E. A. WEBSTER, Editor and Proprietor. A WceWyPaper Devote'd to Temperance, Literature and Politick ^
VOLUME Tl~ ORANGEBURG, SOUTH CAROLINA, SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1876." . " I ?LTMBER 4-2. ] r>
THE CENplAL
- Tie Gnat Anniversary Exhibition
f in Philadelphia.
Views of tho Exhibition Build
ings and Full Descriptions
of the Various De
partments.
Arrangements for the Oontenuial.
Tho act of congress which provides for
"celebrating the one hundredth anniver
sary of American independence, hy hold
ing un international exhibition of nrts,
manufaclu resend products of the soil
$m? minc.'1 ^authorized tho creation of
?ne United States centennial commission,
and*Vintrusted to it the management ot
the exhibition. This body is composed of
two commissidhers from each state and
territory, nominated by tlic respective
governors, and commissioned by - the
president of the United States. Tire en
terprise, therefore, is distinctly a nation
al one, and not, as has some! ?ines been
?tated, thc work of a privat'-- corpora
tion,'??
Tire exhibition waa opened on May
10th, 187(>, and remain open until No
vember 10th. There will bc a fixed
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A number of trade and industrial as
sociations, wh i cb .require largo amounts
of space, arc provided for in special build
ings. Among these are tho ' photo
graphers, the carriage builders, the glass
makers, the cracker baker*, the boot and
shoo manufacturers, besides quite a num.-,
her of individual exhibitors. The great
demand for space renders this course ne
cessary to a considerable extent, espec
ially for exhibitors who have been tardy
in making their applications. In the
main exhibition building, for example,
<three hundred and thirty-three thou
sand Ul rec hundred square feet ol space
htuTbceri applied for by the beginning ol
October by American exhibitors only;
whereas, the aggregate space which it
has beciv possible to reserve for the
United States department is only one
hundred and sixty thousand square fcot.
About one-third is consumed by passage
ways. , j*
The machinery building, like the
ohers, is already fully covered by appli
cations. There are about ono thousand
American exhibitors in this department,
one hundred and iifty English, and one
hundred and fifty from other European
countries-which is about two hundred
and filly more than entered the Vien
na machinery exhibition. Extra provision
has beep made for annexe? to accommo
date thc hydraulic machinery, the steam
hammers, forges, hoisting eng: ?es, boil
ers, plumbers, carpenters, etc.
Power in the machinery hall is chiefly
supplied! by a pair of monster Corliss en
gines. Each cylinder is forty inches in '.
diameter, with a stroke of ten feet ; the
rt i. . . - ... . ; ; :V>?,,- . .; Vr?S?s?3wi?v
ii- -''. " '---^ -: ."-? v-?^^^f^^*^^
' ' .. ' :" -' - " *
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PHOTOGRAPH
Presbyterian Synod; Caledonian Club;
Portland Mechanic Plues; Welsh Na
tional Eistedlodd; Patriotic Order Sons
if America ; California Zouaves of San
Francisco; an International Regatta ;
l-hc Life Insurance Companies; National
Hoard of Underwriters; State Agricul
tural ?Society ; Second Infantry, N. G.
if Ca?lornia; Philadelphia Conference,
Methodist Episcopal Church ; Cincinnati
Society p California Pioneer Society;
American Dental Convention; Catholic
Total Abstinence Union of America;
Independent Order of IVnai ll'ri th;
National Alumni Association ; Sales
men's Association ; Fifth Maryland
Regiment ; Seventh New York Iiegi
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fie BUILDING,
in the snide relative positions to each
other as tilp longitudinal avenues. These
cross the building, and aro four hundred
and sixtepfi feet in length. The inter
sections of these various avenues make
at the. center of thc building nine spaces
free from supports, which aro. from one
hundred lenone hundred and twenty feet
square, amt which aggregato four hun
dred and F.Kteen feet square. Thc gen
eral elevation of the roofs of nil these
avenues varies from forty-five feet to
seventy fcc"'.
The building rests upon tho ground,
tho land hiding been thoroughly grnded
and prepared. Tho-foundations consist
of piers of "v??l?yijno superstructure
the.?p*uth from memorial hall and on tho
n?rtli from agricultural building. These
ravines aro> spannciL by ornamental:''
bridges five hundredTyej; long and sixty?I
!ect wide, fbr^mvenienee-of access. Car
riage roads, a railway, und foot walks,
pass over them. The horticultural build
ing is designed in the Moresque style of
architeclurc of the twelftlr century, the
ohief materials externally being iron and
?lass, supported bv fine marble and brick
work, vThe Building is three hundred
and cighty'?Chfce tort long, one I?undred
and ninety-three feet wide, awl seventy
two feet high to the top of the lantern.
The main lloor is occupied*!*?'thc cen
tral conservatory, two hundred and thir
ty fest by eighty feet^and fifty-five feet
high, surmounted by a lantern jonc.hun
drad and seventy feet long?-tweaty feet
wide, and fourteen feet high. Running
entirely^ around tljis conservatory, at a
height of.twenty feet "'rom. the floor, ia a
gallery five feet* wide.
On the north-and south .sides of this
principal room are-, four forcing houses
for. the propagation of young plants,
each of them one hundredue?t by thirty
feet, and covered by curved roofs of jr?n
and glass, which, appearing upon the ex
terior of tho building, present a very fine
fettttre. *A vestibule thirty feet square
separates the.two forcing houses on each
side, and there a?e similar vestibules at
the center of the east and west ends, on
either side of which are apartments for
reception rooms, offices, etc. Orna
mental stairways lead from these vesti
bules to the internal galleries of the con- I
b'>ilcr bouses, and such other buildings
for special kinds of machinery as may ho
r. quired. ?
The plan of tho machinery building '
<K?W8 two main avenues ninety feet
.wide, with a central aisle between and
an aisle on either side, these being sixty
feet in width. These avenues and aisha
togelljcr have three.hundred and sixty
'feet widtl^and each of^them is one thou
sand three hundred arid sixty feet long.
At the. center of thc. building there ip a
transept ninety feet in width, which at
tho"south end is prolonged beyond the
building. This extended transept, lie
ginning at thirty feet from the building
and extending to two hundred and eight' .
feet, is flanked on cither side by aisles
sixty feet wide, and forms an annex tor
hydraulic machines. The promenades
are: In the avenue fifteen leet wide, in
tho aisles ten feet, and .in the transept
twenty-five feet. Tho walks extending
across thc building aro all ten feet wide,*"
rind lead at either end to exit doors. '
Tho foundations of this building arc piers
of masonry, tho superstructure consist
ing ot solid timber columns supporting
roof trusses, constructed of straight
wooden principal beams and wrought
iron ties and struts. Thc columns arc
placed in longitudinal HneSj and in
these rows stand sixteen feet apart.
Thc columns are forty le?t high, and
ruppert respectively thc ninety-feet
root-spans over thc avenues at a height
>f forty feet, and the sixty feet roof
ipan.i over the aisles at a height of
iWenty feet. The outer walls are built
- - - _ _I y.