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$2 .PER ANNUM, y
Vol. 1
"53
"ON WE MOVE INP1SSOLUBI.Y FIIJI GOD AND NATURE RID THE SAME."
ORANGEB?11G, SOUTH CABOral WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 1872,
"? / ?? ' ? R m . tvn't
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JOHN A. I I.I MILTON,
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MATES' PIIOSIMIATE
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JOHN A. HAMILTON,
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feb 21-1 yr
Tpavimon Ii?teLV
CHARLESTON, S. C.
R. Hamilton, G. T. Alforl & Co.,
Superintendent. J 'roprietors.
T11E A RT TON SO KIA L.
lam plenscd to inform the citizens ofOr
angehtirg and vicinity that 1 have opened a
Harber Shop, over (he Store ofCitptaih Brigg
niann, where I am ready to serve them in my
profession, which consists of Hair Cutting,
Shaving, Shampooing. Hair-dressing and such
other work as belongs to the tonsorml art. I
*k trial. .JOHN ROR1NSON.
may l-3mo
DR. T. BERWICK LEGARE,
I> ENT A L S U K U E () N ,
Graduate, Baltimore College Dental
Surgery.
O?ee, Market street, Over Store o/J.A. Hamilton
leb M
POETRY.
Lord Byron.
nY KOBKltT VOLI.OK.
"lie touched his harp and nations heard en
tranced
Ah some vast river of unfailing source;
Kapid, cxhaustlcss, deep, his number* (lowed,
And opened new fountains in the human heart,
Where fancy halted, weary in her flight,
In other men, his, fresh as morning, rose,
And soared untrodden heights, and seemed at
home
Where angels bashful looked. Others though
great, I
Beneath their argument seemed struggling
whiles;
He from above descending stooped to touch
The loftiest thought; and proudly stooped, as
though
It scarce deserved his verse."
"Full of titles, flattery, honor, fame,
Beyond desire, beyond ambition, full:
Drank every cup of joy, heard every trump
Of fame, drank early, deeply "drank, drank
droughts
That common millisons might have quenched;
tin n died
Of thirst, a weary worn and wretched thing.
Scorched, and desolate, and blasted soul,
A gloomy wilderness of dying thought.
Proof this, beyond all lingering of doubt,
That not in natural or mental wealth
Was human happiness or grandeur found, .
Attempt bow mbn>?tro us ad how surely vain!
With things of earthly .-ort, with aught hut Uod,
With aught hut moral excellence, truth and love
To satisfy and fill 'he immortal soul I"
MATRONS OF HUSBANDRY.
Anna ess of Ca it. E. L. IIovky, at
the F AltaiKits' Festival, at .St.
JojiNsiiuitY, Vekmoxt, FiamuAny 22,
1872.
Mr. President, iMtticn ami Gentlemen:
I>t?l I not ktiQW .ft.is. -r.i.;i-i.y, c-.ll ?! Uie.
Patron* of Husbandry, to be a lit menus
for advancing agricultural ii iertsts', and
bad I not more tha t ordinary anxiety
for its success, I should not appear lu re
to-day in this capacity, lint let it l?c re
membered that tin* class of beings it is
designed to help has never risen above
the level of menials ; lias never presented
I heir claims before I he. public in a pub
lic way, and any errors that may appear
may be attributed to tho fact ihn*. 1 am
one ok them.
This is a subject that Vermonlers are
just getting interested in. It is a ques
tion upon which they as a general thing
have very little information. It is a
new question ; and the fact that it is a
new one, and on this account imperfectly
understood, is one of the best reasons
in the world why it should meet with
bitter and violent opposition. Its friends
do not regard this as an impassable bar
rier.
Sluggish streams that meet no obsta
cles in their contse are always muddy;
but the mountain rivulet, that dashes
against rucks and ove r precipices, form
ing cascades and cataracts, is always
crystal clear. Jn (hose countries where
nature has been most lavish ol her excel
lencies, where soil and climate ami pro
duction? arc unexceptionable, wo lind tt
nice of beings that arc ignorant, indolent,
worthless; but here in Vermont, where
every move knocks off a rust-spot, wo
lind tho model State of the Union. She
is approximately correct in morals, in
religion, in politics, in education, in ugri
eulture, in everything. Although Btir
rounded wt?h natural disadvantages, she
produces more corn to the acre than any
other sister State. Yes, opposition every
where. It stimulate*, it invigorates, it
makes the State. It makes the secret
organization, it mokes the man.
To protend that this Society its fault
less would be useless. But it should be
rcmbercd that what one man calls a vir
tue another man may stigmatize as the
darkest, kind of vice ; and to create any
organization that everybody would en
dorse as perfect would indeed be a never
ending task. But tho time has come
when .something must be done to relieve
farmers from the thraldom in which they
have been for long years, and tho Pa
trons is the chosen instrument for this
purpose.
It has been conclusively shown hero
to-day that the farmer needs no mean
education, while in reality he has hut
little. As he yokes the ox and harnessCB
the horse, and compels them to he his
servants, just so Congressmen and poli
ticians harness the bulk of our popular
tion, the agriculturists, and compel them
to be their aids and supporters. Now,
if the dumb beast knew its strength, it
would less readily yield to man's will.?
Just so our farmers, were they adequate
ly informed no longer be the tools of
these wire-pullers, but knowing their
rights and their duties, they would have
the manliness to resolutely stand up iu
defence.
Every other occupation has had an
organization for mutual protection, and
last of all a few practical farmers, libe
rally educated, conceived of this method
of putting their co laborers on an equal
footing with men engaged in other oecu
patiens. It has become a necessity.?
The great, trade and political monopolies
ol our wide-awake cities had managed
matters pretty much after their own lik
ing, taking to themselves, little by little
though it was, what justly and honestly?
belonged to the producing classes, and
this was done by the most perfect sys
tem of co-operation.
lint what is this Society? It is a sc
! crct organization in the interest of Agri
culture and Horticulture. Its origin;!
only dates hack to 1<S(!7. Iking in exis
tence less than live years, and, although^
it. is young in years, it has reached the
full statine of mature existence. Its sud4
I don and continually increasing growth is
unparalleled in the history of secret ora
ganizations. It has subordinate Granf
ges, State Granges, and a National
j Grange loctaed at "Washington, which-;
I exercises a controlling voice in all nmrej
j tors of injportn ;<"j pcrU'imvg tv !hcy?.rj|
I dor. There arc now over 1,000 Granges,
! with a membership of over 150,000. In
tho single State of Iowa there arc 270
Granges, all of which have been estab
lished within the last eighteen months.?
Its great stronghold is at present in the
West* It is of late being introduced in
to New England, Vermont having' nine
organizations. Arrangements are b/ing
perfected for introducing it into Canada,
Scotland and other foreign countries.
This a fair showing of the Order at
this time ; what its future may be no one
knows, except what may be inferred from
certain natural laws, valuable to all ob
serving minds. If we plant good seed in
good soil, and have a profitable sett
son, we expect good crops if the husband
man docs his duty. In this effort the
object is gcod, tho field is excellent, the
time is apt, and if its members do their
whole duty, good cannot fail to come
from it. Yet we know that the aim may
be ever so good, the laws and regula
tions without fault, and unless energy is
put into the work, and the rules and reg
ulations enforced, it, like everything else,
is good for nothing. The sudden growth
is, of course, no protection against disas
ter and distinction; rather, on the con
trary, all nature is ugainst it. The mush
room that springs into existence in a
single night, with all its perfection, dis
appears from view quite as suddenly at
the slightest touch of adverse fortune.?
In the animal kingdom, those species that
mature in a few months, and evince won
derful agility, as the cat, live but a brief
period, while the elephant, that is years
getting its growth, lives for hundreds of
years.
Know-nolhingism .-wept like wildfire
tlyoiigh the country, but it was scarcely
known before it was "unknown" among
political organizations. There was noth
ing to it. It was void of substance; it
was aimless. The largest trees are hun
dreds of years in a growing slate, hut the
larger the tree the faster dues it grow.?
I accept this as the natural position of
the Patrons. Their growth has been
rapid, but they are yet in the incipient
state. This Society is to grow, and grow
on until it is not. only common in the en
terprising West, but till every village
and town of any considerable size in tho
United States, and every intelligent, com
munity in Chrislemloujj has a live, wide
u^iske Grange, and the following arc my
uns:
It is a skckkt Society. But farmers
$ffi&artieular hr.vc a natural dread of this
l^Re word, 'secret.' They associate with
itMEpl kinds of mischief, misery and dia
DpUCal crime. They turn away from a
p^son that even hints that this organi
JSS?n is of a secret cast as they would
from a loathsome reptile.
^Thcy think that secrecy means inis
4?ef, aud nothing else; but, my friends,
iufthing could possibly be wider ot the
jjtbWhun God created the universe, Ho
r ide everything just and right. He
iv'-ide those animals thai, arc preyed up
with cars turning backwards, to cna
?$38 them to catch the first indications of
. iunds from a pursuer, and lie mudc
j?pse species that prey upon other ani
yWjlte with their ears turned forward, for
? ';o same purpose. He has made men
Band classes of men to prey upon each
Llier, and has given to them allanation
hjpl protection, secrecy. If I have in mind
laBme wonderful invention, and go to the
(winces ot* public resort and lay open all
|j|y plans and give all the particulars in
construction, would not some long-oar
[fl&U gentleman circumvent my intentions?
pw. tell you that the man who succeeds in
Business is the man who keeps his own
counsels. The trader who brags about
Hps sharp speculation and tells nil about
Egbw it is done ma/ be set down as a
ppnaneiul failure. But the sly man who
Bleeps his bwn secrets succeeds. It is not
jjftnly man against man in the race for
Rain, but classes of men against men.
ELnwyers, physicians, telegraph compa
nies, railroad corporations, &c, are ar
Kruyed aigain.-t each other, and all combiri
f&d aim their thrusts at the unsophisticated
m&fyv'. This Society is% secret in its
doings for no oilier reason than for pro
tection. -Other combinations are form d
for the purpose of robbing farmers of
their hard earnings, and they?some of
thorn?do not think, because the Groat
Ruler made merchants and railroad
companies with ears trained upon thorn,
that they should not avail themselves of
the same natural advantage by turning
their own back upon the pursuer. Se
crecy is necessary for efficiency every
v. here.
* * * *
Upon all matters of importance our
legislative bodies sit in secret session, for
fear of the effect outside influence might
have upon their deliberations.
It is a noticiable fact, that those very
men who turn with such horror from our
organization that openly avows secrecy,
arc the very cms who sljnk oil" into some
dark corner at our open convention, and
there coucock schemes for running the
political .or agricultural ''ihashecn." This
open sccrcsy is contemptible; It is beneath
the dignity of man ; it is rottenness, total
and unqualified. But a secret s< cicty thai
does not attempt to conceal its name or
its object, and is wholly in the interest of I
progress, deserves to meet the approval of
all well-wishers to humanity.
It .nay be argued that the axe-grinders
are liable to get control of the Patrons.?
There is danger of this, of course; but
while they have distinctly in view the
cause that created the necessity for this
organization, they will he likely to use
due diligence in prote cting it against such
characters.
Socially, it is the right thing in the
right place, for it is a farmer's Society.
If there is anything that tends to break
up tin' humdrum life they have been liv
ing, and are living, it should be fostered
with every possible means. Of all the
evils that fetter and hamper this class of
our people, there is nothing so destructive
of that happiness human beings were per
manently destined to enjoy as the seclu
sion in which they drag out their lives.
Isolated from the arena of business life,
with nothing to stimulate thought, they
too often live and die strangers to any of
those liner and ennobling feelings that
ari"so readily nurtured by commingling
of society. They tiro becoming more and
more unsocial, and have been tending in
this direction since the lirst settling in
this country. A half century ago and
more when generly poverty and insecuri
ty rendered mutual protection a ucccssi
ty, there was a more geuial feeling amoug
the inhabitants. They went long distan
ces on foot for an evening's enjoyment of
social intercourse; but since those good
old days a competence has como to tho
majority of farmers, and they stick to
the homestead with a tenacity that fos
ters every social evil. They go through
with about tho same routine of duties
from sunrise to sundown, from otic year's
end to another, through the. whole active
part of life, never unloosing the mind
from the drudgery of farm life. The
human being alouo was created with the
faculty of social intercourse, and ho who
fails to improve it scarcely rises above
the level of the brute creation.
One of tho principal objects of this So
ciety is to enlarge Ulis God given faculty.
It calls the laborious worker of tho soil
from his duties and places him side by
side with those engaged in the same oc
cupation. A thousand questions are dis
cussed that interest and benefit its mem
bers.
Place a person in solitary confinement
before any indications of intelligence are
manifest, and actual experiment proves
that the appearance, the shape of tho
head, the features, suffer from such treat
ment, and actual knowledge is excluded.
Since these things arc so, farmers who
enslave themselves, who arc semi-impris
oned, cannot expect to wear a very pre
possessing personal appearance.
You ail know the value of a social
home; you know the difference between
it and one continuously darkened with
silence, wrangling, or brutal violence, it
maybe. What tends more to enlighten
the mind and fill it with principles that
will shed their lustre down through the
whole course of life than a family gather
ed after the work of the day iacompleted,
engaged in healthy; mind-invigorating,
social intercourse? Any one who has
paid any attention to the positions of fam
ilies routed in these different ways can
not fail to bid God speed to one institu
tion that will improve the social condi
tion of the furnier.
Some who are inclined to see a hum
bug in every new move assert that this is
a "woman's rights'' movement; others
that it is a cover for political intrigues.
Nc thing could be further front the truth.
The fact that women are admitted to full
membership in the Order J regard asone
of its most worthy features. I do not
believe in making a plow-point of a gold
watch; but tho condition of a people, its
members, its morals, its social standing,
it.s educational status, depend more upon
its women than upon man. Is there not
as wide a field for improvement in
woman's sphere as in man's? Besides,
wlmn men are assembled for mental cul
ture or social chut, what more stimulated
them to high-minded action than the
presence of woman ? But there is no
need of my diluting upon this important
theme. The solution of a mathematical
problem decides tho matter. If great
good conu s from a meeting of only two
.?provided that both sexes are represent
ed?how much advantage will result from
a gathering of a hundred?
Religious proclivities are no test. The
constitution ignores the discussion oven of
religious topics.
No society ever lived beyond a very
brief period that harbored the very .ip
penrance of politics. But it is my most
earnest desire, and I sincerely believe
that this much hoped-for event will soon
er or later transpire, that although the
rations are nowise a political organiza
tion, their in lluencc may bo felt in polities.
I rejoice that in certain instances this has
already been the lact. An educated man
is capable of voting, lie is something
more than a mere tool. He carries his
own ballot, and although he mtyormuy
not support a member of the fraternity,
\w knows what is right and can conscien
tiously, honestly, and resolutely maintain
it.
Our farmers arc the bulk of the. nation;
but where are they, what uro they, and
what influence do they exert upon the
affairs of the nation?even upon their
own chosen occupation? The Congress ,i
of the United States is composed, of .-gyle'{4
300 members, and less than a dozen ever
had any kind of knowledge of Agricul
ture or horticulture. The agriculturalq
committees and the chairman of the.-.o
committees arc men, ns Mr, Tompson say.s^?
that would take every cow in. New^^f"^
soy; hut, sir, when I think of tho j utter,,
lack of agricultural knowledge among our0
Congresmen, t feel like making the com-o|
parison a little stronger, if poeatfdof ,?tr
do not believe they could distinguish, th^j,
difference between a Jersey heiter and a,
Durham steer, on the hoof. That a rea
sonable number of professional men in
our legislative halls is a. benefit, is eer
tairijlfcit it is just as certain, were some
of the vorst lawyers removed, and some,
of our best farmers substituted iu their
places, that the best interests of the whp.bj
nation would be consulted. It was ths
farmer that saved the nation as well us
made it, but out of tbe millions of dol
lars that are yearly appropriated in land
i grants, less than one mill of each dollar
is appropriated directly to tho farmer.
Farmers, think of these things, and if
you wish your occupation, that upon
which all other industrial pursuits aro
founded, protected ; if you wish to stand
before the world as men and not as ig
noble hirelings, better prepare yourself
for the work ; labor in union and not
singlo handed, as you are now doing, j^,
Something is saved iu climbing to
gether for buying and selling./ People
in this vicinity have the erroneous im
pression that this is among the lending
objects in this institution. They could
not be more deceived. "When the Ordctr
of Patrons was first instituted, it was not
tho intention of the organization to tnako
it a source of pecunhiry gain. This fea
ture grow out of it, aud. as you get your
horse shod when you go to mill, so tho
enterprising Westerner co::c ived tho
idea of clubbing together for tho pur
chase of farm machinery, which is so ex
tensively used in that vicinity, when they
met in Grange meeting, and statistical
reports show that hundreds of thousands
of dollars have been saved to the farm
ers in the West just iu this oua particu
lar.
In Vermont we usa leso labor-saving
machinery, yet it is what we buy that
keeps us down. We nre yearly becom
ing larger and larger consumers of corn
and flour, of seeds and commercial man
ures. Now, is there anything disreputa
ble or dishonorable for a hundred men
to band together ?to avail themselves of
wholesale rates? The merchants, the,
grocerymen tell us so.
A reasonable number of these middle
men may be an advantage to any com
munity, but tho market is overstocked.?
Any means that can be devised that will
push a share of them into "active ser
vice" would be a move in the right di
rection.
It is the saving man that accumulates,,
not necessarily the man that earns tho
most. We may not save as much by
this system as Westerners, where they
farm u^ou a larger scale, but wo need
the little. What constitutes wealth va
ries according to circumstances, 'lwenty
years ago a farmer in Vermont with
810,000 stood as high as one to-day does
with ?00,00. A man in the city of New
York with 850,000 would scarcely
be recognized. So that really therii is
not much to this getting, after a compe
tence acquired, beyond having a little
more than anybody else in their partic
ular locality.
A man in an adjoining town not long
since remarked that "he should clear a
hindred dollars this year if his geese did
as well as they did last year." Now it
was just as necessary to keep this man iu
a financially healthy and growing condi
tion that his geese should prove well, ns
it is for tho Western herds to come iu at
the end of the season in a thrifty condi
tion and bring remunerative prices to
their owner.
Corn is worth from IK to 20 cents per
bushel in Iowa. The olllerenee between
its first cost and its pies nt selling price
here is 70 cents. A dozen different indi
viduals have a profit. JJow look at thiP