Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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E. A. WEBSTER. Editor and Proprietor. VOLUME II. A Weekly Paper Devote'd to Temperance, Literature and Politic?? ^ ORANGEBURG, SOUTH CAROLINA, SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1S764 NUMBER 42, THE CENTENNIAL. Thc tot Anniversar} Exhibition in Philadelphia. Views of the Exhibition Build ings and Full Descriptions of the Various De partments. Arrangements for tho Gontunui.il. The art of congress which provides for "celebrating the one hundredth anniver sary of American independence., by bidd ing au international exhibition ol' arts, mauufacturesend products of the soil |tnd mine." "authorized the creation of the United States centennial commission, and * intrusted to it the management ol the exhibition. This body is composed of two commissioners from each, state and territory, nominated by the respective governors, and crom missioned by the president of the United Slates. The en terprise, therefore, is distinctly a nation al one, and not, as has soluciones been stated, thc work ol a privat--- corpora tion. ' The exhibition was opened on May lr)th, 1870, and remain open until No vember Kith. There will be a fixed A number of trade sind industrial as sociations, which,.require large amounts of space, are provided for in special build ings. Among these are thc photo graphers, the carriage builders, the. glass makers, the. cracker hakers, the boot and Biroo manufacturers, besides quite anum her of individual exhibitors. The great demand for space renders this coe rsc ne cessary to a considerable extent, espec ially for exhibitors who have been tardy in making their applications. In the main exhibition building, for example, throe hundred and thirty-three thou sand three hundred square feet of space had lxHMi applied for by the beginning of October hy American exhibitors only; whereas, the aggregate space which it has heen possihle to reserve for the United Stales department is only one hundred and Sixty thousand square feet. Al ?out one-third is consumed hy passage ways. The. machinery building, like the ohers, is already fully covered by appli cations. There are about one thousand American exhibitors in this department, i one hundred and fifty 'english, and one hundred and fifty from oilier European countries-which is about two hundred and filly more than entered the Vien na machinery exhibition. Extra provision hashecn made for annexes to accommo date the hydraulic machinery, the steam hammers, forges, hoisting engines, boil ers, plumbers, carpenters, etc. Power in the machinery hall is chiefly supplied by a pair of monster Corliss en gines. Each cylinder is forty indies in diameter, with a stroke of ten feet ; the PIIOT?OKAPI] Presbyterian Synod; Caledonian Club; Portland Mechanic Blues; Welsh Na tional Eistcdfodd; Patriotic Order Sons of America ; California Zouaves of San Francisco; an International Regatta; thc Mic Insurance Companies; National Hoard of Underwriters; State Agricul tural .Society ; Second Infantry, N. (I. of Cali tor nia; Philadelphia Conference, Methodis; Episcopal Church ; Cincinnati Society"; California Pioneer Society; American Dental Convention; (.'athone Total Abstinence Union of America; Independent Order of IVnai B'rith; National Alumni Association; Sales men's Association ; Fifth Maryland fciicghnciit ; Seventh New York Kegi ""MIC, American Poinological Society;I [IC BUILDING, in thc .Hftttic relativ, position* to each other na tile longitudinal avenues. These cross the wilding, and are four hundred and sixteen feet in length. The inter sections of these various avenues make at the cen tor of the. building nine spaces free from supports, which are from one hundred tonne hundred and twenty feet nquarc, amt which aggregate four hun dred and fcfeclcen feet square. The gen eral elevation of thc roofs of all these avenues varies from forty five feet to seventy fcc. Thc building rests upon thc ground, tho laud having been thoroughly graded and prepared. Thc foundations consist tho. ?fjlith from memorial hall and on thc north from agricultural building. These ravines are. spanned hy ornamental bridgen five hundrcd'feet long and sixty 'cet wide, for convenience of necees. Car riage roads, a. railway, and foo? walt's, pass over them. The horticultural build ing is designed in the Moresque style of architecture of thc twelfth century, the chief materials externally heing iron and glass, supported hy fine marble and brick work, j Thc building is three hundred and eighty-three feet long, one Hundred and ninety-three feet wide, and seventy two feet bigli to the top of the lantern. The main iloor is occupied hy the cen tral conservatory, two hundred and thir ty fc2t hy eighty feet,,and fiftyviive feet high, surmounted by a lantern one. hun dred and seventy feet long, twc-ity feet wide, and fourteen feet high. Running entirely around this conservatory, ut a height of twenty feet {rom. the door, is a gallery five feet wide. On the north and south sides of this principal room are four forcing houses for the propagation of young plants, each of them one hundred feet hy thirty feet, and covered hy curved roofs of iron and glass, which, appearing upon the ex terior of the building, present a very fine feiture. ,A vestibule thirty feet square separates the two forcing houses on each side, and there are similar vestibules at the center of the east and west ends, on either side of which are apartments for reception rooms, offices, etc. Orna mental stairways lead from these vesti bules to thc internal galleries of the eon ' ^^^^ ' boiler houses, ?uni such other buildings fin- special kinds of machinery as may bo ' r. quired. , ?. The plan of the machinery building ?stfows two main avenues ninety feet .wide, with a central aisle bet ween ami an aisle on either side, these being sixty feet in width. These, avenues and nish s togelljer have three hundred and sixty Tce.t widtlUfllid each of them is one. thou sand three hundred and sixty feet long. At the. center of thc building there is a transept ninety feet in width, which at thc south end is prolonged beyond thc building. This extended transept, he ginning af thirty feet from thc building atul extending to two hundred and eight . feet, is Hanked on cither side by aisles sixty feet wide, and lunns an annex for hydraulic machines. The promenades ? are: In thc avenue fifteen Icet wide, in tho aisles ten feet, and in thc transept twenty-five feet. The walks extending across the building are all ten feet wide, " and lead at cither end to exit doors. Tho foundations of this building are piers of masonry, tho superstructure consist ing ot solid timber columns supporting roof trusses, constructed of straight wooden principal beams mid wrought iron tics and struts. The columns arti placed in longitudinal lines, and in these rows stand sixteen feet apart. Thc columns arc forty (cet high, and support respectively thc ninoty-fect root-spans over the avenues tit a height of forty feet, and thc sixty feet rOof spans over the aisles at a height of twenty feel. Thc outer walls are built