7\
VOL. I. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNEoi)AY, JANUARY 2<S, 1885. NO. 18.
PM-aMWMeaBir'wniBiiiiiMiywM
WILMINGTON. COLL*M 1)1 A AND Al (STSTA
HAILUOAl).
Going S?ii? h No 4N no 4(1
Leave Wilmington 1> :w p in 11 Id ;> ni
Arrive ut Florence ! Ml? in 20 a t:i
Arrive itt Columbia < 40 it iw
f Going North No 4') no 17
Leave Columbia lOOOpni
Leave Florence 4 60 p in 1 ti'2 a in
Arrive at Wilmington . .7 40 p in <> 10 a in
Train no. 43 ?.iops at all stations, nos. 4S
and 47 stop onlv al Urinkley's, Whiteville,
Flcmingtmi, Fair lHufl", Marion, Florence.
Tiniinor.s ville, Sumter. caindcn .imiction ard
Iiastover. Passengers for Columbia and all
points on c is u r. is, c. c a- a h it, Aiken Junction
and all points beyond, should take No. 4S,
night express. Separate Palltnan sleepers
for Charleston and Augusta on trains 48 and
47. Al) trains run solid between Charleston
and Wilmington.
SPARTANHURO AND
AS UK VI L L1-] ItAILKOAD
On aucl sifter May 12, 1SS4, passenger
trains will be rnn daiiv, except Snmlnv, between
Spartanburg ami llemlersnnvillti as
fcjllows:
UP TliAIN.
Leave H. A D* Depnl at Sparlanburjr 0 0(1 j> in
^ Leave Spartanburg, A. L. depot.... 0 10 p in
Leave Saluda S 50 ii ui
Leave Flat Knck 9 15 p in
-4rrivo Henderson vilie 9 p ,-n
DOWN Mil .-(IN.
Leave Headcrsnnrillc fl 00 am
Leave Flat linck. S 15 a in
Leave Saluda S' 00 am
Leavr ir Line Junction 11 L'.i a in
Arrive 11. A 1) Depot Spartanburg 11 a ai
Trains on tbis road run by Air-Line time.
Both trains make cunncetiuis f<>:- Columbia
nnd Charleston via Spartanburg, I'nion and
Columbia: Atlanta and ("harlotte by Air Line.
JAMES AN DICKSON, Superintendent.
riONDENSKl) TIM K CARD
Magnolia Passenger Route.
In eft'ect September 14, ISSi.
GOING SOUTH.
Leave Ureonvrood..... *5 SO nni 1-1 00 pin
Arrive Augusta 11 30 am 8 50 pin
Leave Augusta. 10 30 am 0 00 pin j
Arrive Atlanta. 4 -15 pin tt 40 am !
Leave Augnsta 11 40 am
Arrivo Beaufort 5 50 pin
" I'ort Koval 6 05 pm
" Chaleston. G 50 pin
" Savannah G 42 pm
" Jacksonville U 00 am
GOING KOKTIl.
Leave Jacksonville 6 *0 pm
" Savannah G 55 am
" Charleston G 10 am
Irfove I'fii'l Knrnl 7 25 am
" Heaufnrt T 37 am
" Augusta 1 40 pm
Loave Atlanta +8 50 pin 1
Arrivo Ai?<runta <"> 10 mri !
Lure Augusta 4 00 pin 6 40 am |
Arrive Greenwood 9 00 pm 11 30 am I
Tickets on sale at Greenwood to all points
?it through ratca?cheeked to desti- j
nation. J
*Daily. tDailj, exeeut, Suiidnv.
W. F. SitKi.J.iian, T radio Manager. j
J N. 11 ass. Siipuniiiciidcnt.
? j
^TLANTIC COAST LINK, j
PASSKXGEll 1>F.PA1!MMKXT, |
Wilmiuyion, J\r. 'f uli; li'f/i, ISSJf. |
NEW LINE between Charleston nud
Columbia and Upper South Carolina.
COKOENKKt) SCilKfU I.K.
GO I KG (i()I.Ml
WltaT. K AST.
T on nm Lv....Charleston .... Ar. 0 45 pm
8 40 li '* .... Litiii'S. . * H t* j *4
0 43 it " ....Sumter. 14 <i bb '
] 1 00 pm Ar. . . . ('(ilnu-.hia .. . IjV. 5X0 "
2 SI " " Wiiin.-iboro ... " 3 48 "
S 45 " " OlicMtcr " ! 44 "
5 35 " " Yctrkrilie " 100 ?
C 25 " ' ... . Lancaster ' 0 00 "
6 00 " " ltock Hiil " 1 UU "
fi 15 " " . ...Uharlotlo " 1 0:1 "
Tis' pm Ar.... Newbcrrv I.v 02 pnt I
HOD " " .... (?reen\v<i(?i| ' 12 4H "
?j 50 " " ... Lauren* " 7 40 mil
6 18 " " Anderson " 10 33 "
0 04 " " ... .Greenville " 0 50 "
T 0:! " " ... . Walhalla ' K 50 ?
4 45 " " ....Abbeville " 1100 "
5 50 " " .... Simrtanbnrp ... ' 1050 "
0 SO I" " ... Ilcndcrauuvillv.. " 8 00 "
Solid Trains botwecn Charleston uisd Columbia,
K. C.
J.*F. 1)1 VIX K, T. M. KMRllSOX.
Oen'l Sup't. (f?n'l Pas. Agent.
C^OLUMllTA A XI)
J GKEENVILIiK UATLKOAl).
On ami ftc>r October 5, 1831, Passkxiiku
Trajxs will run as herewith indicated upon
thitt road and its branches.
Ihtilxj, p.rcept Shnduvtt.
Xo. 53. UP I'ABSENGKR'_
i/VHYt* i.nniuiniit r>. u. junci) luiJ pm
" Columbia C. A CS. I) "11 10 pm
Arrive Altitun 12 10 p ni
" Newltcrrv 1 13 pm
Ninety-Six 2 47 p m
( recmruorf 3 00 p in
llnil^cd Z 33 p in
licitnn 4 'ID p in
?t (irccnritle ? 05 p m
No. 52. DOWN' 1\VSSKX<1EK.
Leave (Sreenrille at 9 5ft a ni
Arrivu Helton 11 13 a in
Hodges 12 23 p in
(irecuwood 12 4R pin
1 Ninety-Six 1 32 p hi
Newberry 3 02 p in
AlKtnn 4 10 p ni
' Columbia C. A fJ. I) 5 15 pm '
Arrive Columbia SO. Junc'n 5 30 p in
m*ARTAKIirRn, VSION & COl.l'MIIIA It A11. ROAIt.
NO. 53. b*r l'ASSKNwKI!.
Leave Alston 12 ?2 p m
" l-niou S 55 pm
" Spurtanburg, S.U.AC.depot 5 50 p in
XO. u'J. DOWN l'ASSUN'UKK.
Lt ' vc Spart'jj It. A F). Repot .... 10 35 a m
" Snart'jf 8. U. A C. Depot .10 50 am
" l.nion 12 50 pm
Arrivo at Alaton 2 40 |> iu
I.Al'REKS UAIL.UOAD.
Lenre Newberry 3*0 pm
Arrire at LauronH C. II. 6 50 pm
Leave Lauren.* C. II 7 40 a in
Arrii'a nt VflU'hrti?ia? 11 1A
A BBKVI I.I.E nil A sen.
Leave Hodge*.. . 8 45pm
Arrive at Abbeville 4 -45 j> m
Leave Abbeville 11 00 a in
Arrive at Hodjres 12 00 p m
HI. UK KIDHK R AI LKOAII AND ANDERSON BR ASCII.
Leave Bolton 4 45pm
Arrive Anderaon i IS pin
" l'endletou 5 5f> p in
" Heiiccu a C 40 p m
Arrive at Walliallu 7 0.1 p id
Leave Walhalla S 50 h m
Arrive Seneca 0 15am
" J'ondleton , 0 52am
Andermin 103:1am
Arrive at Holt on II 08 a m
COSXKCTJOXS.
A. Willi finulh fun I!... -oil.. A t
Charleston: with Wilmington, Columbia nnd
Augusta railroad from Wilmington and all
EointS QArth thereof; with Chat-lotto,Columia
and Augusta railroad from Charlotte and i
all points north thereof. II. With Ashaville
and Kpartanbnrg railroad from and for points
in Western N. Carolina. C. With Atlanta and
Charlotte dly Richmond and Danville railway
for Atlanta and all points south and west.
Standard Eattern Tim?.
G. It. TALCOTT, Superintendent.
M. SLAt'OBTKH.Oen'l Passenger Agt.
I). Cakbwem., Ass't Gen'l Pass. Agt.
' - ^ ..
I*';, i. .
SOUTH CAROLINA
11AIMV AY CO Ml* A N V
Commencing Sunday. Sept. "tli, 1SS1, :i
2 '.\b a in, Passenger f rains will run as follow
until further notice, "Lastern time:"
Col v in b iti /': r /* in n?1) a i 1 v.
Leave Columbia 7 -IS a in 5 27 |> t
Due at Charleston 12 2"> ji ni it i?S p i
Leave Charleston 7 on a in 4 j> i
Due nt Columbia ........11 00 j> in y 22 a i
Camden Division?Daily ftxeept Sundays.
Leave Columbia 7 4H n m > 27 ?> t
Due Camden 12 A5 p m 8 25 p t
Leave Camden 7 15 a in 4 00 p i
Due Colurfibia 11 00 p in i> 22 p i
A t/1/nxtit I>irisit,a ? Daily.
Leave Columbia 5 27 p i
Due Augusta 7-11 a m
Leave Augusta ."> 50 p m
Due Columbia 22 p in
Coll liet't inns
Made at Columbia with Columbia and Green
villc railroad by train m:ivimr at 11 00 a. in
and departing at 5 27 p. in.: at Colnmbi
Juiiciion with Chariot I e. Columbia and Au
Kiisin raiiroaii iiy same irtnn to ami lrom al
points on both roads.
At Charleston with steamers for Xew Yor
on Saturday; ami on Tuesday and Saturdu
with steamer for Jacksonville and points o
St. John's river; iiImi, with (Charleston nn
Savannah Railroad to mid from Savanna
and all points in Florida.
At Anjinsta with ttcor;ria and Central rail
roads to and from all points West and South
nt Hlackville to and from all points on Ham
well railroad. Through tickets can b> pur
chased to all points South and West by apply
inpr to
1). McQtTK.r.x, A front, Columbia, S. C.
Joiin II. 1'i:ck, (Jetieriil MaiiHirer.
1). C. A i.i.en, (ten. l'uss. and Ticket As'
Richmond ami daxvim.k
railroad,
/' iprentfrr Drpartmtnt.?On and after Aug
3d. 1SS4. passenger train service on the A
and C. Division will bo ns follows:
JVitrlhiC'in?. Xo. 51* No. 5:1
Leave Atlanta \ 'IK p in 8 -10 n ti
arrice Gainesville 0 57 j> in 10 .*.5 a i:
Lula a 7 25 p in 11 01 a i:
Kabun Gap jur.c h S 12 p in 11 30 s n
Toccoa c 8 54 p in 12 04 p ii
Seneca Cilv </ 1) 5!) n m 1 00 11 r
Central . 10 32 p m 1 62 p n
Liberty 10 53 p in 2 IH p i
Knslcr 11 10 p in 2 27 p r
Greenville r 11 42 ]> in 2 17 j> n
Spartanburg/ .... 1 01 a in 3 5(1 y n
(iastnnia </ 8 20 n in 5 54 p n
charlotte h 4 10 a m 0 40 p n
South wiiri/. No. 50* No. ?2
Leave cliarlotlc 1 45 n in 1 00 p n
arriretSastonia 2 lifl a m 1 45 p n
Spartanburg ... 4 2S n in 3 <5 p n
(Srccuvillv 5 43 a in 4 55 p n
Kasley 6 17 a in S !fi p n
Liberty ft 34 a ni 5 12 p i:
contral 0 55 a in G GO p n
Seneca city 7 33 a m 7 30 p i;
Toccita 8 40 a m 7 35 p n
Unbiin Uapjnnc. . . II 34 a in ft 30 p n
Lola 10 09 a lu 8 51) p u
Gainesville 10 30 a in H 25 p n
Atlanta . . . 1 (II) p in 11 30 a i:
vL.\pivss. i.Mail.
l-'ivijilit trains on this ryad all curry passen
passenger trains run through to Dan
ritlc ami connect with Virginia Midland rail
?nv in 1111 (MMfni rincs, an;i ai .iiiama wil
all linos iliverjrinjr. N<>. leaves Hjclimmv
:il 1 ;> in and No. :>! arrivos then* :it '1 j> in; 6
leaves Kic'immxl at 2 2S a ns, 53 sirrivcs tlier
at 7 -II a in
jQ^JdCt SJce/iitu/ C'ur.s icithou
chriiif/c: Oh trains Nos. 50 and 51, Nov
York a';d Atlanta, via Washington am
Danville, Greensboro and Aahevillc; oi
trains Nos. 52 and 53, Itiohmond am
Danville, Washington, Augusta and Nov
Orleans. Through tickets on sale ?
Charlotte, Greenville, Seneca, Spartan
burg nud Gainesville to all points south
southwest, north and east. A connect
with N. E. railroad to and from Athens
b with N. E. to and from Talhiluh Kails
r with El. Air Line toandfiom Elbertoi
and Ilow?*rsville; <1 with 15iu?; llidjre t
and from Waihulhi; r. with and (i. t>
ami from (iri'i'iiwmi'1, N> W\->'rry, AIsloi
and Columbia; J with A. iL" S. nml S
I'. ?Sr ('. to siid inr.n llembrsonvilh1
x-.. .. t :
tn h!tii from '.'in-ster, Yo.kvilU- ?r.d l)nl
;is; h with N". divi.-i?i:i and C. C
A. to arid from (in-^nslmro. Iiniciuh. &i
l''.nnf:;i> i*!:?:Ku:v, !>upt.
M. Slnmjhte.i'. (* 'Mi. I'i'f's. Apt.
A. li. Kiv<?<?, 2<l V. I'. anil (Jou. Man.
^ M. AIKEN,
('oLcstn/yii /'. ()., S.
is ilulv authorized and licensed fur Abbevill
county to write risk.* on
Dwrllings and l-'uvntturc, Uiti'tiH, Sin
blofi nml Conlciils, (inclu?'inir live
stock) Ktorcs, WnrohiMiKi's ami
fitockK Therein, C'liiirclifw,
Millu and Cotton (haled.)
in the /.? >tpoul anil I.omlou ami (11 !-. f:i
surancc Co., ayainst loss or damage hy FlitK
in the l'o.-kt*trr (ifrumu Insurance Co.
acrainst loss or damage bv F1KK or LIGHT
NINO.
Hates low : companies solvent: no litign
ti.;?i. For particular.-., address at; above.
aplS?1
I ?A li til l 1 IM,,
Mns. M. W. Thomas, Proprietress.
I!i'<mi1 s<r?cl, Anjustn, (i-n.
jj L. MABRY,
Atorney nnd Counsellor ?t Low.
AHEVIJ,I,E v. 11., 8. c.
Offico formerlj* occupiod by Judg
Thomson. if
I<. W. riCKniV. T. P. COTHIIAM.
pEUHIX A C'OTHRAN,
Attornoys at Lnw,
Abbeville 8. C
w. o. nKKKT, JAS. H. HICK. I,. W. smith
Abbeville. Ninety-Six, Abbeville
JJENET, RICE A SMITH,
Attornoys at I>aw.
Will nrn.rtii'p in nil thn f'mirfH nf tli
Statu, an?l give prompt attention to al
legal buxincBS entrusted to them.
JjXCHANGE HOTEL,
Grhknvim.k. R. C.
THE ONLY TWO-CLASH HOTEL II
THE WORLD.
W. It. Whitk, Pkoi'ribtor.
C. WILLIAMH,
Hukof.on Dektirt,
Groonw'ood, 8. C.,
TO TIIFj SISCXtKTAHY OF AV Alt.
t
s (Jeneiul Slicrmnii'H Attempt to Wrijj
kIp Out or a Fata
h
n
i, Washington*, January 12.?Gotten
11 Sherman's letter to the Secretary <
War, consequent upon the Davis deni.t
,, has been given to the press, anil is a
" follows:
Washington, D. C., January 0. 188:
" ?lion. Robert T. I.incoln, Secretary c
War, Washington, P. C., Sir?1 be.? t
submit fur vnnv ?>r?iiuiili>rn?i<ni nn.l
posal this paper, to lie filed with th
i. war records which may aid others i
il search of truth. Recently, at St. Louis
11 Mo., my present residence, T was invite
j_ to assist in dedicating a new hall for th
v use of Frank 1*. lUair l'ost No. 1 of th
!J Grand Army of the Republic, compose
h exclusively of Union soldiers, their wive
and children?a family affair. in no sens
i: a public meeting. The oxreises consiste
of short speeches, interspersed wit
- army songs. 1 was one among man
speakers and my remarks were purel
extempore, without manuscript or note
' | of any kind. My recollection of what
- did say isabontthis: I congratulated th
members of the post on having secure
. so good a hall in so convenient a neigh
borhood; in the interest manifested b
f. so full an attendance; that it was goo
11 i for old soldiers to meet and interchang
Hi.
? ; the memories and traditions of a war i
" ! which they had home an honorable part
? I that historical memoirs ami stories wor
11 j being published; that the (jovcrnmcn
? ; was making progress in the puhlicatio
11 ! of the official reports and correspondenr
? |?Union and Confederate; that, never
11 theless, all these fell short of the whol
,, truth; that encli man's memory retainer
11 things of still greater interest to us (th
n j survivors), and that 1 myself had soei
j and expressed much that had never boon
ii j and would probably never bo, published
" j illustrating the assertion by what or
n ! curred in Louisiana prior to February 2-1
11 j 1801. when 1 left the State; of letters ant
u |
n j papers captured throughout the war; tha
J I had seen papers which convinced in
- j that even Mr. Davis, the President of th<
i Southern Confederacy, had during tin
ii I progress of the war changed his State"
i rights doctrines and had threatened t<
u &
i use force?even hue's army?should air
^ J State of tho Confederacy nuompl ii
i j secede from that (iovcrninent, etc.
1 I
i j n>XTi:ovi-i:sY ai:ccsk:>.
j I had no thought or e\poctation tha
I j these remarks vroul.i he published a
- .?il, uitH'h less in a garbled form to ocea
' sion discussion and ill-feeling; yet
^ shrink from no just responsihility fo
! every \vor?l uttered, at any time. Twi
i of the St. Louis morning papers did puh
[) lish reports of that meeting, including
J " my speech,much condensed, and, a
usual, much improved by the intelligen
i, reporters, who, ignoring the c.?nte.\t
< laid particular stress on " tho letter o
' President Davis to tlin CJovernor of i
State, now a Senator, whose name wa
not given." Mr. Davis, from his lioim
at l>eauvoir, lias quoted these reports
and in a card addressed to the St. Loui
itr/mm ican nas pronounced my assor
tion fitlsv ami me a slanderer, lie ha
never addressed li.e to inquire hov
much of truth was contained in the quo
p .
tntions, nor has any friend of his dom
so. Many others have, and I havi
answered them frankly, always dis
countenancing discussion in newspapers
The world heeds but little what I thin!
of Mr. Davis or he of me: but all di
: want to know the "truth and nolhinj
I but the truth."
TIIE SOUTiiKUX C'OXKI'lliACY.
1 have said a thousand limes, and nov
. Kay again, there was a conspiracy
throughout the Southern .States in tlx
winter of 18(50-1; that I myself wa
approached by a member of the Knight:
of the (iolden Circle; that the head o
~ that conspiracy was in Washington; tha
its object was to destroy our Govern
mcnt and raise a plutocracj' at the South
[ cannot state the proposition bette
than John G. Nicolay has already dow
in his admirable work, ' The Outbronl
0 of llebellion," the first of the Scribne
scries, and that the cause permeated tin
navy is demonstrated by Admira
Autumn in his contribution to the sanv
scries, entitled "Tito Atlantic Coast,'
both using the plain words "conspiracy1
and "conspirators."
For the nature and kind of govcrmcn
^ in Richmond 18(i4?5 I refer the studen
i, to I>r. Draper's third volume, pages 44;
and 440. "Civil War in America," and
as for the conspiracy itself, to "McPlter
son's History of tho llebellion," las
6(1!lion, pages .?5?l and tfUZ.
1 Hut it is my own personal experienc
to which I propose in the main to limi
- myself; not* to ono single disjoints
paragraph, but to the whole subjec
matter. For the binding force of ai
oath, with the "exceptions." I taki
^ Grotius, who is good authority the worh
over, and refer the curious to Book II
Chapter 13, "Bights of War and Peace;'
- and for "conspiracy" and "rebellion,'
to Johnson's Dictionary. Grotius define
treason as synonymous with assassina
tion, and it has proven strangely true ii
our case, through ho wroto his famous
hook in 1(525.
TREASONABLE DIsrATCIlKS.
Page *19(5, Volume 1, Soiie:* 1, Official
Ilecord of the Union and Confederate
,| Armies, contains two dispatches?the
>f first from Senators benjamin and Slidell
^ to 1). W. Adams, President Military
s Hoard, New Orleans; the second from
.John Slidell alone to Governor Moore
of Louisiana?which arc conclusive of a
(f (reasonable correspondence to compel
0 the State authorities to seize by force the
arsenal at Baton Kongo, the forts at the
r month of the Mississippi, &<t. These
? two disj?ntches were not at all of said
s correspondence, because when in New
,j Orleas, February 20-24. 18(51, I was
,, much of the time with my old nrmy coin0
radc, General Praxton Hragg, who con
,1 icmicui mat the seizure ot tlie arsenal
,s and forts was a defensive measure; and
0 ho showed me copies < ! loiters from
,] Senators Benjamin and r>iidell, addressed
I, to Oovernov Moore (whoso aid Hrajrg
y was), witten on paper headed "United
y States Senate"?for they were then Senas
tors under the oath proscribed hv the
j Constitution.
e UKCOI.I.KCTMXS t)F ri5F.S!l>ENT PAV1S.
I
l' Now, as to Mr. JeJiorson Davis, his
* general history is ptettv well known and
V Hppreeiated. His own history of (lie
uRiso and Fall of the Southern Confa'cL
racy," <( Id Gibbon, is public nnd subn
ject to every man's criticism; bot #f t
' him. too, I have personal knowledge,
15 ! not meant for publication, but to become |
t | a 1. _ uM'. 1 ? ? f '? '
i? |?;u i ui iiiu i r.'uiHions 01 tne t;i\il
11 , War" which the Grand Army will pie0
1
servo.
KIUESI>I,Y couhksl'ox OKNl'F. I
(j | I lcopt up my correspondence with the
c | officers of the institution over which I
;i ! hid presided ni.ti 1 May 13, lfitil, slid 1 (
( have before in" a copy of this correspond- ,
1 ence with original letter of HihxIoii
Bragg, and many others in Louisiana.
^ After ihe war was over in 1H(>5, I went ,
j hack to Louisiana to help nil I could |
t to re-establish the military academy and |
p seminary of learning, of which I had
L, been president, and it exists to-day .
1? under tiie title of the Louisiana IJnivers
sity. Subsequently, when my personal j
:) friend, Henry Stanbury, was Attorney- (
. I < J ei;?Tnl. I intereivleil mnl siiloil
I ernor Thomas O. M?>"r>4 to :v"-uin r?osH>- '
i I . . 1
sion of his plantation a? ilayou Hubert,
on" the e>:press ground that under the
pressure brought to hear 011 him from
t Washington he could hardly help actl
ing as he ?ii<i in 1S<? 1. I also renewed 1
* my correspondence with (Jeneral Bragg;
1 tiiedali I could to help liim regain his
r property, nud tin* last It;tier I iiml re- '
" corded is dated St. l.onis. Mo., January
2S, 18(57, and addressed to him at the
- St. Louis Hotel, New Orleans, advising
s Mm ks to the measures he should pur- i
1 sue to establish the claim of his wife for
? certain forage and supplies taken by the
f I'nion troops from her plantation ; also
!l to aid hiui in his declared purpose to be.
s come connected with the management of
R the Opclousas Kailroad. i
' In the summer of 18G3, when Vickss
burg surrendered to General Grant, he
ll 1 1 11 ??/l inn U'illi ? cn<!i??i?n t ^
s catch or drive hack the Confederate |
r army under General Joseph K Johnson,
" which had been assembled for the relief
e of the beleaguered garrison, That army
L> took refuge in Jackson, Miss., which 1
* closely besieged. Rome of the foragers
* of the army found it) the garret of the
{ house of Mr. .Joe K. Davis, a brother to
9 Jctfrrson Davis, a box containing his pri*
vate papers ami brought it to camp.
Hearing that papers of Mr. Davis were
being scattered about for autographs and
r hs souvenirs, I sent for the box and had
i. it brought to my bivouac, and held it in
L, my personal posession from about July
s 15th to August 5th, 1863. During that
s time I examined some of the contents,
f cosisling of a large number of letters
t addressed to Mr. Davis during a period
. of ten years, including (he time when
Montgomery, Ala., was the capital of the
j. Confederacy, vith marginal notes in his
P hand, and rolls of memoranda and notes '
; in his handwritnig of speeches made or ,
r to be made. This hox was sent to Gen.
5 Grant's Adjutant General (Rawlins) in ^
1 Vickshnrg, with a request to send It on
e to Washington, along with uiy letter,
i which is of record, dated Camp on l'ig
> Black, August5, 1803. Col. 11. K. Scott,
who had chargo of the records of the
t war?Union and Confederate?writes of
t recent date that his private papers had
? boon returned to Mr. Davis by RecroI
tary of War McCrary. All 1 wish hore
to remark is that I sent it as it came into
^ my poscssion, except thnt I withdrew
and sent to the authorities three several
e letters written to Davis, at Montgomery,
, by officers of undoubted loyalty, which
j I feared uii<rltt coinproniisojthem if ihoy
^ fell into unfriendly hands, because at
l thnt day tlto name of Mr. Davis was syne
onyinons w't'i T?98on.
1 davis hatkii uy routhkhn leaders.
, Aprain in 18G4, when wo wore in pos"
session of Augusta. G?., I saw familiarly
" a groat nntnbor of gentlemen of that
s State, with whom 1 conversed freely.
- They spoke openly and unreservedly of
n the tyranny of tho Confederate authori
ties in Richmond, and of Mr. Pa vis par- im
ticularly. 1H* was tlu? head of theOov- O*
eminent, the Commander-in-Chief of 0<
its armies. His character was an e'einent
in the problem of the war for putting
down the rebellion, in which at the ,M
time I was an important factor. The
cost of the war was then a matter of intense
interest to Mr Lincoln, 2*r. Stan- ^?'
ton, Mr. Chase and other leaders in >vt
Washington. On the 15th of Septeniher,
l.S'54, I telegraphed to General Hal- or;
leek, in Washington : "Governor TTtfown t,M
has disbanded his militia to gather the r-(
corn and sorghum of the State. 1 have ?'
reason to believe lie and Stephens want CU|
to visit use, and liave sent them a hearty
invitation." Two days aftor I received it'
from President Lincoln this dispatch : 1'?
"1 feel great interest in the subject of en
your dispatch, mentioning corn andsorg- j
hum and the contemplated visit to you." '
On the same day I answered him direct, coi
bv teleeram : "1 will tln> I w.?
inonL fully nrivixptl of all the develop- fit
nt on is connected with the suhjccts in lin
which yon feel interested. Mr. Wright, Co
former member of Congress from Home, X<
(la., ami Mr. King of Marietta, are now no
going between Governor Brown and my- | in>
self. I have said to them tlmtsome of the | an
people of (ieorgiaare engaged in rebel- j foi
lion, begun in error and perpetuated in j A
pride; l>wt that Georgia onn now save mi
herself from the devastations of war, da;
preparing for her, only by withdrawing r?i
her quota of the Confederate army and { fav
siiiing mi! to expell Ilood from the hor- cei
d.-rs of the State ; in which event, in- j wn
stead of devastating the land as we pro- j wl
gross, I will keep our men in the high i at
roads and commons, and pay for the corn ! ric
and meat we need." cle
DAVIS Ri:Sl'KCTlN!? UKOKOIANS. U!l'
Mr. Lincoln with his wonderful s:i- 001
jjacitv, saw that .Jell*. Davis' visit to cs<"
% * I 1
lieorgia in September, 18t>4. was rather
jn account of Stephens and Brown than ^ 1
Hood. He was a statesman, 1 a mere !,ni
soldier, who watch the desperate move '<>r
lor its military chances, and 1 was ahso- ')rt
lately convinced that Davis then sus a
period the fidelity of Stephens and l'ai
?Brown to him as tho head and front
;>f tiie "Hiclimond Confederacy," for it 11,11
liad ceased to be a confedtM'ncy of ltsov- ^>':l
L-icign States." The "secession"' of 18(>1
hud hecomo "separate Stat.- action'' in '
and Davis was opposed to it. as he '
ivell might he. (.See his letter to the nia
lieorgia Senators, page 2U1, American kn
Annual Cyclopaedia, 1SG1.) Had (Jeor- [2i
.Ma wiuiiiruwn 111 ibb-i, tuo Uonleileracy 'I'll
would have collapsed as a bubble, and am
Uoorgia, South Carolina am! North Car- (Yo
iilina would have escaped the dovasta
lion which necessarily followed. \\*i
m:. HTEI'ilKN'H OtMNIOX OK DAVIS. illj
Wliou in Atlanta, I had poscssion of w'
;i vast amount of captured letters and e<"
newspapers, which enabled ine to trace SCM
lh? current of public opinion in the t',sl
South, which is as much an element of cai
force as that of muskets. I have now tlM
before me an original letter from Alex- ',c
andrtr II. Stephens, Vice-President of
the Southern Confederacy, to Hcrschel
V". Johnson, of almost equal faiue, dated 'e^
Crawfordsviilo, (Ja., April S, 1804. ('f
[This letter was printed in full in the
Herald a few days ago.] 1 have never ''u
upoken or written of Mr. Davis as plainlv
as Mr. Steuben's did in Anril 1S04. I)a
after ho had been associated with him s'i
:lireo years in the Government of the *^<
Confederacy. At the time of my remark ,n!
nt the Frank 1'. Blair l'ost 1 was not in so'
poscssion of this particular letter hut 1
knew of the opinions of Mr. Stephens,
which were then shared hy many of the !,Cl
most intelligent men of Georgia. And I tul
also copy a slip cut out of n Southern ftn
newspaper in March, 18G1, and pre- l'c
served hy one of the officers of the army r,rl
as i sample of those referred to hy Mr.
Stephens, as published under Davis' oai
very nose hy editors recognized as organs
uf the administration : no
"HTATK SOVKUEIONTV PLAYED OUT.'' J"'
in
"The Richmond Enquirer was tho or- ^
jail of the extreme Slates rights party
of Virginia for many years. We be- ' j
lieve it was the original publisher and
advocate of the doctrine of ".18. The
001
following from a late number of the
air
Richmond Enquirer shows the States
rights idea in full blossom : 'Xo convention
is needed; for what is the sov- ^
creignty of a State needed in the eon- j
vention ? Has not State sovereignty ^
been tho weakness of the cause? If
during the liTo and death struggle with
the compress of a common danger to
hold togethoMheso States thiR principie
of Slate sovereignty was continually Mi
obstructing itself, delavinir and nrevont- rei
ing the legislation neccssary to the com- sei
mon defense, impairing tliat authority of
intrusted with the general welfare and <]u
impeding the execution of tho laws *e'
necessary and proper to the success of an
the cause, is it to he supposed that when
pence returns, this principle of State Be
sovereignly will permit tho Confedera- ftc
cy to exist one year ? How long would Al
Governor Brown permit '.he people of a f
Georgia to bo taxed to pav tho debt of ?a
the country ? Even during the strug- ov
gle?ho a very ordinary Governor?preaumes
to critiswe Goneral Lee's military hi
??n???aw?g?
vements, and undertakes to say that
mural Knrly should have been sent to
orgia instead of to Washington.
ut?> sovereignty?thus presuming to
d^e oT matters intrusted to the C'onlerate
Executive?undertakes to de oy
the efficiency of that executive
<1 t?? subvert all measures undertaken
the common defense and general
dfare. The conduct of certain States
opposition to the laws passed for the
janizatiiwi of the army and pre.iervan
of discipline has caused many men to
lonsuW t'seir long cherished doctrine
State sovereignty and to come to the
r.rlnsion that while in theory it is
autiful and true, in fact and practice
s utterly defective. This|<*an.se needs
wer, and power to raise men, suhsistce
and not soveregntv.'"
CON r K l>KU A TK 1 > KKTOTISM.
The annv which I ha?l tho honor to
imnand in Atlanta moved forward to
vannah. Cia.; to Columbia, S. G. ; to
ildshoro and Raleigh, in North Oaroa,
nearly a thousand miles inside the
nfoderacy, and during that period?
vemher, 18G4, to April, 18(?5? I witsscd
hundreds, if not thousands, of
stances of the effect of tho measures
il policy which Mr. Stephens had
oseen were leading up to despotism.
Confederate officer who had been
ich in Washington in untc-bellum
ys told me that we officers of the
pilar army used to comtdnin of tlu> !
oritism extended to certain army oflis
stationed at Washington, but this
s nothing compared to tho favoritism i
lich at that moment (1S65) prevailed1
iiiehinond, and that the sons of the j'
li and intluentinl sought and obtained j
rk ships in the departments, details to
.her the tax in kind, to enforce the
iscript law, railroad service, etc., to
ape service in the Confederate ranks,
iclieved him and 1 believe him now. i
c continued to gather in from public i
.1 private sources much valuable in- ]
inatiou which may never be revealed, i
>ving to my mind that the government
liichmond, partly from conviction and i
tlv from desperation, had thrown off i
1 mask and had passed from a conl'edcr- <
nn of .sovereign and independent
lies to a despotism almost personal to I
. Davis himself. I
JOYKHNOK VANC.'K AKH.WO OF f AVI.'. :
i'lto surrender <>f Leo's army at Appo- '
ttox occunvil April i), 1S05; was '
own to me at Smith field, X. on the '
I
h, and announced in general orders,
at night 1 reached Gulloy's station, '
1 there ca.ne n locomotive and car J
m ltaleigh with three commissioners 1
Messrs. Graham. Swaim, and Surgeon
urren, of the Confederate arnij*?bearC
a letter from Governor Vance, of '
lieh I do not possess a copy. These
mmissioncrtf said t>? nie, without re vi>,
that when Governor Vance
^patched them from Raleigh to my
np at. Guiley's he wanted to make
ins for the Slate, and afterward that
was afraid of Jell'. Davis. At Kalcigh,
jugh the mass of the public records
d been carried off, yet a number was
t behind at the State House and at the
.vomer's mansion, called the "pnhiee,"
i;ch we occupied as headquarters
ring our stay there?viz., from April
lo April 20, 18155. These record*: and
pers were overhauled by provost innriis
and clerks, who delivered to the
ljutant General (Sawyer) such ns conned
material information. and my pernal
attention was only drawn to such
were deemed of suflic ii nt importance,
nong the books collected at the "pals''
in Raleigh was a clerk's or aecre y's
copybook containing loose sheets
d letters, among which was the parnlar
letter of Mr. Davis to which 1
lerred in my St. Louis "speech." I
ve it little attention at the time, be
-*r? i\ ? *
use iur. i/uvih whs men I11IDS01I a
jjitive, and his opinions had little or
importance; hut it explained, to my
ml, why Governor Vance, after send;
to me commissioners to treat for his
!?te separately, had not awaited my
swrr. It was the subject of common
k about my headquarters at the time,
as stated by Colonel Dayton in a rout
letter to me from Cincinnati: "I
i quite suro that wo generally talked
nt it was the desire of Governor Vance
d the State officials to take North
rolina out of the Confederacy, as 1
vo stated, but they were afraid of Jef son
Davis and wanted protection."
THE IlEOOltns DUIINKD.
r\ a l i . * 1 a f r i
miring iiiu camjJiiijJiii 01 1001-o 1 C1IU
t incumber myself much with papers,
iny were destroyed, and only essential
ports, roturns and information were
nt at convenient intervals to my chief
stafT, General Webster, hack at hendarters
in Nashville, which headquarrs
shifted to Savannah, Washington
d Anally to St. I/ouis. Here in the
miner of 1865 all were collected tother
by Adjutant Generals Sawyer and
Chester, porperly filed and indexed,
t that date there was no such thing as
ioparate bureau of war records, and
ch division and department kept its
irn papers. Col. Rochester is still
ring, but Sawyer died at St. Louis at
b post Decembor 26, 1866, and wm
mjUB III WMWMMM????
succeeded by Adjutant General W. A.
Nichols, who had charge of these record*
till February, 1H<?0, when I was transferred
to Waxhington, and my successor,
Cieneral Sheridan, removed the headquarters
of the division with its records
to Chicago, where his olfice and most of
its contents were consumed in the great
fire of 1871. Whether the particular
letter referred to was consumed in that
lire 1 know not, but I do know it existed
in 1SC>5, and believe that its 8ubstance
will bo revealed when Mr. Davis
supplies to the bureau of war records
copies of his own letters during th?
years 1804-5.
1 feel for Senators Brown and Vance
a strong personal respect, and believe
imr action during Iho war and sincc lias
boon manly and fair; but there was a
correspondence between the Governors
of States in rebellion with the Richmond
authorities about the "conscript law,
the suspension of the writ of habeas
crop us- and the use of State troops,"
which, if published, would bo a valuable
contribution to the "history of our
times." I never had any feeling of bitterness
toward the soldiers of tho South
who fought and took nil the chances of
battle, because I know the influences
which had made them believe they were
fighting for their own country and for
freedom, but toward tho orginal conspirators
I did feel a wrath somewhat
akin to that of Mr. Stephens in April,
1801, which he described as enough
to burst 10,1)00 bottles. Yet even as to
them, if convinced that 1 have been
deceived or convinced that I have been
deceived or "bamboozled," J shall not
hesitate to admit it, although it will
take more denials than any I have yet
heard or.seen in print.
PKltKIOY OK DAV13.
I have never been personally acquainted
with Mr. Davis, because I was in
California during the whole period of
his administration of the War Department
(1853-57;) but during the civil
War ami since his name has been used
universally as synonymous with treason
and cause of the rebellion, with its lists
id* hundreds of thousands of the bravest
youth of our land dead or mangled with
the necessary waste and devastation of
property, with an awful debt and with
x pension roll of !fG0,(XX),(K)0 at this very
tate. If I am prejudiced agiinst him
personally it arises from the fact that
lie, more than any living man, baa
brought reproach on the military
icauemy una regular army, with wbicu
he was associated from 1824 to 1835, by
impairing the fume they had earned for
fidelity to their oaths, to recover which
we have had to buttle with an adverse
public opinion evor since. While he
was a cadet and an army officer he must
have taken the customary oaths to "support,
maintain and defend the Constitution
of the United states against all hor
enemies whomsoever." and while Secretary
of War and Senator in Congress he
must have taken a similar oath; yet he
did conspire with others as early as
January, 1861, after Mr. Lincoln was
fairly and constitutionally elected President
of the United States, to destroy
ihe very Government which he had
sworn to defend, and he did set up an*
other Government necessarily hostile to
it, of which he became *tho head, and
did, while President of the Southern
Confederacy, change his Slate's rights
principles, the very doctiine on which ho
had justified secession from the United
States and then opposed State sover
eignty. Those are plain, plausible facts,
not likely to be forgotten l>y the present
generation or the next, if ever. ' I 6ay*
therefore, with full kuowldge of the
consequences, he enrolled hi* name
with liio; o of Ann Id and liurr instead
.?f?as he might havo done?with
Washington and Lincoln.
This is h11 I propose to say at this
time. Meantime the Government will,
I trust, go on to publish the records and
correspondence of the war, both Uniou
and Confederate, and I can await the result
with perfect composure.
The Grand Army of the Republic also,
with its 4,0(K) posts and its 254.454 old
Union Soldiers, will continue to meet,
interchange their thoughts, sing their
5'utriolic songs ana perpetuate tho memories
and traditions of tho war of tho
rebellion, quite as important and quite
as lusting as can bo tho more formal
documentary history.
No nation can afford to put fidelity
and treachery on a par and and hope to
survive, and that this Government
means to survive and perpetuato its in->
valuable advantages I have abundant
faith.
1 will also append to this letter copies
of documents, one of which?tho "hocret"
message of Mr. Davis of February
3, 18(54, to the Confederate Congress?
mis never doiore, 10 my Knowieflgn,
been published. The original was cap*
tared and is held l?y a friend, who claims
it us a trophy. I am with great respect,
your obedient servant,
W. T. Sherman, Goneral.
The lotter of Mr. Davis which General
Sherman quotes Is directed to the
Confederate Congress, and gives his reason,
why, in his opinion, tlio writ of habeas
corpus should be suspended. It is of
little interest and groat length, and tut
been already made public.? Register*