly 500,000 banded together
under various names for loyal service to
all manner of human need, exclaims the
Wew York Sun.
I A Dublin correspondent tells the New
York Mail and Exprtu that the “manu
factures that exist in Ireland can be
counted on the fingers of one hand.
There is the linen industry, a famous
brewing house aud an equally famous
distillery. The whole lot combined
does not have as many hands employed
as there are to be found in many single
wards in Philadelphia.
“Twenty damsels of knowledge” re
cently got up a debate upon the subject,
'‘Which one of our notable living Amer
icans has shown himself to be the pos
sessor of the greatest intellect?” After
writing down one hundred names, plac
ing them in a box, and then taking one
out at a time and discussing each sue
cessive individual, the choice finally
rested upon Thomas A.. Edison.
( “I do not know what the census
figures may be,” said Dr. Roversi, of
the II Progreuo Italo-Anuricano, “but
I would roughly estimate the uumber of
Italians in New York city at 40,006.
This estimate would include the city
only, and would not take in the other
large towns in the State. The number
of my countrymen in the other large
centers of population I cannot form a
correct estimate of, but New York has
certainly the largest resident population
of any city in the Union.”
The Happenings of a Week Preserv
ed and Chronicled.
The Fields of Virginia, North Caroli
na, South Carolina, Tennessee,
Georgia and Florida Care
fully Cultivated; Bead
. the Besults.
VIRGINIA.
Diplhciia is prevailing in Smyth coun
ty.
Rose,
Rose
(■ A recent article in Bradttrtel’t gives
some surprising ' statistics of the com-
pierce of the great lakes. During 234
days of navigation last year tonnage
passed through the Detroit River to the
amount of 10,000,000 tons more than
Ithe entries aufl clearances of all the sea
ports in the United States, and 3,000,-
000 tons more than the combined foreign
and coastwise abipping of Liverpool and
London. This does not include traffic
between Lakes Superior aud Michigan or
Lakes Erie aud Ontario, or local traffic
between porta of these lakes. The growth
of ship-building on the lakes has been
very marked in the last few years. In
[1886-7 there were thirty-one boats built,
valued at (4,074,000, aud in 1889-90
there were fifty-six built, valued at $7,-
866,000, the tendency being, as else
where, toward iron and steel for large
l»hip*.
A well knowu electrical authority of
the United States navy, alluding to the
important part which electricity is des
tined to play in the naval warfare of the
future, says that a comparison of the art
of electricity in warfare at its present
stage with that prevailing five years ago
shows how a comparatively insignificant
application may come to be a matter of
supreme importance. He takes this as
an indication also of the tendency in
modem warfare to accomplish a desirable
end by any effective means, no matter
how complex or expensive. If a ship is
to go into a fight the must whip. A lost
battle is a national regret forever. So
modem .ships are coming to be the fore
most examplss of the application of
scienoa to practical things. Science is
daily coming'mors into our lives, but in
no department of life is it nuking more
progress than in warfare, and in warfare
branch of science Is nuking mors
ajaJtojtrWk
Jordan Burks was shot by Hub
near Iron Gate, Saturday night,
escaped. Both colored.
A Progressive Endowment League, a
home plan insuruucc order, has bt-eu or
ganized iu Petersburg.
Every warehouse in Danville is full of
tobacco utul good prices arc being real
ized.
(Capitalists have been exploring in
Smyth county, and the celebrated
Charles Taylor farm in Rich Valley has
been sold for (50,000.
The Iron Gate rolling-mill has just
been sold to the Standard Steel Works,
of Richmond.
Peter Francis, of Petersburg, who re
cently invented nn alarm lock, Iras received
n diploma and medal from the Parisian
Invention Academy.
Mr. Ellijah Harlow, a well-to-do farm
er aged 50, who lives near Bigley's store,
Appomattox county, passed through
Lynchburg Thursday in search of his six
mouths wife, who had eloped with George
Kent a younger man and $400 of Harlow’s
money.
The various land companies of Salem,
are acting iu concert iu their efforts to
locate plants. They have put aside a
fund of (500,000 to be used in subscrip-
tious to the stock of new enterprises at
Salem. Sir. George Allen has just re
turned from a trip through the North
west in the interest of this movement.
His work amoug the manufacturers iu
that region may lead to the transfer of
several large plants to Salem.
A grand tournament took place near
Williamsburg, which was largely attend
ed. It was followed by crowning the
Queen of Love aud Beauty, etc., and a
banquet at night.
Captain Norton, formerly of Alexan
dria, who has been engaged in making a
uon-sinkablc life-boat, proposes to cross
the ocean on his craft, winch is a fifty-
eight foot steamboat.
Virginia is to have her Bessemer, for a
new town bearing that name has been
located on James river at its confluence
wilh Craig creek, at the junction
of the Craig Valley Railroad with the
James River branch of the Chesapeake &
Ohio. Oue hotel to cost (25,000 1ms
been commenced, and the Bessemer
Building & Loan Association will erect
another at a cost of (10,000. itiis com
pany has also bought a hundred lots, and
will expend (25,000 in buildings other
than the hotel. Various new industries
arc in eiTOtcmplatiou, aud some are al
ready uuder contract.
NORTH CAROLINA.
The next legislature of North Carolina
will la? composed of 103 Alliance mem
bers. This number 103 Wits obtained
from Secretary of the State Alliance. Mr.
Beddington.
The Southern luter-State Immigration
Convention will convene at Asheville, N.
O., on December 17, and continue in ses
sion for two days. The Convention is
intended to be a conference between the
Governors and conimissiouei s of immigra
tion of all the Southern States. The Con
vention will )>e au important one, ns the
subjects to bn discussed will include
cveythiog that pertains to the advance
ment of the South, its resources, its in
ducements for Hie investment of capital
and the increase of the population by im
migration.
John Kennedy, recently convicted in
the United States court of opening and
making way with registered packages iu
the Wilmington postoflicc, lias been sent
to (he peuiteutmy at Columbus, Ohio.
His sentence is thirteen mouths.
The Rev. Junius T. Harris, superiu
tcudeut of the Oxford Orphan Asylum-
died last week at Durham.
A syndicate of Philadelphia capital
ists have purchased the lino browustone
quarries iu Moore county.
The report of the manager of the Wil
mington and Weldon railroad shows the
net receipts of the road in the past year
to have been (069,710; of the Wilming
ton, Columbia and Augusta railroad,
(196.835.
Governor Fowlc sent out invitations to
the President, members of his Cabinet,
and Uuited Slates Congressmen to attend
the Southern Inter-State Immigration
Convention to be held at Asheville De
cember 17th.
Work of the construction of the Ral
eigh street railway has begun.
A lively campaign for Speaker and
clerkships, of the next Legislature has
already been inaugurated.
Hcndorsooville is to have a telephone
system. Work will commence on the
new project at once.
Col. E. W. Graham lias opened up a
canning factory in Durham, near the
Lynchburg and Durham depot.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
It is aunottuced that ('apt. Tillman
will be inaugurated Governor on the
Thursday of the second week of this ses
sion of the Legislature December 4.
The Richmond and Dauville is entting
down expenses at its shops in Columbia
and about forty of the men have been
discharged. It is said that similai reduc
tions in the force have been made at the
other railroad shops of the system.
The stockholders of the Charlotte, Col
umbia and Augusta railroad will hold
their annual meeting in Columbia on
Dec. 3, and that the Columbia & Green
ville road at the same place Dec. 4.
The Rev. Dr. Robert Wilson, rector of
St. Luke’s Church, bus been selccte’d to
deliver the address this year lieforo St.
Andrew’s Society of Charleston. It is
said that a formal oration has not liccn
delivered before this Sscicty since the
war.
ville, who has been buying cotton tin's
season for Sprunt & Sons, Wilmington,
N. C.,-weut to Sampler on Saturday last
aud drew (7,000 from both of the banks,
for which he gave drafts of Snruut &
Sons, ami disappeared from his home on
Saturday night and has left for parts un
known and has not been seen or Item’d of
since. It is not known whether the
banks or Sprunt & Sons will lose the
money. If the banks should lose it,
however, the loss will not hurt. them.
The Pharmaceutical Association of
South Carolina held its annual meeting
Tuesday, at the Freuuilseliaftsbund Hull,
Charleston. There were about thirty
representative pharmacists from all parts
of the State at the meeting. A. W. Eckel
of that city was elected the new presi
dent.
The News aud Courier Bureau learns
that the total vote'of the State for Gov
ernor in the recent election was about
74,000. (’apt. Tillman having received
over 59,000 and JudgeHaskcll nearly 15,-
000.
The president of the Thornwell Orphan
age, at Clinton, Laurens county, appeals
to benevolent people everywhere for
“Thanksgiving offerings” for the support
and comfort of the hundred fatherless and
motherless little ones unher his care.
These little ones, it is explained, come
from many States, and are depended up
on the voluntary contributious of strang
ers for the means of their education and
maintenance.
nairl on the
public debt of tho State during the past
fiscal year was (382,229.36. The State
Treasurer’s report shows the amount re
ceived by him from tile Clemson bequest
and the proceeds of Hie Malone escheated
estate to lie (18,933.85.
There it a big sensation in Sumpter fi
nancial circles. Robert Mayes, of Mayes-
TENNESSEE.
Houston Lamb, with his father and sev
eral boys were out opossum hunting a few
nights since iu Davidson county. They
treed about eight o’clock and cut a limb
from the tree which in falling struck
Lamb on the head. He died iu a few
minutes.
A head-end collision of freight engines
on the Alabama Great Southern is re
ported from Cottondnic. The Tuscaloo
sa operator failed to deliver au imporaut
order for side-tracking, and the north
and south-hound trains came together
with a crash, demolishing both engines
and wrecking several cars. The train-
meu saved their lives by jumping from
the train.
John Robinson and A. W. Hassell,
Chatauooga stonecutters, quarreled about
tools. The lie wns passed, aud Robin
son drew back, as though to strike Has
sell. The latter was toa quick for him
mid knocked Robinson down with a mul-
lett. Robinson died at noou from con
cussion of the brain, and Hassell is lock
ed in jail charged with murder.
A special to the American from Hunt
ington tells of a terrible double murder
which occurred near that town on Satur
day, aud in which (.'onslalilc High Ross
aud his nephew, Jim Ross, were both
shot to death by a farmer named Waddis,
in connection with au account due to au
attorney, iueurrred by Waddis in defend
ing him from a charge of assault with at
tempt to kill some time since. Waddis
gave himself up, and is now in jail at
Huntington.
A Gallatin special says: R. T. Mead
ows, of Bledsoe, having sold his farm
and stork was seated by the tire talking
to his wife of their contemplated trip
to Texas, whither they were going
to make their future home. M.\ Mead
ows pulled ids money from his pocket,
whicli was in large hills, and proceeded
to count it. When he had laid down
his last hill on the hearth, some one
opened the door and a gust of wind car
ried his money all into the tire. Before
Meadows could rescue any of hi< eurreu-
ey it was in ashes. He had converted all
his possessions into cash, and in u twin
kle all was lost.
A congress of tobacco growers met in
Clarksville, Wednesday, November 26,
Hie congress being composed of dele
gates from the various farinri's organiza
tions of thedistfi t and its object to dis
cuss the interest of tobacco growers of
Tennessee and Kentucky. On the same
day tlieie was also held a tobacco fair ami
quite a snug sum given in premiums.
There were two separate exhibit ions, one
for Tennessee, the othei for Kentucky.
No entry fee was charged as the move
was simply to work up an interest in the
tobacco growing industry.
GEORGIA.
The Episcopalians of Athens will erect
a new edifice.
Two circus men, Norman McNeil and
Charles Annan, are in jail at Tenuillo.
They are charged with complicity in the
recent safe-blowing at Gordon.
Rack Beall, who was known as tho
white man’s nigger,” of Wilkinson coun
ty, on account of his faithfulness to tho
Democratic party, is dead. Ho was uni
versally liked and respected.
Who can resist this appeal of a Georgia
editor:
One dollar-it don’t mean much to you
Who make so much and thrive;
But ’twill help to pull an editor through
With a family of twenty-five.
Preparations are being made to establish
a system of electric lights in Dawson.
The town will also have a system of wa
ter works at nn early day.
A strange accident occurred at Paschal,
in Talbot county. Tom Posey, a little
boy, was found lying near the railroad
track in an unconscious condition. His
skull was broken iu several places, 1ml
the skiu was without a bruise. The boy
is still olive.
The Seaboard Air-Liuc’s road to Atlan
ta is progressing rapidly, and will be in
operation in a few months. Trains are
already running us far as Greenwood, aud
as fast as new mileage is added, new
schedules go into effect. Track-laying is
already completed to Athens, but no bus
iness is completed beyond Greenwood.
A Georgia ninn wants to wager (10
that lie can break his neck by nodding
his head.. He didn’t do any thinking lie-
fore he spoke.—Constitution.
Gen. John B. Gordon, who was elect
ed to the U. S. Scontc lust week by the
Legislature was born in Upson county,
Gu., February 6, 1832. lie graduated
front (Itn T T r»;t*o»-f?fxr of rjtto»'*» , **> ofnrBoH
iow, piuoucea ror a snort time ana cn-
tored the Confederate service as captain
of infantry. He rose to the rank of lieu
tenant general and was wounded iu bat
tle eight times. In 1868 he was the
Democratic candidate for Governor, hut
though his friends claim he was elected,
his opponent Rufus B. Bullock, secured
the office. In 1868 and 1872 he was a
Presidential elector, and iu 1873 was
elected to the United States Senate. He
was re-elected in 1879 and resigned iu
1880. In 1886 he was elected Governor
and re-elcctcd in 1888.
FLORIDA.
Gov. Fleming has appointed to lie del
egatc to the Southern Inter-State Immi
gration Convention which convenes in
Asheville, N. C., Dec. 17, a prominent
man from each Senatorial district, 62 in
autqber am] four delegate* at larire.
a special irom De Lana says: Stientt
Stevenson has arrested aud jai.cd twenty
of the negroes who burned Hie packing
house of O. N. Hull, near Daytona, ami
shot at the employes who were sleeping
in the building. He has also secured
evidence of a conspiracy amoug the mem
bers of their labor lodge to murder O. N.
Hull aud a man near Port Orange, who
like Mr. Hull, was resisting their de-
dciuands for increased wages.
The chief of ordinance, United States
army, lias authorized the National armo
ry at Springfield to issue the new pattern
of cadet rifle to the East Florida semiua
ry at Gainesville. The discipline of the
school i'- based on the regulations of the
United States naval aud military aesrte
mies at ,. i, ilis and West Point. Stu
dents are at teadiug frea a dozen differ
ent States.
Gov. Fleming has appointed F. J.
Knight, G. Bock ran, J. C. Lewis, J.
Blockson and S. P. Hinckley to be com
missioners of pilotage for the port of
i’unta Gorda.
U. S. Senator Matthew Quay from
Pennsylvania is having a handsome resi
dence built on his fishing ground prop
erty at St. Lucie.
C. Jouacuet, a very intelligent young
Frenchman, one of tho owners of St.
Mary’s plantation at Kissimmee, passed
through Jacksonville Sunday with fifteen
French immigrants, men, women and
i hildren, bound for that place, which
Will be their future home.
. ne committee ot tne Jacksonville board
of trade ou the proposed new eigur fac
tory met and after some informal discus
sion agreed to give the firm four hun
dred acres of laud at the Sand Hills on
which to found a city like Ybor.
YIELD OF The GR-PS.
The Yield of Cotton About the Same
as This Time Last Year, But
There is a Falling Off
in other Crops.
Cotton returns for November to the
Department of Agriculture at Washing
ton, I). (!., are county estimates of the
yield per acre. The consolidation,
considering areas with ratio of
yield, with the correction of obvious
errors, makes the average ’yield 187
pounds of lint per acre. It is about
the same as the yield last year, and bcttei
than the returns of yield last November,
which were exceeded by Hie results of
final investigation. Some of Hie rctiirns
report killing frosts, which did not ex
tend to a large area on the southern side
of the cotton licit. Much will, therefore,
depend on the weather of Decem
ber, not only in perfecting the
growth, but in saving the crop. Should
the season continue favorable and the
views of correspondents prove conserva
tive, Hie result may be slightly hirgei
than here indicated. The quality of lint
has been deteriorated by excessive rains
and injured by discolorations. The es-
limates of yields by States are as f Hows:
Virginia, 108 pounds; North Carolina.
182; South Carolina, 175; Georgia, 165;
Florida, 108; Alabama, ICO; Mississippi,
200; Louisiana, 238; Texas, 196; Ar
kansas, 225; Tennessee, 191.
THE YIELD OK OTJIEU CHOPS.
> o enibir returns to the Depmtaient of
Agriculture of Hie rates of yield per acre
make Hie average for corn, 19.9 bushels;
potatoes, 57.5 bushels; buckwheat, 14.5
bushels; hay, 1.20 tons; tobacco, 718
pounds.
The corn crop makes the smallest yield
reported, excepting only that of 1881,
which was 18.6 bushels. That of 1887
was 20.1 bushels. It is 83 per cent, of
the average of the last ten years, a period
wliieh itieluded four unusually poor years,
and only 7:1 per cent, of last'year’s crop.
The decline of the last decade is not
due to the impairment of fertility, but G
unfavorable meteorological influences.
The highest rates are in New Euglaud as
usual. The average rate of yield of po
tatoes is 57.5 bushels. The condition of
the crop in October was lower than in
any reported previous crop, except in
1887, being 61.7 against 61.5. When
the rate of yield was 56.9 bushels per acre
it mi ports a scarcity and warrants high
prices. Lov. rales of yield of the princi
pal States are as follows:
New York, 62 bushels; Pennsylvania,
68; Michigan, 58; Ohio, 40; Indiana, 37;
Illinois, 30; Iowa, 48; Missouri, 39; Kan
sas, 28; Nebraska, 27; Minnesota, 68.
AMERICAN HARVESTER CO.
OUR TENANT FARMERS.
They Exceed the
Great Britain
Number In All
and Ireland.
ACROSS THE ATLANTIC.
Dr. W. L. Jones, of the Southern
Cultivator, Discusses Butter Mak--
ing, and Shows How We May
AU Eat Good Butter.
A Reorganization of the Great Chi
cago McCormick Reaper Con
cern Forced by the De
moralization of Bus
iness.
There was organized in Chicago, III.,
durine' tin past few days one of the larg
est corporations in its line in the world.
The charter was filed in Springfield. Tho
mime of the new company is Hie Ameri
can Harvester Company, for the manu
facture of harvesting machinery, with a
capital of (35,000,000. The directors of
the new company will be C. II. McCor
mick, William Deering, Walter A. Wood,
Lewis Miller, A. L. Conger and Gen.
A. 8. Bushnell.
The purpose of Hie new company is
Hie construction of harvesting machines.
The present demoralization of business
necessitated Hie formation of tbe new
eompany. There is no intention to raise
the prices of the machines, which will
he manufactured nt several works. Mc
Cormick is to be president, Wood vice-
president and Deering ehairtnan of the
hoard of directorse^
A Big Railroad Deal.
The latest report of (hose that have oc
casionally appeared during the past three
years concerning a new coast line comes
from Philadelphia, where a company has
been iucorpora’ed as the Charleston, Wil
mington A Norfolk Railroad with a cap
ital of (0,000,000. This company has,
it is said, determined to purchase the
charters of a numb r of short projected
roads in Houtli Carolina and one in Vir
ginia, aud it is claimed Hint with these
eliiirters and the (Me possessed by the
corporation, it will be authorized to
huilil a c ntimioiis line 365 miles in
length lietwe"ii Norfolk and Charteaton
that will shorten the distance between
those two cities and with Northern sea
board cities by at least a hundred miles.
It is also said that the Carolina Construc
tion Co., lias contracted to build the
road and lias already commenced opera
tions. The president of this eompany ii
Mr. John C. McNaiighton, of Philnde’.-
phia.
The amount of life Insurance in Ger
many, as reported by thirty-eight cqm-
panies, was (942,500,000 rtt the close of
1889; and the new insurance written that
year amounted to (86,625,000.
Major C. W. DuPrep, of Henry county,
'u manager of the Alliance warehouse at
Hampton, Ga., which ho runs as success
fully as lie carries on his own extensive
farming operations.
The Alliance warehouse at Ashburn,
Ga., on the Georgia and Florida railroad,
is repotted to lie doing a good business
and the Alliances iu Worth county all
flourishing.
America's tenant farmers.
Recently a writer iu Hie North American
Review made the startling statement that
the United States is the larged tenant
tainier nation in the world. Of Hie 7,500,-
000 adults engaged in agriculture less
than one-third are farmers, half of that
third are so heavily mortgaged that the
interest they must pay to avoid foreclosure
Is equal to the galling rent.
The number of the tenant farmers in
Hie various States are given and we shall
give a few samples from Hie list:
New York, 89,872
Pennsylvania, 45.825
Maryland, 13,537
Virginia, 84,898
North Carolina, 52,728
South Carolina, 47,219
Gcoigia, 62,175
West Virginia, . 12,000
Ohio,' • ' 49,288
Indiana, 40,050
Illinois, 80,244
Michigan, 15,411
Iowa, 45,174
Missouri, 58,862
Nebraska, 11.491
Kentucky, 44,027
Kansas, 22,951
Tennessee, 67,296
Mississippi, 41,558
Arkansas, 26,130
Texas, 66,405
Here arc twenty-one of our leading
States with more tenant fanners than
Euglaud, Ireland, Scotland aud Wales.
BUTTER.
Iii our southern torr? an, l cities there
is an urgent demand lor good butter.
The Jersey dairies caunot supply the de
mand. There is, piobably, very ueaily
enough butter made iu the country to do
it, but the quality of tho larger portion
is exceedingly poor, uusuited lo Hie taste
of those who appreciate good butter, and
are williug to pay for it. Such butter
docs not command much more than half
Htc price of a good article, aud except
for cooking purposes, could hardly find
sale at any price. The reason is that
milk cows are fed so largely ou cotton
seed. This is certainly the cheapest cat
tle food we have, aud in the shape of cot
ton seed meal may be very advantageous
ly used for fattening cattle for market.
Probably the cheapest beef possible can
lie made by feeding a mixture of cotton
seed meal aud cotton seed hulls, and
nothing else. But neither the whole seed
nor the meal can be used, except in lim
ited quantity, in tho production of a
really good article of butter. Coumioi.
experience tells us that Hie butter from
cows fed on cotton seed is white, sticky
and deficient in flavor. Some experiments
made at the Texas Experimental station
throw addiaiouul light ou Hie matter.
Seven cows were fed ou a ration of equal
parts by weight of cob and corn meal,
whole oats aud bran with ensiSfgc and
sorghum, pcaviues aud mixed hay—wind
would be termed au excellent ration. The
butter made from tbem when tested had
an average melting point of 95.33 de
grees Fab., and au average of 14.41 pel
cent of volatile acids. Four of these cow’
were subsequently fed ou cotton seed
meal and hulls exclusively, aud the but
ter they produced gave au averaoe ot
105.44 degrees for its melting point, and
an average of 10.15 ]>ei’ cent of volatile
acids. That is, the ration of cotton scfcd
melil raised the melt hig point of Hie but
ter from 95.33 to 105.44, au increase of a
little over ten degrees, and reduced the
volatile acids from 14.41 per cent to 10.15
per cent, or over 4 per cent. Butter is
made up iu putt of solid fats, like that
which predominates in tallow, mid partly
of liquid fats or nils. Cotton seed pi' its
meal iuerease the quantity of the solid
fats in it, giving it a tallowy appearance.
What are termed above the volatile acids
are the things that impart to butter its
pleasant flavor. Cotton seed reduces de
cidedly the quantity of llicse in butter,
aud lowers its flavor—makes, in other
words, a hard, tallowy, flavorless butler.
The butter made from feeding on cotton
seed meal was submitted, to experts,
without indicating its history or origin,
and was graded by them. The scale for
lies! butter was: Flavor45, grain or tex
ture 30, and firmness or body 25, making
a total of 100. The cotton seed meal
butter was graded ns follows: Flavor 30.-
98, grain or texture, 18 5, and body or
tirmlcss, 21.27, or iu all, 70.68—less than
till ec-fourths ns good as flint quality of
blitter. Cotton seed meal also makes a
white butter, defleient in color. It ne
cessitates a higher temperature for churn
ing. Whilst 64 degrees is a good average
temperature to rhurii when oilier rations
are used, it must be raisek to 74, or ten
degrees higher, wheneream from cotton
seed fed cows is churucil, in order to make
the butter come the usual time. These
fuels are worthy of careful consideration.
Of course other tilings effect the quality
of butter, but a cotton seed ration, per
haps, does more to injure Hie quality of
butter sold by our farmers than any other
one tiling.—Dr. W. L. Jones.— The
tynithrm Oultimtor^^ •
Thb Illiterate Cannot Vote.
Under Mississippi's now Constitution,
which has already gone into effect with
out being submitted to Hie people, it is
cnlcuinfed that the minilicrs of wliito vot
ers in Hie State will lie reduced from 118,
090 to 107,000. and the negro vote from
189,000 to 66,000, by ’the operations
of tbe clauses restricting Hie right of suf
frage to those who can rend any section
of the Constitution, or who shall he able
to understand the same when it is read to
them or give a reasonable interpretation
thereof.
The Color Line in Rhode Island.
Providence, R. 1., Novemlier 24.—
Miss Henrietta I>. L. Toll obtained a
verdict of"(2.485 against Hu'-. .Evening
Telegram. Miss Tuft whs" assipilted by
a negress, who mistook jpn' f-ir --another
person,-nml the Telegram headed its ne-
count of the affair, “A colored woman
assaulted her white rival,” hence the
suit.
Foreign Notes of Real Interest.—
Europe Epitomized.
Marie Van Zandt will receive (1,000 a
night for a tour through all the great cit
ies of Russia.
A society has revealed itself in England
called the “ProportionateGiving Union.”
The members give a fixed part of their
income to charitable works.
During the last academical year at
Cambridge 1,024 students matriculated
and 1,546 degrees were conferred, both
being the largest numbers on record.
The submarine war boat has led to the
flying of balloons from war ships. A
balloon hovering over a ship can detect
every movement of- a submarine boat
coming to the attuca.
The Stundisls arc making such prog
ress in their propaganda throughout Rus
sia that the Archbishop of Odessa has
called a council to devise means for
coimteracting them.
The city gas works of Berlin brought
(1,750,000 clear profit into the treasury
'luring the last financial year, despite the
unusually heavy expenditures for new
gas houses and conductors.
The Priuce of Wales’s intimacy with
Baron Hirsch is regarded at several Eu
ropean courts as a serious scandal. There
is talk of a joint letter of protest from
several of ins foreign relatives.
Zadkiel's almanac for 1891, just out,
reports: “As Jupiter is now culmina-
ling (by direction,) the elevation of the
Prince of Wales, either to the regency
or the throne, is now close at Hand.”
Moltke received on his birthday 2,099
congratulatory telegrams. They came
from every continent and every big city
in the world. An extra force of men
was put on duty at the Berliu postal tcle-
cgrnph office to receive and deliver them.
Upon the rumor that the Vienna brew
ers laid formed an alliance to raise the
price of beer, a member of the Town
I'ouueil moved that Hie municipality
should erect a communal brewery, “in
order to protect tho Viennese from un-
scrupulous spcculation. ”
A London gentleman recounts a some
what surprising experience in endeavor
ing to engage a coachman. Three ap
plicants were found suitable, but refused
the place because the family did not use
livery. Twj Suits of clothes a year were
to lie furnished; hut it was livery or
uothing.
The Richard Wagner Monument Com
mittee in Lcipsic lias accepted the de
si^li submitted by Prof. Schafer, Of Ber
lin, and lias received permission from the
city authorities to erect the statue on the
Old Theatre Place, a few steps from
Wagner’s old home "on the Brulil.” The
figure will cost (18,000.
Last summer’s excursionists to Iceland
say the geysers, which have been among
the greatest attractions of the Island, are
gradually losing their force. Eruptions
at the Great Geyser do not occur now
ofteuer than about once in ten days. The
region around the geysers is particularly
uninviting and only a very enthusiastic
sightseer is willing to spend more than a
couple of days at this desolate spot.
Hence, as it is quite uncertain when the
geyser will display its might, very few of
those who visit the region, sec it in ac
tivity.
THE OLD PLANTATION.
A CRANK AFTER CLEVELAND.
He Shoota a Yoimg
He Will Kill the
Lady and Says
Ex-President.
A telegram from New York city says:
John T. Davis Sunday night shot Miss
Gladys Price, organist of the Mariners’
church, as she was leaving the church af
ter the service. Davis was arrested and
proved to lie a dangerous crank, if not an
absolute lunatic. He asserted that Miss
Price was his wife; Hurt she was being
pursued by Grover Cleveland, and that
he intended to kill Mr. Cleveland.
Miss Price had never spoken to Davis
in her life, and knew nothing of him ex
cept that lie sometimes attended Hie Ma
riners’ church. Davis was arraign
ed in court and remanded to await
the result of Miss Price’s injuries. Ho
rambled in his talk, and repealed his
statement that it was his intention to
have shot ex-President Cleveland. Miss
Price wil probably recover, although she
was shot through the body.
An Immense Cotton Crop.
Regarding the financial and commer
cial situation iu the South there is inter
est and importance in this letter to their
customers by Charles D. Freeman & Co.:
“The government report on cotton, out
this afternoon, makes the total acreage
planted this season 19,590,000 acres, and
estimates the total production 187
pounds lint per acre, making a probable
total production of 3,063,330,090 pounds,
which amount, divided by 465 pounds
net to the bales, gives a probable crop of
nearly 8,000,000 bales. This is a phe
nomenal showing, as Hie crop will ex
ceed last year’s by over 600,000 bales,
which was the largest ever raised in this
country."—New York Journal of Fi
nance.
A crop of 7,750,000 to 8,000,000 bales
will mean (5,000,000 in cash brought iu-
to the South this year by eottoa alone.
This is a source of prosperity for that
section the value of which cannot be
computed. Since 1865 Hie South lias re
ceived over (8,000,000,000 for its cotton.
Who May Wear the Title “Hoi?."
In England the title of “Honorable”
is bestowed upon Earls, Viscounts and
Barons, both sons and daughters; also
upon members of the House of Com
mons, Mayors of principal cities and
other persons occupying positions of
trust and honor. In tho United States
the title is more freely bestowed, judges
of courts, members of both branches of
Congress, members of State Legislatures,
Governors of States, Mayors of cities
and many other persons occupying pub
lic positions being designated by the pre
fix. There is no limit to the application
of the title in this country. It is not
official, and no one can claim it of right.
It is simply a mark of favor, and one
that, of liiie years, has I seen applied so
indiscriminately that it can hardly b«
longer considered a mark of^pspecial Ui*>
tinction.—Detroit Fret Press.
LAND OF FRUIT GARDENS.
THE WONDERFUL PRODUCTIVE
NESS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.
Captain Hugh Colquitt’s New Scheme
—How it Works.
Chatt anooo A. Tknn., [Special.]—
Captain Hugh Colquitt, of Georgia, in
connection with a number of load capi
talists. lias bought 3,400 acres of land
on Ha East Tennessee load, this side of
Ooltewali, for Hie purpose of erecting a
•‘King Cotton's palai e.” Tho idea is to
have ami maintain an old-time cotton
plantation, worked in the manner of the
original soutlicni coltou fields, and the
company expects to make the cotton pro
duct more than pay Hie txpcusc of the
enterprise. The purpose is to make Hie
plantation a point of interest for people
from fill sections to visit, and to
exhibit the primitive cotton industry iu
ail its stages, and operated by the prim
itive negroes as far ns obtainable.
“Go South, Young Man.”
The Hou. Chauuccy M. Depew iu an
address to the alumni, association of Yale
University a few days ago said of his re
cent tour through Hie Southern States:
‘'Tlie net results of this visit to the
South, to my mind, is just this—that the
South is Hie Bonanza of Hie Future.
We have developed all the great and sud
den opportunities for wealth—or most of
them—in the Northwestern States and ou
the Pacific Slope, but here is a vast coun
try willi tho Best Climate iu the World,
with conditions of health which are abso
lutely unparalleled—with vast forests un
touched, with enonnous veins of coal aud
iron which yet have not known anything
beyond their original conditions, with soil
that,.under proper cultivation, for little
capital can support a tremendous popu
lation; with conditions in the atmosphere
for comfortable living winter and summer
which exist nowhere else in the country:
nml that is to be Hie attraction for the
young men who go out from the farms to
seek settlement and not by immigration
from abriiadr for 1 do not think they will
go that way, but by the internal immigra
tion from our own country it is to become
in time as prosperous as any other section
of tlie country and as prosperous by a
Purely American Development.”
South Carolina’s Polytechnic School.
Tlie new Agricultural College and ex
periment station established at Hie res
idence of Jolia C. Calhoun, has begun Us
organization by the election of a president
and chief eltymtst. Who the president
is the writeris not informed. The chief
(lieniist is Col. M. B. Hardin, late pro
fessor of chemistry in the YirgiuiaMHitary
Institute. On this appoint meat the State
of South Carolina U to be congratulated,
for her new school and station have se
cured the services of a most valuabiu man.
Cot. Hardin stands and deserves to
stiinil in the very foremost rank of tho
chemists of this country. High as are his
attainments in chemical science, hismath-
ematical gifts and iittainmeutsare equally
great. No better man for this place could
have been found in this or auy other
coiinti v.—National Economist
Aspires to the U. 8. Senatorship.
Col. Ellison, rt. Kcitt, of Newberry coun
ty, will be a candidate for Hie U. B. Sen
ate fiom South Caiolina to succeed .Gen.
iVadeidjUiiplon.' All Keitt is an ex-
ffieiiibor of the legislature and was a
prominent supporter of Tillman in the te-
i ent campaign. It is understood that he
endorses Hie sub-Treasury bill and alli
ance Uemiuid.
To Be Raised to Nobility.
A cablegram from Berlin, Germany,
says: As a reward for Ids fervt-
ces in tbe interests of the medical
science and the discovery of the cure of
consumption by inoculation the emperor
will confer a tiile of nobility upon Pro
fessor Koch. Tbe professor states that
tbe government must prepare lymph used
in the cure of tuberculosis. The German
Medical Weekly will contain an article
signed by Drs. iicrgmami. Fr.ientzel and
William Lcsly and Stall Surgeon Moehl,
in which they declare, after experiments
iu many different cases, they are prepared
to fully endorse Professor Koch's state-
meut regarding ids remedy.
Gould Gains a Victory.
Tlie Gould party have regained control
of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company.
At a meeting of Hie directors of that coui-
qi.ny iu N. Y. city Hie resignations of
Edward Lauterbaeh, 0. M. McGhee and
Oliver 11. Payne were received, mid
George Gould, Jay Gould and Russell Sage
were elected in their place. Then -I. B.
Houston resigned Hie oliiee of president
and was succeeded by George J. Gould,
wiio immediately offered a resolution that
Houston lie elected vice president and
general manager. This resolution was
carried without dissent.
A Cheap Fare Granted.
Jacksonvili.k, Fla., [Special.]—The
Southern passenger association announces
a rate of one lowest first-class limited fare
for the round trip to Ocala, Fla., and re
turn, for delagatcs and the general public,
ou the occasion of Hie meeting of the
National Farmers’Alliance aud Industrial
union, on December 2nd. A request for
a like concession lias been scut to all lines
in its territory, “members of tbe associa
tion," and to all eoiineetious and trunk
lines north of Hie Ohio rivet, with every
prospect of success^
Death to Loan and Building Associa
tions.
A Nashville, Telia., special says:
An opinion of great importance to build
ing associations in Uiis trtatc was rendered
by Chancellor Allison, of '.Ids city. The
county trustees of Davidson county as
sessed associations for taxes on real es
tate mortgages held by them. The asso
ciations carried the case to Hie chancery
court. The chancellor bolds that such
mortgages were legally assessed, and are
subject to taxation. The cases will go
to the supreme court.
Supposetl to bo Worthless Except for
Grazing—Baren Wastes Made to
Blossom Like the Hose.
Southern California has been slowly
understood even by its occupants, whp
have wearied the world by boasting of
its productiveness. Originally it was a
vast cattle and sheep ranch. It was sup
posed that the land was worthless except
for grazing. Held in princly ranches of
twenty, fifty, one hundred thousand
acres, in some cases areas larger than
German principalities, tens of thousands
of cattle roamed along the watercourses
and over the mesas, vast flocks of sheep
cropped close the grass and trod the sod
into hard-pan. The owners exchanged
cattle and sheep for corn, grain and
garden vegetables; they had no faith that
they could grow cereals, and it was too
much trouble to procure water for a
garden or a fruit orchard. It was the
firm belief that most of tho rolling mesa
land was unfit for cultivation, and that
neither forest nor fruit trees would grow
without irrigation. Between Los Anegles
and Redondo Beach is a rauch of 35,000
acres. Seventeen years ago it was owned
by a Scotchman, who used tho whole of
it as a sheep ranch. In selling it to tho
present owner ha warned him not to
waste time by attempting to farm it; ho
raised no fruit uor vegetables, plauted
no trees, aud bought all his corn, wheat
and barley. The purchaser, however, be
gan to experiment. He planted trees and
set out orchards which grew, and in a
couple of years lie wrote to the former
owner that ho had 8000 acres in fino
wheat. To say it iu a word, there is
scarcely au acre of the tract whicli is not
highly productive in barley, wheat, corn,
potatoes, while considerable parts of it
arc especially adapted to the English
walnut and to the citrus fruits.
On this route to tho sea tho rox^. is
lined with gardens. Nothing could bo
moro unpromising in appearance than
this soil before it is plowed and pulver
ized by the caltivatof. It looks like a
barren W’aste, We passed a tract that
was offered three years ago for twelve
dollars au acre. Some of it now is rented
to Chinamen at thirty dollars an acre; and
I saw oue field of two acres off which a
Chinaman hud sold in one season (750
worth of cabbages.
The truth is that almost all tho land
is w onderfully productive if intelligently
handled. The low ground has water so
near the surface that the pulverized soil
will draw up sufficient moisture for the
crops; the mesa, if sown and cultivated
after the annual raius, matures grain and
corn and sustains vines and fruit trees.
It is singular that the first settlers should
never have discovered this productive
ness. When it became apparent—that
is productiveness without artificial water
ing—there spread abroad a notion that
irrigation generally was not needed. We
shall have occasion to speak of this moro
in detail, and I will now only say, on
good authority, that while cultivation,
not to keep down Hie weeds only, but to
keep the soil stirred and prevent it bak
ing, is the prime necessity for almost ail
laud in southern California, there are
portions where irrigation is always neces
sary, and there is no spot where the yield
of gv-iiu will not he quadrupled by ju
dicious rriigatiou. There are places
where irrigation is excessive and harm
ful both to Hie quality aud quantity of
oranges and grapes.
The history of the extension of culti
vation iu the last twenty and especially
in the past ten years from the foot-hiils
of the Sierra Madre in Los Angeles and
San Bernardino Counties southward to
San Diego is very curious. Experiments
were timidly tried. Every acre of sand
and sage-brush reclaimed southward
was supposed to be the last capable of
profitable farming or fruit-growing. It
js unsafe now to say of any land that has
not been tried that it is not good. In
every valley and on every hill side, ou
Hie mesas aud in the sunny nooks in the
mountains, nearly anything tvill grow,
and the application of water produces
marvelous results. From San Bernardino
and Redlands, Riverside, Pomona, On
tario, Santa Anita, Can Gabriel, Pasa
dena, all the way to Los Angeles, is al
most a continuous fruit-garden, the
green areas emphasized by wastes yet
unreclaimed; a land cf ctiarnilng cot
tages, thriving towns, hospitable to the
fruit of every clime; a land of perpetual
sun and ever-flowing breeze, looked
down on by purple mountain ranges
tipped hero and there with enduring
snow. And what is in progress here
will be seen before long in almost every
part of this wonderful land, for condi
tions of soil aud climate are essentially
everywhere the same, and capital is find
ing out how to store in and bring from
Hie fastnesses of tho mountains rivers ol
clear water taken at such elevations that
the whole arable surface can be irrigated.
The development of the country has only
just begun.—Harper s Magazine.
Tho Last War Horse.
The last war horse is not dead
A Bishop’s Big Wine Cellar.
Livonia, Nov. 23.—Bishop MrQuaii
Bishop of the Rochester diocese of the i
Catholic ('huri'h has gone extensively in- j
to the manufacture of wine at Ctmoiuis ;
Lake. He lias creeted a wine eellar with !
walls seventy-two feet high, enclosing ]
six floors ttml tbe vaults, nml with :i ea I
pacity of 50,000 gallons. This season I
the Bishop will press 15,000 gallons. He |
intends to make and keep Ins wine cn- j
tircjy puli'. The products of Ids cellar j
is lo be used for elnireh purposes only
Minors Strike.
Brazil, Indiana, Nor.*24.—Drivers in i
the coal mines here, have demanded an j
advance in wages to (2 per day. Opera
tors of the Dolor mines, refuse Hie de
mand. A general suspension throughout j
the block coal districts is imminent.
pun
The
Imsc
Extending into the South.
A Raleigh. N. C sp . i il savs:
I’eiilisylvania railway desires to
the Sciihi'iiiil Air line, nml
propositions lonkin:: in Hurt
was learned mi high aulhinitv.
Workmen have drilled to a depth of
nearly one thousand one hundred feet i'or
water at Calvary Cottage, \YiJ( aud
have not yet been rewarded.
is not (lean yet.
“Old Dave” still lives. He is owned by
Uncle Ed King, who rode him into the
war the second year. Mr. King belonged
to Terrell's regiment of Texas cavalry.
The horse is 15] bauds high, a dark
browu, well proportioned, and in good
fix now. The horse was thirty-two years
old last spring. Nothing is known of
his pedigree. He was taken to Kaufman
County, from Goliad, when a colt, by
horse drovers.
Mr. King is a citizen of Kaufman
County. He attends all reunions within
his reach, aud rides Hie horse and saddle
that, lie rode through the war. Ou August
8,1889, at a reunion,“Old Dave” secinc I
as though possessed with supernatural
instinct, as was shown by his movements
during the procession. When the band
was playing he would stand erect, and
paw, and if moving, incline to prance.
His food lias to lie ground. The miller,
Fat Hogan, will not toil the grain that
is being ground fur tlie old horse, becau- j
they were iu the war together. Mr.
King’s weight during the war was about
165 pounmls; now it is 220 pounds, and
“Old Dave” carries him wherever he
is imiking i goes.—Atlanta Constitution.
i. ml. This |
The municipality of Genoa, Italy, has,
it is reported, consented to restore Hie
house iu which Christopher Columbus
lived. It is rapidly falling into decay
aud has long stood in need of repair.