? M - ! . ' ... _ i "IDEA IS A SHADOW T1 VOL- 1. 1 1 . - J.L1L J~ W. h.*r. PRINCE J.. R. MAUtOY. li PR1HCE Sc MALIiOY, 1 llDlTOftS A D PftOPHlRTURS 1 I TBRHIt Tu Pn Dai Uiuu U pnblbbeJ every Tuis>Af, it |X V?r yen*? nuciiT in unmi. ]| ADVERTIXRKIKITfl bf iltmn Hwi, or leoi, vhieh li * equere, elU be hwrte) It mm dollar, for a tldtfle lorertfon; one p\ itnro emOnuol, ? WV-aty flT* (Note for the An*, nnd flfty eeuto for enrh ubeequenl Lneertlc* Renewal or cttange twenty c i?u I' per equate. AdeertlMmenU Inaerted monthly or quarterly, owe dollar i H per equert; er ini-wtoathly, nerenty-ttee eeoU per equate. D Tlx following deturtlonr WUI be medo In faror of standing ndrerlle itneote: Owe aqnare. for three monUot, %4 SO do for rtx naillif, T ?i(> do Wow yeer, lOOO Two square*. for three months, 1 >0 0 ,to foe dx do IJOfl I ?o Hironajcw. IN CJ(| > Thw qoarm, tor thrw roontha, 1 1 OO iV> for Hi x do 1H OO 11 do for on* y**r. CA '>0 ' rOur ?|UHN, for Uirrt* month*, | 4 no ((? for lix do 99 OO do for oim ?*?, 35 OO ? fe, Uro kjunit for cm* y??r. 40 OO Protaudonal and burin*** Card*, H OO prr annum. ' All adTtrtlwment* for lo** than tnau wontn* CASH, ' S WW y ilWi Mcrr ha ru? rom hoxthit. () If rar wwant of InwrUoo* U not rpecJflwl, t.t rimw, \ adrartlmn?nta will b* ootrrtai'as till ortatwd out, anO | ?MMI? *CO0?W*0I.T. No adrartWmrttta, HOWTtrrm nuxLL, will ha rooridrrnd j tana tiua a Mvara IL. .... ' .J ? GOVERNOR'S MESSAOE. P Executive Department, h Columbia, S. C., Not 24, 1856. u Gctitlc*nen of the Senate y and I/bote of' Itrprevnlalivet ; f? Tb? object for which you were recently ^ convened in extra session has been deter- 0 mined. The popular voice has declared lfi in favour of the party of our prefereuce. n! The past admonishes us to reserve the 11 full measure of our rpjocing to the day ? when the avowed policy of the party shall t J oo tbo book has boom redmoed 984 840,78. tbo Preeideat of tbo book io- * formed mo tkoi bo oxpooiod to bo^o a ?* fortkor rodnotloo of mboait 986,000, the L'; _ ftrraagemeats for ehieh ooold not boeouipletod before tko elooe of ike fiscal year. fr 1 refer yoo to tko report of tbo Cotnp- a trailer General fat tbo deuiied sUtemeot tl * of tko laooeiol condition of tko Stgct ai ?mo tko Am ofGotober, 1860, Ou pub- to **Q-0 t\ fee | j . 1 a. . 1 u..'i IUT SPEECH 18 CHER .'.la. - j._ ? .. . 1 io debt has been increased as follows : \y issuo of bonds to construot New State lonsc, 925,000; by subscription to Bluo Udge Railroad, 9200,000. The following table exhibits the dobt, ability, and ussete of tho State : "actual debt.* ~ and 6 per cent State stock, 123,407 60 ire loan bonds,.., 1,669,868 91 ends new State House, 600,000 00 onds Blue Iiidge Railroad, 400,000 00 8- treasury surplus fund.... 1,051,422 09 3,744,698 69 I LIAniLlTXuarantor South Carotin * Knilroad * 2,000,000 00 j cbt and liability..f>,744.?9rt 69 ] A^BTS. npituTof bank,... 2,770 802 63 inking fund 1,-190,366 65 hares in railroads, par value 1,742,300 00 ash on 1st October 139,025 66 6,143,114 74 The amount of 5? 10,000 appropriated at to last soaion to defray oontioguont ox cOres oftlio executive department, I havo ad no oocasioli to draw from tlio Trens. ry. With the unexpondedbalancc of last car, and a balance of 82,595 01. trans:rred to my credit by my predecessor, I *ve boon able to meet the ordinary drafts f tbo department- As my term of office i about to expire, I feel no delicacy iii laking certain recommendations in relaon to the department. The salary of the ovenor ia wholly inadequate to the mainlinance of tbo proper respectability and ignity of the station. 1 havo avoided all nneoeseary expense : I have indulgod in 5 display whatever; and from my oxpcriJCf, I have no hesitation in Buying, that ) man can dispells^ tho ordinary hospital, y expected of him* nor maintain that ylc which our people very properly asaoat? with the station, without drawing rgely on his private income. The first Ben in the gift of the people should not > ono which the wealthy only can afford aeoopt. It is no answer to ray, there is > want of aspirants for tho position.? ri!ling public servants arc not generally e moet efficient. The republican standd of compensation for all public service, that which will command the talent that able to servo the commonwealth. It too ten happens that ho who baa xneii hii | lb to the public, entails upon his family le incidents of a wasted fortune. I re. >inend jhtt the salary of tho Oorouor be creased to five thousand dollars ; and lat ho be required to reside at the capital, n this latter point,I invite your attention the following extract from the message the late Gov. Johnaen : ? The of I m is itinerant, aud follows the person of to Executive wherever hin necrceiticu ' convenience may compel hint to reside. Lu? ia%tt?rly inconsistent with the n$o ary order and uniformity in the oondact " the business of the officer, Ho cannot irry with him all the books, documents, ?d vouchers, nor bis Secretary. He must tber dispense with him; or subject, him > an rspcnro which would swallow np his nail salary. The eitisens,too, are inter ted to know where the Executive may j found, and if he bee ao fixed residence e obliged to go.inpunut through highays and by paths. They may ehaooe 1 > pass him on the ways, without knowing im (a ease of actual occurence). The we remedy is to provide him a residence i the teat of government, and reqiura him > reside there permlneoly. The report of General James Jones, ommissnoner of New State Hons#, will ive you fall latWmatien of the progress r the work, and hie plan of fhtare opera* 1 one. I ceoatitated him agent to aell the cods authorised to be issued by the leet egfafataw, Thera K3a Veen littla or a* imud far 0 p?>r oant. boo&? and tat Urn f tkain bar# beca diapocad of. ttrisi ?rbKln tM aria ofthaae bond* bald* par. Ead not tbo Bank advocated the vaqaWta kfeda, tbo Ooaniuitoinnar waoli kara Wo papal fad to PMpad TyriaMlinn or the I haaawkh tnMrrft fr-oeankmoioation trth tbo fM Wf F. QMfgljjf aeakblag eopy af a lattor froai (U? saorataTy of la IWatry lo the Hfht Howe Bpvd, id afaa a copy of the opinion af tba itmay Oanfral ,v* tba United Stataa, in -* * # Iff J I FLEETING ^8 THE W1KD?B AW, S. C., DE relation to the provision* of an aot of the Legislature of South Carolina granting site* for Light House*. On rcforeuce to these f/mmunicationB, it will be seen that the General Government decline* to procoed, on the ground, "that the oonecnt given bj South Carolina to the purchase ia j coupled with condition that Sout^ Carolina rotains the jurisdiction." Further logisla. tion is asked. I think when the Southern State* surrendered to the Uenoral Govern uicut the powor to regulato oointnaroo, they committed a great blander, but that is no longor a debated question. If the noccasitiea of commerce require the erection of the proposed Light House, I can see no good reason for declining to make the session upon the same terms as other States hnvo douc. Whenever the pcoplo of South Carolina dctermino to dissolve their connection with the Genoral Government, the possesion of a few Light Houses will interpose but feeble barriers to the execution of such a purpose. Accompanying this message will he found a report of Mr. Oscar M. Loibor, appointed, under a joint ^resolution of the lost Legislature, " jQooIogtcal-Mincralogtoal, and Agricultural Surveyor of the State." The Joint Coimniitoca of Agri culture and Internal Improvement of the last General Assembly unanimously selected Mr. Leiber for the mtuation, and I did 9J4 not hesitate to confirm the appointment. I have not had time to examine h is report, and therefore can express no oppinion of jt* merits. I lay before you a letter addroeeed to mo by Dr. Parkor, Superintendent of tho l unatic Asylum, in rciatioh to tho conditiou and wants of the institution. His opport init'o enti.lc his opinions t) great weight, lie is dcoidedlv opposed t6 the policy of removing the institution from its present location. Additional accommodation la indispensable to enable the Institution to fulfill tho humano end of its establishment. I am suro that no appeal is necessary to scouro for it the- full measure of your bounty. I also lay before you a report of the Military Commission, raised in ooorpliauce with a resolution of the Legislature. The resolution required roc appoint ten cotniuiasiOuvtS aC CvuSiuv* tht Hl'.lltii S!!'J p*t* J rul law of the 8tate, and to reoomnaud such alteration of the same as they might deem advisable. Kino of the commissioners appointed discharged the duty assigned them,the tenth was unavoidably absent.? They k.-.ve unanimously agreed on a report, urging the importance of preserving the ays. ten as it now stands; and 1 beg leave respect -11- i-J. 1 1 a tanj to laa my ooncarruuco in IM VMWI whbh brought thorn to their oonelnaion. The last Legislature authorised the Board of Coumiasionera for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind, of dMieh I am chairman ex'officio, to pnroha>t??tyr the State the establiahmoot of Mr. N. ^Walker, at Ge dar Springe, and to make doe arrangements therein fbr the nnfortnnate inmates. 1 am happy to inform yon that the purchase haa been completed on terms which are aatiefactory to the whole Board, and that rueh ... - nirtaer imngemtnti u are required by thia chaoge will bb daly submitted for yoar consideration in n report from the Board, more io detail. The Truateee of the Booth Caroline College, at their annual meeting in Dooeaber iaat, elected Profeeaor 0. F. Mq0iiy, Preeident of the inatitntioo. Ilia ability and attainments are eonaidered by Ih a who know him to bo of the higbeet order; aud when the prejndieee wbioh he eoeoen tared et Ike oory threshold of hie adaia?trat?dl hate been dispelled (If they have not already been) there will be but one opiiion as to hia fitneea far the poaition to whieh be aia called by a eery decided uujoritr of the Bawd, and that, too, witboot th|R slightest aolieltetien oo hie part. Mr. Biw era, of Charleston, wboea life baa bftjlf wwwfelly derotod to oh?if I pnf if, hzt boon eleeled IVufuiti of Oroeli lite*, ton, in plaoe of Pr. Hoory, deoooned ; nod Dr. LoCoote, of Georgia, a geojUoma* of well eeUbluhed eeieotifie otuinntiu, hoo boos eloet*! IWeneor of Nntoml nod Nwkttknl PMloeopby. Both Aon np? pointmeote, I be!tor*, ore odmMud oo nl] hand* to hove boon jodicioua.,?nd moot kt ? * ii I .EADINC IS AN UN REMEMBER CEMBEH 2/ 1 fortunato for the institution. Iu the deatli of Dr. Ilonrv, the Collcgo mourns the di;*rturo of a? otd, able, and faithful professor. He was a ripe scholar ?a man fall of learning?who, without ostentation, delighted in tftrcwiog open the abundant storehoua*, of his knowledge, and inviting the student to partako freely of its riches. It will be long before it will have the good fortune to rejoice in hia equal. The conduct of the students is reported to me to he quiot and orderly. The Faculty aro assiduous in their several departinonts, and the future of the institution is as encouraging as at any previous period of its existence. Though I was not educated at the College, I have seen and realited its benefits to tho State, socially, morally am) politically. It is rare, indeed, that its graduate Imvo failed in after Hfo, by example and conduct, to vindicate the policy which nourishes and sustains it. In toy judgement, it has done mure for tbo State tlmn r.U her other institutions put together. His greatly to be regretted that there is a disposition to cripple ita, usefulnces, if not to destroy it. The ohargo that it is the rich man's oollcgo, is the cry of tfie demagogue. Its catalogue shows that a majority of its'gra Juntos are the sons of fathers who wore not able to edncate them* selves, and no young man has ever had its doors closed upon him because of his poverty. It is urged, through cntiro misconception, that it is time to mnko it' a self-sustaining institution, and the example pf various colleges is held np for our imitation. Tako away from them their various endowments, and there is not, strictly speaking, a self-sustaining college in the Union. While it is the duty of tho State, as (kr as lies in her power, to instruct the destitute, it is no leas imperatively her duty to provide for those *%rlio aro able to pay for it, tho very highest standard of education. As a tax payer, T protest ngainst tho withholding from the South Carolina College whatevar proportion of ray annual taxes goes to its support, if I am at tool same time to be taxed for tho support of free schools Ignorance among the raassei is incnmnktiliU with the true idee of m. puis a icsn gcTcrntnest, but ?ithont superi- I cr intelligence to control and direct it, the oducatiou which contents itaelf with the mere ability to road and wr^ta, will prove a came rather than a ble?aing: The Military Academios continue unobtrusively, but not the leas satisfactorily, to pursue their even tenor of uaefaluese and , success. No equal amount of the public expenditure yields a better return?The discipline here, is severe, the mental train, iog trying in the extreme, hut the oadet who survives the teet, finds himself armed for the labor of life v belbte him. I earnestly oommend the College and these Academies to your foetering care. Both are developing the intellect end adding to the strength of tho State, and both merit your oountt nance and support. On the subject of Kree Schools, I have but little to add to whet X had the honor to submit to your predecessors. I-then expressed the opinion that " it was unfortunate that the end, which wee evidently contemplated by the aot of 1811, has beau abandoned, and tWi what was intended to Hitrednee gradually a general system of ooerunon schools, has been perverted to the axolomv* education of paupers; that, in my judgement, we . should return to the policy of 18U? and Wk to Inaugar^fea **??$' oWmete develops* ID Ml, ShodM bring the means of odaeatfon dfthin the ranch of eirerf Aunty In ibn State." Sine? the k&eeariofe, the ComnWotan of Free 8ohoot? iu tjh? ettj of ?h*rleetoe, with similar Tiewii "? to the bent mode Ifimproving educate, Kt?t cg*j*i I ik*.* aeWd in the* ety, and without abridging 0i? opportunities of th? poor, Ihnj offer to ?h^ eJLparera n percolation in th? Mntfit from which hereto* for? bum 1wen iffltM. Aboni seven knodrdd ehildren intof reeriftng edu&stion nt this 'school, std even large -Mtmber, 1 at* infc*?H&, WowM be increased, it the setae! toooqmsdstion wonld permit. The eotepifl* meow wbieh wnnlJ attend thin weH-tUied and 0 t " n p v* d -l 1 te l-'l 1 - MlR? PASTIME; BUT A WBITINf 856. - - . - . ? U- 1 . J-F".. . . jndioU'Us effort, is chocked omly by the difficulty of obtaining proper leachera.? Thin difficulty is also fully brought tc the notice of your predecessors, and t would respeetAilly renew my recommendation that you would carowtly seek ta provide no appropriate remedy. In connection with the general subject of education, it has occurred to me that aoiue encouragement should be held out, tc induce the citisen to supply his family with the moans of instructive reading, family hooka, or libraries. I suggest that auoh encouragement might arise from exempting family books and libraries, in actual u?o by tbo owner, from lcgpl process under contracts to be hereafter enter, ed into; and that thoy should also be exempt from sale by executors and sdministra. tors, and that inatcfd thoy should't>e delivered over to those Id whom thoy are bequeathed, and in the absence of testa* Uiontary disposition, that tHcy bo allotted nu*ong Iho family, or next of kin, an in oaken of intestacy. I beg leave to auk of yoa a favorable consideration of a tecommendatlon of the la?o Gov. Seabrook, on the subjoct of drainage. Hia recommendation was the appointment of commissioners to digest and report a aystcut or schome on that subject No pdssiblo objection can exist to the sp? pointmcut of such a commission, and much good may result When the report is made, it rill still be in your power to adopt, modify, or reject it altogether. Xlarge bodies of the very best land in the State lie whol* ly unproductive, for the want of a law establishing the right and defining the manner of draining them. No man, through obstinacy, or a worse feeling, should be allowed to use hp own to the injury of hia neighbor. Tbe public good demands a general law which shall secure to every landholder the unobstructed use of tho natural draining of uia laid. 1 submit to you the peocaaity of aotne Special legislation in relation to fuada tin the Court of Equity. It not oofro^ueiiUjhappens that, from sale for partition, some of Luc parties living out of the State, and others being minors without guardians; or from the sale of a trust estate, and no sol' table investment offering at the time; or from a fund being in court as a stake, the suit prooeeding between con terming parties, so order to determine whioh of them is the rightful owner, the fund lies dead and unproductive to those eventual!/ entitlod to it. I am informed that in England, in such cases, theWod Is paid into the man 01 England, to the credit of the Accountant General, who cheeks it out to dig parties aa tbeir rights accrue, and in tli6 meantime the bank ia changeable with four par oent, inters**, If that rata of! interest can bs safely paid by the bank th?e, I do not perceive wliy the Bank of the Btate oould not pay the game rate on eiisilar depositee boss. The widow* and orphans interested arg entitled to proipo* tion, and should not bs allowed to suffer loss, while tbeir fends are in court.? Should you conour with rae as to the propriety of legislating on the subjeot, 1 suggest that your legislation ah< old also cm bract ftinda in contestation in ooprta of Uwr; and I, ean as# no reason, why it might not be ex tended .to mooerr raised bv horiffe. Whj ahouldthey retain it, Mid the real own*? be deprived of all profit f? It anpoe? then to a temptatioo to epeeu lata, which 1 fear ie not alwaya restated.?' The legitimate feea of 'that office eaaoot adequately acoount for the large sum too often realised. The outward proaamw against the in* stitntioa vf elaforp should prompt us to do all. wo can to fWjify M witfaia. I>?ffaalon iaatreogth?oodcentmti?n, weakncJa. Oar trmo policy ia todies? tbo ty tbs motirot of M Wrott fa* it* iupport'11 btvotfto clcaVt of th? &L& root tUlilv of ttft iotiifcuUoa to^tUtln iU?lf Wftibt? ott ^3**ault4. the bono of aw vrgtaiitfi,' ittd k would sot bo diP&ftU to ibow tbnt tbo pooreut whito nm aawng ? it dbvftty Potmnil is ite prtferrsttOB : fat tfa argument of atlf-intert^ it #aay of cowprrbwios tad tart of actios, I W m 4 " ^SPil* * 3 18 ETERNAL."?TvpMOU ^ ?....... ,. ? ? * , ? NO. 24. WMftw|il ? I illWWW'iiH I ? recommend the passage of a law exempting from sale (under contracts to bo hereafter entered into) at least one slave. Such an immunity would stimulate every one to exert himfeelf to possess his family at least of a property in some degree above the casrmlities of debt. As you multiply the ntimbur who acquire the property, so will you widen and deepen the determination to sustain the institution. The consumption of cotton has steadily increased, and will in a few year? exceed the supply?not from want, on our part, of land on which to grow it, but from want of operators to cultivate it. Tho demand for tbo article beins - greater than the supply, the priop must go up ia the absence of all disturbing causes- As Ion;? as this continues to be the case, wo must prosper; but the certain cffcG&tof high prices will be to stimulate the growth of' it in foreign countries, and in time to destroy the monopoly which we have so long eqjpyed. The possession of this monopoly is the chief element of Southern prosj pcrity, and the dependence of the manufacturing interest on us for a supply of this articlo will continue to prove to be one of our strongest safe guards.?The amount of cotton now grown in the East Indies should open our eyet to our true policy- The idea that African 4 siavee only can successfully grew cot'ton, is an entire mistake. Under British domination, frtt stAVss are now* producing in the East, more than the entire crop of the United States in 1820. From a report of the lion. W. L. Marcy, Secretary of State, in answer to a resolution of Congress, it ap* pears that during the year 1865, the shipments of cotton to Great Britain, were from the Up itod States, in round i ct i ?:?i: .._i_ i I iiuuiuvte) yi?/ aituivuo ui jn;?a*r* from the Kas| Indies, Egypt, and Bra* zil, 202 millions of pounds. Whenever J England and the Continent can propve their supply of the raw material elm*' [where than, foom ua, and the cotton States are limited to the home market* then will our doom be s&ied. Destroy the value of slaws labor, and emancipation fellows inevitably. This, England, our couitnurci.ti ?i??L ~ hence her systematic efforts to stimulate the* production of cptton in the * East. The scocess which has thus far attended those efforts, will incite her to redouble them. The East Indies abound in fertile land anorld over. Therawjrw e' time when Wti^D iCg^X once common sentiment on the pofc*tThe South now heliftes that a mysterious Proriaence has brought the two _ t t_\ >L!. - . a? 1 . J. raura logaiuor on tnia qmmmi HOT I wuo [.ttrpow., ?4 R^abern boo ?te?taA ?k? if. ri?.& to a degrM of dTiBw?!0a wWofc. sySsBE "ttx ?4HQUom m rifef* t* m/ ' -Or *j_ m A* % vTi.' * #. ** * I jfr ?D .$ 1 --itS ?*# ' " I * . ?* > 'V'.'bt^: