In writing to thi* office on businoes aI- ■Sgire your neme and Post Office address, . Business letters and communications to published should be written on separate et*. and the object of each clearly indi- >d by necessary note when required. „ Articles for publication should be writ- in a clear, legible hand, and on only one eof the page. 1. All changes in advertisements ch us on Friday. ; . J- CHANGE OF SCHEDULE; CHAttatifrrow, March 1, 1«78. On and after gurday, next, the South •rohna Railroad wik be run as folic ws: FOR AUGUSTA, (Sunday morning excused),* '* ^ iare Charleston . . 9 00 a. m. 7 30 p. m. rrive Augusta . . 6 00 p. m. 0 66 a. m. l f i +0R COtUMBIA, (Sunday morning excepted), eare Charleston . . 6 00 a. m. 8 80 p m. rriveatCvluutbia. 10 60 p. m. 7 46 a. m. - For chablfston, • (Sunday morning excepted)!' r ' eave Augusta . . 8 80 a. m. 7 40 p m. rrire at Charleston 4 20 p. m 7 46 a. m. eave Columbia . . 6 00 p. m. 8 6(ip. to. if. Charleston, 1215 nif^ht and 6 45 a. m. . |- Siimmerville Train, . (Sundays excepted) ieaTe.fiato.Ti erville prire at Charleston ieave Charleston trriTeatSummerville _ breakfast, Dinner and Supper atBronchville i£YT*^- - Camden T\ ain 7 40 a m S 40 a m 3 15pm 4 25 p m JonneCtsat Ktngsrilledaily (Sundaysexcep- ed) with day passenger train to and from Charleston. Passepgers fnup Camden toCo- unihta can eo throitgh without detention on Butdays, tVedne#days and Fridays, and Kam Columbia to Camden on Tuesdays, rtmrsdays and Saturdays by connection gith dayjpassenger train, i 'lfay’anjl nigh* trains corncct at Augusta with Georgia Railroad and Cen'ral Railroad This poute is the cpuickest and most direct to Atlanta, Nashville, Louisville, Cincinnati, Chicago, St Louis and other points in the flonhwest. ■ * Night trains for Augusta connect closely krith the fast mail train via Macon ami Au gusta Railroad for Macon? Columbus, Mont gomery. Mobile, New Orleans and points in the Southwest. (Thirty-six-hours to New Orleans. Day trains for Columbia connect closely jvith Charlotte Railroad for all points North, haaking quick time and no delays. (Forty hours to New York.) The trains on the Greeimlle f\tt«b Columbia and Spartanburg and Union Railroads con nect closely with the trein whi-U leaves Charleston at 6t1(>a m, and returning they connect in same manner with the train whi$n leaves Columbia for Charleston ah 5 360 tfaini on lhi“ Road c ill toavo Depot of Norlliea^UTii RiuirorUl ws fellows : , .*•' Fust Miul Daily. I^tave Cb»r!esiou - 3 15 a.m. AVrive at Savanrab - - - MK) a. m. Leave Savannah - - 6 (kl p. m. Arrive Charleston - - -» 11 00p;m Accorimodali'M Trii~, Sunialft I'xctpttd, Leave Charleston - - - Arrive at Augusta . - Arrive Ron Royal - K rrive Savannah -- - eave Savannah eave Augusta ’ - » eave Port Royal Arrive Charleston - ' 8 00 a. m. 5 16 p. at, I 50 p. ra, 3 60 p. m, II 00 a. m. 7 30 a. m. 10 20 a. m. 6 30 p. m. , Nig hi raismgcr. S'jtidiyi EzctpUd. ,.. Leave Charleston - - - 8 60p. m. Arrive Port Royal - - - 6 45 a. m. Arrive Savannah - - - 7 25 *. m. Leave Savannah - - - 10 00 p.m. beave ^Augusta • « •« 9 00 p. m. Arrive Charleston. - - - 8 46 a, m. t . , » ‘ 4 Fast mail if ain will only stop,at Adams Run.Temaise.c,. Graharaville and jiLonteiih, Accommodalion train wi{l stop at all sirt* tignson this rood and niaVcs close connocthon for Augusta and Port Royal and all stationa On the Port Royal RaHnmd. 1 Fast mall makes connection for points in Florida and Georgia. . C. 8. GAD8DEN, Engp. and Supt. S. C. Botlston, G. F Bt\d T. Agent. » WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA AUGUSTA RAILROAD. AND Gknkkxi. Passkngf.b Drpartmskt, Com’mbia, 8. C., August 6, 1877/ . ’ The follov/ing Schedule will be operated on and after this date t- Night Express Train—Daily. GOING NORTH. Leave Columbia Leave Florence . Arrive at Wilmington 11 15 p. ra. 2 40 a. m. . 6 32 a, m. OOINO SOUTH. Leave Wilmington . . 6 OGp. m. Leave Florence - w • • 10 02 p. m. Arrive at Columbia {"♦ ’ . 1 25 a. m * This Train is Fast Express, making through connections, all rail. North and South, and waterline connection via Pprtsmeuth.^Stnp. only at Eastover, Sumter, Tirumonsville, Florence, Marion. Fgir Bluff, W biioviile and Fleraington. . 1 C ,S t -... v Through Tickets told and baggage check ed to all principal points, Pullman Sleepers -oa«ight.trains. ? ' i^_• v - hi Through . Fr+ght. Tnur.^,Daily. ..netpi .Sssjl- 'OOINO NORTH, e Columbia s \ . . Leave Flrrence. . . • Arrive at Wilmington. , * f .~ — -— 'f'AoiNo SOUTH. 5 00 p. tn. 4 80 a. m. 12 00 m. Lwve Wilmington, * * • 2 80 p. nt. Leave Florence 2 86 a. au AMriTe at Colombia . . * 10 10 a.m. Lbeal freight Train lasves Colombia Tuee- g, Thursday aaASatUrday only, at 6 a. as. igt FloreneeM 8 80p. m, -- A. P0FB.G.F. AT. A. , DEVINE, Seperintendsnt. - ■ A [New, aud Courier.] Columbia. August 7.—The Bcenee about the Btato-Houee this morning at the hour of the assembling of the Radical Convention aud during its sittings were strikingly'suggestive of those so ofti;n witnessed on similar oc casions v during the days of recon structio'n. Tne only marked feature of change perhaps was a perceptible deepening in the color of the assembly, as there were fewer whites or compar- atire whites and more pure blacks than ever before. Among the few well known white* that were preeent were BoWen, Taft, Mackey, OstendofT, Tom Johnson, Ftllebrown and sheriff Wilson, of Beaufort, whose white faces shone out in conspicuous relief against the dark body of their political com- fanidhs, somewhat as the head of sil ver Screws shine on a paiticularly black ct’fRtL The lobbied and stairs, and halls below and above stelrs, were Slled,. as before times with a crowd of coforud boostitnents rejoicing in the preesnee iu their rpidst once more of h purely "Radikil Conven-. shun,’'' and all the host were earnestly engaged In auiu nted diaausslons of the (jtiesUoLg of the hour. One group long‘surround. <1 CV'iigre^stnan Robert Sami s, of Beaufort, who harangued them under his breaffe to the mutual , satiafactiun "f speaker and hearers alike, while **r. /dam Thomas (very blacl.) «x-dooikeeper of the Senate, manipulated' a second and Mruaily ed ified crowd in another corner. The Convention met gt 12 m. in the hull of the House of liepresentitlv?s, and the opening of the doors wus the signal for a tremendous rush into the hall on the part of the delegates and hundreds of would-be spectators to gether. Many of the latter succeeded In forcing their wAy in, but the flat had gone forth last night from the ex ecutive committee that the session was to be a secret one, and in a few minutes the hall was cleared of all eave the delegates, tbs doors were closed, and Henry Daniels (colored) stationed therOat, with orders to keep out all save members. To make , a long story.short, the rule remained in force during the entire session, which lasted from 12 m. to 3. 20 o’clock p. m. ' ' ” ' • • ? A transient glimpse through the half opened door at the outset reveal ed R R Elliot in the chair, which he soon alter surrendered to C. C. Bowen, who was elected president of the Con vention. A John West (colored) was at the same time elected secretary. The Convention is pretty evenly 'dB vlded upon the question of nominating a full State ticket in opposition to that put forth by the Democratic Conven tion. Bowen, Taft and Cochran may be named as the piinelple leaders pf a movement to endorse Hampton and perhaps not to offer any opposition to the Democratic State ticket. ? W. J. McKinlay, of Charleston, one of the leaders of the Straight-out ele ment, offered ther following; “That It Is the sense of thli Convention that it is essential to the prospejlty of the Republican party in thjs State that a full Republican Stale ticket should be plaoed lo nomination," and this reso lution was received with a roar of ap plause, which was heard throughout the building. Bwalls is among the number of those who ardeoty support this resolotlon.und who will endeavor to have H adopted. Shipper is not a* delegate, but is preeent and lends all his Influence In the eeone direction. Smalls is also present, but while be stands party committed by his recent speech at Beaufort jn opposition, la ruther retl- oebtjust now, Aqt knowing.which way the majority are Inclined. Jt may beaaid that any nominations made for State officers will be made wit^ptt hope of electing the candi dates, and merely as a measure for “bringing out the parly vote and boid- > ■ * A ing it together.” There Is very little opposition to Hampton, but a great deal is expressed with reference to the remainder of his tleket. The opposi tion, It may be said, too, are also equal ly confident of success, aud It Is by no means certain as yet that the advocates- of the Stiaight ticket will carry the day. . “UK PROCEEDINGS. Spartanburg, Pickene, E igeflold end York were not represented in the Con vention. G. C^ Brown, of Charleston, and- Batfififleld, (cplored.) were nominated for president. Bampfleld declined, and Bowen was declared elected unanimously. StraKer, (colored,) of Orangeburg, in troduced a resolution appointing a committreof seven to wait on Gov. Hampton and learn of him if he would appoint a Republican In each county as commissioner of election upon the re commendation of the Republican ex ecutive Committee*>f each county, and see that Republican^ should obtain one manager at each precinct. This was opposed by Swalle (colored) on the ground that the Republicans should not aflk Anything of Hampton and need not expect anything if they did; opposed aistiby Senator Taft, who cited the lav? ahowing that the Gover nor wae compelled to make the ap pointments, and stated that Gov. Hampton had said he would do so. _ Straker (colored) Insisted oil his res olution and claimed that Hampton’s late speech of acceptance was directly In antagonism with his Blackville speech, and it showed that Hampton intends to do anything that is neces sary to elect a Democratic House of Representatives, fie though the Con vention might get from him e. promise to make these appointments. June Mobley (colored) made a bitter speech in favor of appointing the com mittee. Lee, (colored) of Sumter, also favored the motion, and wanted u shorthand reporter to go with the committee In order to take down every word Hurap- tomsaid. E. \V. M. Mackey opposed it on the ground that it would Took lika trying to make a trade with Hampton. The Convention, he said should declare its purposes in regard to comUgUlon j be fore sending the committee. Bownen opposed it nn the ground (that if he himself were Gov. Hampton fbe would dismiss such a committee without any answer, and that Hump- j ton was not such a fool as to give any such pledges. That the/ convention ; had the right to make Hie demand, and ho be/eved Humpto" wonld grant it, but would not recognize any com- iiiiu.ee that x^uld cringe around him. A motion whs now made to postpone consideration, but wus lost by a large majority. Mackey again took the floor, oppos- ing ths resolution, ami stated that Hampton was not In the building. Straker proposed to postpone until to-morrow,^tnd this was agreed to. The object of the whole intended move was plainly to trick Gov. Hamp ton Into agreeing to what was desired aud then to denounce his administra tion and the Democratic party and platform. -• Straker also introduced a resolution slating that the election laws have peeu changed, and directed coppice circulated throughout the State. Also, a resolution statipg that the Legisla ture having enacted a law reorganiz ing the State TTnlversity, Clsflln Uni versity having been set aside for the beneflt of the colored youth aud the statement made by Democrats that 87.500 was appropriated for its benefit being uutrue, since this sum. waa de voted topayiug the Intereeton the ag ricultural l#nd scrip, 1 the Convention should dendaod that the 87,500 be paid to Claflin University, and that profes sors be appointed who were In sympa thy with the education and eleyation of the colored youth. AH this means that Straker and R. B. Elliott would be professors. ' ■ . t ^ .r Gloeter Holland, 'colored,) of Allren, Introduced a resolution, charging that a general bankruptcy of the country has peen brought about through con traction of currency, and the sale of United States bonds and by monopo lies, and while our representatives of both parties have fought such schemes, this Convention demands of them that they shall eecure.-such- legislation as will relieve the country. The resolu tion in full would make a good mud sill for a National 1 or ’Communistic platform. . j ■ 1 • Senator Cochran Introduced a pre amble and resorfitloa*; TSh ptwamble- eulbg!w» the Republican party, de clares its adherence to Its principles, and recognizes ‘In the oourso of Gov ernor Hampton the fulfillment of all the liberal pledges made by him in the last canvass, the discharge of all the duties of his high office without or distinction because of race or condi tion, the repression of crime, the oea- »ation of violence and the impartial administration of law.” The resolu tions bind tbs Convention not to maks any nomination In opposition to Hamp ton and the rest of the State ticket, and declare that It 1$ prepared 1 Td en- trust them with the administration of tike governraen,t, relying upon their pledgee to administer Tt . with equal justice to alL ' Also endo^e PreeWeat Hayes as entitled to the confidence of the Republican party in so far sa he has endeavored to carry ®ut the plat form of 1876. Aloo declare that the Convention In endorsing Hampton does not wish to dlsoourage local con tests, and asLb for the appointment of one Republican commissioner of elec tion for each county and one manager In each precinct. Also denounce the monstrous outrage perpetrated under the guise of legislative, action, “by which the Republican members from Charleston were deprived of their seats.” Also “laments the want of In telligence and Integrity which charac terized in many Instances the adminis tration of the government of this State during the supremacy of the Republi can party, ’ and urges thr local con ventions hereafter to nominate candi dates of recognized intelligence, integ- lityand established devotion to Re publican principles. It is understood to-night that the committee on platform have decided to report against both Cochran’s and McKlnlay’s resolutions. The platform will be made up principally with de nunciations of tbs Democracy, and, It is rumored, will also denounce Hayee and his policy In turning over theState Government to Hampton and his bar gain with the Democracy to secure his election. The members are very bii- tdr pgainst Hayes, who is denounced on ell sides and stands without a de fender. . _ f . f ? THE LATEST. " ' It is new (at midnight'' certain that no endersement will be given to Hamp ton, but no State ticket will be nomi nated, for the very good reason, as is pretty generally understood and con fessed by the members, that guberna torial limber is absolutely wanting in the ranks of the party, and the same remark holds with ref^rencoto suita ble men to fill any State office. ( The flags that have been always planted over such Conventions hereto fore wero conspicuously absent to-day, for the simple reason that there waa not enough loose change in the body to pay the flagman’s usuaffee of 82. Why xve Hare hot M'xalher. The sun was in apogee and the earth in aphelion one day last week ; that is the earth reached the part of ber orbit in which she Is at the greatest distance' from the sun. For, strange as it may seem, the earth is cow three millions of miles further from the sun than she was on the 1st cf lust January, Taking the most approved estimation of the sun’s distance, and using round numbers to express the same, the distance bet weep the sun and earth Is at presant ninety- three millions of miles, while In mid winter the two bodies are ninety mil lions of miles apart The question na turally arises ac to the reason why we do not have the coolest weather when the sun is farthest away. This is easily explained, for the sun’s rays fall .perpendicularly upon the earth in mld-sutpmer, and obliquely in mid winter the intensify of the tieat far overbalancing the difference In the distance. The summer heat Is, how ever, tempered by the greater distance ofthe central fire, for in the Southern hemisphere, where the sun is in per igee in midsummer, the heat is inten sified. The temperature Is higher .la Australia and in Southern Africa than In corresponding latitudes north ,•< the equator. It is well we were not living thirty-six hundred years be fore the creation of Adam for the suh was then in perigee during the north ern summer, aud in apogee during the northern winter. Sir John Herschel estimates that the northern summer at that distant period of the world’s history was twenty-three degrees hot ter, and the northern winter twenty- three degrees colder than at present Every Inhabitant of the north tempe rate zono has therefore reason to be grateful that the sun is in apogee at this season, for what would become of the poor mortab who have been sim mering in ths intense heat for the last two weeks If they were required to bear a temperature of . from ten to twenty degreeo higher than the nine ties, In which the thermometer has been mierdlessly reveling? — —»«»>».■ — ' Shortly after Waterloo, some chan ges in the uniform of the Guards were proposed, and George IY ordered a guardsman tohe aent for who whs-ts- porteff th 'have cut down six officers ai Waterloo.' “Now,” said the king, after a few questions fcad'besn put to the man, “if you were going to have such another day’s work, how would yon like to b; 'dressed?” “In my shirt sleeves,” was the prompt reply. The British troops, until twenty-five years age, wore the same textures in In Inr • In Canada. •d>»» ,—•. True love la more frequently talked about than seen. THE BL\CK AND THE GREY. A WISE NIRASt’RR JPROPOS- H4> AI.Ij too rate. I.re’* Recommendation or Confederate [Negro Eallotiyxento and <2eaerm! Emancipation. Gen. The following letter from Gen. R. E. Leo Will be read with Interest by those who have never seen It before : . iUtADQH’fl AltMY NoLTHEHN Ya., I January H, 1865. j Hon. Anpbew Hunt eh : I have re ceived your letter of the 7th Instant, and without confining myself to the order of your interrogatories, will en deavor to answer them by a statement of my own views on the subject. I shall be most happy If I can eon- tribute to the solution of a question in Which I feel an Interest commensurate with my desire for the welfare and hap piness of our people. ' ; ^ Considering the relation of master and slave, controlled by human laws and Influenced by Christianity and an enlightened public sentiment, as the bdet that can exist betweefl the white and blvik races, while Intermingled as at present fd this country, I would dep recate any sudden disturbance of that relation, unless it be necescary to avert a greater calamity to both. I should, therefore, prefer to rely 6n ounwhite population to preserve the ratio be tween our forces and that of the ene my which experience has shown to be safe. Rut In view of the preparations of our enemies, it is our duty to pre pare for continued war and hot for a battle or a campaign ; and I own I fear we cannot accomplish this without overtaxing the capacity of our white population. Should the war continue under ex isting circumstances, the enemy may, in course of time, penetrate our coun try, and get access to a large part of our slave population. It Is his avowed policy to convert the able-bodied men among them into aoldiers, and emanci pate ail. The sucsesj of the Federal arms in the South was followed by a proclamation from President Lincoln for two hundred and eighty thousand men, the effect of which will be to stlihulate the Northern States to pro cure as substitutes for their own peo ple the negroes thus brought within thoir reach. Many have already been obtained in Virginia, and should the fortunes of war expose^ more of her territory^ the enemy will gain a large accession of $trengtb. His pfogress will thus add to hla numbers, and at ths same time destroy slavery In a manner most pernicious to the welfare of our people. Their fcegroe* will be used to hold them in subjection^,leav ing the remaining force of the enemy free to extend his conquest. Whatever may be the effect of our employing negro troops, it cannot be as mischievous as this. If it end in subverting Mavery it will *be accom plished by ourselves ; and wo can de vise the means of alleviating the evil consequences to both races. I think, therefore, we must decide whether slavery shall be extinguished by our enemies and the slaves be used against us or use them ourselves at the risk of the effects which may be produced up on our social Institutions. My own opinion is that we should employ them without delay.' I believe that with propej regulations they can bo made effective soldiers. They possess the physical qualifications In an eminent degree. Long habits of obedience and subordination, coupled with that moral influence which in our country the white man possesser over the black, furnish the, best foundadation for that discipline, which is the surest guaran tee of military efficiency.; Our chief aim should be to secure their fidelity. There have been formidable armies composed of men having no interacts In the country for which they fought beyond thoir pay or the hope of plub- der. But it is certain that the best foundation upon which the fidelity of an army can rest, especially in a ser vice which imposes peculiar harpshlpe and privations, Is the personal inter est of the soldier In the issue of the contact. Such an interest w» can give our negroes by granting immediate freedom to ail who enlist and freedom at the end of the war to the familiee of those who discharge their duties faithfully (whether they survive or not,) together with the privilege of residing at the South. # * To this might be added a bounty for faithful servtce. We shoul^ not ex pect slaves to fight for prospective freedom when they can secure it at once by going to the enemy, in whose jervice they will Incur no greater risk than in oars. The reasons that Induce me to recommend the employment of negro troops at all render the eftect of the measures I have suggested upon slavery immaterial, and in my opinion the beet means of securing’the effi ciency aud fidelity of the auxiliary force would be to- accompany the measure with & well-digested plan of gradual and general emancipation. Kk ^ . ^ that will be the result of a continuance hatohe^fro'm* 6 of the war, and will certainly occur JI the enemy succeed, It Menu tome most advisable to adopt itat once, and thereby obtain all the benefits that will accrue to our cause. >/ \ The employmentof negro troops un der regulations similar to those Indi cated, would, in my opinion, greatly increase our military strength, and en able ns to relieve our white population to some extent. 1 think we could dis pense with the reserve forces except in cases 0! emergency. It would dlsap- point the hopes Which'our enemies have upon our exhaustion,' deprive ; them in a great measure of the aid they now derive from black troops, aud thus throw the burden of the war upon their own people. In addition to the great political advantages that would result to our cause from the adoption of a system of emancipation, it would exercise a aalutory Influence upon our negro population, by render ing more eecuro the fidelity of thoge who become soldiers, and diminishing the inducements to the rest to ab scond. ’ Vl! r ; , /• , ., : ^ >' J can Cnly say In conclusion that whatever measures are to be adopted should be adppted at once. Every day’s delay Increases the difficulty. Much time will be required to organ ize and discipline the men, and action may be deferred until It Is too late. Very respectfully, your obedient ser vant, R. E. Lee, GeneraL Rate* of AdvertUaf. •; Oneinch.enc Insertion. " “ “ p**!* snlweqnentiaNertiooJw ^ Quarterly, semt-wnsoal or yearly oontraefa made on liberal tems.. (Wract advertising is payaM# SOdsys s* , Itr nr?i inicrtion nnlets ntherwlaest^Balateff ' No communication will I* pnhlMisd na.' irs* accompanied by the name and wdjrew of the writer, not ne- tion, unembarrassed by constitutional scruples, to the preservation of North ern preponderance. The success of the | movement must depend almost en-' tlrely upon the spirit and conduct of 1 ta ad versarles. The Democratic lead* era may utterly explode It by lgn^ug the old sectional confliet, by refusing to dwell on historical Issues, and by appealing frankly and Intelligently to the people of the whole country with a policy addressed especially and su premely to vital considerations of the hour. These consideration^ < relate mainly to financial exigencies aod eCo- nomical problems. If the DemOortitic leaders in any manner evade these sub jects and undertake to meet their Re publican adversaries upon grounsf of the lattars own chooelng/they will do exactly what is beet adapted to con solidate the Grant movement and in- ‘ sure Us triumph.—Galveston News." One of the most brilliant weddings ’ ever seen in London took plaoe on ths^ 27th. The blgh-eobtracting parties-— Miss Minnie Stevens, daughter of Hm. Paran Steven?, of New York, and Ar thur Henry Paget, captain in ths Boots f Fusilier Guards, son of Lord Alfred Paget, fifth son of the Marquis of An- gleoey. The Prince of Wales, PrineeaT ] Louiae, Duke of Connaught and pun- dry of the nobility honored the cere mony with their presence, and the.' presents are represented ad numerous and costly. It is pleasant to see a young American lady get into a bato-'* nial house, even if she twenty-five removes from the coronet All the particulars are cabled to the New York Herald, with this comforting conciu- eton: "The affability of the members of the royal family is universally re-» marked. The Prince of’Wales evinced extraordinary condescension, paying a personal visit next day to the bride’s ' toother.” * - Dennis Kearney, tM notorious tator, in persona! appearance fs ' short and stout, clean ehavan^vtfih the exception of a mustache, whj$h is of light color. He Bus the true Hiber nian cant of features, neither repulsive nor yet attaaotive. While there Is no ' appearance of great intolleotual abili- . ty, yet he Impresses ose with the Idea that he baa a fair amount of eomnmu sense, is bold and courageous In presence of danger, and those qualities wtioh are) man who takes the front ! leader of his fellows, there soems to be s slight Mew!* < preseion of discontent, hi bis! 'J: v Impression of with som this IfbHd-l